Vibration damper and vibration damping assembly

Abstract

The shock absorber comprises a cylinder barrel and a piston, the cylinder barrel comprises an outer cylinder barrel and an inner cylinder barrel nested in the outer cylinder barrel, an inner cavity is limited by the inner cylinder barrel, the piston is located in the inner cavity and can move in the axial direction, the inner cavity is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by the piston, the piston is provided with a first flow channel with adjustable through-flow capacity, and the first flow channel is communicated with the upper cavity and the lower cavity. The first runner is communicated with the upper cavity and the lower cavity; an outer cavity is defined between the outer cylinder barrel and the inner cylinder barrel, and the outer cavity and the inner cavity are both used for containing damping fluid. The shock absorber comprises a valve component, part of the valve component is located in the upper cavity, part of the valve component is located in the outer cavity, the valve component is provided with a second flow channel, and the second flow channel can communicate with the outer cavity and the upper cavity. The shock absorber is provided with a compression stroke, in the compression stroke, the shock absorption fluid in the lower cavity enters the upper cavity through the first flow channel, when the pressure of the upper cavity is smaller than that of the outer cavity, the shock absorption fluid in the outer cavity can be supplemented to the upper cavity through the second flow channel, and therefore the damping adjusting range of the shock absorber is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shock absorbers, and specifically, to a shock absorber and a shock absorption assembly. Background Art

[0002] Conventional shock absorbers are usually provided with solenoid valves to adjust the damping of the shock absorbers. However, limited by the structural limitations of conventional shock absorbers, when the damping of the shock absorber is large, it is relatively easy for the shock absorber to form a cavity, resulting in abnormal noise of the shock absorber, which limits the range of damping adjustment of the shock absorber.

[0003] Therefore, how to increase the range of shock absorber damping adjustment has been pursued by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution for a shock absorber and a shock absorption assembly, and to improve the structure of the shock absorber to increase the range of shock absorber damping adjustment.

[0005] On the one hand, a shock absorber is provided. The shock absorber includes a cylinder barrel and a piston. The cylinder barrel includes an outer cylinder barrel and an inner cylinder barrel nested in the outer cylinder barrel. The inner cylinder barrel defines an inner cavity. The piston is located in the inner cavity and can move axially. The piston divides the inner cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The piston has a first flow channel with adjustable flow capacity, and the first flow channel communicates the upper cavity and the lower cavity;

[0006] An outer cavity is defined between the outer cylinder barrel and the inner cylinder barrel. Both the outer cavity and the inner cavity are used to accommodate shock-absorbing fluid;

[0007] The shock absorber includes a valve component. Part of the valve component is located in the upper cavity and part is located in the outer cavity. The valve component is provided with a second flow channel, and the second flow channel can communicate the outer cavity and the upper cavity;

[0008] The shock absorber is configured with a compression stroke. During the compression stroke, the shock-absorbing fluid in the lower cavity enters the upper cavity through the first flow channel. When the pressure in the upper cavity is less than the pressure in the outer cavity, the shock-absorbing fluid in the outer cavity can be supplemented to the upper cavity through the second flow channel.

[0009] By adopting the embodiments in the present application, when the shock absorber is in the compression stroke and the piston moves downward to compress the volume of the lower cavity, a high-pressure area is formed in the lower cavity, and the shock-absorbing fluid in the lower cavity enters the upper cavity through the first flow channel respectively.

[0010] When the flow capacity of the first flow channel is adjusted to be small and an air cavity is about to occur in the upper cavity, the pressure in the upper cavity will be lower than that in the outer cavity. As a result, the damping fluid located in the accommodation cavity will quickly replenish the upper cavity through the second flow channel, so that the upper cavity is quickly filled with oil, avoiding the occurrence of an air cavity in the upper cavity, and further increasing the range of damping adjustment of the shock absorber.

[0011] On the other hand, a damping assembly is provided, including a shock absorber and a solenoid valve. The solenoid valve is arranged on the piston, and the solenoid valve is used to adjust the flow capacity of the first flow channel to adjust the magnitude of the damping force received by the piston.

[0012] Through the following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present specification with reference to the accompanying drawings, other features and advantages of the present specification will become clear. Description of the Drawings

[0013] The drawings incorporated in and constituting a part of this specification illustrate embodiments of the present specification and, together with the description, are used to explain the principles of the present specification.

[0014] Figure 1 It is a diagram of a shock absorber in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 a partially enlarged schematic view;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a valve body of a valve component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a valve component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 It is Figure 1 a perspective view of a partial structure;

[0019] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 an exploded view.

[0020] Explanation of Reference Numerals:

[0021] 11. Outer cylinder; 12. Inner cylinder; 121. Inner cavity; 122. Mounting hole; 12a. Upper cavity; 12b. Lower cavity; 111. Outer cavity; 11a. Pressure regulating cavity; 11b. Accommodation cavity;

[0022] 2. Piston assembly; 21. Rod body; 211. Wiring groove;

[0023] 3. Valve component; 31. Valve body; 31a. First valve body; 31b. Second valve body; 31c. Convex end; 3a. Valve body wall surface; 32. Valve disc; 33. Elastic member; 34. Limiting surface portion; 35. Rod portion; 34a. Accommodating space; 34b. Diversion hole; 36a. First convex ring; 361. End face of the first convex ring; 36b. Second convex ring; 362. End face of the second convex ring; 37. Opening; 38. Second arc surface; 39. Pipe portion; 39a. Inlet end

[0024] 4. Fastener; 41. First connection end; 42. Third connection end; 43. First arc surface; 44. Fourth connection end

[0025] 5. Solenoid valve; 51. Wire

[0026] 6. Bolt Detailed implementation manners

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners

[0028] This application provides a shock absorber, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the shock absorber includes a cylinder barrel, a piston 2, a second flow passage, and a shock-absorbing fluid. The cylinder barrel includes an outer cylinder barrel 11 and an inner cylinder barrel 12 nested in the outer cylinder barrel 11. The inner cylinder barrel 12 defines an inner cavity 121, and a part of the shock-absorbing fluid is accommodated in the inner cavity 121. The inner cylinder barrel 12 is provided with an installation hole 122, and the installation hole 122 penetrates through the wall of the inner cylinder barrel 12 and communicates the pressure regulating cavity 11a with the upper cavity 12a

[0029] The piston 2 is located in the inner cavity 121 and can move axially. The piston 2 divides the inner cavity 121 into an upper cavity 12a and a lower cavity 12b. The piston 2 has a first flow passage with adjustable flow capacity, and the first flow passage communicates the upper cavity 12a and the lower cavity 12b. Among them, the flow capacity refers to the ease of the shock-absorbing fluid flowing through the first flow passage. In a specific example, those skilled in the art can reflect the flow capacity according to the flow velocity of the first flow passage, or other parameters that can reflect the ease of the shock-absorbing fluid flowing through the first flow passage can be used to reflect the flow capacity

[0030] An outer cavity 111 is defined between the outer cylinder barrel 11 and the inner cylinder barrel 12. The outer cavity 111 is divided into a housing cavity 11b and a pressure regulating cavity 11a. The housing cavity 11b is used to accommodate the shock-absorbing fluid, and the pressure regulating cavity 11a is used to accommodate a pressure regulating component. The pressure regulating component is used to keep the housing cavity 11b in a constant pressure state. The second flow passage communicates with the housing cavity 11b, and a part of the second flow passage passes through the inner cylinder barrel 12 through the installation hole 122 to the upper cavity 12a and communicates with the upper cavity 12a

[0031] See Figure 2In the direction indicated by the dashed arrow, the shock absorber is configured with a compression stroke and a return stroke. During the compression stroke, the piston 2 moves downward along the axis, squeezing the damping fluid in the lower chamber 12b so that it enters the upper chamber 12a through the first flow passage. When the pressure in the upper chamber 12a is less than the pressure in the accommodation chamber 11b, the damping fluid in the accommodation chamber 11b is replenished into the upper chamber 12a through the second flow passage to fill the upper chamber 12a.

[0032] If the second flow passage is not provided, when the flow capacity of the first flow passage is adjusted to be small (to increase the damping of the shock absorber), it will cause the damping fluid to not quickly fill the upper chamber 12a during the compression stroke of the piston 2, resulting in the formation of a cavity in the upper chamber 12a and thus generating abnormal noise.

[0033] By adopting the implementation mode in the present application, when the shock absorber is in the compression stroke and the piston 2 moves downward to compress the volume of the lower chamber 12b, a high-pressure area is formed in the lower chamber 12b, and the damping fluid in the lower chamber 12b enters the upper chamber 12a through the first flow passage respectively.

[0034] When the flow capacity of the first flow passage is adjusted to be small and a cavity is about to occur in the upper chamber 12a, the pressure in the upper chamber 12a will be lower than the pressure in the outer chamber 111. Thus, the damping fluid in the accommodation chamber 11b will quickly be replenished into the upper chamber 12a through the second flow passage, so that the upper chamber 12a is quickly filled with oil, avoiding the occurrence of a cavity in the upper chamber 12a, and further increasing the range of damping adjustment of the shock absorber.

[0035] In this implementation mode, the flow capacity of the first flow passage can be adjusted by setting an electromagnetic valve 5 on the piston 2. By increasing the current of the electromagnetic valve 5, the flow capacity of the first flow passage is reduced to increase the damping of the shock absorber; conversely, by reducing the current of the electromagnetic valve 5, the flow capacity of the first flow passage is increased to reduce the damping of the shock absorber.

[0036] In this implementation mode, the pressure regulating component can be compressed gas filling the pressure regulating chamber 11a. The pressure regulating chamber 11a is connected to a compressor. When the volume of the accommodation chamber 11b becomes larger or smaller, the compressed gas can adapt to it to keep the accommodation chamber 11b at a set pressure value or within a pressure range. Of course, the pressure regulating component can also be other structures, such as a compression spring, etc., as long as it can adjust its pressure according to the volume change of the accommodation chamber 11b.

[0037] In some alternative implementation modes, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the shock absorber includes a valve component 3. Part of the valve component 3 extends from the outer chamber 111 to the upper chamber 12a. The second flow passage penetrates through the valve component 3. The valve component 3 includes a valve plate 32 and a driving member. The second flow passage forms at least one opening 37 in the part of the valve component 3 located in the upper chamber 12a.

[0038] During the compression stroke, since the second flow channel is in communication with the accommodation cavity 11b, the pressure in the second flow channel is consistent with the pressure in the accommodation cavity 11b at this time. When the pressure in the second flow channel is greater than the pressure in the upper cavity 12a to form a pressure difference, the valve plate 32 can move in response to the pressure difference between the second flow channel and the upper cavity 12a to move away from and open the opening. The valve plate 32 moves to open the opening 37, and the second flow channel is in communication with the upper cavity 12a.

[0039] By the way that the valve plate 32 directly responds to the pressure difference between the accommodation cavity 11b and the upper cavity 12a to open the opening 37, during the opening process of the opening 37, the valve realizes the opening of the opening 37 through a mechanical structure. This can simplify the structure of the valve component 3, reduce the cost of the shock absorber, and at the same time improve the sensitivity and reliability of the valve component 3.

[0040] The shock absorber is also configured with a reset stroke. During the reset stroke, the driving member drives the valve plate 32 to move closer to and close the opening 37, and the damping fluid in the upper cavity 12a flows back to the lower cavity 12b through the first flow channel. That is to say, the damping fluid can only enter the upper cavity 12a from the accommodation cavity 11b, and cannot return from the upper cavity 12a to the accommodation cavity 11b. This can effectively avoid the occurrence of a cavity in the upper cavity 12a while simplifying the structure of the valve component 3.

[0041] In the present embodiment, a plurality of openings 37 may be provided, and the plurality of openings 37 are arranged in a ring or in an array. This can increase the flow rate of the damping fluid and improve the filling speed of the upper cavity 12a.

[0042] In a specific example of the present embodiment, the valve component 3 includes a valve body 31. The valve body 31 includes a first valve body 31a, a second valve body 31b, and a valve body wall surface 3a. The opening 37 is located on the valve body wall surface 3a. The first valve body 31a is located in the pressure regulating cavity 11a. One end of the second valve body 31b is connected to the first valve body 31a, and the other end penetrates into the upper cavity 12a through the mounting hole 122. A seal can be formed between the outer peripheral wall of the second valve body 31b and the mounting hole 122. The valve body wall surface 3a is the surface of the wall portion of the second valve body 31b located in the upper cavity 12a.

[0043] In the present embodiment, the second valve body 31b can be cylindrical, or can be a square body or other external shape structures. Those skilled in the art can choose by themselves. It can be understood that the cylindrical second valve body 31b can avoid corners, which is more convenient for processing.

[0044] In this embodiment, the valve member 3 further includes an elastic member 33 and a limiting surface portion 34. The limiting surface portion 34 is disposed opposite to the valve body wall surface 3a and defines a receiving space 34a between it and the valve body wall surface 3a. The opening 37 communicates with the receiving space 34a. The limiting surface portion 34 is provided with a diversion hole 34b which extends along the first direction and penetrates through the limiting surface portion 34 to communicate the upper chamber 12a with the receiving space 34a. Thereby, the damping fluid from the opening 37 can be quickly released from the receiving space 34a into the upper chamber 12a, reducing or avoiding the blocking of the damping fluid by the limiting surface portion 34.

[0045] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the valve plate 32 is located within the receiving space 34a, that is, between the valve body wall surface 3a and the limiting surface portion 34. An elastic member 33 is also provided within the receiving space 34a, and the elastic member 33 serves as the aforementioned driving member. One end of it presses against the limiting surface portion 34, and the other end presses the valve plate 32 against the valve body wall surface 3a. The elastic member can be a spring or a spring plate.

[0046] During the compression stroke, the valve plate 32 causes the elastic member 33 to deform for energy storage. During the reset stroke, the elastic member 33 resets and drives the valve plate 32 to closely fit against the valve body wall surface to close the opening 37.

[0047] By setting the driving member as the elastic member 33, the opening and closing of the opening 37 can be realized through a mechanical structure, effectively simplifying the structure of the valve member 3 and reducing the cost of the valve member 3.

[0048] In an alternative manner, the limiting surface portion 34 is provided with a rod portion 35 which is perpendicular to the limiting surface portion 34. The rod portion 35 is inserted, clamped or threadedly connected to the second valve body 31b.

[0049] In another alternative embodiment, as Figure 2 , 3 shown, in order to increase the response sensitivity of the valve plate 32 to the pressure in the second flow channel, the valve body wall surface 3a is provided with a first convex ring 36a and a second convex ring 36b. The first convex ring 36a and the second convex ring 36b protrude from the valve body wall surface 3a toward the side where the limiting surface portion 34 is located. The second convex ring 36b is disposed inside the first convex ring 36a, and the opening 37 is located between the first convex ring 36a and the second convex ring 36b. When the second flow channel is closed, the valve plate 32 presses against the end surface 361 of the first convex ring 36a and the end surface 362 of the second convex ring 36b, and the opening 37 is disconnected from the upper chamber 12a.

[0050] The second valve body 31b has a cylindrical structure, and the valve body wall surface 3a is circular at the end face of the second valve body 31b. Both the first convex ring 36a and the second convex ring 36b enclose an annular shape and are concentrically arranged with the valve body wall surface 3a. A plurality of openings 37 are evenly distributed circumferentially between the first convex ring 36a and the second convex ring 36b.

[0051] It should be noted that the first convex ring 36a and the second convex ring 36b may not be provided on the valve body wall surface 3a, and it may be a plane. In addition, the shapes of the first convex ring 36a and the second convex ring 36b may also be square rings or other polygonal rings, and the shapes of the first convex ring 36a and the second convex ring 36b are not specifically limited herein.

[0052] In some other specific embodiments, such as in combination with Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the valve component 3 further includes a pipe portion 39 communicating with the first valve body 31a of the valve body 31, and the second flow channel extends in the pipe portion 39 and the valve body 31. The pipe portion 39 has an inlet end 39a and an outlet end. The inlet end 39a is always immersed in the accommodation cavity 11b, and the outlet end is inserted into the first valve body 31a. In Figure 4 In the shown solution, a convex end 31c extends from the first valve body 31a, and the convex end 31c is inserted into the outlet end. It can be that the convex end 31c is inserted into the outlet end, or the outlet end is inserted into the convex end 31c.

[0053] In this embodiment, the pipe portion 39 is arc-shaped and bends along the circumferential direction of the outer cavity 111. Thus, it can be made such that the volume of the pipe portion 39 occupies the circumferential space of the outer cavity 111. While increasing the capacity of the pipe portion 39, it avoids occupying the radial space of the outer cavity 111 and prevents the outer cylinder 11 from damaging its original structure to meet the capacity of the pipe portion 39.

[0054] Next, taking a specific embodiment as an example, the specific connection manner between the valve component 3 and the cylinder barrel will be described.

[0055] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 shown, the shock absorber further includes a fastener 4. The fastener 4 is detachably connected to the valve component 3 and can lock the valve component 3 circumferentially to the outer wall of the inner cylinder 12.

[0056] Specifically, the fastener 4 is disposed around at least a part of the inner cylinder 12. The fastener 4 has a first connection end 41, a second connection end, and a first arc surface 43. The valve member 3 is circumferentially arranged with the first connection end 41 and the second connection end and is located between them. That is, the first valve body 31a is bent along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 12 to form a second arc surface 38. The first arc surface 43 and the second arc surface 38 are circumferentially distributed and are attached to the outer wall of the inner cylinder 12. The first valve body 31a forms a third connection end 42 for connecting with the first connection end 41 and a fourth connection end 44 for connecting with the second connection end in the circumferential direction. The first connection end 41, the second connection end, the third connection end 42, and the fourth connection end 44 are directly or indirectly connected in sequence to form a closed loop. The connection method can be connection by bolts 6, or can be snap connection, plug connection, or other methods.

[0057] Alternatively, the fastener 4 is locked around the inner cylinder 12. The fastener 4 is connected through the first connection end 41 and the second connection end to be circumferentially locked to the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 12. The valve member 3 is arranged axially above and below the fastener 4 and is connected to the fastener 4. The connection method can be bolt connection, plug connection, riveting, bonding, or other methods. Thus, the valve member 3 can occupy the circumferential space of the outer cavity 111 and avoid damaging the original outer shape structure of the shock absorber outer cylinder 11.

[0058] This application also provides a damping assembly, including the above shock absorber and a solenoid valve 5. The solenoid valve 5 is arranged on the piston 2. The solenoid valve 5 is used to adjust the flow capacity of the first flow channel to adjust the magnitude of the damping force received by the piston 2. Optionally, the piston 2 is further connected with a rod body 21. A wire groove 211 is formed in the rod body 21 for accommodating a wire 51 that is electrically connected and signal-connected to the solenoid valve 5. During the compression stroke and the reset stroke, the piston 2, the solenoid valve 5, and the rod body 21 move axially together in the inner cavity 121.

[0059] In this article, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above implementation manners is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shock absorber, characterized in that, it includes a cylinder barrel and a piston. The cylinder barrel includes an outer cylinder barrel and an inner cylinder barrel nested in the outer cylinder barrel. The inner cylinder barrel defines an inner cavity. The piston is located in the inner cavity and can move axially. The piston divides the inner cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The piston has a first flow passage with adjustable flow capacity, and the first flow passage communicates the upper cavity and the lower cavity; an outer cavity is defined between the outer cylinder barrel and the inner cylinder barrel, and both the outer cavity and the inner cavity are used to accommodate damping fluid; the shock absorber includes a valve component, a part of the valve component is located in the upper cavity and a part is located in the outer cavity. The valve component is provided with a second flow passage, and the second flow passage can communicate the outer cavity with the upper cavity; the shock absorber is configured with a compression stroke. During the compression stroke, the damping fluid in the lower cavity enters the upper cavity through the first flow passage. When the pressure in the upper cavity is less than the pressure in the outer cavity, the damping fluid in the outer cavity can be supplemented to the upper cavity through the second flow passage.

2. The shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, the second flow passage penetrates through the valve component and forms at least one opening in the part of the valve component located in the upper cavity; the valve component includes a valve plate. During the compression stroke, the valve plate can move in response to the pressure difference between the second flow passage and the upper cavity to move away from and open the opening.

3. The shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that, the valve component further includes an elastic member, and the shock absorber is further configured with a return stroke; during the return stroke, the elastic member drives the valve plate to move to close to and close the opening, and the damping fluid in the upper cavity flows back to the lower cavity through the first flow passage.

4. The shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that, the valve component includes a valve body and a limiting surface part. The valve body includes a valve body wall surface. The opening is located on the valve body wall surface. The limiting surface part is arranged opposite to the valve body wall surface. The valve plate moves between the valve body wall surface and the limiting surface part; one end of the elastic member abuts against the limiting surface part, and the other end presses the valve plate against the valve body wall surface; during the compression stroke, the valve plate drives the elastic member to deform to store energy; during the return stroke, the elastic member resets and drives the valve plate to fit against the valve body wall surface to close the opening.

5. The shock absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that, a receiving space is defined between the limiting surface part and the valve body wall surface. The valve plate and the elastic member are located in the receiving space. The limiting surface part is provided with a diversion hole which penetrates through the limiting surface part to communicate the upper cavity with the receiving space.

6. The shock absorber according to claim 5, characterized in that, the valve body wall surface is provided with a first convex ring and a second convex ring. The first convex ring and the second convex ring protrude from the valve body wall surface towards the side where the limiting surface part is located. The second convex ring is arranged inside the first convex ring. The opening is located between the first convex ring and the second convex ring; When the second flow channel is closed, the valve plate presses against the end faces of the first convex ring and the second convex ring, and the opening is disconnected from the upper cavity.

7. The shock absorber according to claim 6, wherein, both the first convex ring and the second convex ring are circular and are concentrically arranged with the wall surface of the valve body; a plurality of the openings are circumferentially distributed between the first convex ring and the second convex ring.

8. The shock absorber according to any one of claims 2-7, wherein, it further includes a fastener, the fastener is detachably connected to the valve component, and can lock the valve component circumferentially on the outer wall of the inner cylinder.

9. The shock absorber according to claim 8, wherein, the fastener surrounds at least part of the inner cylinder, the fastener has a first connection end and a second connection end, the valve component is arranged circumferentially with the first connection end and the second connection end, and is directly or indirectly connected to the first connection end and the second connection end; or, the fastener is circumferentially locked on the inner cylinder, the valve component is arranged axially above and below the fastener, and is connected to the fastener.

10. The shock absorber according to claim 9, wherein, the fastener has a first arc surface, the valve component has a second arc surface, the first arc surface and the second arc surface are circumferentially distributed and are attached to the outer wall of the inner cylinder.

11. The shock absorber according to any one of claims 2-7, wherein, the outer cavity is divided into a containing cavity and a pressure regulating cavity, the containing cavity is used to contain the shock-absorbing fluid, the pressure regulating cavity is used to contain the pressure regulating component, and the pressure regulating component is used to keep the containing cavity in a constant pressure state; the valve component includes a valve body and a pipe portion, the second flow channel extends in the pipe portion and the valve body, the valve body is located in the pressure regulating cavity, the pipe portion has an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end is always located in the containing cavity, and the outlet end is inserted into the valve body.

12. The shock absorber according to claim 11, wherein, the pipe portion is arc-shaped and is bent along the circumferential direction of the outer cavity.

13. A shock-absorbing assembly, wherein, it includes the shock absorber according to any one of claims 1-12 and an electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the piston, and the electromagnetic valve is used to adjust the flow capacity of the first flow channel so as to adjust the magnitude of the damping force received by the piston.

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