Sealing structure and gearbox

By adopting the sealing structure of magnetic fluid components and drive parts in the gear box, the problem that the sealing ring is susceptible to water pressure and wear during underwater use is solved, and long-term good sealing performance and wear compensation effect are achieved.

CN120042906AInactive Publication Date: 2025-05-27QIDONG XINZHI MASCH EQUIP CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202510288074.8
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2025-03-12
Publication Date
2025-05-27
Estimated Expiration
Not applicable · inactive patent

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

When existing gear boxes are used underwater, the sealing ring is susceptible to water pressure and wear, making it difficult to maintain good sealing performance for a long time.

Method used

Using a sealing structure including a magnetic fluid assembly and a driving member, the input shaft is sealed with a low friction through the magnetic fluid assembly, and the annular block is driven by the driving member, extruding the sleeve to compensate for wear and maintain sealing performance.

Benefits of technology

It achieves long-term maintenance of good sealing performance in underwater environments, reduces the impact of water pressure on the sealing structure, and extends the service life of the sealing assembly through wear compensation mechanism.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a sealing structure and a gearbox, and relates to the technical field of gearboxes. A front cover is mounted at one end of the barrel. The magnetic fluid assembly is adopted at the input shaft for sealing, the advantages of low friction, long service life and the like are achieved, lubricating oil in the cylinder is not prone to leakage, the influence of water pressure is reduced through mutual cooperation with the mounting plate and the annular pad, and therefore the good sealing performance at the input shaft can be maintained for a long time; the output shaft drives the annular block to move through the driving piece so as to extrude the sleeve and enable the sleeve to tightly abut against the outer side of the output shaft all the time, and when the sleeve is abraded, the annular block continues to move and extrude the sleeve so as to compensate the abrasion loss of the sleeve and enable the sleeve to be tightly attached to the outer side of the output shaft all the time, that is, the sealing performance can be kept as long as the sleeve is not completely damaged; good sealing performance can be maintained for a long time, the influence of water pressure on the sleeve is small under abutting of the conical inclined face, and the sleeve is not prone to deformation.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gear boxes, and in particular to a sealing structure and a gear box. Background Art

[0002] As the core component of the mechanical transmission system, the gears and bearings inside the gearbox need lubricating oil for lubrication and cooling during high-speed operation to ensure the normal operation and life of the equipment. Especially when the gearbox is used in water (such as underwater robots and other fields), the sealing performance of the gearbox directly affects the leakage of lubricating oil and the intrusion of water, which in turn affects the working efficiency and reliability of the gearbox. Therefore, the sealing structure design of the gearbox is very important.

[0003] At present, the sealing structure of underwater gearboxes usually adopts sealing rings (such as O-rings, lip sealing rings, etc.) to achieve the sealing of the output shaft and the input shaft. The sealing ring forms a dynamic seal by close contact with the shaft surface to prevent the leakage of lubricating oil and prevent water from entering. However, in actual use, there are the following limitations: 1. During the long-term operation of the gearbox, the friction between the sealing ring and the shaft surface will cause the sealing ring to gradually wear out. After wear, it mainly relies on the elastic deformation of its own material for compensation. Due to the limited amount of elastic compensation, it is difficult to maintain good sealing performance for a long time; 2. Under the influence of water pressure, the worn sealing ring is easy to deform, resulting in reduced sealing effect or even failure. In order to reasonably improve this problem, the present application proposes a sealing structure and a gearbox. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the technical problem that most existing gearboxes currently use sealing rings to achieve sealing between the output shaft and the input shaft, but this sealing method is greatly affected by water pressure and wear during use, and the gearbox is difficult to maintain good sealing performance for a long time. The present application provides a sealing structure and a gearbox.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, this application specifically adopts the following technical solutions: A sealing structure, comprising: A cylinder body, one end of which is provided with a front cover, a partition plate is provided in the cylinder body, an input shaft and an output shaft are rotatably mounted on the front cover and the partition plate respectively, and the two are connected by a gear assembly; A mounting plate is mounted on the other end of the cylinder, an annular gasket is provided on the outer side of the mounting plate, a chamber is provided between the mounting plate and the partition plate, and the input shaft passes through the chamber and the mounting plate in sequence, and a magnetic fluid component is provided in the chamber for sealing the input shaft; The cylindrical groove is provided on the front cover and is coaxially penetrated by the output shaft. A sealing component is provided in the cylindrical groove. The sealing component includes a sleeve movably sleeved outside the output shaft. A first annular plate is installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical groove. The end of the sleeve is connected to the first annular plate through a second annular plate. An annular block is movably provided in the cylindrical groove. A conical inclined surface is provided on the inner side of the annular block and abuts against the end of the sleeve. A driving member is provided in the cylindrical groove for driving the annular block to move towards the sleeve direction.

[0006] Further, the driving member includes an inner ring and an outer ring. A plurality of vanes are annularly distributed between the inner ring and the outer ring. The inner ring is fixedly provided on the output shaft. The cylindrical groove has a water inlet. The outer ring is rotatably installed in the water inlet. A water outlet hole is configured on the outer side of the cylindrical groove.

[0007] Further, a metal wire is connected to the end of the outer ring. The metal wire is spirally wound and its end abuts against the annular block.

[0008] Further, the number of the sealing components is two and they are linearly distributed in the cylindrical groove. The annular blocks all have magnetism and the opposite sides of the two annular blocks repel each other with the same polarity.

[0009] Further, two first magnetic rings are installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical groove and are respectively located outside the two sleeves. The magnetic poles at both ends of the first magnetic ring are opposite to the magnetic poles at both ends of the corresponding annular block.

[0010] Further, a plurality of through holes are distributed on the first annular plate and all the through holes are covered by the second annular plate.

[0011] Further, two guide posts are vertically connected to one side of the first annular plate. An installation ring is connected to the inner side of the annular block. The ends of the two guide posts sequentially slide through the second annular plate and the installation ring. The conical inclined surface is configured on the installation ring.

[0012] Further, an annular abrasive surface is configured at the end with a larger inner diameter of the conical inclined surface and abuts against the outer side of the sleeve.

[0013] Further, the magnetic fluid component includes a cylinder configured outside the input shaft. Two groups of magnetic conductive plates are symmetrically provided on the outer side of the cylinder. The magnetic conductive plates are annular and are spaced apart. A second magnetic ring is provided in the chamber. Magnetic conductive rings are respectively adsorbed on both sides of the second magnetic ring. A sealing ring is installed on the outer side of the magnetic conductive ring and abuts against the inner wall of the chamber. The outer sides of the two groups of magnetic conductive plates are respectively connected to the inner sides of the two magnetic conductive rings through a magnetic fluid ring.

[0014] The gearbox is characterized by including the above sealing structure.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: In this application, a magnetic fluid component is used for sealing at the input shaft, which has advantages such as low friction and long service life. The lubricating oil inside the cylinder body is not prone to leakage, and through cooperation with the mounting plate and the annular gasket, the influence of water pressure is reduced, so that good sealing performance can be maintained at the input shaft for a long time. At the output shaft, the driving part drives the annular block to move, thereby squeezing the sleeve, making it always tightly abut against the outer side of the output shaft. When the sleeve wears, the annular block continues to move and continues to squeeze the sleeve to compensate for the wear amount of the sleeve, so that it always clings to the outer side of the output shaft. That is, as long as the sleeve is not completely damaged, the sealing performance can be maintained, and good sealing performance can be maintained for a long time. Moreover, under the abutment of the conical inclined surface, the influence of water pressure on the sleeve is small, and the sleeve is not prone to deformation. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of this application; Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of this application with a half-section; Figure 3 is this application Figure 2 side view of the structure; Figure 4 is this application Figure 3 enlarged view of part A; Figure 5 is this application Figure 3 enlarged view of part B; Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylindrical groove of this application with a half-section; Figure 7 is this application Figure 6 enlarged view of part C; Reference numerals: 1, cylinder body; 2, front cover; 3, partition board; 4, input shaft; 5, output shaft; 6, gear assembly; 7, mounting plate; 8, annular gasket; 9, chamber; 10, magnetic fluid component; 1001, cylinder; 1002, magnetic conductive plate; 1003, second magnetic ring; 1004, magnetic conductive ring; 1005, sealing ring; 1006, magnetic fluid ring; 11, sealing assembly; 1101, sleeve; 1102, first annular plate; 1103, second annular plate; 1104, annular block; 1105, conical inclined surface; 12, driving part; 1201, inner ring; 1202, outer ring; 1203, blade; 1204, water inlet; 1205, water outlet hole; 13, metal wire; 14, first magnetic ring; 15, through hole; 16, guide post; 17, mounting ring; 18, annular matte surface; 19, cylindrical groove. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application.

[0018] like Figures 1-7 As shown, a sealing structure proposed in one embodiment of the present application includes: A cylinder 1, a front cover 2 is installed at one end of the cylinder 1, and one end of the cylinder 1 can be closed by the front cover 2. A partition 3 is provided inside the cylinder 1, and the partition 3 is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 1. An input shaft 4 and an output shaft 5 are rotatably installed on the front cover 2 and the partition 3 respectively. The input shaft 4 and the output shaft 5 are rotatably installed on the front cover 2 and the partition 3 through bearings. The two are connected by transmission through a gear assembly 6. The gear assembly 6 is located between the partition 3 and the front cover 2, and is an existing reduction gear set or speed increase gear set, so that the transmission ratio and movement direction of the input shaft 4 and the output shaft 5 can be changed to transmit power; The mounting plate 7 is mounted on the other end of the cylinder 1. The other end of the cylinder 1 can be closed by the mounting plate 7. The outer diameter of the mounting plate 7 is larger than that of the cylinder 1. An annular pad 8 is provided on the outer side of the mounting plate 7. The annular pad 8 is a rubber pad. A chamber 9 is provided between the mounting plate 7 and the partition 3. The partition 3 is close to the middle of the cylinder 1 and has a spacing with the mounting plate 7. The chamber 9 is formed by the cylinder 1, the partition 3 and the mounting plate 7. The input shaft 4 passes through the chamber 9 and the mounting plate 7 in sequence. A magnetic fluid component 10 is provided in the chamber 9 to seal the input shaft 4. The magnetic fluid component 10 adopts a magnetic fluid. Sealing technology: Under the action of the magnetic field, the magnetic fluid can form a reliable barrier between the rotating input shaft 4 and the stationary chamber 9, effectively preventing the entry of liquids and pollutants. Since the input shaft 4 needs to be connected to the motor, engine or other power source, after the connection, the mounting plate 7 can be installed on the outer shell of the power source through the bolt assembly, and the cylinder 1 can be fixed thereto. At this time, the annular gasket 8 contacts the outer shell of the power source, which can separate the protruding end of the input shaft 4 from the external water body, so that the water pressure is not easy to affect the magnetic fluid assembly 10 at the input shaft 4, which can effectively increase its service life; The cylindrical groove 19 is provided on the front cover 2 and is coaxially penetrated by the output shaft 5. A sealing assembly 11 is provided in the cylindrical groove 19. The sealing assembly 11 includes a sleeve 1101 movably sleeved outside the output shaft 5. The sleeve 1101 is a rubber sleeve 1101. A first annular plate 1102 is installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical groove 19. The end of the sleeve 1101 is connected to the first annular plate 1102 through a second annular plate 1103. The second annular plate 1103 is formed at one end of the sleeve 1101 close to the cylinder body 1 and is adhered to the first annular plate 1102 by neoprene waterproof glue. An annular block 1104 is movably provided in the cylindrical groove 19. The outer side of the annular block 1104 is fitted to the inner wall of the cylindrical groove 19. A conical inclined surface 1105 is provided on the inner side of the annular block 1104. The inner diameter of the conical inclined surface 1105 gradually decreases from the end of the sleeve 1101 towards its end and abuts and overlaps with the end of the sleeve 1101. A driving member 12 is provided in the cylindrical groove 19 for driving the annular block 1104 to move towards the sleeve 1101. When the annular block 1104 moves, it will squeeze the sleeve 1101. Under the abutment of the conical inclined surface 1105, the end of the sleeve 1101 can be deformed and tightly abut against the outer side of the output shaft 5, preventing the lubricating oil in the cylinder body 1 from leaking and preventing water from entering. At the same time, the sleeve 1101 can also prevent the continuous movement of the annular block 1104. During long-term use, the sleeve 1101 wears from its end. At this time, the annular block 1104 can continue to move and squeeze the sleeve 1101 towards the output shaft 5. That is to say, as long as the sleeve 1101 is not completely damaged, the sealing performance can be maintained; After installation, the annular gasket 8 abuts against the power source housing, separating the protruding end of the input shaft 4 from the outside water body, making it difficult for the water pressure to affect the magnetorheological fluid assembly 10 in the chamber 9. Through the magnetorheological fluid assembly 10, a sealing barrier can be formed between the rotating input shaft 4 and the stationary chamber 9. Then, the driving member 12 can be used to drive the annular block 1104 to move, and the end of the sleeve 1101 can be squeezed through the conical inclined surface 1105, so that the sleeve 1101 can tightly abut against the outer side of the output shaft 5. When the sleeve 1101 wears, the annular block 1104 can be driven to move to continue squeezing the sleeve 1101, compensating for the wear amount of the sleeve 1101 and keeping it always close to the outer side of the output shaft 5, thus ensuring the sealing performance of the cylindrical groove 19.

[0019] Such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in some embodiments, the driving member 12 includes an inner ring 1201 and an outer ring 1202. A plurality of blades 1203 are annularly distributed between the inner ring 1201 and the outer ring 1202. The blades 1203 are inclined. The inner ring 1201 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft 5. The cylindrical groove 19 has a water inlet 1204. The outer ring 1202 is rotatably installed in the water inlet 1204. A water outlet hole 1205 is formed in cooperation with the outside of the cylindrical groove 19. When the output shaft 5 rotates in water, the inner ring 1201 can be driven to rotate, and suction or pushing force can be formed. At this time, the rotating blades 1203 can transport the water flow from the water inlet 1204 to the cylindrical groove 19, and the water flow in the cylindrical groove 19 is discharged from the water outlet hole 1205 again. Since the water output of the water outlet hole 1205 is less than the water input of the water inlet 1204, when the output shaft 5 continuously rotates, water will be continuously supplied to the cylindrical groove 19 and a certain water pressure will be formed in the cylindrical groove 19. Under the action of the water pressure, the water flow pushes the first annular block 1104 to slide and squeezes the sleeve 1101.

[0020] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, a metal wire 13 is connected to the end of the outer ring 1202, and the metal wire 13 abuts against the annular block 1104. When the output shaft 5 rotates, the water pressure of the water flow can be used to push the annular block 1104 to squeeze the sleeve 1101. When the output shaft 5 does not rotate, the elastic force of the metal wire 13 can be used to abut against it, applying a certain squeezing force to the annular block 1104 to prevent the annular block 1104 from moving back and resetting under the reverse abutting force, ensuring its sealing performance.

[0021] As Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the number of the sealing assemblies 11 is two, as Figure 6As shown, they are linearly distributed in the cylindrical groove 19. The annular blocks 1104 all have magnetism. The annular blocks 1104 are axially magnetized magnetic rings with opposite magnetic poles at both ends. The opposite sides of the two annular blocks 1104 repel each other with the same polarity. That is, when the first annular block 1104 driven by the driven part 12 moves along with the wear of the sleeve 1101, that is, it moves towards the second annular block 1104. After the sleeve 1101 is almost worn out, the magnetic force on the annular block 1104 can act on the second annular block 1104 through the first annular plate 1102 and the second annular plate 1103, and force the second annular block 1104 to move. Thus, when the first sleeve 1101 is about to be damaged, the second sleeve 1101 can be made to abut against the output shaft 5, thereby improving the sealing performance at the output shaft 5. It should be specifically noted that the magnetic force will attenuate to a certain extent when passing through an object. To achieve the above function, the length of the second sleeve 1101 needs to be less than that of the first sleeve 1101.

[0022] As Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments, two first magnetic rings 14 are installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical groove 19. The first magnetic rings 14 are axially magnetized magnetic rings. The inner side of the first magnetic rings 14 is coplanar with the inner wall of the cylindrical groove 19 and is respectively located outside the two sleeves 1101. The magnetic poles at both ends of the first magnetic rings 14 are opposite to the magnetic poles at both ends of the corresponding annular blocks 1104. The length of the first magnetic rings 14 is greater than the length of the annular blocks 1104. With such a design, when the end of the first annular block 1104 moves towards the end of the first first magnetic ring 14, it will be subjected to a repulsive force of the same center, and this resistance can be overcome by the driving member 12. When the end of the first annular block 1104 enters the first first magnetic ring 14 and moves to the middle thereof, the end of the first annular block 1104 is attracted by the end of the first first magnetic ring 14, and the end of the first annular block 1104 is attracted by the end of the first first magnetic ring 14, that is, the first annular block 1104 will continue to move under the action of the magnetic force. During the movement of the first annular block 1104, a gradually increasing thrust will be exerted on the second annular block 1104 under the action of the magnetic force. When the end of the first annular block 1104 has not moved to the middle of the first first magnetic ring 14, the thrust generated by it on the second annular block 1104 will be offset by the repulsive force generated by the end of the second first magnetic ring 14 on it and the resistance force of the second sleeve 1101. When the first annular block 1104 moves to the middle of the first magnetic ring 14, the thrust generated by it on the second annular block 1104 will be greater than the repulsive force between the second annular block 1104 and the second first magnetic ring 14, that is, the second annular block 1104 can move and squeeze the second sleeve 1101. When the second sleeve 1101 is worn, the second annular block 1104 can enter the second first magnetic ring 14 under the push of the first annular block 1104. With such a design, the two sleeves 1101 will not contact the outside of the output shaft 5 at the same time, and seamless connection can be achieved after one of them is damaged.

[0023] As Figure 3 and Figure 5 shown, in some embodiments, a plurality of through holes 15 are distributed on the first annular plate 1102, and the plurality of through holes 15 are all covered by the second annular plate 1103. The magnetic force of the annular block 1104 can be conducted through the plurality of through holes 15 to facilitate the first annular block 1104 to push the second annular block 1104 to move.

[0024] As Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments, two guide posts 16 are vertically connected to one side of the first annular plate 1102. An installation ring 17 is connected to the inner side of the annular block 1104. The installation ring 17 is a plastic ring and is adhesively fixed to the inner side of the annular block 1104 through epoxy glue. The ends of the two guide posts 16 sequentially slide through the second annular plate 1103 and the installation ring 17. A conical inclined surface 1105 is formed on the installation ring 17. The movement of the annular block 1104 can be guided by the two guide posts 16, enabling it to slide within the cylindrical groove 19. When the conical inclined surface 1105 abuts the sleeve 1101 against the outer side of the output shaft 5, the high-speed rotating output shaft 5 will exert a certain force on it, restricting the movement of the annular block 1104. Part of the force can be offset by friction to improve the torsional resistance of the sleeve 1101 and prevent it from deforming easily.

[0025] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, in some embodiments, an annular abrasive surface 18 is formed at the end with a larger inner diameter of the conical inclined surface 1105 and abuts against the outer side of the sleeve 1101. That is, when the conical inclined surface 1105 presses against the sleeve 1101 and abuts it against the outer side of the output shaft 5, the roughness of the conical inclined surface 1105 can be increased through the annular abrasive surface 18, thereby increasing the frictional resistance between it and the sleeve 1101. Such a design can further improve the torsional resistance of the sleeve 1101.

[0026] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, in some embodiments, the magnetic fluid assembly 10 includes a cylinder 1001 formed on the outer side of the input shaft 4. Two groups of magnetic conductive plates 1002 are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the cylinder 1001. The magnetic conductive plates 1002 are annular and are spaced apart. A second magnetic ring 1003 is provided in the chamber 9, and magnetic conductive rings 1004 are respectively adsorbed on both sides of the second magnetic ring 1003. The magnetic conductive rings 1004 are made of stainless steel, and the two magnetic conductive rings 1004 are respectively located in the two magnetic pole directions of the second magnetic ring 1003. The two magnetic conductive rings 1004 respectively abut against both ends of the chamber 9. A sealing ring 1005 is installed on the outer side of the magnetic conductive ring 1004 and abuts against the inner wall of the chamber 9. The sealing ring 1005 is a rubber ring, which can ensure the sealing between the outer side of the magnetic conductive ring 1004 and the inner wall of the chamber 9. The outer sides of the two groups of magnetic conductive plates 1002 are respectively connected to the inner sides of the two magnetic conductive rings 1004 through a magnetic fluid ring 1006. The magnetic field generated by the second magnetic ring 1003 attracts the magnetic fluid and keeps the magnetic fluid in the gap between the magnetic conductive plates 1002 and the magnetic conductive rings 1004, forming a liquid magnetic fluid ring 1006 for sealing.

[0027] The gearbox includes the above sealing structure.

[0028] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to practice or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A sealing structure, characterized in that: include: A cylinder, one end of which is provided with a front cover, a partition is provided in the cylinder, an input shaft and an output shaft are rotatably mounted on the front cover and the partition respectively, and the two are connected by a gear assembly; A mounting plate is mounted on the other end of the cylinder, an annular gasket is provided on the outer side of the mounting plate, a chamber is provided between the mounting plate and the partition plate, and the input shaft passes through the chamber and the mounting plate in sequence, and a magnetic fluid component is provided in the chamber for sealing the input shaft; A cylindrical groove is provided on the front cover and is coaxially penetrated by the output shaft. A sealing assembly is provided in the cylindrical groove. The sealing assembly includes a sleeve movably provided on the outside of the output shaft. A first annular plate is installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical groove. The end of the sleeve is connected to the first annular plate through a second annular plate. An annular block is movably provided in the cylindrical groove. A conical inclined surface is provided on the inner side of the annular block ring, and it is in contact with and overlaps the end of the sleeve. A driving member is provided in the cylindrical groove to drive the annular block to move toward the sleeve.

2. The sealing structure and gear box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member includes an inner ring and an outer ring, a plurality of blades are distributed in an annular manner between the inner ring and the outer ring, the inner ring is fixed on the output shaft, the cylindrical groove has a water inlet, the outer ring is rotatably installed in the water inlet, and a water outlet is configured on the outer side of the cylindrical groove.

3. The sealing structure and gear box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the outer ring is connected with a metal wire, the metal wire is spirally wound, and the end of the metal wire is in conflict with the annular block.

4. The sealing structure and gear box according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are two sealing components, which are linearly distributed in the cylindrical groove. The annular blocks are all magnetic, and the opposite sides of the two annular blocks repel each other with the same magnetism.

5. The sealing structure and gear box according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two first magnetic rings are installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical groove and are respectively located outside the two sleeves, and the magnetic poles at both ends of the first magnetic ring are opposite to the magnetic poles at both ends of the corresponding annular block.

6. The sealing structure and gear box according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of through holes are distributed on the first annular plate, and the plurality of through holes are all covered by the second annular plate.

7. The sealing structure and gear box according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two guide pillars are vertically connected to one side of the first annular plate, and a mounting ring is connected to the inner side of the annular block. The ends of the two guide pillars slide through the second annular plate and the mounting ring in sequence, and a conical inclined surface is constructed on the mounting ring.

8. The sealing structure and gear box according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the conical inclined surface with a larger inner diameter is configured with an annular frosted surface and is in contact with and overlapped with the outer side of the sleeve.

9. The sealing structure and gear box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic fluid component includes a column constructed on the outside of the input shaft, and two groups of magnetic conductive plates are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the column. The magnetic conductive plates are annular and distributed at intervals. A second magnetic ring is arranged in the chamber, and magnetic conductive rings are respectively adsorbed on both sides of the second magnetic ring. A sealing ring is installed on the outside of the magnetic conductive ring and contacts the inner wall of the chamber. The outer sides of the two groups of magnetic conductive plates are respectively connected to the inner sides of the two magnetic conductive rings through magnetic fluid rings.

10. Gear box, characterized in that, The invention comprises the sealing structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.