Top drive universal type tensile test bench

Abstract

The invention discloses a top drive universal tensile test bench. The problems that an existing top drive tensile test bench is large in size and low in displacement detection precision, and accurate load control cannot be achieved are mainly solved. A hydraulic cylinder (2) is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder support (3), a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (2) is connected with a bearing pull rod (1), the bearing pull rod (1) is connected with a tractor connecting piece (4) and a load side connecting piece (5), and the tractor connecting piece (4) and the load side connecting piece (5) are arranged on a slideway (11); one side, opposite to the hydraulic cylinder (2), of the hydraulic cylinder support (3) is connected with a rack (8), the two ends of the upper part of the rack (8) are respectively provided with a traction trolley (14) and a cloth distance fixing trolley (16), and the traction trolley (14) is connected with the load side connecting piece (5) through a traction pull rod (13). The top-drive universal tensile test bench is small in boundary dimension, high in system detection precision and capable of realizing accurate control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of oil fields, in particular to a top drive universal tensile test bench. Background Art

[0002] The top drive of the drilling rig (hereinafter referred to as the top drive) is one of the key supporting equipment of the drilling rig. Its main function is to drive the drill string to rotate, tighten or loosen the drill string joints, and move up and down along the guide rail to complete the drilling operation. The gearbox of the top drive is the supporting component of the entire top drive transmission system and main motor system, and is also connected to the lifting ring to bear the weight of the drill string; the lifting ring is an important load-bearing part of the top drive, which is connected to the gearbox through the lifting ring pin. The upper part is hoisted on the traveling block hook and bears the overall weight of the top drive and the drill string. According to the relevant provisions of GB / T 31049-2014 "Top Drive of Petroleum Drilling Rigs", the gearbox, lifting ring, lifting ring and other load-bearing components should be subjected to a 1.5 times rated load tensile test before the top drive leaves the factory and after overhaul to ensure the safety and reliability of the top drive.

[0003] The top drive tensile test bench is a test device for testing the tensile performance of the top drive. Its main function is to use the hydraulic cylinder to convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, and perform 1.5 times load stretching on the test top drive. At the same time, it monitors and generates real-time curves of tension, displacement change and time.

[0004] The existing top drive tensile test bench is mainly composed of a frame assembly, a lifting ring fixture, a hydraulic cylinder system, a control system and a data acquisition system. The core technology is the control of the hydraulic cylinder system. The main working principle is that the test personnel operate the three-position four-way reversing valve and the manual control valve to open and close, drive the hydraulic cylinder to move, and then drive the top drive to stretch through the lifting ring fixture. Finally, the tension sensor and displacement sensor collect and process the signal and generate the tensile test curve, thereby realizing the tensile performance detection of the top drive.

[0005] There are three main problems with the current top drive tensile test bench. First, the external dimensions are large. Most of the existing test benches are integrated with the torsion test bench and adopt a vertical structure. Due to the large size of the top drive, the maximum size reaches 6344mm*1846mm*970mm (70 top drive), plus the hydraulic cylinder, tensile sensor and other components, the overall external dimensions of the test bench, especially the height dimension, are too large. Second, the displacement detection accuracy is low. At the beginning of the test, the top drive is usually placed on the ground and pulled up and stretched by the hydraulic cylinder. Since the top drive itself weighs up to 20t, this stretching method not only increases the hydraulic cylinder range, but also affects the displacement detection accuracy due to the gradual increase in the connection length between the two ends of the top drive and the tensile direction of the test bench during the pulling process. In order to facilitate the installation of the displacement sensor, it is usually fixedly installed on the piston of the hydraulic cylinder, resulting in the displacement measurement value including the displacement change of the top drive, the connected workpiece, the hydraulic cylinder assembly, etc., which seriously affects the tensile performance test results of the top drive. Third, the control system has a single function. Usually, a manual adjustment knob is used to control the hydraulic cylinder oil inlet valve to adjust the hydraulic cylinder extension rate and extension length, which cannot achieve accurate load control. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing top drive tensile test bench, such as large size, low displacement detection accuracy and inability to achieve precise load control, the present invention provides a top drive universal tensile test bench, which has small overall dimensions, high system detection accuracy and can achieve precise control.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: a universal top drive tensile test bench, including a hydraulic cylinder support and a slideway, a hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder support, a load-bearing pull rod is connected to the hydraulic cylinder piston rod, a tractor connecting piece and a load-side connecting piece are connected to the upper side of the load-bearing pull rod, and the tractor connecting piece and the load-side connecting piece are placed on the slideway; a frame is connected to the side of the hydraulic cylinder support opposite to the hydraulic cylinder, and a traction trolley and a cloth spacing fixing trolley are respectively provided at both ends of the upper part of the frame, wherein the traction trolley is connected to the load-side connecting piece through a traction pull rod.

[0008] A back-pressure tensile sensor is connected between the tractor connecting piece and the load-side connecting piece.

[0009] Displacement sensors are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the traction trolley and the cloth spacing fixing trolley.

[0010] One end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder support, and the other end is fixed on the triangular support, and the triangular support is located on the slideway. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the load-bearing pull rod through a piston rod connecting piece. After the load-bearing pull rod passes through the hydraulic cylinder support and the triangular support, the other end is connected to the tractor connecting piece and the load-side connecting piece.

[0011] A plurality of bases are arranged at the bottom of the frame. The frame is a frame structure, and at least two lifting platforms are arranged at the bottom of the frame.

[0012] The lifting platform comprises a lifting platform bottom plate and a lifting platform top plate. A plurality of supporting arms are hinged between the lifting platform bottom plate and the lifting platform top plate, and a lifting platform hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the supporting arms.

[0013] The frame is divided into three sections along the length direction, wherein the first section of the frame is fastened to the hydraulic cylinder support by bolts, the second section of the frame and the first section of the frame are respectively fixed to the first base by bolts, and the third section of the frame and the second section of the frame are respectively fixed to the second base by bolts.

[0014] The base, hydraulic cylinder support, slideway and bottom of the triangular support are located on the same plane.

[0015] It also includes a lifting ring tooling, one end of which is connected to the top drive, and the other end of which is connected to the traction trolley.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: Due to the adoption of the above scheme, the tensile test bench adopts a horizontal structure as a whole, which is adapted to the size of the top drive to be tested, and at the same time, a back-pressure tensile sensor is used to collect tensile load signals, which minimizes the external dimensions of the test bench. The use of a double-group lifting platform realizes the compatibility of the test bench with top drives of different heights. Different lifting heights are set according to different types of top drives, so that the tensile direction of the test bench can always be on the same horizontal line with the center of the top drive, preventing the top drive from being pulled up, resulting in the gradual increase in the connection length between the two ends of the top drive and the tensile direction of the test bench, affecting the displacement detection accuracy; at the same time, a dual displacement sensor signal differential detection system is adopted, and the two groups of displacement sensors are respectively installed on the spacing fixed vehicle and the traction trolley, thereby improving the reliability of the displacement detection results. At the same time, the test bench can realize manual / automatic control modes, and automatic control is realized by combining a computer software control system + a three-position four-way proportional solenoid valve to improve the system control accuracy; manual control is realized by combining a manual control valve + a manual oil return valve + a three-position four-way solenoid valve to meet the requirement that the tensile test can be carried out in manual control mode after a failure of the automatic control system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a front view of the present invention; Figure 2 is a top view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is the main view of the lifting platform; Figure 4 It is the left view of the lifting platform; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the lifting ring tooling; Figure 6is a stereogram of the present invention; Figure 7 It is the hydraulic principle diagram of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure, 1-bearing rod, 2-hydraulic cylinder, 3-hydraulic cylinder support, 4-tractor connecting piece, 5-load side connecting piece, 6-piston rod connecting piece, 7-triangular support, 8-frame, 9-lifting platform, 10-base, 11-slide, 12-back pressure tensile sensor, 13-traction rod, 14-traction trolley, 15-protective cover, 16-cloth distance fixing trolley, 17-lifting platform top plate, 18-lifting platform hydraulic cylinder, 19-sleeve, 20-support arm, 21-lifting platform bottom plate. Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: Depend on Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a top drive universal tensile test bench includes a base 10, a hydraulic cylinder support 3, a slide 11, a frame 8, and a triangular support 7, and the base 10, the hydraulic cylinder support 3, the slide 11, and the bottom surface of the triangular support 7 are in the same horizontal plane, wherein the two sides of the hydraulic cylinder support 3 are fixed to the ground after crossing the slide 11. The hydraulic cylinder support 3 is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 2, one end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixed to the hydraulic cylinder support 3, and the other end is fixed to the triangular support 7, and the triangular support 7 is fixed to the ground across the slide 11. A load-bearing pull rod 1 is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2, and after passing through the hydraulic cylinder support 3 and the triangular support 7, one end of the load-bearing pull rod 1 is connected to the piston rod connector 6, and the other end is connected to the tractor connector 4 and the load side connector 5. A back-pressure tensile sensor 12 is connected between the tractor connector 4 and the load side connector 5 for collecting tensile load signals.

[0020] The side of the hydraulic cylinder support 3 opposite to the hydraulic cylinder 2 is connected with a frame 8. The frame 8 adopts a three-section structure for easy transportation, wherein a base 10 is provided at the bottom between two adjacent frames. When connecting, firstly, the first frame section is fastened to the hydraulic cylinder support 3 by bolts, then the second frame section is fixed to the first base 10 by bolts, and finally the third frame section is fixed to the second frame section by bolts. A traction trolley 14 and a cloth distance fixing trolley 16 are provided at both ends of the upper part of the frame 8, respectively. The traction trolley 14 and the cloth distance fixing trolley 16 are provided with pulley mechanisms, respectively, and are connected to the frame 8 through the pulley mechanisms, so that the traction trolley 14 and the cloth distance fixing trolley 16 can move left and right on the frame 8. The cloth spacing fixing trolley 16 is located on the third section bracket and can be moved forward and backward along the frame in units of 500 mm. When it moves to the required position, it is fixed by a pin shaft. The traction trolley 14 is placed on the first section frame and connected to the load-side connector 5 through a traction rod 13. Displacement sensors are respectively provided on the opposite sides of the traction trolley 14 and the cloth spacing fixing trolley 16. The difference between the detection values ​​of the two displacement sensors is the actual displacement change of the top drive.

[0021] The test bench also includes at least two lifting platforms 9. The frame 8 is a frame structure. The lifting platform 9 is located at the bottom center of the frame 8 and is used to place the top drive device. The lifting platform 9 can lift the top drive device so that the top drive center is flush with the center of the test bench. The lifting platform 9 includes a lifting platform bottom plate 21, a lifting platform top plate 17, and 8 support arms 20, of which 4 support arms 20 are hinged to the lifting platform bottom plate 21, and 4 support arms 20 are hinged to the lifting platform top plate 17. The eight support arms 20 are respectively combined into four sets of telescopic mechanisms through 4 sleeves 19 to realize the lifting and lowering functions of the lifting platform 19. A lifting platform hydraulic cylinder 18 is provided on the side of the sleeve 19. After the piston of the lifting platform hydraulic cylinder 18 is extended, the lifting platform top plate 17 can be lifted up.

[0022] When the test bench is working, it is also equipped with a supporting ring tooling, such as Figure 5 One end of the lifting ring tooling is connected to the top drive, and the other end is connected to the traction trolley 14 through a pin shaft.

[0023] The working principle of the test bench is as follows: before the test, the top drive is installed first, the top drive is hoisted and laid flat on the lifting platform 9, the lifting platform hydraulic cylinder 18 is started, and the lifting platform hydraulic cylinder 18 lifts the lifting platform 19 together with the top drive until the center line of the top drive coincides with the tensile center line of the test bench; the cloth spacing fixing trolley 16 is fixed to the frame 8 through the pin shaft, one side of the top drive lifting ring is connected to the cloth spacing fixing trolley 16 through the pin shaft, and the other end is connected to the traction trolley 14 through the lifting ring fixture and the pin shaft. Then the corresponding top drive test parameters are set through the control software, and the system is started to run. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 moves according to the set holding value and holding time, driving the load-bearing rod 1, the piston rod connector 6, the tractor connector 4, and the load-side connector 5 to move on the slideway 11, thereby driving the traction trolley 14 to transfer the load to the top drive through the traction rod 13. The displacement sensors on the traction trolley 14 and the spacing fixing trolley 16 can measure the displacement change, and the back-pressure tensile sensor 12 can respond to the change of tension, and generate a real-time curve of tension, displacement change and time in the control software, thereby realizing the detection of the tensile performance of the top drive.

[0024] Figure 7 This is the hydraulic principle diagram of the top drive universal tensile test bench. The test bench adopts the principle of electric control liquid as a whole. It controls the extension and retraction rate and extension length of the hydraulic cylinder piston through automatic and manual control methods to realize the continuous loading and step-by-step load-keeping functions of the test bench. The hydraulic system is mainly composed of oil tank, oil pump motor unit, manual control valve, automatic control valve, manual oil return valve, electromagnetic reversing valve, high-pressure ball valve, pipeline, filter device, safety protection device, pressure gauge, liquid level gauge, etc. The liquid level gauge is a double-linked liquid level gauge installed on the right side of the oil tank to observe the liquid level. The safety protection device consists of a relief valve, a safety valve, etc. When the system pressure exceeds the set pressure, the relief valve and the safety valve will automatically unload to ensure the safety of the hydraulic system. A control box is installed in front of the hydraulic source. The control box is equipped with an air switch and a start button, and is equipped with a manual control valve and a manual oil return valve knob.

[0025] The manual control principle of this test is: after the top drive is installed, the two high-pressure ball valves should be opened first. Then close the control box air switch, and the staff will operate in the control software to transmit the 24V electrical signal to the open position of the three-position four-way solenoid valve, check that the three-position four-way proportional solenoid valve is in the closed position, and press the start button on the control box to start the oil pump motor after confirming that the manual oil return valve is closed. The manual control valve knob on the control box is manually operated to achieve loading and unloading (piston forward and backward). When the knob is turned clockwise, the oil delivery flow / loading speed decreases until it is zero; otherwise, the oil delivery flow / loading speed increases. The hydraulic control system can achieve 26Mpa oil pressure control input under the control of the motor, three-position four-way valve and hydraulic control check valve. After the test, open the manual oil return valve to return the oil, and the hydraulic cylinder returns to its initial state.

[0026] In the automatic control mode, you still need to open the two high-pressure ball valves first, close the control box air switch, and confirm that the manual control valve, manual oil return valve and three-position four-way solenoid valve are closed. Then press the start button on the control box to start the oil pump motor, and input the corresponding load holding parameters through the control software to start the automatic control program, transmit the 24V electrical signal to the three-position four-way proportional solenoid valve to automatically adjust the valve opening, and realize the automatic control of the hydraulic cylinder loading.

Claims

1. A top drive universal tensile test bench, comprising a hydraulic cylinder support (3), Features: It also includes a slideway (11), wherein a hydraulic cylinder (2) is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder support (3), a bearing rod (1) is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (2), a tractor connecting member (4) and a load-side connecting member (5) are connected to the upper portion of the bearing rod (1), and the tractor connecting member (4) and the load-side connecting member (5) are placed on the slideway (11); a frame (8) is connected to the side of the hydraulic cylinder support (3) opposite to the hydraulic cylinder (2), and a traction trolley (14) and a cloth spacing fixing trolley (16) are respectively provided at both ends of the upper portion of the frame (8), wherein the traction trolley (14) is connected to the load-side connecting member (5) via the traction rod (13).

2. The top drive universal tensile test bench according to claim 1, Features: A back-pressure tensile sensor (12) is connected between the tractor connecting piece (4) and the load-side connecting piece (5).

3. The top drive universal tensile test bench according to claim 2, Features: Displacement sensors are respectively provided on opposite sides of the traction trolley (14) and the cloth spacing fixing trolley (16).

4. The top drive universal tensile test bench according to claim 3, Features: One end of the hydraulic cylinder (2) is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder support (3), and the other end is fixed on the triangular support (7), and the triangular support (7) is located on the slideway (11).

5. The top drive universal tensile test bench according to claim 4, Features: The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (2) is connected to the load-bearing tie rod (1) via a piston rod connecting piece (6); after the load-bearing tie rod (1) passes through the hydraulic cylinder support (3) and the triangular support (7), the other end is connected to the tractor connecting piece (4) and the load-side connecting piece (5).

6. The top drive universal tensile test bench according to claim 5, Features: A plurality of bases (10) are provided at the bottom of the frame (8); the frame (8) is a frame structure, and at least two lifting platforms (9) are provided at the bottom of the frame.

7. The top drive universal tensile test bench according to claim 6, Features: The lifting platform (9) comprises a lifting platform bottom plate (21) and a lifting platform top plate (17), a plurality of support arms (20) are hingedly connected between the lifting platform bottom plate (21) and the lifting platform top plate (17), and a lifting platform hydraulic cylinder (18) is provided on the support arms (20).

8. The top drive universal tensile test bench according to claim 7, Features: The frame (8) is divided into three sections along the length direction, wherein the first section of the frame is fastened to the hydraulic cylinder support (3) by bolts, the second section of the frame and the first section of the frame are respectively fixed to the first base (10) by bolts, and the third section of the frame and the second section of the frame are respectively fixed to the second base (10) by bolts.

9. The top drive universal tensile test bench according to claim 8, Features: The base (10), the hydraulic cylinder support (3), the slideway (11), and the bottom of the triangular support (7) are located on the same plane.

10. The top drive universal tensile test bench according to claim 9, Features: It also includes a lifting ring tooling, one end of which is connected to the top drive, and the other end of which is connected to the traction trolley (14).

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