Soil sampling device and sampling method based on chemical leaching

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling, in particular to a soil sampling device based on chemical leaching and a sampling method.The soil sampling device comprises a control chamber and further comprises a sampling barrel, a plurality of detection claws, a fixing ring, a pair of arc-shaped plates, a sealing leakage-proof assembly, a supporting labor-saving assembly, a locking assembly and a driving assembly; the multiple detection claws are circumferentially distributed at the bottom of the sampling barrel, the tops of the detection claws are hinged to the bottom of the sampling barrel, the multiple detection claws can form a hollow conical structure, the fixing ring is slidably connected with the periphery of the sampling barrel, the top of the arc-shaped plate is hinged to the bottom of the fixing ring, and the inner wall of the arc-shaped plate is attached to the periphery of the sampling barrel. The bottom of the sampling barrel can be sealed by arranging a closable detection claw at the bottom of the sampling barrel, and arc-shaped plates are arranged on the two sides of the sampling barrel, so that silt is pushed away in the process of extracting the sampling barrel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling, and particularly relates to a soil sampling device and a sampling method based on chemical leaching. Background Art

[0002] Chemical leaching is an efficient soil pollution remediation technology. Its principle is to use the chemical reactions and physical interactions between the leaching solution and the pollutants in the soil to transfer the pollutants from the surface or pores of soil particles to the leaching solution, and then remove the pollutants by separating and treating the leaching solution. For water-soluble pollutants, the water in the leaching solution can directly dissolve them to form a solution. For non-water-soluble pollutants or pollutants adsorbed on the surface of soil particles, specific components in the leaching solution desorb the pollutants through chemical reactions or physical actions and enter the leaching solution. With the flow of the leaching solution in the soil pores, the mechanical migration of pollutants in the soil is realized, so as to transfer them from the polluted area to other locations or be collected and treated.

[0003] Among them, soil sampling is a key link in the chemical leaching process. It provides important data support for accurately evaluating the pollution status, monitoring the leaching effect, analyzing the changes in soil properties, and studying the migration law of pollutants, and plays an irreplaceable role in ensuring the effectiveness, safety, and sustainability of the chemical leaching technology. Therefore, during chemical leaching, a sampling device needs to be used repeatedly many times to collect soil at different positions in the soil remediation area, so as to analyze the soil remediation situation through detecting and analyzing data.

[0004] During the soil sampling process, since most industrial pollution sources and agricultural non-point pollution sources are located near rivers, and in positions such as river valleys and shoals, pollutants in the soil are more likely to migrate and diffuse under the action of water flow, it is very necessary to sample the soil at these positions.

[0005] However, most of the existing soil sampling devices are not convenient for sampling soil and water samples at positions such as river valleys and shoals. Since the bottom of such positions is a mixture of sediment and the top is covered with shallow river water, when sampling, the sampling cylinder needs to be inserted into the water and continuously pressed down until the bottom of the sampling cylinder penetrates into the sediment, and the water body needs to be taken out together as a sample to prevent the loss of polluted components with the water body, resulting in inaccurate detection data.

[0006] This has created two problems: First, when taking out the sample, since the frictional force between the water body and the sampling cylinder is small, and the water body at the top will squeeze the sediment downward, it is easy for the sample to slip out of the sampling cylinder; Second, due to the existence of a water layer on top of the sediment and the good sealing of the water layer, the pressure inside and outside the sampling cylinder is different, increasing the difficulty of pulling out the sampling cylinder. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a soil sampling device and sampling method based on chemical leaching, which can overcome special location environments such as river valleys and shoals, prevent the loss of samples in the sampling cylinder, and can easily extract the sampling cylinder from the soil layer.

[0008] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: Provide a soil sampling device based on chemical leaching, including a control room, and also including a sampling cylinder, a plurality of probe claws, a fixing ring, a pair of arc-shaped plates, a sealing and leak-proof component, a support and labor-saving component, a locking component and a driving component. The bottom of the control room is fixedly connected to the top of the sampling cylinder. The plurality of probe claws are circumferentially arranged at the bottom of the sampling cylinder. The top of the probe claws is hinged to the bottom of the sampling cylinder. The plurality of probe claws can form a hollow conical structure. The fixing ring is slidably connected to the outer periphery of the sampling cylinder. The top of the arc-shaped plate is hinged to the bottom of the fixing ring. The inner wall of the arc-shaped plate is attached to the outer periphery of the sampling cylinder. The sealing and leak-proof component includes a retracting and releasing mechanism and a lifting mechanism. The retracting and releasing structure and the lifting mechanism are both installed on the sampling cylinder. The retracting and releasing mechanism is used to control the vertical rotation of the probe claws. The lifting mechanism is used to transport the sediment to the top of the sampling cylinder. The support and labor-saving component is installed on the fixing ring. The support and labor-saving component is used to support the sampling cylinder. The locking component and the driving component are both installed on the sampling cylinder. The locking component is used to fix the arc-shaped plate. The driving component is used to drive the lifting mechanism and the locking component to work.

[0009] Preferably, the sealing and leak-proof component further includes a plurality of first rotating shafts and a plurality of first torsion springs. The top of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sampling cylinder. The top of the probe claw is rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the first rotating shaft. The first torsion spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first rotating shaft. One end of the first torsion spring is fixedly connected to the sampling cylinder. The other end of the first torsion spring is fixedly connected to the probe claw. The retracting and releasing mechanism includes a turntable, a disc, a plurality of cables and a plurality of rings. The turntable is horizontally rotatably installed in the control room. The disc is rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the turntable. The outer periphery of the disc is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control room. A plurality of grooves are formed in the outer periphery of the disc. The grooves are in clamping fit with the cables. One end of the cable is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the turntable. The ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the probe claw. The ring is located at the bottom of the first rotating shaft. The other end of the cable passes through the side wall of the sampling cylinder and is fixedly connected to the ring.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a round rod and a screw conveyor. The top of the round rod is rotatably connected to the top wall of the control room. The bottom of the round rod passes through the bottom wall of the control room and the top wall of the sampling cylinder and is rotatably connected thereto. The top of the screw conveyor is coaxially connected to the bottom of the round rod. The outer periphery of the screw conveyor is attached to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the labor-saving support assembly further includes a pair of second rotating shafts, a pair of second torsion springs, and a pair of support legs. The second rotating shafts are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed ring. The top of the arc-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the periphery of the second rotating shafts. The second torsion springs are sleeved on the periphery of the second rotating shafts. One end of each second torsion spring is fixedly connected to the fixed ring, and the other end of each second torsion spring is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped plate. The two support legs are respectively located on both sides of the sampling cylinder. The top of each support leg is hinged to the arc-shaped plate. The support legs are used to support the sampling cylinder and fix the arc-shaped plate in the sediment.

[0012] Preferably, each support leg includes a rod body, a rod head, a pair of clamping blocks, a pair of buttons, a pair of springs, and a resistance increasing mechanism. The top of the rod body is rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the middle part of the arc-shaped plate. The top of the rod head is inserted and matched with the bottom of the rod body. The two clamping blocks are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the rod body. The clamping blocks are slidably connected to the inner wall of the rod body. The bottom of the clamping blocks is clamped and matched with the inner wall of the rod head. The buttons are fixedly connected to the clamping blocks. The two buttons respectively pass through the side walls at both ends of the rod body and are slidably connected thereto. The two ends of each spring are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the two clamping blocks. The resistance increasing mechanism is installed on the rod body and is used to increase the friction between the support rod and the sediment.

[0013] Preferably, through empty slots are formed on both sides of the rod body. The resistance increasing mechanism includes two pairs of rotating plates, a pair of sliding plates, a bidirectional screw rod, and a knob. One end of each pair of rotating plates is hinged to each other. The opposite ends of each pair of rotating plates are slidably connected to the empty slots. The sliding plates are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rod body. One end of each of the two sliding plates is respectively rotatably connected to the top of the two rotating plates at the top, and the other end of each of the two sliding plates is respectively rotatably connected to the bottom of the two rotating plates at the bottom. The bidirectional screw rod passes through the two sliding plates and is threadedly connected thereto. The thread grooves on the two sliding plates have opposite directions. The top of the bidirectional screw rod passes through the inner wall of the rod body and is coaxially connected to the bottom of the knob. One side of the knob passes through the side wall of the rod body and is in contact therewith.

[0014] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a motor, a first toothed ring, a hydraulic rod, and an insertion block. The bottom of the motor is fixedly connected to the top of the control room. The output shaft of the motor passes through the top wall of the control room and is coaxially connected to the top of the round rod. The first toothed ring is sleeved on the periphery of the round rod and is rotatably connected thereto. The bottom of the first toothed ring is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the control room. The top of the first toothed ring is coaxially connected to the bottom of the turntable. One side of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the turntable. The telescopic end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to one side of the insertion block. A slot is formed on one side of the round rod, and the other side of the insertion block is inserted and matched with the slot.

[0015] Preferably, the locking assembly includes a pair of semi-circular blocks, a pair of insertion rods, a pair of rotating seats and a pair of second toothed rings. The semi-circular blocks are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped plate. The semi-circular blocks are located at the top of the support legs. Semi-circular grooves are formed on both sides of the sampling cylinder. The semi-circular grooves are in snap-fit connection with the semi-circular blocks. The bottom of the insertion rod passes through the side wall of the sampling cylinder and the semi-circular block and is slidably connected thereto. The rotating seat is horizontally rotatably installed in the control room. The top of the insertion rod passes through the bottom wall of the control room and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating seat. The second toothed ring is coaxially connected to the periphery of the rotating seat. The second toothed ring meshes with the first toothed ring.

[0016] The present invention also provides a sampling method for a soil sampling device based on chemical leaching, including the following steps. Step 1: Drive the auger to rotate through the driving mechanism arranged inside the sampling cylinder, and at the same time press the handle to easily insert the sampling cylinder into the sediment. Step 2: A retracting and releasing mechanism is installed in the control room, which can drive the plurality of probe claws at the bottom of the sampling cylinder to close together to prevent sample loss. At the same time, the locking assembly is unlocked, and the arc-shaped plate can rotate around the second rotating shaft. Step 3: Support legs are arranged on the arc-shaped plate. Rotate the knob on the support leg, and fix the support leg in the sediment through the resistance increasing mechanism. Step 4: Pull the sampling cylinder upward. Through the mutual contact between the semi-circular groove and the semi-circular block, drive the arc-shaped plate and the fixed ring to rise. At the same time, through the pulling of the support leg, the bottom of the arc-shaped plate is opened to both sides, which can push the sediment away to reduce friction. Step 5: After the semi-circular block is separated from the semi-circular groove, continue to pull the sampling cylinder to extract it from the fixed ring to complete the sampling.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. When sampling, the present invention inserts the sampling cylinder together with the probe claws at its bottom into the target sediment. At the same time, the bottom of the arc-shaped plate also follows the sampling cylinder into the sediment. Subsequently, the driving assembly drives the retracting and releasing mechanism and the lifting mechanism to work, so that the plurality of probe claws rotate vertically and tighten with each other simultaneously, forming an inverted hollow conical structure, thereby sealing the bottom of the sampling cylinder, sealing the sediment together with the water body in the sampling cylinder, and lifting the sample to the top of the sampling cylinder through the lifting mechanism to ensure that the probe claws can rotate smoothly and prevent sample loss while extracting the sample.

[0018] 2. When extracting the sampling cylinder, pull the handle upward to lift the sampling cylinder. During this process, the pair of arc-shaped plates rotate to both sides respectively, pushing the surrounding sediment away, which can reduce the friction between the sampling cylinder and the sediment. And the surrounding water will quickly flow into the gap between the arc-shaped plate and the sampling cylinder, which can balance the internal and external pressure difference, making it easier to extract the sampling cylinder. As the arc-shaped plate rotates and gradually separates from the sampling cylinder, finally, the sampling cylinder is pulled out upward from the fixed ring to complete the sampling. Description of the Drawings

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 is the schematic three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 1 。

[0021] Figure 2 is the schematic three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 2 。

[0022] Figure 3 is the exploded view of the support and labor-saving component structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 is the cross-sectional view of the arc plate structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the sampling cylinder structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 is the cross-sectional view of the sampling cylinder structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 is Figure 6 the enlarged view of the structure at A in

[0027] Figure 8 is Figure 6 the enlarged view of the structure at B in

[0028] Figure 9 is the exploded view of the drive component structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 is the cross-sectional view of the rod body structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 is the exploded view of the support leg structure of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1, control room; 10, sampling cylinder; 100, semi-circular groove; 2, sealing and leak-proof component; 20, probing claw; 21, retracting and extending mechanism; 210, turntable; 211, disc; 2110, groove; 212, cable; 213, pull ring; 22, lifting mechanism; 220, round rod; 2200, slot; 221, auger; 23, first rotating shaft; 24, first torsion spring; 3. Supporting labor-saving component; 30. Fixing ring; 31. Arc plate; 32. Second rotating shaft; 33. Second torsion spring; 34. Supporting leg; 340. Rod body; 3400. Empty slot; 341. Rod head; 342. Block; 343. Button; 344. Spring; 35. Resistance increasing mechanism; 350. Rotating plate; 351. Slide plate; 352. Bidirectional screw; 353. Knob; 4. Locking assembly; 40. Semicircular block; 41. Insertion rod; 42. Rotating seat; 43. Second gear ring; 5. Driving assembly; 50. Motor; 51. First gear ring; 52. Hydraulic rod; 53. Insert block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0033] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0034] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the term "connection" or the like appears to indicate the connection relationship between components, the term should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown: A soil sampling device based on chemical leaching includes a control room 1, and also includes a sampling cylinder 10, a plurality of probing claws 20, a fixing ring 30, a pair of arc-shaped plates 31, a sealing and leak-proof component 2, a supporting and labor-saving component 3, a locking component 4 and a driving component 5. The bottom of the control room 1 is fixedly connected to the top of the sampling cylinder 10. The plurality of probing claws 20 are circumferentially arranged at the bottom of the sampling cylinder 10. The top of the probing claws 20 is hinged to the bottom of the sampling cylinder 10. The plurality of probing claws 20 can form a hollow conical structure. The fixing ring 30 is slidably connected to the outer periphery of the sampling cylinder 10. The top of the arc-shaped plate 31 is hinged to the bottom of the fixing ring 30. The inner wall of the arc-shaped plate 31 is attached to the outer periphery of the sampling cylinder 10. The sealing and leak-proof component 2 includes a retracting and releasing mechanism 21 and a lifting mechanism 22. Both the retracting and releasing structure and the lifting mechanism 22 are installed on the sampling cylinder 10. The retracting and releasing mechanism 21 is used to control the vertical rotation of the probing claws 20. The lifting mechanism 22 is used to transport the sediment to the top of the sampling cylinder 10. The supporting and labor-saving component 3 is installed on the fixing ring 30. The supporting and labor-saving component 3 is used to support the sampling cylinder 10. Both the locking component 4 and the driving component 5 are installed on the sampling cylinder 10. The locking component 4 is used to fix the arc-shaped plate 31. The driving component 5 is used to drive the lifting mechanism 22 and the locking component 4 to work. When sampling, hold the handle on the control room 1 and insert the sampling cylinder 10 together with the probing claws 20 at its bottom into the target sediment. At the same time, the arc-shaped plate 31 is fixed to the outer periphery of the sampling cylinder 10 through the locking component 4, so that the bottom of the arc-shaped plate 31 also follows the sampling cylinder 10 and inserts into the sediment. Subsequently, drive the retracting and releasing mechanism 21 and the lifting mechanism 22 to work through the driving component 5, so that the plurality of probing claws 20 rotate vertically and tighten each other simultaneously, forming an inverted hollow conical structure, thereby sealing the bottom of the sampling cylinder 10, sealing the sediment together with the water body in the sampling cylinder 10, and lifting the sample to the top of the sampling cylinder 10 through the lifting mechanism 22, ensuring that the probing claws 20 can rotate smoothly and preventing the sample from flowing out during the extraction of the sample. Then unlock the locking component 4 and pull up the handle to lift the sampling cylinder 10. During this process, the pair of arc-shaped plates 31 rotate to both sides respectively, pushing away the surrounding sediment, which can reduce the friction between the sampling cylinder 10 and the sediment, and the surrounding water will quickly flow into the gap between the arc-shaped plate 31 and the sampling cylinder 10, which can balance the internal and external pressure difference, making it more labor-saving to extract the sampling cylinder 10. As the arc-shaped plate 31 rotates and gradually separates from the sampling cylinder 10, finally, the sampling cylinder 10 is pulled out upward from the fixing ring 30, and the sampling can be completed.

[0037] As Figures 1 to 8 shown: The seal and leak-proof assembly 2 further includes a plurality of first rotating shafts 23 and a plurality of first torsion springs 24. The top of the first rotating shaft 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sampling cylinder 10, and the top of the probe claw 20 is rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the first rotating shaft 23. The top of the probe claw 20 can rotate around the first rotating shaft 23 to achieve the opening and closing effects. The first torsion spring 24 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first rotating shaft 23. One end of the first torsion spring 24 is fixedly connected to the sampling cylinder 10, and the other end of the first torsion spring 24 is fixedly connected to the probe claw 20. When the plurality of probe claws 20 are closed, the first torsion spring 24 is in a twisted state. After the sampling is completed, the first torsion spring 24 can drive the probe claw 20 to reset through its rotation. The retracting and extending mechanism 21 includes a turntable 210, a disc 211, a plurality of cables 212 and a plurality of pull rings 213. The turntable 210 is horizontally rotatably installed in the control room 1. The disc 211 is rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the turntable 210, and the outer periphery of the disc 211 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control room 1. A plurality of grooves 2110 are formed in the outer periphery of the disc 211, and the grooves 2110 are in clamping fit with the cables 212. One end of the cable 212 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the turntable 210. The pull ring 213 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the probe claw 20. The pull ring 213 is located at the bottom of the first rotating shaft 23. The other end of the cable 212 passes through the side wall of the sampling cylinder 10 and is fixedly connected to the pull ring 213. When the turntable 210 rotates, the cable 212 is gradually wound around the outer periphery of the turntable 210 under the limitation of the disc 211 as the turntable 210 rotates, so as to pull the plurality of cables 212 to tighten, and pull the pull ring 213 to drive the bottom of the probe claw 20 to rotate upward around the first rotating shaft 23 to close the probe claw 20 and seal the sampling cylinder 10.

[0038] As Figures 1 to 6 shown: The lifting mechanism 22 includes a round rod 220 and an auger 221. The top of the round rod 220 is rotatably connected to the top wall of the control room 1. The bottom of the round rod 220 passes through the bottom wall of the control room 1 and the top wall of the sampling cylinder 10 and is rotatably connected thereto. The top of the auger 221 is coaxially connected to the bottom of the round rod 220, and the outer periphery of the auger 221 is in contact with the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 10. When the round rod 220 rotates, it drives the auger 221 to rotate simultaneously, which can convey the sediment at the bottom of the sampling cylinder 10 to the top, prevent the probe claw 20 from being blocked by sediment when it is closed, and at the same time, when the sampling cylinder 10 is inserted into the sediment, rotating the auger 221 can make it easier to press down the sampling cylinder 10.

[0039] As Figures 1 to 11 shown: The supporting labor-saving component 3 further includes a pair of second rotating shafts 32, a pair of second torsion springs 33 and a pair of supporting legs 34. The second rotating shaft 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed ring 30, and the top of the arc-shaped plate 31 is rotatably connected to the periphery of the second rotating shaft 32, realizing the hinged effect between the arc-shaped plate 31 and the fixed ring 30, so that the bottoms of the two arc-shaped plates 31 can be opened to both sides to push the sediment away. The second torsion spring 33 is sleeved on the periphery of the second rotating shaft 32. One end of the second torsion spring 33 is fixedly connected to the fixed ring 30, and the other end of the second torsion spring 33 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped plate 31. When the arc-shaped plate 31 is opened, the second torsion spring 33 is in a twisted state. After the sampling is completed, the arc-shaped plate 31 is taken out and the sampling cylinder 10 is inserted back into the fixed ring 30. Through the rotation of the second torsion spring 33, the arc-shaped plate 31 can be driven to close and fit with the periphery of the sampling cylinder 10. The two supporting legs 34 are respectively located on both sides of the sampling cylinder 10. The top of the supporting leg 34 is hinged to the arc-shaped plate 31. The supporting leg 34 is used to support the sampling cylinder 10 and fix the arc-shaped plate 31 in the sediment. The two supporting legs 34 are opened and inserted into the sediment together with the sampling cylinder 10. Then, the supporting legs 34 are fixed in the sediment through the resistance increasing mechanism 35. After the probing claws 20 are closed, the sampling cylinder 10 is pulled upward. Through the locking component 4, the fixed ring 30 follows the sampling cylinder 10 and rises at the same time. At this time, the top and middle parts of the arc-shaped plate 31 are respectively pulled in two directions, so that the bottom of it rotates upward around the second rotating shaft 32. At the same time, the top of the supporting leg 34 rotates a certain angle following the arc-shaped plate 31, so as to push the sediment at the bottom away through the arc-shaped plate 31. And during the rotation of the arc-shaped plate 31, the locking component 4 is unlocked. After the arc-shaped plate 31 is opened, the sampling cylinder 10 can be withdrawn from the fixed ring 30 to complete the sampling.

[0040] As Figures 1 to 11 shown: The support leg 34 includes a rod body 340, a rod head 341, a pair of clamping blocks 342, a pair of buttons 343, a pair of springs 344 and a resistance increasing mechanism 35. The top of the rod body 340 is rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the middle part of the arc-shaped plate 31 to achieve a hinged effect. The top of the rod head 341 is inserted and matched with the bottom of the rod body 340. The two clamping blocks 342 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the rod body 340. The clamping blocks 342 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the rod body 340. The bottom of the clamping blocks 342 is clamped and matched with the inner wall of the rod head 341. The buttons 343 are fixedly connected to the clamping blocks 342. The two buttons 343 respectively pass through the side walls at both ends of the rod body 340 and are slidably connected to it. The two ends of the spring 344 are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the two clamping blocks 342. The resistance increasing mechanism 35 is installed on the rod body 340. The resistance increasing mechanism 35 is used to increase the friction between the support rod and the sediment. Press the two buttons 343 simultaneously, so that the two clamping blocks 342 slide and approach each other simultaneously, squeezing the two springs 344 to compress them. Subsequently, the clamping blocks 342 are separated from the rod head 341, and the rod head 341 is pulled downward to extract it from the rod body 340, which can complete the disassembly and facilitate the cleaning of the sediment inside the support leg 34. After the cleaning is completed, insert the rod head 341 back into the rod body 340, and the spring 344 rebounds to push the clamping blocks 342 to reset to complete the installation.

[0041] As Figures 1 to 11 shown: Through slots 3400 are formed through both sides of the rod body 340. The resistance increasing mechanism 35 includes two pairs of rotating plates 350, a pair of sliding plates 351, a bidirectional screw 352 and a knob 353. One end of each pair of rotating plates 350 is hinged to each other. The opposite ends of each pair of rotating plates 350 are slidably connected to the through slots 3400. The sliding plates 351 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rod body 340. One end of each of the two sliding plates 351 is rotatably connected to the top of the two rotating plates 350 at the top, and the other end of each of the two sliding plates 351 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the two rotating plates 350 at the bottom. The bidirectional screw 352 passes through the two sliding plates 351 and is threadedly connected to them. The thread grooves on the two sliding plates 351 are in opposite directions. The top of the bidirectional screw 352 passes through the inner wall of the rod body 340 and is coaxially connected to the bottom of the knob 353. One side of the knob 353 passes through the side wall of the rod body 340 and is in contact with it. After the support leg 34 is inserted into the sediment, rotate the knob 353 to make the bidirectional screw 352 rotate. Through the threaded transmission between it and the sliding plates 351, drive the two sliding plates 351 to slide along the rod body 340 and approach each other, squeezing the two pairs of rotating plates 350, so that one end of them slides along the through slots 3400 and the other end is hinged and rotated, so that the two pairs of rotating plates 350 rotate simultaneously to push out the support leg 34, thereby increasing the contact area with the sediment and playing an anchoring role. When pulling up the sampling cylinder 10, a downward pulling force is provided for the arc-shaped plate 31.

[0042] As Figures 1 to 9 shown: The driving assembly 5 includes a motor 50, a first toothed ring 51, a hydraulic rod 52 and a plug 53. The bottom of the motor 50 is fixedly connected to the top of the control room 1. The output shaft of the motor 50 passes through the top wall of the control room 1 and is coaxially connected to the top of the round rod 220. The first toothed ring 51 is sleeved around the round rod 220 and is rotatably connected thereto. The bottom of the first toothed ring 51 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the control room 1. The top of the first toothed ring 51 is coaxially connected to the bottom of the turntable 210. One side of the hydraulic rod 52 is fixedly connected to the top of the turntable 210. The telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 52 is fixedly connected to one side of the plug 53. A slot 2200 is formed on one side of the round rod 220, and the plug 53 is inserted and matched with the other side of the slot 2200. When inserting the sampling cylinder 10 into the sediment, the hydraulic rod 52 is operated to drive the plug 53 out of the slot 2200. At this time, the motor 50 is powered on and operates, and its output shaft drives the round rod 220 to rotate, which can drive the auger 221 to work and lift the sediment in the sampling cylinder 10. When closing the probe claws 20, the hydraulic rod 52 is used to push the plug 53 into the slot 2200. At this time, the round rod 220 and the turntable 210 rotate coaxially. At the same time, the first toothed ring 51 rotates following the turntable 210, thereby driving the retracting and deploying mechanism 21 to work to close the probe claws 20.

[0043] As Figures 1 to 9 shown: The locking assembly 4 includes a pair of semi-circular blocks 40, a pair of insertion rods 41, a pair of rotating seats 42 and a pair of second toothed rings 43. The semi-circular blocks 40 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped plate 31. The semi-circular blocks 40 are located on the top of the support legs 34. Semi-circular grooves 100 are formed on both sides of the sampling cylinder 10, and the semi-circular grooves 100 are clamped and matched with the semi-circular blocks 40. The bottom of the insertion rod 41 passes through the side wall of the sampling cylinder 10 and the semi-circular block 40 and is slidably connected thereto. The rotating seat 42 is horizontally rotatably installed in the control room 1. The top of the insertion rod 41 passes through the bottom wall of the control room 1 and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating seat 42. The second toothed ring 43 is coaxially connected to the periphery of the rotating seat 42, and the second toothed ring 43 meshes with the first toothed ring 51. When the first toothed ring 51 rotates, through the meshing transmission between it and the second toothed ring 43, the second toothed ring 43 drives the rotating seat 42 to rotate, thereby driving the insertion rod 41 to move up and down through the threaded transmission between the rotating seat 42 and the insertion rod 41. When the arc-shaped plate 31 fits against the periphery of the sampling cylinder 10, the semi-circular block 40 is snapped into the semi-circular groove 100. At this time, the arc-shaped plate 31 is locked by the insertion rod 41 passing through the semi-circular block 40, so that the arc-shaped plate 31 and the sampling cylinder 10 move synchronously. When the probe claws 20 are closed, the insertion rod 41 disengages from the semi-circular block 40 to complete unlocking, so that the arc-shaped plate 31 can gradually open as the sampling cylinder 10 is lifted.

[0044] This embodiment also provides a sampling method for a soil sampling device based on chemical leaching, which includes the following steps. Step 1: Drive the auger 221 to rotate through the driving mechanism arranged inside the sampling cylinder 10. At the same time, press the handle to easily insert the sampling cylinder 10 into the sediment. Step 2: A retracting and releasing mechanism 21 is installed in the control room 1, which can drive a plurality of probe claws 20 at the bottom of the sampling cylinder 10 to close, preventing the loss of samples. At the same time, the locking component 4 is unlocked, and the arc plate 31 can rotate around the second rotating shaft 32. Step 3: Support legs 34 are arranged on the arc plate 31. Rotate the knob 353 on the support legs 34, and fix the support legs 34 in the sediment through the resistance increasing mechanism 35. Step 4: Pull the sampling cylinder 10 upward. Through the mutual contact between the semi-circular groove 100 and the semi-circular block 40, drive the arc plate 31 and the fixing ring 30 to rise. At the same time, through the pulling of the support legs 34, the bottom of the arc plate 31 is opened to both sides, which can push the sediment away to reduce friction. Step 5: After the semi-circular block 40 is separated from the semi-circular groove 100, continue to pull the sampling cylinder 10 to extract it from the fixing ring 30 to complete the sampling.

[0045] It should be noted that the above specific implementation manners are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, equivalent replacements, changes, etc. can be made to the present invention. However, as long as these transformations do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they should be within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, some terms used in the specification and claims of this application are not restrictive, but are only for the convenience of clearly describing the positional relationship and functions between various components.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device based on chemical leaching, comprising a control chamber (1), characterized in that: The control chamber (1) further comprises a sampling barrel (10), a plurality of probing claws (20), a fixing ring (30), a pair of arc-shaped plates (31), a sealing and leak-proof component (2), a supporting and labor-saving component (3), a locking component (4) and a driving component (5); the bottom of the control chamber (1) is fixedly connected to the top of the sampling barrel (10); the plurality of probing claws (20) are arranged in a circular pattern on the bottom of the sampling barrel (10); the top of the probing claws (20) is hinged to the bottom of the sampling barrel (10); the plurality of probing claws (20) can form a hollow conical structure; the fixing ring (30) is slidably connected to the periphery of the sampling barrel (10); the top of the arc-shaped plate (31) is hinged to the bottom of the fixing ring (30); the inner wall of the arc-shaped plate (31) is in contact with the periphery of the sampling barrel (10); The sealing and leak-proof component (2) comprises a retractable mechanism (21) and a lifting mechanism (22), both of which are mounted on the sampling tube (10), the retractable mechanism (21) is used to control the vertical rotation of the probe claw (20), and the lifting mechanism (22) is used to transport mud and sand to the top of the sampling tube (10), the supporting and labor-saving component (3) is mounted on the fixing ring (30), and the supporting and labor-saving component (3) is used to support the sampling tube (10), the locking component (4) and the driving component (5) are both mounted on the sampling tube (10), the locking component (4) is used to fix the arc plate (31), and the driving component (5) is used to drive the lifting mechanism (22) and the locking component (4) to work.

2. A soil sampling device based on chemical leaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing and leak-proof assembly (2) further comprises a plurality of first rotating shafts (23) and a plurality of first torsion springs (24); the top of the first rotating shaft (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sampling barrel (10); the top of the probe claw (20) is rotatably connected to the periphery of the first rotating shaft (23); the first torsion spring (24) is sleeved on the periphery of the first rotating shaft (23); one end of the first torsion spring (24) is fixedly connected to the sampling barrel (10); the other end of the first torsion spring (24) is fixedly connected to the probe claw (20); the retracting and releasing mechanism (21) comprises a rotating disk (210), a circular disk (211), a plurality of pull cables (212) and a plurality of pull rings (213); the rotating disk (210) can be The disc (211) is rotatably mounted in the control room (1), the disc (211) is rotatably connected to the periphery of the rotating disc (210), the periphery of the disc (211) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control room (1), a plurality of grooves (2110) are provided on the periphery of the disc (211), the grooves (2110) are snap-fitted with the cable (212), one end of the cable (212) is fixedly connected to the periphery of the rotating disc (210), the pull ring (213) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the probe claw (20), the pull ring (213) is located at the bottom of the first rotating shaft (23), and the other end of the cable (212) passes through the side wall of the sampling tube (10) and is fixedly connected to the pull ring (213).

3. A soil sampling device based on chemical leaching according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (22) comprises a round rod (220) and an auger (221); the top of the round rod (220) is rotatably connected to the top wall of the control chamber (1); the bottom of the round rod (220) passes through the bottom wall of the control chamber (1) and the top wall of the sampling tube (10) and is rotatably connected thereto; the top of the auger (221) is coaxially connected to the bottom of the round rod (220); and the outer periphery of the auger (221) is in contact with the inner wall of the sampling tube (10).

4. A soil sampling device based on chemical leaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support labor-saving component (3) further comprises a pair of second rotating shafts (32), a pair of second torsion springs (33) and a pair of supporting legs (34); the second rotating shaft (32) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing ring (30); the top of the arc-shaped plate (31) is rotatably connected to the periphery of the second rotating shaft (32); the second torsion spring (33) is sleeved on the periphery of the second rotating shaft (32); one end of the second torsion spring (33) is fixedly connected to the fixing ring (30); the other end of the second torsion spring (33) is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped plate (31); the two supporting legs (34) are respectively located on both sides of the sampling tube (10); the top of the supporting legs (34) is hinged to the arc-shaped plate (31); the supporting legs (34) are used to support the sampling tube (10) and fix the arc-shaped plate (31) in the mud and sand.

5. A soil sampling device based on chemical leaching according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support leg (34) comprises a rod body (340), a rod head (341), a pair of clamping blocks (342), a pair of buttons (343), a pair of springs (344) and a resistance increasing mechanism (35); the top of the rod body (340) is rotatably connected to the periphery of the middle part of the arc-shaped plate (31); the top of the rod head (341) is plug-fitted to the bottom of the rod body (340); two clamping blocks (342) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the rod body (340); the clamping blocks (342) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the rod body (340) The bottom of the clamping block (342) is clamped and matched with the inner wall of the rod head (341), the button (343) is fixedly connected to the clamping block (342), the two buttons (343) respectively pass through the side walls at both ends of the rod body (340) and are slidably connected thereto, the two ends of the spring (344) are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the two clamping blocks (342), and the resistance increasing mechanism (35) is installed on the rod body (340), and the resistance increasing mechanism (35) is used to increase the friction between the support rod and the mud and sand.

6. A soil sampling device based on chemical leaching according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both sides of the rod body (340) are provided with through-grooves (3400), and the resistance increasing mechanism (35) comprises two pairs of rotating plates (350), a pair of slide plates (351), a bidirectional screw rod (352) and a knob (353), and opposite ends of each pair of rotating plates (350) are hinged to each other, and opposite ends of each pair of rotating plates (350) are slidably connected to the groove (3400), and the slide plates (351) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rod body (340), and two ends of one of the slide plates (351) are respectively connected to the top The two rotating plates (350) at the top are rotatably connected to each other, and the two ends of the other slide plate (351) are respectively rotatably connected to the bottom of the two rotating plates (350) at the bottom. The bidirectional screw rod (352) passes through the two slide plates (351) and is threadedly connected thereto. The thread grooves on the two slide plates (351) are in opposite directions. The top of the bidirectional screw rod (352) passes through the inner wall of the rod body (340) and is coaxially connected to the bottom of the knob (353). One side of the knob (353) passes through the side wall of the rod body (340) and is in contact with it.

7. A soil sampling device based on chemical leaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (5) comprises a motor (50), a first gear ring (51), a hydraulic rod (52) and an insert block (53); the bottom of the motor (50) is fixedly connected to the top of the control chamber (1); the output shaft of the motor (50) passes through the top wall of the control chamber (1) and is coaxially connected to the top of the round rod (220); the first gear ring (51) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the round rod (220) and is rotatably connected thereto; the bottom of the first gear ring (51) is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the control chamber (1); the top of the first gear ring (51) is coaxially connected to the bottom of the rotating disk (210); one side of the hydraulic rod (52) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating disk (210); the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod (52) is fixedly connected to one side of the insert block (53); a slot (2200) is provided on one side of the round rod (220); the slot (2200) is plug-fitted with the other side of the insert block (53).

8. A soil sampling device based on chemical leaching according to claim 7, characterized in that: The locking assembly (4) comprises a pair of semicircular blocks (40), a pair of insertion rods (41), a pair of rotating seats (42) and a pair of second toothed rings (43). The semicircular blocks (40) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc plate (31). The semicircular blocks (40) are located at the top of the support legs (34). Semicircular grooves (100) are provided on both sides of the sampling tube (10). The semicircular grooves (100) are engaged with the semicircular blocks (40). The bottom of the insertion rod (41) passes through the side wall of the sampling tube (10) and the semicircular blocks (40) and is slidably connected thereto. The rotating seat (42) is horizontally rotatably installed in the control chamber (1). The top of the insertion rod (41) passes through the bottom wall of the control chamber (1) and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating seat (42). The second toothed ring (43) is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the rotating seat (42). The second toothed ring (43) and the first toothed ring (51) are meshed with each other.

9. The sampling method of the soil sampling device based on chemical leaching according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: The driving mechanism disposed inside the sampling tube (10) drives the auger (221) to rotate, and at the same time, the handle is pressed, so that the sampling tube (10) can be easily inserted into the mud and sand; Step 2: A retractable mechanism (21) is installed in the control room (1), which can drive the multiple probe claws (20) at the bottom of the sampling tube (10) to close to prevent the sample from being lost, and at the same time the locking assembly (4) is unlocked, and the arc plate (31) can rotate around the second rotation axis (32); Step 3: A support leg (34) is provided on the arc-shaped plate (31), and a knob (353) on the support leg (34) is turned to fix the support leg (34) in the mud and sand through the resistance increasing mechanism (35); Step 4: Pull the sampling tube (10) upwards, and the semicircular groove (100) and the semicircular block (40) come into contact with each other, driving the arc plate (31) and the fixing ring (30) to rise. At the same time, the bottom of the arc plate (31) is opened to both sides by pulling the supporting legs (34), so that the mud and sand can be pushed away to reduce friction; Step 5: After the semicircular block (40) is separated from the semicircular groove (100), the sampling tube (10) is continuously pulled out from the fixing ring (30) to complete the sampling.

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