Earthquake wave impact damage test device for rock-soil body slope model

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock-soil body slope model seismic wave impact damage test device. The device comprises a base; the test box is arranged on the base in a manner of moving back and forth; the rock-soil body slope model is arranged in the test box; the load uniform distribution device is arranged on the rear surface of the test box, and the sectional area of the load uniform distribution device is gradually reduced from front to back; the impact loading device is suitable for applying an impact load to the rear surface of the load uniform distribution device; the buffer device is arranged on the base and connected with the front surface of the test box, and the buffer device is suitable for buffering the forward movement of the test box; and the data acquisition system is suitable for acquiring test data of the rock-soil body slope model. According to the rock-soil body slope model seismic wave impact failure test device, the tensile failure effect of horizontal incident seismic waves on the slope back wave surface can be simulated, and the rock-soil body slope model seismic wave impact failure test device has the advantages of being high in pertinence to special seismic scenes, large in simulated impact peak value, accurate and reliable in test result and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and in particular to a rock and soil body slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device. Background Art

[0002] A large number of highways, hydropower stations, railways, airports and other projects need to be built within the scope of natural slopes. At the same time, the construction of some special projects will also add a large number of artificial slopes. Large-scale engineering construction will change the original natural environment and cause certain interference to the stability of natural slopes. In addition, the number of artificially constructed slopes is also increasing, and the stability of these slopes under earthquakes is uncertain. At present, the static stability analysis technology of slopes is relatively mature, but the research on the seismic dynamic stability of rock and soil slopes is still in the development stage.

[0003] Slope dynamic indoor model test is an important means to study the response of slopes under dynamic loads such as earthquakes.

[0004] In related technologies, simulation of rock and soil slopes under dynamic loads is mainly achieved through shaking table tests. The shaking table test simulates earthquake conditions by driving the upper model box and the rock and soil inside it to vibrate through the vibration of the base. The dynamic loading direction of the shaking table is single, and it is difficult to simulate seismic waves propagating from behind the slope. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact damage test device, which can simulate the tensile damage effect of horizontal incident seismic waves on the back wave surface of the slope, has the advantages of strong targeting for special earthquake scenes, large simulated impact peak value, accurate and reliable test results, etc.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a seismic wave impact destruction test device for a rock and soil slope model is provided, the rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device comprising: a base; a test box, the test box being movably arranged on the base forward and backward; a rock and soil slope model, the rock and soil slope model being arranged in the test box; a load distribution device, the load distribution device being arranged on the rear surface of the test box, the cross-sectional area of ​​the load distribution device gradually decreasing from front to back; an impact loading device, the impact loading device being suitable for applying an impact load to the rear surface of the load distribution device; a buffer device, the buffer device being arranged on the base and connected to the front surface of the test box, the buffer device being suitable for buffering the forward movement of the test box; and a data acquisition system, the data acquisition system being suitable for acquiring test data of the rock and soil slope model.

[0007] The rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device according to the embodiment of the present invention can simulate the tensile destruction effect of horizontally incident seismic waves on the back wave surface of the slope, and has the advantages of strong targeting for special earthquake scenes, large simulated impact peak value, accurate and reliable test results, etc.

[0008] In addition, the rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a track is provided on the base, and the test box is arranged on the track so as to be movable forward and backward.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of roller groups are provided on the test box, and each of the roller groups includes: a roller seat, which is provided on the test box; an upper roller, which is rotatably provided on the roller seat, the upper roller is located above the track and abuts against the upper surface of the track; and a lower roller, which is rotatably provided on the roller seat, the lower roller is located below the track and abuts against the lower surface of the track.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the impact loading device includes: a mounting seat, which is arranged above the test box; a pendulum, the upper end of which is swingably arranged on the mounting seat; and a pendulum, which is movably arranged on the pendulum along the length direction of the pendulum.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pendulum rod is provided with an external thread, the external thread is matched with an adjusting nut, and the pendulum is supported on the adjusting nut.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the buffer device is a damper.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rear end of the damper is rotatably connected to the front surface of the test box.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the data acquisition system includes: a digital speckle system, which is suitable for collecting morphological change data during the destruction process of the rock and soil slope model to form a destruction process image; a rock mass internal data acquisition device, which is buried in the rock mass slope model and is suitable for collecting test data in the rock and soil slope model; a comprehensive data collection device, which is electrically connected to the digital speckle system and the rock mass internal data acquisition device respectively to collect the test data collected by the digital speckle system and the rock mass internal data acquisition device; and a data processing and analysis device, which is suitable for processing and analyzing the test data collected by the comprehensive data collection device.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the rock mass internal data acquisition device includes one or more of an accelerometer, an earth pressure sensor, and a pore water pressure sensor.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the bottom wall of the test box is a metal piece, at least a portion of the side wall of the test box is a transparent material piece and the rest is a metal piece.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a seismic wave impact destruction test device for a rock and soil slope model according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure numerals: rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device 1, base 10, track 11, support 12, test box 20, roller group 21, roller seat 22, upper roller 23, lower roller 24, rock and soil slope model 30, load uniform distribution device 40, impact loading device 50, mounting seat 51, pendulum 52, pendulum 53, adjusting nut 54, buffer device 60, digital speckle system 71, rock internal data acquisition device 72, comprehensive data collection device 73, data processing and analysis device 74. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] This application is based on the inventor's discovery and understanding of the following facts and problems:

[0024] The simulation of rock and soil slopes under dynamic loads in related technologies is mainly achieved through shaking table tests. The shaking table test simulates earthquake conditions by driving the upper model box and the rock and soil inside it to vibrate through the vibration of the base. The dynamic loading direction of the shaking table is single, and it is difficult to simulate the seismic waves propagating from behind the slope.

[0025] After extensive research, the inventors of the present application discovered that during the destruction of many slopes, seismic waves propagate from the back of the slope, causing complex modes of destruction such as projectile landslides on the slope with relatively high intensity, while the shaking table test cannot simulate the dynamic load effect of such seismic waves on the slope.

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] The following describes a rock and soil slope model earthquake wave impact destruction test device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base 10, a test box 20, a rock and soil slope model 30, a load distribution device 40, an impact loading device 50, a buffer device 60 and a data acquisition system.

[0031] The test box 20 is arranged on the base 10 so as to be movable forward and backward (the up and down and front and back directions are shown by the arrows in the figure). The rock and soil slope model 30 is arranged in the test box 20. The load distribution device 40 is arranged on the rear surface of the test box 20, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the load distribution device 40 gradually decreases from front to back. The impact loading device 50 is suitable for applying an impact load to the rear surface of the load distribution device 40. The buffer device 60 is arranged on the base 10 and connected to the front surface of the test box 20, and the buffer device 60 is suitable for buffering the forward movement of the test box 20. The data acquisition system is suitable for collecting test data of the rock and soil slope model 30.

[0032] Specifically, firstly, a rock-soil slope model 30 is made in proportion in the test box 20. If the data acquisition system includes sensors for collecting data inside the rock mass, the sensors are buried at different depths and positions during the process of stacking and making the rock-soil slope model 30.

[0033] Adjust the positions of the test box 20 and the impact loading device 50 to ensure that the impact load is stably loaded. Turn on the data acquisition system and prepare to record data.

[0034] The impact loading device 50 is used to load the impact load to the load distribution device 40 and the test box 20. During the process, after the impact loading device 50 loads the impact load to the rear surface of the load distribution device 40, since the cross-sectional area of ​​the load distribution device 40 gradually decreases from front to back, the local impact load acting on the rear surface of the load distribution device 40 can be evenly dispersed to the front surface with a larger area, so that the impact load is evenly transmitted to the rear surface of the test box 20, and further evenly acts on the rock and soil slope model 30.

[0035] Record the data and analyze them.

[0036] After impact loading, the test box 20 moves forward due to the impact from the rear, and at the same time, the buffer device 60 buffers the forward movement of the test box 20, causing the test box 20 to gradually stop, so that the rock and soil slope model 30 can maintain its shape after destruction, avoiding the test box 20 from stopping suddenly and causing a secondary impact on the rock and soil slope model 30.

[0037] According to the rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact damage test device 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the impact loading device 50, the impact loading device 50 loads the impact load from the rear surface of the test box 20. Compared with the method of using a shaking table test in the related art, it is possible to load the incident stress wave from the rear of the rock and soil slope model 30, thereby simulating the action process of the horizontal incident seismic wave on the slope impact damage.

[0038] Furthermore, by arranging the test box 20 on the base 10 so as to be movable forward and backward, the stress wave attenuation effect of the test box 20's own stiffness can be weakened when an impact load is loaded from the rear, so that the impact load can act reliably on the rock and soil slope model 30, ensuring the impact peak value and improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0039] In addition, by setting up a load evenly distributing device 40, the cross-sectional area of ​​the load evenly distributing device 40 gradually decreases from front to back, so that the local impact load acting on the rear surface of the load evenly distributing device 40 can be evenly dispersed to the front surface with a larger area, so that the impact load is evenly transmitted to the rear surface of the test box 20, and further evenly acts on the rock and soil slope model 30, so that the impact load is closer to the actual propagation mode of seismic waves, and the accuracy and reliability of the test results are further improved.

[0040] Furthermore, by providing a buffer device 60, the forward movement of the test box 20 can be buffered. In this way, after impact loading, the test box 20 is impacted from the rear and moves forward. At the same time, the buffer device 60 buffers the forward movement of the test box 20, causing the test box 20 to gradually stop, so that the rock and soil slope model 30 can maintain its shape after being destroyed, thereby avoiding a secondary impact on the rock and soil slope model 30 caused by an emergency stop of the test box 20. This makes it easier to analyze and study the shape of the rock and soil slope model 30 after being destroyed, thereby avoiding the secondary impact on the shape of the rock and soil slope model 30 and affecting the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0041] Therefore, the rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention can simulate the tensile destruction effect of horizontally incident seismic waves on the back wave surface of the slope, and has the advantages of strong targeting for special earthquake scenes, large simulated impact peak value, and accurate and reliable test results.

[0042] The following describes a rock and soil slope model earthquake wave impact destruction test device 1 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base 10, a test box 20, a rock and soil slope model 30, a load distribution device 40, an impact loading device 50, a buffer device 60 and a data acquisition system.

[0044] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a track 11 is provided on the base 10, and the test box 20 is arranged on the track 11 so as to be movable forward and backward. In this way, the track 11 can be used to guide the movement of the test box 20, so that the forward and backward movement of the test box 20 is more stable, and the component forces in other directions can be avoided, thereby further improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0045] More specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of roller groups 21 are provided on the test box 20, and each roller group 21 includes a roller seat 22, an upper roller 23 and a lower roller 24. The roller seat 22 is provided on the test box 20. The upper roller 23 is rotatably provided on the roller seat 22, and the upper roller 23 is located above the track 11 and abuts against the upper surface of the track 11. The lower roller 24 is rotatably provided on the roller seat 22, and the lower roller 24 is located below the track 11 and abuts against the lower surface of the track 11. Specifically, there are a plurality of roller groups 21 and they are spaced apart along the length direction of the track 11. In this way, the friction between the test box 20 and the track 11 can be reduced, so as to facilitate the sliding of the test box 20 and further reduce the stress wave attenuation effect of the stiffness of the test box 20.

[0046] Specifically, the track 11 is arranged on the base 10 through the support 12 so that the track 11 is spaced apart from the base 10. This makes it easier to arrange the lower roller 24.

[0047] Advantageously, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the impact loading device 50 includes a mounting seat 51, a pendulum 52 and a pendulum 53. The mounting seat 51 is arranged above the test box 20. It should be understood here that "the mounting seat 51 is arranged above the test box 20" does not mean that the mounting seat 51 is installed directly above the test box 20, but only that the height of the mounting seat 51 is higher than the test box 20. The mounting seat 51 can be installed on a ceiling or a bracket. The upper end of the pendulum 52 is swingably arranged on the mounting seat 51. The pendulum 53 can be movably arranged on the pendulum 52 along the length direction of the pendulum 52. In this way, the impact load can be loaded to the load uniform distribution device 40 through the swing of the pendulum 53, so as to facilitate the loading of the impact load, and the pendulum 53 can be moved along the length direction of the pendulum 52 to adjust the height of the position of the pendulum 53, so as to facilitate the simulation of earthquake waves of different intensities. Specifically, the weight of the pendulum 53 can also be adjusted according to the test needs, so as to simulate earthquake waves of different intensities through the combination of different release heights and different weights.

[0048] More advantageously, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the pendulum 52 is provided with an external thread, and the external thread is matched with an adjusting nut 54, and the pendulum 53 is supported on the adjusting nut 54. In this way, the position of the adjusting nut 54 on the pendulum 52 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting nut 54, thereby adjusting the position of the pendulum 53 on the pendulum 52, and realizing the adjustment of the height of the pendulum 53.

[0049] Optionally, the buffer device 60 is a damper, which can be used to produce a damping effect on the forward movement of the test box 20, so that the test box 20 can be stopped slowly and gradually after being subjected to an impact load.

[0050] Furthermore, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the rear end of the damper is rotatably connected to the front surface of the test box 20. This can avoid the connection between the damper and the test box 20 from causing unnecessary constraints on the test box 20, thereby avoiding affecting the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0051] Figure 1 The present invention shows a rock and soil slope model earthquake wave impact damage test device 1 according to some examples of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the data acquisition system includes a digital speckle system 71, a rock mass internal data acquisition device 72, a comprehensive data collection device 73 and a data processing and analysis device 74. The digital speckle system 71 is suitable for collecting morphological change data during the destruction process of the rock and soil slope model 30 to form a destruction process image. The rock mass internal data acquisition device 72 is buried in the rock and soil slope model 30 and is suitable for collecting test data in the rock and soil slope model 30. The comprehensive data collection device 73 is electrically connected to the digital speckle system 71 and the rock mass internal data acquisition device 72 respectively to collect the test data collected by the digital speckle system 71 and the rock mass internal data acquisition device 72. The data processing and analysis device 74 is suitable for processing and analyzing the test data collected by the comprehensive data collection device 73. In this way, the test data of the rock and soil slope model 30 can be collected from the outside and the inside respectively, and comprehensively collected, processed and analyzed.

[0052] Specifically, the rock mass internal data acquisition device 72 includes one or more of an accelerometer, an earth pressure sensor, and a pore water pressure sensor, so as to facilitate the acquisition of different data in the rock mass slope model 30 .

[0053] Advantageously, the bottom wall of the test box 20 is a metal piece, and at least a portion of the side wall of the test box 20 is a transparent material piece and the rest is a metal piece. Specifically, at least a portion of the side wall of the test box 20 is a transparent acrylic material piece. In this way, it is convenient to observe and record the changes of the rock and soil slope model 30 in the test box 20 while ensuring the structural strength.

[0054] Reference below Figure 1 and Figure 2 The test process of the rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0055] The rock-soil slope model 30 is made in proportion in the test box 20. In the process of stacking and making the rock-soil slope model 30, appropriate numbers and types of rock-soil internal data acquisition devices 72 are placed at different depths and positions.

[0056] The positions of the test box 20 and the impact loading device 50 are adjusted so that the rear end surface of the load distribution device 40 is flush with the end surface of the pendulum 53 to ensure stable impact.

[0057] The data processing and analysis device 74 is turned on, the comprehensive data collection device 73 is turned on, and the digital speckle system 71 is turned on.

[0058] The pendulum 53 is released from a suitable height to impact the load distribution device 40 and the test box 20 .

[0059] Record data and analyze data.

[0060] Other structures and operations of the rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to ordinary technicians in the field and will not be described in detail here.

[0061] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0062] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact damage test device, characterized in that: include: Pedestal; A test box, the test box is arranged on the base so as to be movable forward and backward; A rock and soil slope model, wherein the rock and soil slope model is arranged in the test box; A load distribution device, the load distribution device is arranged on the rear surface of the test box, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the load distribution device gradually decreases from front to back; An impact loading device, the impact loading device is suitable for applying an impact load to the rear surface of the load distribution device; A buffer device, the buffer device is arranged on the base and connected to the front surface of the test box, the buffer device is suitable for buffering the forward movement of the test box; A data acquisition system, wherein the data acquisition system is suitable for acquiring test data of the rock and soil slope model.

2. The rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact damage test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The base is provided with a track, and the test box is arranged on the track so as to be movable forward and backward.

3. The rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The test box is provided with a plurality of roller groups, each of which includes: A roller seat, wherein the roller seat is arranged on the test box; An upper roller, the upper roller being rotatably disposed on the roller seat, the upper roller being located above the track and abutting against an upper surface of the track; A lower roller is rotatably arranged on the roller seat, and the lower roller is located below the track and abuts against the lower surface of the track.

4. The rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The impact loading device comprises: A mounting seat, the mounting seat being arranged above the test box; A swing rod, the upper end of which is swingably disposed on the mounting seat; A pendulum is disposed on the pendulum rod so as to be movable along the length direction of the pendulum rod.

5. The rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The pendulum rod is provided with an external thread, the external thread is matched with an adjusting nut, and the pendulum is supported on the adjusting nut.

6. The rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The buffer device is a damper.

7. The rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact damage test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rear end of the damper is rotatably connected to the front surface of the test box.

8. The rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition system comprises: A digital speckle system, wherein the digital speckle system is suitable for collecting morphological change data of the rock and soil slope model during the destruction process to form a destruction process image; A rock mass internal data acquisition device, wherein the rock mass internal data acquisition device is buried in the rock mass slope model and is suitable for collecting test data in the rock mass slope model; An integrated data collection device, the integrated data collection device being electrically connected to the digital speckle system and the rock mass internal data collection device respectively to collect the test data collected by the digital speckle system and the rock mass internal data collection device; A data processing and analysis device is suitable for processing and analyzing the test data collected by the comprehensive data collection device.

9. The rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rock mass internal data acquisition device includes one or more of an accelerometer, an earth pressure sensor, and a pore water pressure sensor.

10. The rock and soil slope model seismic wave impact destruction test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the test box is a metal piece, at least a portion of the side wall of the test box is a transparent material piece and the rest is a metal piece.

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