Mass concrete intelligent temperature control system

Abstract

The invention discloses a mass concrete intelligent temperature control system, and relates to the technical field of concrete temperature control, the system comprises a sensor monitoring module, a data collector, a data transmission module, a central control module, an execution mechanism and a data recording and remote monitoring module; by integrating the sensor monitoring module, the data collector, the data transmission module and the central control module, real-time monitoring and accurate analysis of key parameters in the concrete and in the construction environment are achieved, and a temperature and humidity prediction unit in the central control module can predict the temperature and humidity of the concrete by means of a finite element analysis method and a CFMH dynamic prediction formula. According to the method, the temperature and humidity trends of the concrete in different time and areas can be accurately predicted, the concrete quality problem caused by temperature and humidity fluctuation is greatly reduced, the quality stability of concrete construction is improved, a scientific and reliable decision basis is provided for constructors, the construction process is optimized, and the construction cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of concrete temperature control, and specifically provides a large-volume concrete intelligent temperature control system. Background Art

[0002] In the field of construction engineering, large-volume concrete is widely used, especially in the construction of large-scale infrastructure such as bridges, dams, and high-rise buildings. During the construction and hardening process of concrete, a large amount of heat is released due to the hydration reaction of cement inside. If the temperature control is improper, it may lead to an increase in the internal temperature of the concrete, causing problems such as excessive internal and external temperature differences and temperature cracks, seriously affecting the project quality and safety. At the same time, the humidity of the concrete is also a key factor affecting its performance and durability. Therefore, how to effectively monitor and control the temperature and humidity of large-volume concrete during the construction process has always been a key issue of concern in the construction industry.

[0003] Traditional methods for concrete temperature and humidity control mostly rely on manual operation and empirical judgment, lacking systematicness and intelligence. For example, construction workers often use hand-held thermometers and hygrometers to measure the concrete irregularly, and manually adjust the cooling system, heating device, humidification or dehumidification equipment according to the measurement results. This method not only has low work efficiency but is also easily interfered by human factors, resulting in low control accuracy and being difficult to meet the complex and changeable temperature and humidity control requirements in the construction of large-volume concrete. In addition, traditional methods also lack the ability to predict the future trend of concrete temperature and humidity, and are unable to take preventive measures in advance. They often only take remedial measures after problems occur, causing unnecessary waste and losses.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a large-volume concrete intelligent temperature control system to achieve remote monitoring and intelligent management of the concrete construction process, improve construction efficiency and management level, and contribute to the intelligent development of the construction industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the deficiencies of the existing technology and provide a large-volume concrete intelligent temperature control system. This system integrates multiple modules such as sensor monitoring, data collection, transmission, central control, and actuators, realizing intelligent temperature and humidity monitoring throughout the entire process of concrete construction. Through accurate temperature and humidity prediction and dynamic regulation, the system can effectively avoid quality problems caused by abnormal temperature and humidity of the concrete, improve construction efficiency and quality stability. At the same time, its remote monitoring and alarm functions provide a convenient operation experience and safety guarantee for construction workers.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A large-volume concrete intelligent temperature control system, which includes a sensor monitoring module, a data collector, a data transmission module, a central control module, an actuator, and a data recording and remote monitoring module;

[0007] The sensor monitoring module: It is composed of a temperature sensor, an anemometer, a humidity sensor and a solar radiation sensor, which are respectively installed at key positions inside the concrete and at the construction site, and send the measured data to the data collector in the form of electrical signals or wireless signals;

[0008] The data collector: Receives the signals from the sensor monitoring module, amplifies, filters and performs analog-to-digital conversion on them, and converts the signals into digital signals;

[0009] The data transmission module: Adopts a wired transmission method to transmit the data processed by the data collector to the central control module;

[0010] The central control module includes a temperature and humidity prediction unit and a regulation instruction generation unit. The temperature and humidity prediction unit creates a heat conduction model by integrating the thermophysical parameters of the concrete itself and the real-time environmental factors during construction, predicts the temperature trend of concrete in different regions at different times through the finite element analysis method according to the heat conduction model, and predicts the humidity trend of the concrete through the CFMH dynamic prediction formula; The regulation instruction generation unit adjusts the cooling water flow rate, temperature and the operating parameters of the heating device in real time through the concrete temperature control adjustment formula according to the prediction results of the temperature and humidity prediction unit, adjusts the power of the humidification and dehumidification equipment through the concrete humidity equipment power adjustment formula, generates adjustment instructions, and transmits the regulation instructions to the actuator;

[0011] The actuator: Includes a cooling water circulation system, a heating device, a humidification device and a dehumidification device;

[0012] The data recording and remote monitoring module: Has a data recording function, automatically records the concrete temperature data in each time period, generates temperature change curves and reports, and provides intuitive data analysis and comparison for construction personnel. At the same time, it supports remote monitoring and alarm functions, allowing construction personnel to remotely access the system interface through mobile phones, computer terminal devices, view the temperature and humidity data and control status of the concrete in real time. Once the system detects an abnormal situation, it immediately triggers the alarm mechanism and notifies relevant personnel by text message and email.

[0013] Furthermore, the installation positions of the sensors in the sensor monitoring module:

[0014] Installation position of the temperature sensor: Install temperature sensors in the central area inside the mass concrete, at different depths from the concrete surface and at the edge of the concrete;

[0015] Installation position of the humidity sensor: Near the surface inside the concrete, at the ventilation openings, shaded areas and near the concrete pouring area in the construction site environment;

[0016] Anemometer installation location: on a dedicated meteorological tower around the construction site;

[0017] Solar radiation sensor installation location: installed on a relatively high platform within the construction site.

[0018] Furthermore, the representation of the thermophysical parameters of concrete in the heat conduction model in the central control module. Let the thermal conductivity be λ, the specific heat capacity be c, and the density be ρ. According to Fourier's law of heat conduction, the heat flux density q and the temperature gradient The relationship between them is: Using the heat conduction equation to represent the influence of the thermophysical parameters of concrete on heat transfer in concrete, the formula is: where T represents temperature and t represents time, is the gradient operator, and Q represents the heat of hydration of cement.

[0019] Furthermore, the representation of real-time environmental factors in the heat conduction model in the central control module. Let the environmental temperature be T env , the wind speed be v, and the humidity be The solar radiation intensity be I solar , and the influence of environmental factors on heat transfer in concrete is represented through the comprehensive environmental heat exchange term Q env . The calculation formula is: where h conv is the convective heat transfer coefficient, and the formula is: h comv =k 1 v 1 / 2 , where k 1 is a constant, h rad is the radiative heat transfer coefficient, and the formula is: h rad =∈σ, ∈ is the emissivity of the concrete surface, and σ is a constant, is the term related to evaporative heat dissipation, and the formula is: where k 2 and k 3 are constants related to humidity and temperature.

[0020] Furthermore, the central control module predicts the temperature trend of concrete in different regions at different times through the finite element analysis method according to the heat conduction model. The concrete structure is divided into multiple tiny finite element units. Let the concrete structure be divided into N units. For the i-th unit, according to the energy balance equation, the formula is: where C i =ρ i c i V i is the heat capacity of unit i, V i is the volume of unit i, and K ijIt is the element of the heat conduction matrix between unit i and unit j, representing the heat conduction capacity between units. The formula is: where A ij is the contact area between adjacent units, L ij is the distance between the centers of the units, Q i is the heat of hydration of cement inside unit i. The formula is: where Q 0i is the maximum value of the heat of hydration inside unit i, k 4 is the heat of hydration release rate constant, which is obtained by discretizing the above equation with respect to time: where the superscripts n and n + 1 represent time steps n and n + 1. By solving the system of equations, the temperature of each unit at different time steps is obtained, and the change process of the internal temperature field of the concrete is simulated.

[0021] Furthermore, in the central control module, the trend of the humidity of the concrete is predicted by the CFMH dynamic prediction formula. The formula is: where H (x，y，z) is the predicted humidity of the concrete in the region with coordinates (x, y, z) at time t, H 0(x，y，z) is the humidity of the concrete in the region with coordinates (x, y, z) at the initial time t = 0, α is the environmental humidity influence coefficient, H env(t) represents the environmental humidity at time t, β is the wind speed influence coefficient, v (t) is the wind speed at time t, and t represents time.

[0022] Furthermore, in the central control module, the flow rate, temperature of the cooling water, and the operating parameters of the heating device are adjusted in real time by the concrete temperature control regulation formula. The formula is: F water = F 0 + k 8 ·C adj ; T water = T 0 + k 9 ·C adj ; P heat = P 0 + k 10 ·C adj where C adj is the comprehensive regulation coefficient, k 5 、k 6 、k 7 are the weight coefficients, T pre is the temperature of the concrete at a future moment predicted by the heat conduction model, T safe is the concrete temperature safety threshold, represents the change rate of the predicted temperature, S env is the environmental influence factor. The formula is: T env is the ambient temperature, T ref is the reference ambient temperature, v is the wind speed, is the humidity, is the reference humidity, w 1 、w 2 、w 3 is the weight coefficient corresponding to the environmental factor, C adj is the comprehensive regulation coefficient, F water is the adjusted cooling water flow rate, F 0 is the initial cooling water flow rate, k 8 is the cooling water flow rate adjustment coefficient, T water is the adjusted cooling water temperature, T 0 is the initial cooling water temperature, k 9 is the cooling water temperature adjustment coefficient, P heat is the adjusted operating power of the heating device, P 0 is the initial operating power of the heating device, k 10 is the heating device power adjustment coefficient.

[0023] Furthermore, in the central control module, the humidifying and dehumidifying devices are adjusted by the concrete humidity equipment power adjustment formula. Let the power adjustment coefficient of the humidifying device be P h , and the power adjustment coefficient of the dehumidifying device be P d . The calculation formula is: where H set is the set value of the concrete humidity, k 11 and k 12 are proportional constants, v max is the maximum wind speed that may occur at the construction site.

[0024] Furthermore, the abnormal conditions in the data recording and remote monitoring module are:

[0025] Temperature abnormality: excessive temperature difference, abnormal heating / cooling rate and abnormal heating / cooling rate;

[0026] Humidity abnormality: excessive humidity value, too low humidity value and abnormal humidity fluctuation;

[0027] Equipment failure: sensor failure, actuator failure and data transmission failure;

[0028] Environmental factor abnormality: sudden change in the construction site environment.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, this large-volume concrete intelligent temperature control system has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present invention integrates a sensor monitoring module, a data collector, a data transmission module, and a central control module to achieve real-time monitoring and accurate analysis of key parameters inside concrete and in the construction environment. The temperature and humidity prediction unit in the central control module can accurately predict the temperature and humidity trends of concrete at different times and in different areas by means of the finite element analysis method and the CFMH dynamic prediction formula, greatly reducing the concrete quality problems caused by temperature and humidity fluctuations. This not only improves the quality stability of concrete construction but also provides scientific and reliable decision-making basis for construction personnel, helping to optimize the construction process and reduce construction costs.

[0031] 2. The present invention, through the regulation instruction generation unit in the central control module, adjusts the flow rate and temperature of the cooling water, as well as the operating parameters of heating devices, humidifying equipment, and dehumidifying equipment in real time according to the temperature and humidity prediction results to ensure that the concrete is always in the optimal temperature and humidity environment. This intelligent regulation method not only improves the response speed and accuracy of temperature and humidity control but also avoids the errors and delays that may occur in the traditional manual regulation method. In addition, with the support of the data recording and remote monitoring module, construction personnel can remotely access the system interface through mobile phones, computer terminal devices at any time and place to view the temperature and humidity data and control status of the concrete in real time, further enhancing the convenience and efficiency of construction management. This not only promotes the intelligent development of concrete construction technology but also provides reference for the intelligent transformation of similar engineering fields.

[0032] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the present invention will be described to some extent in the subsequent specification, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the study of the following text, or can be learned from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can obtain other drawings without creative efforts based on these drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of an intelligent temperature control system for mass concrete;

[0035] Figure 2 It is an architecture diagram of an intelligent temperature control system for mass concrete;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a connection and monitoring layout diagram of a concrete temperature control device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0037] To further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended invention purpose, the following, in conjunction with the attached drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation manners, structures, features and their effects of the present invention as follows.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] Construction of a large-scale water conservancy project dam

[0040] Project overview and system preliminary preparation: For a large-scale water conservancy project dam, the concrete pouring volume of the dam body reaches millions of cubic meters. In the project planning stage, according to the structural characteristics of the dam and the temperature control requirements, a large-volume concrete intelligent temperature control system is designed and built. In view of the differences in the hydration heat and heat dissipation of concrete in different parts of the dam, the installation layout of sensors is accurately planned.

[0041] Sensor installation and initial state setting of the system operation: In the central area inside the dam concrete, high-precision temperature sensors are installed at regular intervals (such as 5 meters) to monitor the temperature changes in the core area of the concrete. At different depths of 0.5 meters, 1 meter, and 2 meters from the concrete surface and at the edge of the concrete, temperature sensors are arranged according to a certain grid density (such as a 3-meter × 3-meter grid) to ensure a comprehensive grasp of the internal temperature distribution of the concrete. Humidity sensors are installed 0.2 meters from the surface inside the concrete and are also set at the ventilation openings, shaded areas, and near the concrete pouring area at the construction site respectively, for real-time collection of the internal humidity of the concrete and the ambient humidity. An anemometer is installed on a specially built meteorological tower in the open area around the construction site, and its height is strictly calculated to ensure accurate measurement of wind speed data without interference. A solar radiation sensor is installed on a high and unobstructed platform inside the construction site, and its orientation and angle are accurately calibrated according to the local solar movement trajectory. After all sensors are installed, a comprehensive commissioning is carried out to ensure their normal operation and the transmission of initial data to the data collector. At the same time, according to the design requirements of the dam concrete and the local climate conditions, the initial operation parameters of the cooling water flow rate, temperature, and heating device power are determined.

[0042] Data collection and transmission during the construction process: During the construction of the dam concrete pouring, various sensors in the sensor monitoring module continuously work. Temperature sensors, anemometers, humidity sensors, and solar radiation sensors convert the measured physical quantities into electrical signals or wireless signals and transmit them to the data collector in real time. The data collector amplifies and filters the received signals to remove noise and interference in the signals, and then converts the analog signals into digital signals through a high-precision analog-to-digital conversion chip. Subsequently, the data collector stably transmits the processed data to the central control module in a wired transmission manner through the laid dedicated cables, ensuring the accuracy and real-time nature of data transmission.

[0043] Temperature and Humidity Prediction and Regulation Decision: After the central control module receives the data, the temperature and humidity prediction unit starts to work. It first obtains the thermophysical parameters of the concrete itself, such as the thermal conductivity λ, specific heat capacity c, density ρ, and the real-time environmental factors during construction, including the environmental temperature T env , wind speed v, humidity φ, and solar radiation intensity I solar , creates a heat conduction model by integrating the thermophysical parameters of the concrete itself and the real-time environmental factors during construction. The representation of the thermophysical parameters of the concrete itself in the heat conduction model. According to Fourier's law of heat conduction, the heat flux density q and the temperature gradient The relationship between them is: Use the heat conduction equation to represent the influence of the thermophysical parameters of the concrete itself on the heat transfer of the concrete. The calculation formula is: The representation of real-time environmental factors in the heat conduction model. Let the environmental temperature be T env , wind speed v, humidity φ, and solar radiation intensity I solar , represents the influence of environmental factors on the heat transfer of the concrete through the comprehensive environmental heat exchange term Q env , and the calculation formula is: Q env =h conv (T - T env ) + h rad (I solar - σT 4 ) + h evap (φ, T). Using the finite element analysis method, the dam concrete structure is divided into thousands of tiny finite element units. For each unit, complex calculations are carried out according to the energy balance equation. The calculation formula is: By discretizing the above equation in time, we can get: Solve the system of equations to obtain the temperature of each unit at different time steps, simulate the change process of the internal temperature field of the concrete, predict the temperature trend of the concrete in different regions at different times in the future. At the same time, predict the humidity trend of the concrete through the CFMH dynamic prediction formula. The formula is: For example, during the high-temperature period in summer, it is predicted that the temperature of the concrete in a certain area of the dam body will continue to rise and approach the upper limit of the safety threshold within the next 3 days, and the humidity will decrease due to water evaporation. According to these prediction results, the regulation instruction generation unit adjusts the cooling water flow rate, temperature, and the operating parameters of the heating device in real time through the concrete temperature control regulation formula. The formula is: F water =F 0 + k 8 ·C adj ; F water =F 0 + k 9 ·C adj ; P heat= P 0 + K 10 · C adj , (Prevent the temperature difference between the surface and the interior of the concrete from being too large due to too rapid cooling), and at the same time, according to the power adjustment formula of the concrete humidity equipment, determine to start the humidification equipment and adjust its power. The calculation formula is: To maintain a suitable humidity environment for the concrete.

[0044] Response and regulation operations of the actuator: After receiving the regulation instructions issued by the central control module, the actuator responds quickly. The cooling water circulation system adjusts the pump speed according to the instructions, increases the cooling water flow rate, and at the same time adjusts the water temperature in the cooling water tank to reach the set value. The heating device adjusts the power according to the instructions to appropriately heat the concrete to ensure uniform temperature inside the concrete. The humidification equipment starts and adjusts the working intensity according to the calculated power adjustment coefficient, sprays water mist on the concrete surface to increase the humidity. During the entire regulation process, the operating status of the actuator is fed back to the central control module in real time to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the regulation operation.

[0045] Data recording, remote monitoring and exception handling: The data recording and remote monitoring module records various data during the construction process of the dam concrete in detail. At regular time intervals (such as every 15 minutes), the concrete temperature data is recorded, and a temperature change curve and report are generated to visually display the change trend of the concrete temperature over time. Construction personnel and management personnel can remotely access the system interface through mobile phones, computer terminal devices, using dedicated monitoring software or web platforms. During remote monitoring, once the system detects abnormal temperature, abnormal humidity, equipment failure or abnormal environmental factors, the system immediately triggers an alarm mechanism, and the alarm information is sent to relevant personnel via text message and email at the same time, including the on-site construction person in charge and technical engineers. After receiving the alarm information, the relevant personnel quickly check the system data, analyze the cause of the abnormality, and take corresponding measures to solve the problem through remote operation or going to the site to ensure the construction quality and safety of the dam.

[0046] In summary, in the construction of large-scale water conservancy project dams, the intelligent temperature control system for mass concrete is indispensable. By reasonably installing various sensors, it can accurately collect key data inside the dam concrete and the construction environment. The central control module predicts the temperature and humidity trends based on these data, and then regulates the actuator to ensure the stability of the concrete temperature and humidity. The data recording and remote monitoring module provides convenience for construction management, and alarms in case of abnormalities in a timely manner. This system effectively avoids concrete cracks, ensures the structural safety of the dam, improves the construction quality, reduces the later maintenance cost, is of great significance to the long-term stable operation of water conservancy projects, and strongly promotes the development of large-scale water conservancy infrastructure construction.

[0047] Embodiment 2:

[0048] Construction of the raft foundation of high-rise buildings

[0049] Project background and system planning: For a certain high-rise commercial building with [X] floors above ground and [Y] floors underground, the raft foundation is adopted. Since the raft foundation bears the weight of the entire building, the quality of its concrete construction is crucial. Therefore, before construction, a large-volume concrete intelligent temperature control system was specifically designed, and each component of the system was detailedly planned according to the size, thickness of the raft and the construction schedule plan.

[0050] Sensor installation and system parameter initialization: Before the concrete pouring of the raft foundation, the sensor installation work is carried out. In the central area inside the raft concrete and at different depths of 0.3 m, 0.6 m, and 0.9 m along the thickness direction of the raft, temperature sensors are installed at certain intervals (such as 2 m). In the edge part of the raft, the sensor layout is appropriately densified to more accurately monitor the temperature change in the edge area. The humidity sensor is installed 0.1 m close to the surface inside the concrete. At the same time, multiple humidity sensors are set at well-ventilated positions, shaded places and near the raft pouring area at the construction site to ensure comprehensive acquisition of humidity information. The anemometer is installed on the meteorological tower in the open space around the construction site, and the height meets the requirements of meteorological observation standards. The solar radiation sensor is installed on a high unobstructed platform in the site to ensure that it can accurately measure the solar radiation intensity. After the sensor installation is completed, the system parameters are initialized. In the central control module, according to the design strength grade of the raft concrete and the characteristics of the construction season, the initial operating parameters of the cooling water flow rate, temperature and heating device power are determined.

[0051] Data acquisition and transmission process during construction: During the concrete pouring and curing of the raft, the sensors in the sensor monitoring module continuously acquire data. The temperature sensor, anemometer, humidity sensor and solar radiation sensor convert the acquired physical quantities into corresponding signals and send them to the data collector through wireless transmission or wired transmission. The data collector amplifies and filters the received signals to improve the signal quality, and then performs analog-to-digital conversion to convert the analog signal into a digital signal. The processed data is transmitted to the central control module through the wired network to ensure the stable transmission and accuracy of the data.

[0052] Formulation of temperature and humidity prediction and control strategies: After the temperature and humidity prediction unit of the central control module obtains the thermophysical parameters of the concrete itself and the real-time environmental factor data during construction, a heat conduction model is created by integrating the thermophysical parameters of the concrete itself and the real-time environmental factors during construction. The representation of the thermophysical parameters of the concrete itself in the heat conduction model is as follows: Let the thermal conductivity be λ, the specific heat capacity be c, and the density be ρ. According to Fourier's law of heat conduction, the relationship between the heat flux density q and the temperature gradient is as follows: The influence of the thermophysical parameters of concrete itself on the heat transfer of concrete is expressed by the heat conduction equation, and the calculation formula is: The representation of real-time environmental factors in the heat conduction model. Let the environmental temperature be T env , the wind speed be v, the humidity be φ, and the solar radiation intensity be I solar , through the comprehensive environmental heat exchange term Q env to represent the influence of environmental factors on the heat transfer of concrete, and the calculation formula is: Q env = h conv (T - T env ) + h rad (I solar - σT 4 ) + h evap (φ, T). The finite element analysis method is used to model and analyze the raft concrete. The raft is divided into multiple finite element units. By solving the energy balance equation, assuming that the concrete structure is divided into N units, for the i-th unit, according to the energy balance equation, the calculation formula is: By discretizing the above equation in time, we can obtain: At the same time, the CFMH dynamic prediction formula is used to predict the trend of concrete humidity, and the formula is: For example, during winter construction, it is predicted that the temperature of the concrete in a certain area of the raft will drop below the lower limit of the safety threshold within the next 2 days, and the humidity may decrease due to the freezing of water. According to the prediction results, the control instruction generation unit uses the concrete temperature control adjustment formula, and the formula is: F water = F 0 + k 8 ·C adj ; T water = T 0 + k 9 ·C adj ; P heat = P 0 + k 10 ·C adj , calculate that it is necessary to reduce the cooling water flow rate, increase the cooling water temperature, and increase the power of the heating device. At the same time, according to the concrete humidity equipment power adjustment formula, the calculation formula is: Determine to start the humidification equipment and adjust its power to maintain a suitable humidity and temperature environment for the concrete.

[0053] Operation of the actuator and feedback of the regulation effect: After receiving the regulation instruction from the central control module, the actuator immediately performs the corresponding operation. The cooling water circulation system adjusts the operating frequency of the cooling water pump to reduce the flow rate of the cooling water. At the same time, it adjusts the heating device of the cooling water tank to increase the temperature of the cooling water. The heating device increases its power to heat the concrete and prevent the concrete from freezing. The humidification device starts and operates according to the set power to supplement moisture to the surface of the concrete. During the regulation process, the operating status information of the actuator is real-time fed back to the central control module, and the central control module adjusts the regulation strategy in real-time according to the feedback information to ensure that the regulation effect meets the expectation.

[0054] Data recording, remote monitoring and emergency handling: The data recording and remote monitoring module details the data of temperature and humidity during the construction process of the raft concrete. Taking the time series as the axis, it records the concrete temperature data for each time period and generates a temperature change curve and report to provide data support for the construction quality analysis. Construction personnel and management personnel can remotely access the system interface through the mobile phone APP or computer software to view the temperature and humidity data and control status of the raft concrete in real-time. Once the system detects abnormal temperature (such as the temperature is lower than the lower limit of the safety threshold, the temperature difference is too large), abnormal humidity (the humidity is too high or too low, the humidity fluctuation is abnormal), equipment failure (sensor failure, heating device failure, data transmission failure) or abnormal environmental factors (such as strong wind causing a sudden drop in the environmental temperature, snow affecting the construction environment), the system immediately issues an alarm signal, and the alarm information is notified to the relevant personnel through the way of SMS and APP push. After receiving the alarm information, the relevant personnel quickly view the system data and judge the severity of the abnormal situation. For general abnormalities, the system parameters can be adjusted through remote operation for handling. For more serious abnormalities, they immediately rush to the construction site and take measures such as on-site repair and adjustment of the construction plan to ensure the construction quality of the foundation raft and guarantee the foundation stability of high-rise buildings.

[0055] To sum up, during the construction of the foundation raft of high-rise buildings, the intelligent temperature control system for mass concrete guarantees the construction quality. At each construction stage, the system obtains data through sensors, and after being analyzed and processed by the central control module, it regulates the cooling, heating and humidity adjustment equipment, which enables the raft concrete to always be in a suitable temperature and humidity environment, avoiding the influence of abnormal temperature and humidity on the concrete performance. The data recording and remote monitoring module facilitates the construction personnel to master the situation in real-time, and the abnormal alarm function enables problems to be solved in a timely manner. This system ensures that the foundation raft is firm and reliable, lays a solid foundation for high-rise buildings, and improves the safety and stability of the buildings.

[0056] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mass concrete intelligent temperature control system, characterized in that: The system includes a sensor monitoring module, a data collector, a data transmission module, a central control module, an actuator, and a data recording and remote monitoring module; The sensor monitoring module is composed of a temperature sensor, an anemometer, a humidity sensor and a solar radiation sensor, which are installed in key locations inside the concrete and on the construction site, and send the measurement data to the data collector in the form of electrical signals or wireless signals; The data collector receives the signal from the sensor monitoring module, amplifies, filters, performs analog-to-digital conversion on the signal, and converts the signal into a digital signal; The data transmission module: uses wired transmission to transmit the data processed by the data collector to the central control module; The central control module includes a temperature and humidity prediction unit and a control instruction generation unit, wherein the temperature and humidity prediction unit creates a heat conduction model by integrating the thermophysical parameters of the concrete itself and the real-time environmental factors during construction, and predicts the temperature trend of concrete in different areas at different times through the finite element analysis method according to the heat conduction model, and predicts the humidity trend of concrete through the CFMH dynamic prediction formula; The control instruction generation unit adjusts the cooling water flow rate, temperature and operating parameters of the heating device in real time through the concrete temperature control adjustment formula according to the prediction results of the temperature and humidity prediction unit, adjusts the humidification and dehumidification equipment power through the concrete humidity equipment power adjustment formula, generates adjustment instructions, and transmits the control instructions to the execution mechanism; The actuator includes a cooling water circulation system, a heating device, a humidifying device and a dehumidifying device; The data recording and remote monitoring module has a data recording function, automatically records the concrete temperature data of each time period, generates temperature change curves and reports, and provides intuitive data analysis and comparison for construction personnel. At the same time, it supports remote monitoring and alarm functions, allowing construction personnel to remotely access the system interface through mobile phones and computer terminal devices, and view the temperature and humidity data and control status of the concrete in real time. Once the system detects an abnormal situation, it immediately triggers the alarm mechanism and notifies relevant personnel via SMS and email.

2. The intelligent temperature control system for mass concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Installation position of the sensor in the sensor monitoring module: Installation location of temperature sensors: Temperature sensors should be installed in the central area of ​​large concrete, at different depths from the concrete surface, and at the edge of the concrete; Installation location of humidity sensor: inside the concrete, near the surface, at the vents, sunshade and near the concrete pouring area of ​​the construction site environment; Anemometer installation location: on a dedicated meteorological tower around the construction site; Solar radiation sensor installation location: Installed on a higher platform within the construction site.

3. The intelligent temperature control system for mass concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thermophysical parameters of concrete itself in the central control module are expressed in the heat conduction model. Assuming the thermal conductivity is λ, the specific heat capacity is c, and the density is ρ, according to Fourier's heat conduction law, the heat flux density q is related to the temperature gradient. The relationship between them is: The heat conduction equation is used to express the influence of concrete's own thermophysical parameters on concrete heat transfer. The formula is: Where T represents temperature, t represents time, is the gradient operator, and Q represents the heat of cement hydration.

4. The intelligent temperature control system for mass concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The representation of real-time environmental factors in the central control module in the heat conduction model, assuming that the ambient temperature is T env , wind speed is v, humidity is The solar radiation intensity is I solar , through the comprehensive environmental heat exchange term Q env Indicates the influence of environmental factors on concrete heat transfer, and the calculation formula is: where h conv is the convective heat transfer coefficient, the formula is: h comv =k1v 1 / 2 , where k1 is a constant and h rad is the radiation heat transfer coefficient, the formula is: h rad =∈σ, ∈ is the emissivity of the concrete surface, σ is a constant, is a term related to evaporative heat dissipation, and the formula is: where k2 and k3 are constants related to humidity and temperature.

5. The intelligent temperature control system for mass concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The central control module predicts the temperature trend of concrete in different regions at different times by the finite element analysis method according to the heat conduction model, and divides the concrete structure into a plurality of tiny finite element units. Assuming that the concrete structure is divided into N units, for the i-th unit, according to the energy balance equation, the formula is: Among them C i =ρ i c i V i is the heat capacity of unit i, V i is the volume of unit i, K ij is the heat conduction matrix element between unit i and unit j, which indicates the heat conduction capacity between units. The formula is: Among them A ij is the contact area between adjacent units, L ij is the distance between the cell centers, Q i is the heat of cement hydration inside unit i, and the formula is: Where Q 0i is the maximum value of the hydration heat in unit i, and k4 is the hydration heat release rate constant, which is obtained by time discretization of the above equation: The superscripts n and n+1 represent the time steps n and n+1. The temperature of each unit at different time steps is obtained by solving the equations to simulate the change process of the temperature field inside the concrete.

6. The intelligent temperature control system for mass concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The central control module predicts the concrete moisture trend by using the CFMH dynamic prediction formula, which is: Among them, H (x，y，z，t) is the predicted humidity of the area with coordinates (x, y, z) in the concrete at time t, H 0(x，y，z) is the humidity of the concrete at the initial time t = 0, the coordinates are (x, y, z), α is the environmental humidity influence coefficient, H env(t) represents the ambient humidity at time t, β is the wind speed influence coefficient, v(t) is the wind speed at time t, and t represents time.

7. The intelligent temperature control system for mass concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The central control module adjusts the cooling water flow rate, temperature and operating parameters of the heating device in real time through the concrete temperature control formula, which is: F water =F0+k8·C adj ; T water =T0+k9·C adj ;P heat =P0+k 10 ·C adj , where C adj is the comprehensive control coefficient, k5, k6, k7 are weight coefficients, T pre is the temperature of concrete at a certain time in the future predicted by the heat conduction model, T safe is the concrete temperature safety threshold, It indicates the rate of change of predicted temperature, S env is the environmental impact factor, and the formula is: T env is the ambient temperature, T ref is the reference ambient temperature, v is the wind speed, is humidity, is the reference humidity, w1, w2, w3 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding environmental factors, C adj is the comprehensive control coefficient, F water is the adjusted cooling water flow rate, F0 is the initial cooling water flow rate, k8 is the cooling water flow rate adjustment coefficient, T water is the adjusted cooling water temperature, T0 is the initial cooling water temperature, k9 is the cooling water temperature adjustment coefficient, P heat is the adjusted operating power of the heating device, P0 is the initial operating power of the heating device, k 10 is the power adjustment factor of the heating device.

8. The intelligent temperature control system for mass concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The central control module adjusts the humidification and dehumidification equipment through the concrete humidity equipment power adjustment formula. The power adjustment coefficient of the humidification equipment is set as P h , the power adjustment coefficient of the dehumidification equipment is P d , the calculation formula is: Among them, H set is the set value of concrete humidity, k 11 and k 12 is the proportionality constant, v max The maximum wind speed that may occur at the construction site.

9. The intelligent temperature control system for mass concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abnormal conditions in the data recording and remote monitoring module are: Temperature anomaly: excessive temperature difference, abnormal heating / cooling rate, and abnormal heating / cooling rate; Humidity abnormality: humidity value is too high, humidity value is too low and humidity fluctuation is abnormal; Equipment failure: sensor failure, actuator failure and data transmission failure; Abnormal environmental factors: Sudden changes in the construction site environment.

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