Gas meter replacement method based on psychological behaviors of decision makers and three-way decision

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas meter replacement method based on psychological behaviors of decision makers and three-way decisions. The method comprises the following steps: determining a decision information matrix of the gas meter under each attribute and normalizing the decision information matrix; on the basis of the normalized decision information matrix, conditional probabilities of the to-be-detected gas meter in a qualified state and an unqualified state are calculated by using a projection method; a TOPSIS method is utilized to obtain a loss function of adopting three different actions (accepting, delaying and rejecting) under two different states; according to a TODIM method, the comprehensive perception dominance degree of each gas meter under the three actions is calculated; and comparing the comprehensive perception dominance degrees of the gas meters under the three actions so as to obtain a classification result of the gas meters, and taking corresponding measures. By the adoption of the method, a decision maker can make a reasonable decision according to the three decision results, meanwhile, the TODIM method based on the foreground theory is introduced in the method, the subjective preference and the risk attitude of the decision maker can be reflected, and the decision making process better conforms to the actual situation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for replacing gas meters, and more particularly to a method for replacing gas meters based on decision-maker's psychological behavior and three-way decisions. Background Art

[0002] In order to effectively cope with the uncertainty in real-world decision-making, the three-way decision theory has been proposed in the prior art. This theory simulates the human cognitive process and points out that when facing a decision, people can quickly make an acceptance or rejection decision on things with sufficient confidence; for those situations that are difficult to immediately decide, they will choose to suspend judgment. Since its birth, the three-way decision theory has developed rapidly. It uses a method of minimizing risk to explain the decision rules formed by the three regions, namely the positive region, the negative region, and the boundary region, in rough sets. Under the Bayesian risk decision framework, the positive region derives the rule for acceptance decision, the negative region derives the rule for rejection decision, and the boundary region provides an option of not making a commitment or delaying the decision.

[0003] In addition, the replacement of gas meters is not only related to the daily gas usage cost of residents, but also closely related to household and public safety. Therefore, before replacing the gas meter, a careful decision-making analysis must be carried out to ensure that the input of human, material, and financial resources is minimized during the replacement process. This requires us to consider both the economic cost and ensure the safety and reliability of the replacement process when making decisions. The general measure for replacing gas meters at present is to replace all users uniformly, without fully considering whether some indicators of the gas meter itself meet the replacement requirements, which will cause waste of resources; in addition, when experts deal with gas meter detection problems in the actual environment, they have different decision-making behaviors and risk preferences and it is difficult to be completely rational. Especially since the gas meter problem has a huge impact on society, decision-makers tend to avoid risks. However, looking at the existing research on gas meter replacement, there are few related studies considering the psychological factors and risk attitudes of experts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Object of the Invention: In order to solve the problems existing in the current gas meter replacement, the present invention proposes a method for replacing gas meters based on decision-maker's psychological behavior and three-way decisions, which can solve the problem of resource waste in the existing gas meter replacement, consider the psychological behavior of experts at the same time, better avoid risks in the gas replacement problem, and can better process uncertain information through three-way decisions.

[0005] A method for replacing gas meters based on decision-maker's psychological behavior and three-way decisions, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Obtain several gas meters that need to make replacement decisions, detect each attribute of the gas meters, score them based on preset indicators, and preset the positive ideal point and negative ideal point during the scoring process; thereby obtain the decision information matrix of each gas meter, and then normalize the decision information matrix; obtain the normalized decision information matrix. Among them, the preset indicators include several indicator attributes, and obtain the weight of each indicator attribute. Step S2: Obtain the conditional probability corresponding to each gas meter based on the projection method, and obtain the relative loss function table of each gas meter under each decision plan based on the TOPSIS evaluation algorithm. Step S3: Obtain the profit set and loss set based on the relative loss function, and at the same time determine the risk aversion coefficient of the expert according to the nature of the event, and calculate the comprehensive dominance degree of each gas meter under the three actions according to TODIM. Step S4: Obtain the classification result of the gas meter based on the three-way decision rule of TODIM.

[0006] Furthermore, the replacement decision in Step S1 includes constructing the state set Ω and action set in decision theory. , the state set , indicating whether a gas meter is in a qualified state. indicates that the gas meter is in a qualified state. indicates that the gas meter is in an unqualified state. represents the action set taken for the gas meter. respectively represent the actions of accepting, delaying, and rejecting the gas meter.

[0007] Furthermore, the process of detecting each attribute of the gas meter in Step S1, scoring it based on the preset indicators, and presetting the positive ideal point and negative ideal point during the scoring process is specifically as follows: Given the gas meter to be detected , represents the gas meter with index , the evaluation index system is , represents the attribute with index , the weight of the attribute is , among which, represents the weight of the th attribute, and there is ; Professionals give the decision information matrix for the gas meter through detection, where represents the decision information given by the professional and technical personnel for the th gas meter for the Scores for each attribute; among them, the one with the worst function under each attribute is given the lowest score, that is, the negative ideal point, and the one with the best function is given the highest score, that is, the positive ideal point.

[0008] Further, the process of obtaining the normalized decision information matrix in step S1 is specifically as follows: The decision information matrix of the gas meter detected by the expert is , and the benefit-type indicators and cost-type indicators are normalized respectively to obtain the normalized decision information matrix, denoted as , where represents the normalized information corresponding to the score of the th attribute of the th gas meter by the professional and technical personnel, , represents the index of the gas meter, represents the index of the attribute: For the benefit-type indicators, the normalized decision information matrix is expressed as: For the cost-type indicators, the normalized decision information matrix is expressed as: ; Among them, represents the normalized decision information matrix of the benefit-type indicators, represents the normalized decision information matrix of the cost-type indicators, represents the maximum value given by the expert under the jth indicator; and constitute the normalized decision information matrix.

[0009] Further, the process of the conditional probability corresponding to each gas meter based on the projection method in step S2 is specifically as follows: According to the normalized decision information matrix and the attribute weights given by the expert , the conditional probability corresponding to each gas meter is calculated using the projection method, where , represents the conditional probability function; The specific steps are as follows: First, calculate the weighted vectors of the th gas meter and the corresponding positive ideal point and negative ideal point under each attribute, which are respectively expressed as: ; ; ;

[0010] Among them, It represents the normalized information corresponding to the score of the th property of the th gas meter. It represents the weighted vector of the th gas meter under each property. It represents the positive ideal point corresponding to the th gas meter and the weighted vector under each property. It represents the negative ideal point corresponding to the th gas meter and the weighted vector under each property; Then calculate the weighted vector of the th gas meter under the weighted vector of the positive ideal point and the weighted vector of the negative ideal point The standardized projection is: , where ; , where ; In addition, represents the standardized projection, represents the original projection; Based on this, obtain the conditional probability of the gas meter in the state , which is expressed as: .

[0011] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the relative loss function table of each gas meter under each decision scheme based on the TOPSIS evaluation algorithm in step S2 is specifically as follows; According to the normalized decision information matrix and the attribute weights given by the experts, use the TOPSIS method to calculate the relative loss function table corresponding to each gas meter. The specific steps are as follows: First, calculate the weighted distance between the gas meter and the positive ideal point and the negative ideal point , which is expressed as: ; ; where represents the distance function, represents the weight of the th property; Then calculate the distance between the gas meter and the positive ideal point and the negative ideal point The closeness degree between them is expressed as: ; ; Among them, represents the closeness degree between the gas meter and the positive ideal point ; represents the closeness degree between the gas meter and the negative ideal point ; Finally, according to the closeness degree, the relative loss function table of the gas meter is obtained, and the parameters in the relative loss function table are obtained, which are respectively expressed as: represents the loss when the state is to adopt an acceptance decision ; represents the loss when the state adopts an acceptance decision ; represents the loss when a delay decision is made in the state of , represents the closeness degree parameter; represents the loss when a delay decision is made in the state of ; represents the loss when a rejection decision is made in the state of ; represents the loss when a rejection decision is made in the state of .

[0012] Furthermore, in the process of obtaining the benefit set and the loss set based on the relative loss function in step S3: The parameters of the benefit set R are respectively: ; ; ; ; ; ; Among them, represents the difference in relative loss between making an acceptance decision and making a delay decision in the state of ; represents the difference in relative loss between making an acceptance decision and making a rejection decision in the state of ; represents the difference in relative loss between making a delayed decision and making a rejection decision in the state; represents the difference in relative loss between making a delayed decision and making an acceptance decision in the state; represents the difference in relative loss between making a rejection decision and making an acceptance decision in the state, represents the difference in relative loss between making a rejection decision and making a delayed decision in the state; The parameters of the loss set L are respectively: ; ; ; ; ; ; Among them, represents the difference in relative loss between making a delayed decision and making an acceptance decision in the state, represents the difference in relative loss between making a rejection decision and making an acceptance decision in the state; represents the difference in relative loss between making a rejection decision and making a delayed decision in the state; represents the difference in relative loss between making an acceptance decision and making a delayed decision in the state; represents the difference in relative loss between making an acceptance decision and making a rejection decision in the state, represents the difference in relative loss between making a delayed decision and making a rejection decision in the state.

[0013] Furthermore, determine the risk aversion coefficient of the expert according to the nature of the event, and calculate the comprehensive dominance degree of each gas meter under the three actions according to TODIM; Obtain the dominance degrees of actions and under each scheme. The calculation formula is as follows: When the conditional probability is satisfied, ; ; When the conditional probability is satisfied, ; ; When the conditional probability is ; ; wherein represents , , , , , a certain parameter in represents , , , , , a certain parameter in; , is the risk aversion coefficient ; represents the degree of superiority of action compared to when the state is acceptance the degree of superiority of action compared to when the state is rejection; Obtain the first comprehensive degree of superiority , which is expressed as: ; Finally, calculate the comprehensive degree of superiority of action , and the calculation formula is as follows: ; Based on this, calculate the comprehensive perceived degree of superiority of each gas meter under three actions respectively: ; ; ; wherein represents the comprehensive perceived degree of superiority when the action is acceptance represents the comprehensive perceived degree of superiority when the action is delay represents the comprehensive perceived degree of superiority when the action is rejection

[0014] Furthermore, the classification result of the gas meter is obtained according to the three-way decision rule based on TODIM in step S4, specifically: If both and , then ; If both and are satisfied, then ; If both and are satisfied, then ; If , it means that the gas meter adopts an acceptance decision and does not need to be replaced; if , it means that the gas meter adopts a delay decision and needs to be further evaluated before making a decision; if , it means that the gas meter adopts a rejection decision and needs to be replaced.

[0015] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention considers the uncertainty of information in the replacement of gas meters, makes three-way decisions on the target, makes the classification results more reasonable, and overcomes the problem of resource waste caused by the one-time replacement of all gas meters. At the same time, the TODIM method based on prospect theory is introduced in the decision-making process, considering the psychological behavior of decision-makers who tend to avoid risks in the process of gas meter replacement, minimizing the risks in gas meter replacement to the greatest extent, and making the decision-making results more in line with the real scenario. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 Flowchart of a gas meter replacement method based on decision-maker's psychological behavior and three-way decision of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0017] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation manners, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0018] Referring to Figure 1 , a gas meter replacement method based on decision-maker's psychological behavior and three-way decision includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain several gas meters that need to make replacement decisions, detect each attribute of the gas meters and score them based on preset indicators, and preset positive and negative ideal points during the scoring process; thereby obtain the decision information matrix of each gas meter, and then normalize the decision information matrix; obtain the normalized decision information matrix; Among them, the preset indicators include several indicator attributes, and obtain the weight of each indicator attribute; Step S2: Obtain the conditional probability corresponding to each gas meter based on the projection method, and obtain the relative loss function table of each gas meter under each decision-making scheme based on the TOPSIS evaluation algorithm; Step S3: Obtain the profit set and loss set based on the relative loss function. At the same time, determine the risk aversion coefficient of the expert according to the nature of the event, and calculate the comprehensive dominance degree of each gas meter under the three actions according to TODIM; Step S4: Obtain the classification result of the gas meter based on the three-way decision rule of TODIM.

[0019] Further, the permutation decision in step S1 includes constructing the state set Ω and action set in decision theory , the state set , indicating whether a gas meter is in a qualified state, indicates that the gas meter is in a qualified state, indicates that the gas meter is in an unqualified state; represents the action set taken for the gas meter, respectively represent the actions of accepting, delaying, and rejecting the gas meter.

[0020] Further, the process of detecting each attribute of the gas meter and scoring based on a preset index in step S1, and presetting the positive ideal point and negative ideal point during the scoring process is specifically as follows: Given the gas meter to be detected , represents the gas meter with index , the evaluation index system is , represents the attribute with index , the weight of the attribute is , where represents the weight of the th attribute, and there is ; Professionals give the decision information matrix for the gas meter through detection, where represents the score given by the professional and technical personnel for the th gas meter on the th attribute; among them, the one with the worst function under each attribute is given the lowest score, that is, the negative ideal point, and the one with the best function is given the highest score, that is, the positive ideal point.

[0021] Further, the process of obtaining the normalized decision information matrix in step S1 is specifically as follows: The decision information matrix of the gas meter detected by the expert is , and the profit-type index and cost-type index are normalized respectively to obtain the normalized decision information matrix, denoted as , where represents the normalized information corresponding to the score of the -th property of the -th gas meter, , represents the index of the gas meter, represents the index of the property: For profit-type indicators, the normalized decision information matrix is expressed as: For cost-type indicators, the normalized decision information matrix is expressed as: ; where represents the normalized decision information matrix for profit-type indicators, represents the normalized decision information matrix for cost-type indicators, represents the maximum value given by the expert under the -th indicator; and

[0022] constitute the normalized decision information matrix. Furthermore, the process of the conditional probability corresponding to each gas meter in step S2 based on the projection method is specifically as follows: According to the normalized decision information matrix and the property weights given by the expert , the conditional probability corresponding to each gas meter is calculated using the projection method, where represents the conditional probability function; The specific steps are as follows: First, calculate the weighted vectors of the -th gas meter and the corresponding positive ideal point and negative ideal point under each property, which are respectively expressed as: ; ; ;

[0023] where represents the normalized information corresponding to the score of the -th property of the -th gas meter by the professional and technical personnel, represents the weighted vector of the -th gas meter under each property, represents the weighted vector of the positive ideal point -th gas meter under each property, represents the The negative ideal point corresponding to a gas meter The weighted vectors under each attribute; Then calculate the weighted vector of the weighted vector of the positive ideal point and the weighted vector of the negative ideal point The normalized projection under is: , where, ; , where, ; In addition, represents the normalized projection, represents the original projection; Based on this, obtain the conditional probability of the gas meter in the state as: .

[0024] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the relative loss function table of each gas meter under each decision scheme based on the TOPSIS evaluation algorithm in step S2 is specifically as follows; According to the normalized decision information matrix and the attribute weights given by experts , use the TOPSIS method to calculate the relative loss function table corresponding to each gas meter. The specific steps are as follows: First, calculate the weighted distance between the gas meter and the positive ideal point and the negative ideal point as: ; ; where, represents the distance function, represents the weight of the th attribute; Then calculate the closeness between the gas meter and the positive ideal point and the negative ideal point as: ; ; where, represents the closeness between the gas meter and the positive ideal point , represents the closeness between the gas meter and the negative ideal point The closeness degree between; Finally, obtain the relative loss function table of the gas meter according to the closeness degree, and obtain the parameters in the relative loss function table, which are respectively expressed as: Indicates at The loss in the state of taking an acceptance decision; Indicates at The loss of taking an acceptance decision in the state; Indicates at The loss of taking a delay decision in the state, Indicates the closeness degree parameter; Indicates at The loss of taking a delay decision in the state; Indicates at The loss of taking a rejection decision in the state; Indicates at The loss when taking a rejection decision in the state.

[0025] Furthermore, in the process of obtaining the benefit set and the loss set based on the relative loss function in step S3: Referring to Table 1, the parameters of the benefit set R are respectively: ; ; ; ; ; ; Among them, Indicates at The difference in relative loss between taking an acceptance decision and taking a delay decision in the state; Indicates at The difference in relative loss between taking an acceptance decision and taking a rejection decision in the state; Indicates at The difference in relative loss between taking a delay decision and taking a rejection decision in the state; Indicates at The difference in relative loss between taking a delay decision and taking an acceptance decision in the state; Indicates at The difference in relative loss between taking a rejection decision and taking an acceptance decision in the state, Indicates at The difference between the relative losses of making a rejection decision and a delay decision in the

[0026] Table 1

[0027] Refer to Table 2. The parameters of the loss set L are as follows: ; ; ; ; ; ; Among them, represents the difference between the relative losses of making a delay decision and an acceptance decision in the state, represents the difference between the relative losses of making a rejection decision and an acceptance decision in the state; represents the difference between the relative losses of making a rejection decision and a delay decision in the state; represents the difference between the relative losses of making an acceptance decision and a delay decision in the state; represents the difference between the relative losses of making an acceptance decision and a rejection decision in the state, represents the difference between the relative losses of making a delay decision and a rejection decision in the state.

[0028] Table 2

[0029]

[0030] Furthermore, determine the risk aversion coefficient of the expert according to the nature of the event, and calculate the comprehensive dominance of each gas meter under the three actions according to TODIM; Obtain the dominance of action and under each scheme. The calculation formula is as follows: When the conditional probability is ; ; When the conditional probability is ; ; When the conditional probability is ; ; wherein represents , , , , , a certain parameter in represents , , , , , a certain parameter in; , is the risk aversion coefficient ; represents the degree of superiority of action compared to when the state is acceptance, and the degree of superiority of action compared to when the state is rejection; Obtain the first comprehensive degree of superiority , which is expressed as: ; Finally, calculate the comprehensive degree of superiority of action , and the calculation formula is as follows: ; Based on this, calculate the comprehensive perceived degree of superiority of each gas meter under the three actions respectively: ; ; ; wherein represents the comprehensive perceived degree of superiority when the action is acceptance, represents the comprehensive perceived degree of superiority when the action is delay, represents the comprehensive perceived degree of superiority when the action is rejection.

[0031] Furthermore, the classification result of the gas meter is obtained according to the three-way decision rule based on TODIM in step S4, specifically: If both and are satisfied, then ; If both and are satisfied, then ; If both and are satisfied, then ; If , it means that the gas meter adopts an acceptance decision and no replacement is required; if , it means that the gas meter adopts a delay decision and further evaluation is needed before making a decision; if , it means that the gas meter adopts a rejection decision and replacement is required.

[0032] The present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to the drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various variations of the present invention according to the above description. Therefore, some details in the embodiments should not constitute a limitation to the present invention, and the present invention will be protected by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A gas meter replacement method based on decision maker psychological behavior and three-way decision making, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: obtaining a number of gas meters that need to make replacement decisions, detecting various attributes of the gas meters and scoring them based on preset indicators, and presetting positive ideal points and negative ideal points in the scoring process; thereby obtaining a decision information matrix for each gas meter, and then normalizing the decision information matrix; obtaining a normalized decision information matrix; Among them, the preset indicators include several indicator attributes, and the weight of each indicator attribute is obtained; Step S2: obtaining the conditional probability corresponding to each gas meter based on the projection method, and obtaining the relative loss function table of each gas meter under each decision scheme based on the TOPSIS evaluation algorithm; Step S3: Obtain the profit set and loss set based on the relative loss function, determine the expert's risk aversion coefficient according to the nature of the event, and calculate the comprehensive advantage of each gas meter under the three actions according to TODIM; Step S4: Obtain the classification result of the gas meter based on the three-branch decision rule of TODIM.

2. A gas meter replacement method based on decision maker psychological behavior and three-way decision making according to claim 1, characterized in that: The replacement decision in step S1 includes constructing the state set Ω and action set in decision theory , state set , indicating whether a gas meter is in a qualified state, Indicates that the gas meter is in qualified state. Indicates that the gas meter is in an unqualified state; Represents the set of actions taken on the gas meter, Respectively represent the actions of acceptance, delay and rejection for the gas meter.

3. A gas meter replacement method based on decision maker psychological behavior and three-way decision making according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, various attributes of the gas meter are detected and scored based on preset indicators, and the process of presetting positive ideal points and negative ideal points in the scoring process is specifically as follows: Given a gas meter to be tested , The representative index is The evaluation index system of gas meters is , The representative index is The attribute weight is ,in, Representative The weight of the attribute, and ; Professionals provide decision-making information matrix for gas meters through testing ,in Indicates that professional and technical personnel Gas meter No. The scores of the attributes are given; the worst function under each attribute is given the lowest score, that is, the negative ideal point, and the best function is given the highest score, that is, the positive ideal point.

4. A gas meter replacement method based on decision maker psychological behavior and three-way decision making according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the normalized decision information matrix in step S1 is specifically as follows: The decision information matrix of the gas meter detected by the expert is , normalize the benefit-based indicators and cost-based indicators respectively, and obtain the normalized decision information matrix, which is expressed as ,in, Indicates that professional and technical personnel Gas meter No. The normalized information corresponding to the score of each attribute, , Indicates the index of the gas meter. Indicates the index of the attribute: For profit indicators, the normalized decision information matrix is ​​expressed as: For cost-based indicators, the normalized decision information matrix is ​​expressed as: ； in, Represents the normalized decision information matrix of the profit-based indicator, Represents the normalized decision information matrix of cost-based indicators, It represents the maximum value given by experts under the jth indicator; and Construct a normalized decision information matrix.

5. A gas meter replacement method based on decision maker psychological behavior and three-way decision making according to claim 4, characterized in that: The process of determining the conditional probability corresponding to each gas meter based on the projection method in step S2 is specifically as follows: According to the normalized decision information matrix and the attribute weights given by experts , using the projection method to calculate each gas meter The corresponding conditional probability is, where , represents the conditional probability function; The specific steps are as follows: First calculate the Gas meters and corresponding positive ideal points and negative ideal point The weighted vectors under each attribute are expressed as: ； ； ； in, Indicates that professional and technical personnel Gas meter No. The normalized information corresponding to the score of each attribute, Indicates The weighted vector of each gas meter under each attribute, Indicates The positive ideal point corresponding to the gas meter The weight vector under each attribute, Indicates Negative ideal point corresponding to a gas meter Weight vector under each attribute; Then calculate the The weight vector of the gas meters The weight vector at the positive ideal point and the weighted vector of the negative ideal point The normalized projection is: ,in, ; ,in, ; also, represents the normalized projection, represents the original projection; Based on this, get the gas meter In Status The conditional probability under , is expressed as: 。 6. A gas meter replacement method based on decision maker psychological behavior and three-way decision making according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the relative loss function table of each gas meter under each decision scheme based on the TOPSIS evaluation algorithm in step S2 is specifically as follows; According to the normalized decision information matrix and the attribute weights given by experts , use the TOPSIS method to calculate the relative loss function table corresponding to each gas meter. The specific steps are as follows: First calculate the gas meter With positive ideal point and negative ideal point The weighted distance between them is expressed as: ； ； in, represents the distance function, Representative The weight of each attribute; Then calculate the gas meter With positive ideal point and negative ideal point The closeness between them is expressed as: ； ； in, Indicates gas meter With positive ideal point The closeness between Indicates gas meter and negative ideal point The closeness between Finally, the relative loss function table of the gas meter is obtained according to the closeness, and the parameters in the relative loss function table are obtained, which are expressed as: Indicated in The state is to take the loss of acceptance decision; Indicated in The state takes the loss of accepting decision; Indicated in The loss of taking a delayed decision in the state, represents the closeness parameter; Indicated in The loss of taking delayed decisions in the state; Indicated in The loss of taking a rejection decision in the state; Indicated in The loss when taking a rejection decision in the state.

7. A gas meter replacement method based on decision maker psychological behavior and three-way decision making according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the process of obtaining the profit set and the loss set based on the relative loss function in step S3: The parameters of the return set R are: ； ； ； ； ； ； in, Indicated in The difference in relative loss between taking the acceptance decision and taking the delay decision in the state; Indicated in The difference between the relative losses of taking the acceptance decision and the rejection decision in the state; Indicated in The difference in relative losses between taking a delay decision and taking a rejection decision in the state; Indicated in The difference between the relative loss of taking the delay decision and the relative loss of taking the acceptance decision in the state; Indicated in The difference between the relative loss of taking a rejection decision and taking an acceptance decision in the state, Indicated in The difference between the relative losses of taking a rejection decision and a delay decision in the state; The parameters of the loss set L are: ； ； ； ； ； ； in, Indicated in The difference between the relative loss of taking the delay decision and the relative loss of taking the acceptance decision in the state, Indicated in The difference between the relative losses of taking a rejection decision and taking an acceptance decision in the state; Indicated in The difference between the relative losses of taking a rejection decision and a delay decision in the state; Indicated in The difference in relative loss between taking the acceptance decision and taking the delay decision in the state; Indicated in The difference between the relative loss of taking the acceptance decision and the relative loss of taking the rejection decision in the state, Indicated in The difference in relative loss between taking a delay decision and taking a rejection decision in the state.

8. A gas meter replacement method based on decision maker psychological behavior and three-way decision making according to claim 7, characterized in that: At the same time, the risk aversion coefficient of the experts is determined according to the nature of the event, and the comprehensive advantage of each gas meter under the three actions is calculated according to TODIM; Get actions under each plan and The dominance is calculated as follows: When the conditional probability hour, ； ； When the conditional probability hour, ； ； When the conditional probability hour, ； ； in, express , , , , , A parameter in express , , , , , A parameter in , is the risk aversion coefficient, ; Indicates action when the status is accepting compared to The dominance of Action when status is rejected compared to The degree of dominance; Get the first comprehensive advantage , expressed as: ； Last Calculation Action The comprehensive advantage , the calculation formula is as follows: ； Based on this, the comprehensive perception advantage of each gas meter under three actions is calculated respectively: ； ； ； in, Indicates the comprehensive perceived advantage when the action is acceptance, represents the comprehensive perceived advantage when the action is delayed, Represents the comprehensive perceived advantage when the action is rejection.

9. A gas meter replacement method based on decision maker psychological behavior and three-way decision making according to claim 8, characterized in that: The three decision rules based on TODIM in step S4 obtain the classification results of the gas meter, specifically: If both meet and ,but ; If both meet and ,but ; If both meet and ,but ; like It means that the gas meter adopts the acceptance decision and does not need to be replaced; if This means that the gas meter has adopted a delayed decision and needs to be further evaluated before making a decision; if This means that the gas meter has taken a rejection decision and needs to be replaced.

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