Risk early warning method and system for overvoltage protector

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of overvoltage protectors, and particularly discloses an overvoltage protector risk early warning method and system, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the use data of an electronic component of an overvoltage protector and the mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector, and matching the risk early warning initial grade of the overvoltage protector, the method comprises the following steps: establishing an access power grid electrical characteristic model, obtaining an overvoltage protector risk early warning update grade, analyzing an overvoltage protector use environment, matching an overvoltage protector risk early warning error grade, and determining an overvoltage protector risk early warning scheme. The problems that traditional overvoltage protector monitoring is mainly based on regular manual inspection and simple fault alarm, and the current monitoring means only pay attention to a single parameter and do not comprehensively consider the influence of various factors on the overvoltage protector are solved. And the situation of inaccurate early warning caused by insufficient evaluation of a single factor or interference of environmental factors can be reduced to the greatest extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of overvoltage protectors, and particularly to a method and system for risk warning of overvoltage protectors. Background Art

[0002] Modern society has a very high degree of dependence on electricity, and the reliability of the power system is directly related to the normal operation of society. As one of the key devices to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system, the normal operation of the overvoltage protector is crucial. With the development of smart grids, the complexity of the power system has been continuously increasing, and the protection requirements for power equipment have become more stringent. The overvoltage protector needs to be able to adapt to various complex power grid operating environments, such as the access of distributed power sources and the large-scale application of power electronic devices, which may all lead to voltage fluctuations and overvoltage situations in the power grid. Therefore, in order to ensure the reliability of the power system, an effective risk warning method for overvoltage protectors is needed.

[0003] Currently, there are still some deficiencies in the research on risk warning of overvoltage protectors. Specifically, the traditional monitoring of overvoltage protectors is mainly based on regular manual inspections and simple fault alarms (such as fuse melting alarms), and it is very difficult to detect potential problems of the equipment in a timely manner. Some existing simple alarm devices can only alarm when the equipment has already suffered serious failures, and cannot effectively monitor and warn the gradual change process of the equipment performance (such as the decline of protection performance caused by component aging). Moreover, the current monitoring means often only focus on a single parameter and do not comprehensively consider the influence of various factors on the overvoltage protector. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for risk warning of overvoltage protectors, which can effectively solve the problems involved in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: In the first aspect of the present invention, a method for risk warning of an overvoltage protector is provided, including the following steps: collecting the usage data of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector to obtain the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector; obtaining the mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector, and combining the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector to obtain the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector; based on the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector, matching the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector; collecting the electrical characteristic information of the overvoltage protector connected to the power grid, constructing an electrical characteristic model of the power grid connection, and outputting the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector; based on the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector and combining the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector, obtaining the updated risk warning level of the overvoltage protector; analyzing the usage environment of the overvoltage protector to obtain the usage environment signal of the overvoltage protector, and matching the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector based on the usage environment signal of the overvoltage protector; based on the updated risk warning level of the overvoltage protector and the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector, obtaining the risk warning level of the overvoltage protector and determining the risk warning plan for the overvoltage protector.

[0006] As a further method, collecting the usage data of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector to obtain the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector, the specific analysis process is as follows: analyzing the capacitance attenuation rate of the overvoltage protector:

[0007]

[0008] In the formula, a c is the capacitance attenuation rate of the overvoltage protector, C 0 is the initial capacitance of the overvoltage protector capacitor, C now is the current actual capacitance of the overvoltage protector capacitor;

[0009] Calculating the relative life of the overvoltage protector capacitor:

[0010]

[0011] In the formula, L rel is the relative life of the overvoltage protector capacitor, A is the constant corresponding to the overvoltage protector capacitor stored in the database, e is the natural constant, E a is the activation energy, k is the Boltzmann constant, T ref is the rated operating temperature of the overvoltage protector capacitor, T is the actual operating temperature of the overvoltage protector capacitor;

[0012] Obtaining the drift rate of the resistance value of the overvoltage protector:

[0013]

[0014] In the formula, aR is the resistance value drift rate of the overvoltage protector, R 0 is the initial resistance value of the overvoltage protector, R now is the current actual resistance value of the overvoltage protector;

[0015] Obtain the change rate of the leakage current of the arrester of the overvoltage protector:

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, a I is the change rate of the leakage current of the arrester of the overvoltage protector, I 0 is the initial leakage current of the arrester of the overvoltage protector, I now is the current actual leakage current of the arrester of the overvoltage protector;

[0018] Based on the capacitance attenuation rate of the overvoltage protector, the relative life of the overvoltage protector capacitor, the resistance value drift rate of the overvoltage protector, and the change rate of the leakage current of the arrester of the overvoltage protector, comprehensively analyze to obtain the usage factor of the overvoltage protector electronic components, and the usage factor of the overvoltage protector electronic components is used as the analysis basis for obtaining the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector;

[0019] The calculation formula for the usage factor of the overvoltage protector electronic components is:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, Yj g is the usage factor of the overvoltage protector electronic components.

[0022] As a further method, obtain the mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector, and combine it with the usage factor of the overvoltage protector electronic components to obtain the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector. The specific analysis process is: obtain the root mean square acceleration of the overvoltage protector vibration:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, a rms is the root mean square acceleration of the overvoltage protector vibration, a i is the vibration acceleration of the i-th overvoltage protector, i is the number of the vibration acceleration of the overvoltage protector collected, i = 1, 2, 3,..., n, and n is the total number of the vibration accelerations of the overvoltage protector collected;

[0025] Obtain the maximum vibration frequency and maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector; based on the root mean square acceleration of the overvoltage protector's vibration, the maximum vibration frequency of the overvoltage protector, the maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector, and the usage factor of the overvoltage protector's electronic components, comprehensively analyze to obtain the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector, and the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector is used as the analysis basis for matching the initial level of the overvoltage protector's risk warning;

[0026] The calculation formula for the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector is:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, Zd g is the mechanical vibration characteristic factor of the overvoltage protector, zdp is the maximum vibration frequency of the overvoltage protector, zdf is the maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector, and Tz is the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector.

[0029] As a further method, based on the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector, match the initial level of the overvoltage protector's risk warning. The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain the mapping table of the overvoltage protector's characteristic signal - the initial level of the overvoltage protector's risk warning stored in advance in the database. By searching the mapping table, according to the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector, find the matching initial level of the overvoltage protector's risk warning.

[0030] As a further method, collect the electrical characteristic information of the overvoltage protector connected to the power grid, construct an electrical characteristic model of the power grid connection, and output the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector. The specific analysis process is as follows: Calculate the power grid voltage change frequency signal:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, Bd is the power grid voltage change frequency signal, U max is the maximum voltage during the monitoring period, U min is the minimum voltage during the monitoring period, N is the number of voltage fluctuations during the monitoring period, T is the duration of the monitoring period, and e is the natural constant;

[0033] Obtain the average harmonic content of the power grid; based on the power grid voltage change frequency signal and the average harmonic content of the power grid, construct an electrical characteristic model of the power grid connection:

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, Dq rem is the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector, xbh is the average harmonic content of the power grid, σ 1 is the compensation factor for the power grid voltage change frequency signal Bd set, σ 2 is the compensation factor for xbh set.

[0036] As a further method, based on the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector and combined with the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector, the updated risk warning level of the overvoltage protector is obtained. The specific analysis process is as follows: Compare the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector with the threshold value of the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector stored in the database; If the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector is not lower than the threshold value of the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector, the corrected risk warning level of the overvoltage protector corresponding to the electrical risk impact factor is -1; If the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector is lower than the threshold value of the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector, the corrected risk warning level of the overvoltage protector corresponding to the electrical risk impact factor is 1; Add the corrected sub-level of the risk warning of the overvoltage protector to the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector to obtain the updated risk warning level of the overvoltage protector.

[0037] As a further method, analyze the usage environment of the overvoltage protector to obtain the usage environment signal of the overvoltage protector. The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain the usage environment data of the overvoltage protector. The usage environment data of the overvoltage protector specifically includes the maximum temperature of the usage environment of the overvoltage protector, the average humidity of the usage environment of the overvoltage protector, the dust concentration of the usage environment of the overvoltage protector, and the electromagnetic interference intensity of the usage environment of the overvoltage protector; Based on the obtained usage environment data of the overvoltage protector, comprehensively analyze to obtain the usage environment signal of the overvoltage protector. The usage environment signal of the overvoltage protector is used as the analysis basis for matching the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector;

[0038] The specific calculation formula for the usage environment signal of the overvoltage protector is;

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, Env g is the usage environment signal of the overvoltage protector, Tem max is the maximum temperature of the usage environment of the overvoltage protector, Shd is the average humidity of the usage environment of the overvoltage protector, hc is the dust concentration of the usage environment of the overvoltage protector, dcg is the electromagnetic interference intensity of the usage environment of the overvoltage protector, τ 1 is the compensation factor set for Tem max τ 2 is the compensation factor set for Shd, τ 3 is the compensation factor set for hc, τ 4 is the compensation factor set for dcg, and e is the natural constant.

[0041] As a further method, based on the environmental signal of the overvoltage protector, match the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector. The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain the mapping table of the environmental signal of the overvoltage protector - the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector pre-stored in the database. By searching the mapping table, according to the environmental signal of the overvoltage protector, find the matching risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector.

[0042] As a further method, based on the risk warning update level of the overvoltage protector and the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector, obtain the risk warning level of the overvoltage protector and determine the risk warning scheme of the overvoltage protector. The specific analysis process is as follows: Perform an accumulation process on the risk warning update level of the overvoltage protector and the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector to obtain the risk warning level of the overvoltage protector; Obtain the mapping table of the risk warning level of the overvoltage protector - the risk warning scheme of the overvoltage protector pre-stored in the database. By searching the mapping table, according to the risk warning level of the overvoltage protector, find the matching risk warning scheme of the overvoltage protector.

[0043] The second aspect of the present invention provides an overvoltage protector risk warning system, including an electronic component usage factor acquisition module, a characteristic signal analysis module, a risk warning initial level matching module, an electrical risk impact factor output module, a risk warning update level acquisition module, a risk warning error level matching module, and a risk warning scheme determination module, where: The electronic component usage factor acquisition module is used to collect the usage data of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector to obtain the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector; The characteristic signal analysis module is used to obtain the mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector and combine it with the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector to obtain the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector; The risk warning initial level matching module is used to match the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector based on the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector; The electrical risk impact factor output module is used to collect the electrical characteristic information of the power grid connected to the overvoltage protector, construct an electrical characteristic model of the connected power grid, and output the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector; The risk warning update level acquisition module is used to obtain the risk warning update level of the overvoltage protector based on the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector and in combination with the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector; The risk warning error level matching module is used to analyze the usage environment of the overvoltage protector to obtain the usage environment signal of the overvoltage protector, and match the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector based on the usage environment signal of the overvoltage protector; The risk warning scheme determination module is used to obtain the risk warning level of the overvoltage protector based on the risk warning update level of the overvoltage protector and the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector, and determine the risk warning scheme of the overvoltage protector.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0045] (1) By providing a method and system for risk warning of overvoltage protectors, the present invention collects usage data of electronic components and mechanical vibration characteristic data. This method can comprehensively consider the usage status of internal electronic components of overvoltage protectors and the mechanical stress suffered by the equipment, and can more accurately evaluate the health status of the equipment itself, and discover in advance the fault risks that may be caused by component aging or mechanical damage. Constructing an electrical characteristic model of the access power grid and outputting an electrical risk impact factor can incorporate the impact of the electrical characteristics of the power grid on the overvoltage protector into the evaluation scope.

[0046] (2) By analyzing the usage environment and obtaining environmental signals, and then matching the risk warning error level, the present invention can appropriately correct the warning level, making the risk warning more accurate. Combining the risk warning update level and the risk warning error level to obtain the final risk warning level can minimize the inaccurate warning caused by insufficient evaluation of a single factor or interference of environmental factors to the greatest extent.

[0047] (3) By analyzing the usage environment of the overvoltage protector to obtain the usage environment signal of the overvoltage protector, and matching the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector based on the usage environment signal of the overvoltage protector, the present invention can quantify complex and difficult-to-directly-measure environmental factors. This quantified signal can more accurately reflect the degree of influence of environmental factors on the overvoltage protector. Considering the environmental signal to match the risk warning error level can identify in advance the damage that environmental factors may cause to the equipment. Based on the matched risk warning error level, a more targeted maintenance strategy can be formulated for the overvoltage protector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the following drawings.

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the method steps of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of system modules of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0051] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0052] Referring to Figure 1 as shown, a method for overvoltage protector risk warning in the first aspect of the present invention includes: collecting the usage data of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector to obtain the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector.

[0053] The specific analysis process is as follows: analyzing the capacitance attenuation rate of the overvoltage protector:

[0054]

[0055] where a c is the capacitance attenuation rate of the overvoltage protector, C 0 is the initial capacitance of the overvoltage protector capacitor, C now is the current actual capacitance of the overvoltage protector capacitor;

[0056] Calculating the relative life of the overvoltage protector capacitor:

[0057]

[0058] where L rel is the relative life of the overvoltage protector capacitor, A is the constant corresponding to the overvoltage protector capacitor stored in the database, e is the natural constant, E a is the activation energy, k is the Boltzmann constant, T ref is the rated operating temperature of the overvoltage protector capacitor, and T is the actual operating temperature of the overvoltage protector capacitor;

[0059] Obtaining the resistance value drift rate of the overvoltage protector:

[0060]

[0061] where a R is the resistance value drift rate of the overvoltage protector, R 0 is the initial resistance value of the overvoltage protector, R now is the current actual resistance value of the overvoltage protector;

[0062] Obtaining the change rate of the arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector:

[0063]

[0064] where aI is the rate of change of the leakage current of the arrester of the overvoltage protector, I 0 is the initial arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector, I now is the current actual arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector;

[0065] Based on the capacitance attenuation rate of the overvoltage protector, the relative capacitance life of the overvoltage protector, the resistance value drift rate of the overvoltage protector, and the rate of change of the arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector, the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector is comprehensively analyzed. The usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector is used as the analysis basis for obtaining the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector;

[0066] The calculation formula for the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector is:

[0067]

[0068] In the formula, Yj g is the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector.

[0069] By collecting various usage data of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector, including the capacitance attenuation rate, relative capacitance life, resistance value drift rate, arrester leakage current change rate, etc., the state of the key electronic components in the equipment can be comprehensively understood. It is no longer limited to the monitoring of a single parameter, but multiple parameters are integrated to evaluate the overall health status of the equipment, avoiding the situation of ignoring other potential problems due to only focusing on one aspect.

[0070] When calculating the relative capacitance life, multiple factors such as activation energy, Boltzmann constant, rated operating temperature, and actual operating temperature are considered, which can more accurately predict the life of the capacitor, so as to take measures in advance to avoid equipment failures caused by the expiration of the capacitor life. For the monitoring of parameters such as the rate of change of the arrester leakage current, the change of the arrester performance can be detected in time. The arrester is an important component for overvoltage protection, and the change of its leakage current is often an early sign of internal faults.

[0071] Obtain the mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector, and combine it with the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector to obtain the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector.

[0072] The specific analysis process is: obtain the root mean square acceleration of the vibration of the overvoltage protector:

[0073]

[0074] In the formula, a rms is the root mean square acceleration of the vibration of the overvoltage protector, a iis the vibration acceleration of the i-th overvoltage protector, where i is the serial number of the vibration acceleration of the overvoltage protector collected, i = 1, 2, 3,..., n, and n is the total number of the vibration accelerations of the overvoltage protector collected;

[0075] Obtain the maximum vibration frequency and the maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector; based on the root mean square acceleration of the overvoltage protector vibration, the maximum vibration frequency of the overvoltage protector, the maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector, and the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector, comprehensively analyze to obtain the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector, and the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector is used as the analysis basis for matching the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector;

[0076] The calculation formula for the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector is:

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, Zd g is the mechanical vibration characteristic factor of the overvoltage protector, zdp is the maximum vibration frequency of the overvoltage protector, zdf is the maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector, and Tz is the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector.

[0079] By combining the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector and the mechanical vibration characteristic data to obtain the characteristic signal, the comprehensive evaluation of the equipment is realized from two important dimensions of the performance of the electronic components and the state of the mechanical structure. The usage factor of the electronic components reflects the performance changes of key components such as capacitors, resistors, and lightning arresters, while the mechanical vibration characteristic data (such as root mean square acceleration, maximum vibration frequency, maximum vibration amplitude) reflects the operating conditions of the equipment in terms of mechanics. This multi-dimensional comprehensive analysis avoids the limitations of single-factor evaluation and can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the overall state of the overvoltage protector.

[0080] Due to the comprehensive consideration of various factors such as electronic components and mechanical vibration, potential risks can be detected earlier before obvious failures occur in the equipment.

[0081] Based on the comprehensive and accurate assessment of the equipment status and risk warning, a more personalized and customized maintenance plan can be formulated. Instead of the traditional regular maintenance or experience-based maintenance method, the maintenance work is arranged according to the actual operating status and characteristic signal of the equipment. For equipment with good status and stable characteristic signals, the maintenance cycle can be appropriately extended, unnecessary maintenance operations can be reduced, and the maintenance cost can be lowered; for equipment with abnormal characteristic signals and high risk levels, maintenance can be arranged in a timely manner, and the required spare parts and tools can be prepared in advance to ensure the smooth progress of the maintenance work. This customized maintenance plan can improve the availability and operating efficiency of the equipment, and at the same time can better balance the maintenance cost and equipment performance.

[0082] Match the initial level of overvoltage protector risk warning based on the characteristic signals of the overvoltage protector.

[0083] The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain the mapping table of overvoltage protector characteristic signals - initial overvoltage protector risk warning levels pre-stored in the database. By searching the mapping table, based on the overvoltage protector characteristic signals, find the matching initial overvoltage protector risk warning level.

[0084] By pre-storing the mapping table of overvoltage protector characteristic signals and initial risk warning levels in the database, a unified standard is provided for the risk assessment of overvoltage protectors. When the characteristic signals of the overvoltage protector are obtained, the matching initial risk warning level can be quickly found by searching the mapping table, greatly simplifying the risk judgment process. Quickly determining the risk warning level helps to promptly initiate corresponding emergency response plans and treatment measures. Different risk levels can correspond to different treatment processes and resource allocation plans. For example, a low risk level may only require enhanced monitoring, while a high risk level may require immediate arrangement for repair or equipment replacement. This fast and efficient decision-making mechanism can effectively reduce the likelihood and impact of risks, ensuring the safe and stable operation of equipment and systems.

[0085] Collect the electrical characteristic information of the overvoltage protector connected to the power grid, construct an electrical characteristic model of the power grid connection, and output the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector.

[0086] The specific analysis process is as follows: Calculate the power grid voltage change frequency signal:

[0087]

[0088] In the formula, Bd is the power grid voltage change frequency signal, U max is the maximum voltage within the monitoring time period, U min is the minimum voltage within the monitoring time period, N is the number of voltage fluctuations within the monitoring time period, T is the duration of the monitoring time period, and e is the natural constant;

[0089] Obtain the average harmonic content of the power grid; Based on the power grid voltage change frequency signal and the average harmonic content of the power grid, construct an electrical characteristic model of the power grid connection:

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, Dq rem is the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector, xbh is the average harmonic content of the power grid, σ 1 is the compensation factor for the power grid voltage change frequency signal Bd set, σ 2 is the compensation factor for xbh set.

[0092] By collecting various electrical characteristic information of the overvoltage protector connected to the power grid, such as the power grid voltage change frequency signal (considering factors such as the maximum voltage, minimum voltage, number of voltage fluctuations, and monitoring duration) and the average harmonic content of the power grid, etc., an electrical characteristic model of the power grid connection is constructed, which can comprehensively and meticulously reflect the impact of the actual operation condition of the power grid on the overvoltage protector. It is no longer limited to a single voltage or current parameter, but combines multiple key electrical parameters, making the assessment of the power grid environment more accurate and comprehensive.

[0093] Real-time calculation of parameters such as the power grid voltage change frequency signal and the average harmonic content of the power grid, and calculation of the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector based on this, can realize real-time monitoring of the change of the power grid environment and pre-positioning of risk early warning. Accurately assessing the impact of the power grid on the overvoltage protector and taking corresponding measures can ensure the stable and reliable operation of the overvoltage protector in the power grid environment.

[0094] Based on the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector and combined with the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector, the updated risk warning level of the overvoltage protector is obtained.

[0095] The specific analysis process is as follows: Compare the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector with the threshold value of the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector stored in the database; if the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector is not lower than the threshold value of the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector, the risk warning correction level corresponding to the electrical risk impact factor of this overvoltage protector is -1; if the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector is lower than the threshold value of the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector, the risk warning correction level corresponding to the electrical risk impact factor of this overvoltage protector is 1; Cumulatively process the risk warning sub-correction level of the overvoltage protector and the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector to obtain the updated risk warning level of the overvoltage protector.

[0096] According to the comparison result of the electrical risk impact factor and the threshold value, the initial risk warning level is corrected to obtain the updated level, realizing the dynamic update of the risk warning level. When the electrical characteristics of the power grid change (such as increased voltage fluctuation, increased harmonic content, etc.), resulting in the electrical risk impact factor being less than the threshold value, the risk warning level can be adjusted in a timely manner to reflect the increase in risk; on the contrary, when the power grid environment improves and the electrical risk impact factor increases, the warning level will also be reduced accordingly. This dynamic update mechanism can track the change trend of the risk in real time, enabling relevant personnel to timely understand the latest dynamics of the equipment risk status.

[0097] The dynamically updated risk warning levels can help improve the flexibility and pertinence of risk management. Different warning levels can correspond to different risk response measures and resource allocation plans. For equipment already at a relatively high risk level, the timely updated warning information can prompt relevant personnel to quickly take effective intervention measures, such as emergency shutdown for maintenance, replacement of damaged components, etc., minimizing the impact of risk events on the equipment and the power system. This way of combining early prevention and timely intervention can significantly improve the safety and reliability of the power system and ensure the continuity and stability of power supply.

[0098] Analyze the operating environment of the overvoltage protector to obtain the operating environment signal of the overvoltage protector, and match the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector based on the operating environment signal of the overvoltage protector.

[0099] The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain the operating environment data of the overvoltage protector. The operating environment data of the overvoltage protector specifically includes the highest operating temperature of the overvoltage protector, the average humidity of the operating environment of the overvoltage protector, the dust concentration of the operating environment of the overvoltage protector, and the electromagnetic interference intensity of the operating environment of the overvoltage protector. Based on the obtained operating environment data of the overvoltage protector, comprehensively analyze to obtain the operating environment signal of the overvoltage protector, and the operating environment signal of the overvoltage protector is used as the analysis basis for matching the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector.

[0100] The specific calculation formula for the operating environment signal of the overvoltage protector is;

[0101]

[0102] In the formula, Env g is the operating environment signal of the overvoltage protector, Tem max is the highest operating temperature of the overvoltage protector, Shd is the average humidity of the operating environment of the overvoltage protector, hc is the dust concentration of the operating environment of the overvoltage protector, dcg is the electromagnetic interference intensity of the operating environment of the overvoltage protector, τ 1 is the compensation factor set for Tem max τ 2 is the compensation factor set for Shd, τ 3 is the compensation factor set for hc, τ 4 is the compensation factor set for dcg, and e is the natural constant.

[0103] Match the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector based on the operating environment signal of the overvoltage protector. The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain the mapping table of the operating environment signal - risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector pre-stored in the database. By searching the mapping table, find the matching risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector according to the operating environment signal of the overvoltage protector.

[0104] By obtaining various data on the usage environment of the overvoltage protector, including the maximum temperature, average temperature, dust concentration, electromagnetic interference intensity, etc., and comprehensively analyzing these data to obtain the usage environment signal, it is possible to comprehensively and meticulously consider the impact of environmental factors on the overvoltage protector. It is no longer limited to a single environmental parameter, but rather comprehensively considers multiple key environmental indicators to more realistically reflect the actual environmental conditions where the device is located.

[0105] Based on the usage environment signal of the overvoltage protector to match the risk warning error level, it is possible to perform error correction related to environmental factors for the risk warning. Different environmental conditions may cause deviations between the actual operating state of the device and the risk warning based on other factors (such as electrical characteristics, the device's own state, etc.). Through the pre-stored mapping table of environmental signal - risk warning error level, by finding the matching error level according to the actual environmental signal, the risk warning result can be adjusted and corrected to make the risk warning more in line with the actual situation and improve the accuracy and reliability of the warning.

[0106] Accurately evaluating the impact of environmental factors on the overvoltage protector and performing corresponding risk warning error correction can ensure the stable and reliable operation of the device in various complex environments. As an important protection device in the power system, the normal operation of the overvoltage protector is crucial for preventing overvoltage from damaging power equipment and ensuring the continuity and stability of the power system. By optimizing environmental management and risk warning, it is possible to reduce equipment failures and misoperations caused by environmental factors, improve the overall stability and reliability of the power system, and ensure the quality and safety of power supply.

[0107] Based on the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level, obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning level and determine the overvoltage protector risk warning plan.

[0108] The specific analysis process is as follows: Add the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning level; obtain the mapping table of overvoltage protector risk warning level - overvoltage protector risk warning plan pre-stored in the database, and by searching the mapping table, according to the overvoltage protector risk warning level, find the matching overvoltage protector risk warning plan.

[0109] By accumulating the overvoltage protector risk warning update level (which combines the electrical risk impact factor and the initial level) and the risk warning error level (which takes into account the usage environment factors) to obtain the final risk warning level, a comprehensive and integrated assessment of the overvoltage protector risk is achieved. This method integrates multi-dimensional information such as the device's own state, the electrical characteristics of the power grid, and the usage environment, avoiding the limitations of single-factor assessment and being able to more accurately reflect the true risk situation faced by the device. For example, when the device is in good condition but in a harsh environment or the power grid fluctuates greatly, relying on information from only one aspect may underestimate the risk, while considering all aspects can more precisely identify the risk.

[0110] According to the finally obtained risk warning level, by looking up the pre-stored risk warning level - risk warning scheme mapping table to determine the matching warning scheme, the precise matching of risk warning and response measures is achieved. Different risk warning levels correspond to different warning schemes, and these schemes can include specific measures such as inspections at different frequencies, specific maintenance operations, and equipment parameter adjustments. A high risk warning level may correspond to emergency measures such as immediate shutdown for maintenance and increasing spare part reserves, while a low risk level may only require regular monitoring and routine maintenance.

[0111] This precise matching can ensure that the risk response measures taken are highly adapted to the actual risk level, avoiding the situations of over-maintenance or under-maintenance. On the one hand, it can effectively reduce the probability of equipment failure and ensure the reliability of the power system; on the other hand, it can also reasonably optimize resource allocation and improve the operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0112] Refer to Figure 2 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention provides an overvoltage protector risk warning system, including an electronic component usage factor acquisition module, a characteristic signal analysis module, a risk warning initial level matching module, an electrical risk impact factor output module, a risk warning update level acquisition module, a risk warning error level matching module, and a risk warning scheme determination module.

[0113] The electronic component usage factor acquisition module is used to collect the electronic component usage data of the overvoltage protector to obtain the electronic component usage factor of the overvoltage protector.

[0114] The characteristic signal analysis module is used to obtain the mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector and combine it with the electronic component usage factor of the overvoltage protector to obtain the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector.

[0115] The risk warning initial level matching module is used to match the risk warning initial level of the overvoltage protector based on the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector.

[0116] The electrical risk impact factor output module is used to collect the electrical characteristic information of the overvoltage protector accessing the power grid, construct an electrical characteristic model for accessing the power grid, and output the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector.

[0117] The risk warning update level acquisition module is used to obtain the updated risk warning level of the overvoltage protector based on the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector and in combination with the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector.

[0118] The risk warning error level matching module is used to analyze the usage environment of the overvoltage protector to obtain the usage environment signal of the overvoltage protector, and match the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector based on the usage environment signal of the overvoltage protector.

[0119] The risk warning scheme determination module is used to obtain the risk warning level of the overvoltage protector based on the updated risk warning level of the overvoltage protector and the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector, and determine the risk warning scheme of the overvoltage protector.

[0120] The above content is only an example and explanation of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this technology can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods for substitution. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by this claims, they should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A risk warning method for an overvoltage protector, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Collecting usage data of electronic components of overvoltage protector to obtain usage factors of electronic components of overvoltage protector; Acquire mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector, and combine it with the use factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector to obtain the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector; Based on the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector, match the initial level of the overvoltage protector risk warning; Collect the electrical characteristics information of the overvoltage protector connected to the grid, build the electrical characteristics model of the grid, and output the electrical risk influencing factors of the overvoltage protector; Based on the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector and combined with the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector, the risk warning update level of the overvoltage protector is obtained; Analyze the use environment of the overvoltage protector to obtain the use environment signal of the overvoltage protector, and match the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector based on the use environment signal of the overvoltage protector; Based on the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level, the overvoltage protector risk warning level is obtained, and the overvoltage protector risk warning plan is determined.

2. The overvoltage protector risk warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overvoltage protector electronic component usage data is collected to obtain the overvoltage protector electronic component usage factor. The specific analysis process is as follows: Analysis of overvoltage protector capacitance attenuation rate: In the formula, a c is the capacitance attenuation rate of the overvoltage protector, C0 is the initial capacitance of the overvoltage protector, C now The actual current capacitance of the overvoltage protector capacitor; Calculate the relative life of the overvoltage protector capacitor: Where, L rel is the relative life of the overvoltage protector capacitor, A is the constant corresponding to the overvoltage protector capacitor stored in the database, e is the natural constant, E a is the activation energy, k is the Boltzmann constant, T ref is the rated operating temperature of the overvoltage protector capacitor, and T is the actual operating temperature of the overvoltage protector capacitor; Get the drift rate of the overvoltage protector resistance value: In the formula, a R is the drift rate of the overvoltage protector resistance value, R0 is the initial resistance value of the overvoltage protector, R now is the actual current resistance value of the overvoltage protector; Get the rate of change of leakage current of the overvoltage protector and lightning arrester: In the formula, a I is the rate of change of the arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector, I0 is the initial arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector, I now is the actual arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector; Based on the overvoltage protector capacitance attenuation rate, the overvoltage protector capacitance relative life, the overvoltage protector resistance drift rate and the overvoltage protector arrester leakage current change rate, the overvoltage protector electronic component usage factor is obtained through comprehensive analysis. The overvoltage protector electronic component usage factor is used as the analysis basis for obtaining the overvoltage protector characteristic signal. The calculation formula for the utilization factor of the overvoltage protector electronic components is: In the formula, Yj g Factor used for overvoltage protector electronics.

3. The overvoltage protector risk warning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Obtain the mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector, and combine it with the use factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector to obtain the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector. The specific analysis process is as follows: Get the RMS acceleration of the overvoltage protector vibration: In the formula, a rms is the RMS acceleration of the overvoltage protector vibration, a i is the vibration acceleration of the i-th overvoltage protector, i is the number of the collected overvoltage protector vibration acceleration, i=1,2,3,...,n, n is the total number of the collected overvoltage protector vibration acceleration; Obtain the maximum vibration frequency and maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector; Based on the RMS acceleration of the overvoltage protector vibration, the maximum vibration frequency of the overvoltage protector, the maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector and the use factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the overvoltage protector characteristic signal, which is used as the analysis basis for matching the initial level of the overvoltage protector risk warning. The calculation formula of the overvoltage protector characteristic signal is: In the formula, Zd g is the mechanical vibration characteristic factor of the overvoltage protector, zdp is the maximum vibration frequency of the overvoltage protector, zdf is the maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector, and Tz is the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector.

4. The overvoltage protector risk warning method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector, the initial level of the overvoltage protector risk warning is matched. The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain an overvoltage protector characteristic signal-overvoltage protector risk warning initial level mapping table pre-stored in the database, and find a matching overvoltage protector risk warning initial level according to the overvoltage protector characteristic signal by searching the mapping table.

5. The overvoltage protector risk warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical characteristic information of the overvoltage protector connected to the power grid is collected, the electrical characteristic model of the connected power grid is constructed, and the electrical risk influencing factor of the overvoltage protector is output. The specific analysis process is as follows: Calculate the grid voltage variation frequency signal: Where, Bd is the grid voltage variation frequency signal, U max is the maximum voltage during the monitoring period, U min is the minimum voltage during the monitoring period, N is the number of voltage fluctuations during the monitoring period, T is the duration of the monitoring period, and e is a natural constant; Obtain the average harmonic content of the power grid; Based on the grid voltage variation frequency signal and the average harmonic content of the grid, the electrical characteristic model of the access grid is constructed: Where Dq rem is the electrical risk influencing factor of the overvoltage protector, xbh is the average harmonic content of the power grid, σ1 is the compensation factor of the set power grid voltage variation frequency signal Bd, and σ2 is the compensation factor of the set xbh.

6. The overvoltage protector risk warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector and combined with the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector, the risk warning update level of the overvoltage protector is obtained. The specific analysis process is as follows: comparing the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector with the threshold value of the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector stored in the database; If the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector is not lower than the threshold value of the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector, the overvoltage protector risk warning correction level corresponding to the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector is -1; If the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector is lower than the threshold value of the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector, the overvoltage protector risk warning correction level corresponding to the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector is 1; The overvoltage protector risk warning sub-correction level is accumulated with the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning update level.

7. The overvoltage protector risk warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overvoltage protector use environment is analyzed to obtain an overvoltage protector use environment signal. The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtaining the overvoltage protector use environment data, which specifically includes the maximum temperature of the overvoltage protector use environment, the average humidity of the overvoltage protector use environment, the dust concentration of the overvoltage protector use environment, and the electromagnetic interference intensity of the overvoltage protector use environment; Based on the acquired overvoltage protector use environment data, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain an overvoltage protector use environment signal, which is used as an analysis basis for matching the overvoltage protector risk warning error level; The specific calculation formula for the overvoltage protector using the environmental signal is: In the formula, Env g Using ambient signal for overvoltage protector, Tem max is the maximum temperature of the overvoltage protector environment, Shd is the average humidity of the overvoltage protector environment, hc is the dust concentration of the overvoltage protector environment, dcg is the electromagnetic interference intensity of the overvoltage protector environment, τ1 is the set Tem max , τ2 is the compensation factor of the set Shd, τ3 is the compensation factor of the set hc, τ4 is the compensation factor of the set dcg, and e is a natural constant.

8. The overvoltage protector risk warning method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Based on the overvoltage protector use environment signal matching overvoltage protector risk warning error level, the specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain an overvoltage protector usage environment signal-overvoltage protector risk warning error level mapping table pre-stored in the database, and find a matching overvoltage protector risk warning error level according to the overvoltage protector usage environment signal by searching the mapping table.

9. The overvoltage protector risk warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level, the overvoltage protector risk warning level is obtained, and the overvoltage protector risk warning scheme is determined. The specific analysis process is as follows: The overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level are accumulated to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning level; Obtain an overvoltage protector risk warning level-overvoltage protector risk warning scheme mapping table pre-stored in the database, and find a matching overvoltage protector risk warning scheme according to the overvoltage protector risk warning level by searching the mapping table.

10. An overvoltage protector risk warning system, applied to an overvoltage protector risk warning method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes an electronic component usage factor acquisition module, a characteristic signal analysis module, a risk warning initial level matching module, an electrical risk impact factor output module, a risk warning update level acquisition module, a risk warning error level matching module and a risk warning scheme determination module, among which: The electronic component usage factor acquisition module is used to collect the usage data of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector and obtain the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector; The characteristic signal analysis module is used to obtain the mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector and obtain the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector in combination with the use factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector; The risk warning initial level matching module is used to match the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level based on the overvoltage protector characteristic signal; The electrical risk impact factor output module is used to collect electrical characteristic information of the overvoltage protector connected to the power grid, build an electrical characteristic model of the connected power grid, and output the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector; The risk warning update level acquisition module is used to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning update level based on the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor and in combination with the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level; The risk warning error level matching module is used to analyze the use environment of the overvoltage protector, obtain the use environment signal of the overvoltage protector, and match the risk warning error level of the overvoltage protector based on the use environment signal of the overvoltage protector; The risk warning scheme determination module is used to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning level and determine the overvoltage protector risk warning scheme based on the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level.

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