Renewable energy source electricity, heat and hydrogen co-production system based on complementary energy / residual hydrogen recycling

Abstract

The invention provides a renewable energy source electricity, heat and hydrogen co-production system based on waste energy / waste hydrogen recycling. The renewable energy source electricity, heat and hydrogen co-production system comprises a direct-current bus, an electrolytic cell, a precooler, a hydrogen storage tank, an energy storage battery, a hydrogen fuel cell, a catalytic burner, a mixing regulation and control device, a water tank and mixing and heat storage integrated equipment. The electrolytic cell, the precooler and the hydrogen storage tank are sequentially communicated to form a hydrogen flow path, the electrolytic cell is communicated with the catalytic burner to form an oxygen flow path, and the electrolytic cell is communicated with the mixed regulation and control device to form a liquid circulation loop; the input end of the mixing and heat storage integrated equipment communicates with the electrolytic bath, the precooler and the catalytic combustor, and the output end of the mixing and heat storage integrated equipment communicates with the mixing regulation and control device. Efficient co-production of renewable energy source electrothermal hydrogen is achieved by fully utilizing waste heat and residual hydrogen in the system, and by fully recycling waste heat generated in the operation process, the ideal working temperature of equipment can be kept, and the overall heat production amount and the energy utilization efficiency of the system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of power generation technology, heat storage technology and cyclic hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a renewable energy electric-thermal-hydrogen cogeneration system based on the recovery and utilization of surplus energy / surplus hydrogen. Background Art

[0002] With the rising cost of traditional energy sources such as coal and oil, and the increasingly serious climate problems such as the greenhouse effect, the use and promotion of energy-saving and emission-reduction technologies and renewable energy have become increasingly important. In the current industrial production activities, due to the limitations of production structure and industrial facilities, a large amount of waste heat resources and industrial intermediates have not been well recycled, resulting in huge energy waste. Therefore, the effective and reasonable use of waste heat and waste hydrogen resources is of great significance to sustainable development.

[0003] As a clean and renewable energy source, hydrogen energy has attracted widespread attention from all over the world in the context of global energy transformation. At present, industrial hydrogen production and storage technology are relatively mature, but this technology has the limitation of being highly dependent on electricity, which is particularly prominent during peak hours of electricity consumption and in areas with power shortages. In order to meet the above challenges, it is urgent to build an electricity-hydrogen cogeneration system that combines peak electricity production with energy storage power generation.

[0004] The advantage of the electricity-hydrogen cogeneration system is that it can effectively integrate the power system and hydrogen production, improving energy efficiency while achieving optimal power configuration. However, the existing electricity-hydrogen cogeneration system also has some limitations: the energy consumption during hydrogen compression is large, the storage difficulty increases due to the increase in hydrogen temperature, and the energy loss caused by the incomplete reaction of hydrogen fuel cells. At the same time, the waste heat generated during the production and conversion of hydrogen energy also brings additional burdens to the thermal management of the system, and the loss of this part of heat energy also reduces the energy utilization efficiency of the system. Therefore, in order to achieve efficient operation of the electricity-hydrogen cogeneration system, in-depth research and optimization of the system structure is urgently needed.

[0005] After investigating and searching the existing patent technologies, it was found that patent CN117246977A provides a comprehensive device for producing hydrogen and oxygen from industrial waste heat. The device uses industrial waste heat to produce hydrogen through thermochemical cycle hydrogen production technology. While achieving efficient utilization of industrial waste heat, it reduces the fossil energy consumed by the factory to produce hydrogen and the carbon emissions generated. However, the process of thermochemical cycle hydrogen production requires a large amount of electrical energy to maintain the reaction conditions. The rising electricity costs during peak periods of electricity consumption and unstable power supply may challenge the economy and stability of this patent. Patent CN117987854A adopts low-manufacturing-cost module integration to achieve the co-production of electricity, heat, and hydrogen at a lower development cost, thereby maximizing energy efficiency. However, each module in the patent adopts a separate operation and maintenance method, and fails to fully recycle the waste heat resources in the water electrolysis hydrogen production module.

[0006] In summary, there is an urgent need to establish an electric heat and hydrogen cogeneration system that can realize the recovery and utilization of waste heat / waste hydrogen. This system can not only improve the overall energy utilization efficiency, but also help reduce energy consumption costs and improve economic benefits. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a renewable energy electric heat hydrogen cogeneration system based on the recovery and utilization of surplus energy / surplus hydrogen.

[0008] According to the present invention, a renewable energy electric-heat-hydrogen cogeneration system based on the recovery and utilization of surplus energy / surplus hydrogen includes: a DC bus, an electrolyzer, a precooler, a hydrogen storage tank, an energy storage battery, a hydrogen fuel cell, a catalytic burner, a mixing control device, a water tank, and a mixing and heat storage integrated device; The output end of the DC bus is connected to the electrolyzer and the energy storage battery respectively, and the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the input end of the DC bus; The electrolyzer produces hydrogen, oxygen and unreacted water through the hydrogen production reaction of water electrolysis. The hydrogen output end of the electrolyzer, the precooler and the hydrogen storage tank are connected in sequence to form a hydrogen flow path. The hydrogen output end of the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell and the catalytic burner respectively. The oxygen output end of the electrolyzer is connected to the input end of the catalytic burner to form an oxygen flow path. The electrolyzer is connected to the mixing control device to form a liquid circulation loop. The input end of the mixing and heat storage integrated device is respectively connected to the cooling pipeline of the electrolyzer, the cooling pipeline of the precooler, and the liquid output end of the catalytic burner, and the output end of the mixing and heat storage integrated device is connected to the mixing control device; The water tank is connected to the cooling pipeline of the hydrogen fuel cell to form a hydrogen fuel cell cooling circuit, and a thermal compensation heat exchanger is provided on the hydrogen fuel cell cooling circuit. The mixing and heat storage integrated equipment and the thermal compensation heat exchanger are connected to form a liquid circulation circuit.

[0009] Preferably, the electrolyzer includes a water electrolysis hydrogen production reaction generator, a cooling circuit and a gas-liquid separation device. The water supply pipeline of the water electrolysis hydrogen production reaction generator is connected to the output end of the mixing control device, the input end of the cooling circuit is connected to the normal pressure water supply pipeline, and the output end of the gas-liquid separation device is respectively connected to the catalytic burner, the precooler and the mixing control device.

[0010] Preferably, the mixing and control device includes a mixing container and a control system, a first booster pump is provided on the connecting pipeline between the output end of the gas-liquid separation device and the mixing container, and a second booster pump is provided on the connecting pipeline between the output end of the mixing and heat storage integrated equipment and the mixing container.

[0011] Preferably, the liquid input end of the precooler is connected to a high-pressure water supply pipeline, and the liquid output end of the precooler is connected to the mixing control device and the mixing and heat storage integrated equipment respectively.

[0012] Preferably, a compressor is provided on the connecting pipeline between the precooler and the hydrogen storage tank.

[0013] Preferably, a pressure reducing valve and heat exchanger integrated device is provided on the hydrogen circulation pipeline between the hydrogen output end of the hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen input end of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the pressure reducing valve and heat exchanger integrated device includes a pressure reducing valve and a heat exchanger, and the pressure reducing valve is provided on the hydrogen circulation pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, the liquid output end of the cooling pipeline of the hydrogen fuel cell, the heat exchanger, and the liquid input end of the water tank are connected in sequence.

[0015] Preferably, the thermal compensation heat exchanger is connected to a liquid circulation pipeline between a liquid output end of the hydrogen fuel cell and a liquid input end of the heat exchanger, and the liquid circulation pipeline is connected to the thermal compensation heat exchanger to form a liquid circulation loop.

[0016] Preferably, the hydrogen output end of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the catalytic burner.

[0017] Preferably, the energy storage battery is connected to a water-water heat exchanger, the water-water heat exchanger is connected to the cooling pipeline of the energy storage battery to form a cooling circuit, and the input end of the integrated mixing and heat storage device is connected to the water-water heat exchanger through the water-water heat exchanger heat transfer pipeline.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention realizes efficient co-production of renewable energy electric heat and hydrogen by making full use of the waste heat and waste hydrogen inside the system. By fully recycling and utilizing the waste heat generated by the electrolyzer and the energy storage battery during operation, it helps to maintain the ideal operating temperature of the equipment and improve the overall heat production and energy utilization efficiency of the system. By making full use of the unreacted waste hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell and combining it with a catalytic burner to obtain high-temperature water, the heating temperature of the system can be effectively increased and efficient utilization of hydrogen can be achieved. By utilizing cold fluid to reduce the hydrogen temperature at the compressor inlet, the power consumption of the compressor can be effectively reduced and the heat production of the system can be increased. By adopting an integrated device of a pressure reducing valve and a heat exchanger, the hydrogen entering the hydrogen fuel cell can be preheated while improving the compactness of the structure, thereby improving the working efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings: Figure 1The present invention mainly embodies the structure of a renewable energy electric-thermal-hydrogen cogeneration system based on the recovery and utilization of surplus energy / surplus hydrogen.

[0020] As shown in the figure: DC bus 1; electrolyzer transmission line 2; electrolyzer 3; electrolyzer oxygen outlet pipe 4; electrolyzer hydrogen outlet pipe 5; precooler 6; precooler gas outlet pipe 7; compressor 8; compressor outlet pipe 9; hydrogen storage tank 10; energy storage battery cooling circuit outlet pipe 11; energy storage battery transmission line 12; energy storage battery 13; energy storage battery cooling circuit inlet pipe 14; hydrogen storage tank first gas outlet pipe 15; hydrogen storage tank second gas outlet pipe 16; pressure reducing valve and heat exchanger integrated device 17; pressure reducing valve gas outlet pipe 18; second three-way valve 19; hydrogen fuel cell cooling circuit outlet pipe 20; hydrogen fuel cell 21; hydrogen fuel cell transmission line 22; hydrogen fuel cell cooling circuit inlet pipe 23; hydrogen fuel cell gas outlet pipe 24; catalytic burner 25; normal pressure water supply pipeline 26; electrolyzer cooling circuit outlet pipe 27; mixing control device outlet pipe 28; electrolyzer liquid outlet pipe 29; first booster pump 3 0; first inlet pipe 31 of mixing and regulating device; mixing and regulating device 32; second inlet pipe 33 of mixing and regulating device; second boosting pump 34; first liquid outlet pipe 35 of heat storage device; third inlet pipe 36 of mixing and regulating device; first three-way valve 37; liquid outlet pipe 38 of precooler; liquid outlet pipe 39 of first three-way valve; high-pressure water supply pipeline 40; heat compensation liquid inlet pipe 41; heat compensation heat exchanger 42; second liquid outlet pipe 43 of second three-way valve; heat compensation liquid outlet pipe 44; third three-way valve 45; liquid inlet pipe 46 of heat exchanger; first working fluid pump 47; catalytic burner outlet pipe 48; liquid inlet pipe 49 of heat storage device; second liquid outlet pipe 50 of heat storage device; water tank outlet pipe 51; water tank 52; liquid outlet pipe 53 of heat exchanger; second working fluid pump 54; liquid outlet pipe 55 of water-water heat exchanger; heat transfer pipeline 56 of water-water heat exchanger; water-water heat exchanger 57; integrated mixing and heat storage device 58. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several changes and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1As shown, a renewable energy electric heat and hydrogen cogeneration system based on waste energy / waste hydrogen recovery and utilization provided by the present invention comprises: a DC bus 1, an electrolyzer 3, a precooler 6, a hydrogen storage tank 10, an energy storage battery 13, a hydrogen fuel cell 21, a catalytic burner 25, a mixing control device 32, a water tank 52, a mixing and heat storage integrated device 58, three valve bodies and a plurality of transmission lines; the output end of the DC bus 1 is respectively connected to the electrolyzer 3 and the energy storage battery 13 through a transmission line, and the hydrogen fuel cell 21 is connected to the input end of the DC bus 1 through a transmission line; the electrolyzer 3 produces hydrogen, oxygen and unreacted water through a hydrogen production reaction by electrolyzing water, and the hydrogen output end of the electrolyzer 3, the precooler 6 and the hydrogen storage tank 10 are connected in sequence to form a hydrogen flow path, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 10 The gas output end is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 21 and the catalytic burner 25 respectively, the oxygen output end of the electrolyzer 3 is connected to the input end of the catalytic burner 25 to form an oxygen flow path, and the electrolyzer 3 is connected to the mixing control device 32 to form a liquid circulation loop; the input end of the mixing and heat storage integrated equipment 58 is connected to the cooling pipeline of the electrolyzer 3, the cooling pipeline of the precooler 6, and the liquid output end of the catalytic burner 25 respectively, and the output end of the mixing and heat storage integrated equipment 58 is connected to the mixing control device 32; the water tank 52 is connected to the cooling pipeline of the hydrogen fuel cell 21 to form a hydrogen fuel cell cooling loop, and a heat compensation heat exchanger 42 is provided on the hydrogen fuel cell cooling loop, and the mixing and heat storage integrated equipment 58 and the heat compensation heat exchanger 42 are connected to form a liquid circulation loop.

[0023] The DC bus 1 is connected to the electrolyzer 3 through the electrolyzer transmission line 2, the DC bus 1 is connected to the energy storage battery 13 through the energy storage battery transmission line 12, and the DC bus 1 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 21 through the hydrogen fuel cell transmission line 22. When the DC bus 1 is in the low power consumption, the electrolyzer transmission line 2 transmits the electric energy to the electrolyzer 3 to start hydrogen production. When the DC bus 1 is in the peak power consumption, the electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 21 is transmitted to the DC bus 1 through the hydrogen fuel cell transmission line 22.

[0024] The electrolyzer 3 includes a water electrolysis hydrogen production reaction generator, a cooling circuit and a gas-liquid separation device. The water supply pipeline of the water electrolysis hydrogen production reaction generator is connected to the output end of the mixing control device 32, the input end of the cooling circuit is connected to the normal pressure water supply pipeline 26, and the output end of the gas-liquid separation device is respectively connected to the catalytic burner 25, the precooler 6 and the mixing control device 32.

[0025] The water supply pipeline of the water electrolysis hydrogen production reaction generator is connected to the outlet pipe 28 of the mixing control device.

[0026] The cooling circuit inlet is connected to the normal pressure water supply pipeline 26, and the normal pressure water supply pipeline 26 is connected to the lower end inlet of the mixing and heat storage integrated device 58 through the electrolytic cell 3 and the electrolytic cell cooling circuit outlet pipe 27.

[0027] The outlet of the gas-liquid separation device is connected to the inlet of the catalytic burner 25 through the oxygen outlet pipe 4 of the electrolyzer, connected to the inlet of the compressor 8 through the hydrogen outlet pipe 5 of the electrolyzer via the precooler 6, and connected to the first inlet pipe 31 of the mixing control device through the liquid outlet pipe 29 of the electrolyzer via the first booster pump 30.

[0028] The mixing control device 32 includes a mixing container and a control system. A first booster pump 30 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the output end of the gas-liquid separation device and the mixing container. A second booster pump 34 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the output end of the mixing and heat storage integrated equipment 58 and the mixing container.

[0029] The left end outlet of the integrated mixing and heat storage device 58 is connected to the second inlet pipe 33 of the mixing control device after passing through the first liquid outlet pipe 35 of the heat storage device and the second booster pump 34, and the right end outlet of the integrated mixing and heat storage device 58 is connected to the right end inlet of the integrated mixing and heat storage device 58 after passing through the heat compensation heat exchanger 42.

[0030] The liquid input end of the precooler 6 is connected to a high-pressure water supply pipe 40, and the liquid output end of the precooler 6 is respectively connected to the mixing control device 32 and the mixing and heat storage integrated device 58. The high-pressure water supply pipe 40 is connected to the inlet of the first three-way valve 37 through the precooler 6 and the precooler liquid outlet pipe 38; the outlet pipe of the first three-way valve 37 is connected to the mixing control device 32 through the third inlet pipe 36 of the mixing control device, and is connected to the mixing and heat storage integrated device 58 through the first three-way valve liquid outlet pipe 39.

[0031] A compressor 8 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the precooler 6 and the hydrogen storage tank 10. The compressor 8 is connected to the left end inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 10 through a compressor outlet pipe 9.

[0032] A pressure reducing valve and heat exchanger integrated device 17 is provided on the hydrogen flow pipeline between the hydrogen output end of the hydrogen storage tank 10 and the hydrogen input end of the hydrogen fuel cell 21. The pressure reducing valve and heat exchanger integrated device 17 includes a pressure reducing valve and a heat exchanger. The pressure reducing valve is provided on the hydrogen flow pipeline. The right end of the hydrogen storage tank 10 is connected to the inlet of the pressure reducing valve and heat exchanger integrated device 17 through the second gas outlet pipe 16 of the hydrogen storage tank. The outlet of the pressure reducing valve and heat exchanger integrated device 17 is connected to the inlet of the left end of the hydrogen fuel cell 21 through the pressure reducing valve gas outlet pipe 18.

[0033] The liquid output end of the cooling pipeline of the hydrogen fuel cell 21, the heat exchanger, and the liquid input end of the water tank 52 are connected in sequence. The thermal compensation heat exchanger 42 is connected to the liquid circulation pipeline between the liquid output end of the hydrogen fuel cell 21 and the liquid input end of the heat exchanger, and the liquid circulation pipeline is connected to the thermal compensation heat exchanger 42 to form a liquid circulation loop.

[0034] The right end of the water tank 52 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell cooling circuit inlet pipe 23 through the water tank outlet pipe 51 and the first working fluid pump 47, and then connected to the inlet of the second three-way valve 19 through the hydrogen fuel cell 21 and the hydrogen fuel cell cooling circuit outlet pipe 20.

[0035] The second three-way valve liquid outlet pipe 43 is connected to the inlet of the third three-way valve 45. Another outlet of the second three-way valve 19 is connected to the inlet of the thermal compensation heat exchanger 42 through the thermal compensation liquid inlet pipe 41, and then connected to the inlet of the third three-way valve 45 through the thermal compensation liquid outlet pipe 44. The outlet of the third three-way valve 45 is connected to the pressure reducing valve and heat exchanger integrated device 17 through the heat exchanger liquid inlet pipe 46, and then connected to the upper inlet of the water tank 52 through the heat exchanger liquid outlet pipe 53.

[0036] The hydrogen output end of the hydrogen fuel cell 21 is connected to the catalytic burner 25. The right end of the hydrogen fuel cell 21 is connected to the inlet of the catalytic burner 25 through the hydrogen fuel cell gas outlet pipe 24. The upper end of the hydrogen storage tank 10 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell gas outlet pipe 24 through the hydrogen storage tank first gas outlet pipe 15.

[0037] The energy storage battery 13 is connected to a water-water heat exchanger 57, which is connected to the cooling pipeline of the energy storage battery 13 to form a cooling circuit. The input end of the mixing and heat storage integrated device 58 is connected to the water-water heat exchanger 57 through the water-water heat exchanger heat transfer pipeline 56. The right end outlet of the water-water heat exchanger 57 is connected to the energy storage battery 13 after passing through the second working fluid pump 54 and the energy storage battery cooling circuit inlet pipe 14, and then connected to the left end inlet of the water-water heat exchanger 57 through the energy storage battery cooling circuit outlet pipe 11. The water-water heat exchanger 57 is connected to the mixing and heat storage integrated device 58 through the heat transfer pipeline 56.

[0038] The catalytic burner 25 is connected to the lower inlet of the mixing and heat storage integrated device 58 through the catalytic burner outlet pipe 48 .

[0039] The steps for running this application are as follows: Step 1: When the power demand of the DC bus 1 is at a low peak (monitored and identified by the power grid control system), the electrolyzer 3 obtains power from the DC bus 1 and starts the water electrolysis hydrogen production reaction: the reaction process produces hydrogen, byproduct oxygen, unreacted water and excess heat. The hydrogen passes through the gas-liquid separation device and then enters the precooler 6 through the electrolyzer hydrogen outlet pipe 5; the oxygen passes through the gas-liquid separation device and then enters the catalytic burner 25 through the electrolyzer oxygen outlet pipe 4; the unreacted water passes through the gas-liquid separation device and then is pressurized by the first booster pump 30 along the electrolyzer liquid outlet pipe 29 and connected to the first inlet pipe 31 of the mixing control device. After the hydrogen is cooled by the precooler 6, it enters the compressor 8 through the precooler gas outlet pipe 7. The cold fluid in the precooler 6 is used to reduce the temperature of the hydrogen, which can effectively reduce the system power consumption of the compressor 8 and increase the system heat generation. After being compressed, the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage tank along the compressor outlet pipe 9 for storage.

[0040] Step 2: When the DC bus 1 is at the peak of power consumption (monitored and identified by the power grid control system), the hydrogen fuel cell 21 starts working and converts the stored hydrogen energy into electrical energy and transmits it to the DC bus 1 through the transmission line 22. The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 10 enters the integrated device 17 of the pressure reducing valve and heat exchanger along the second gas outlet pipe 16 of the hydrogen storage tank. The device can preheat and reduce the pressure of the hydrogen entering the hydrogen fuel cell 21 while improving the compactness of the structure, thereby improving the working efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 21. The preheated hydrogen enters the hydrogen fuel cell 21 along the gas outlet pipe 18 of the pressure reducing valve. In summary, this system can dynamically adjust the ratio of power production to hydrogen production according to the fluctuation of electricity prices and energy demand in the power market, and meet the power supply demand while ensuring the economy of the system.

[0041] Step 3: In view of the heat generated by the electrolyzer, energy storage battery and hydrogen fuel cell during operation, a reasonably designed cooling and heat recovery device can maintain the ideal operating temperature of the equipment and increase the overall heat generation of the system. After passing through the cooling circuit of the electrolyzer, the normal pressure water supply pipeline 26 transfers the heat to the mixing and heat storage integrated device 58 along the outlet pipe 27 of the electrolyzer cooling circuit. After cooling the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer 3 in the precooler 6, the high pressure water supply pipeline 40 is connected to the first three-way valve 37, wherein part of the heat enters the mixing and heat storage integrated device 58 through the first three-way valve liquid outlet pipe 39, and the other part continues to be connected to the mixing control device 32 along the third inlet pipe 36 of the mixing control device. The hot water in the mixing and heat storage integrated device 58 is connected to the second inlet pipe 33 of the mixing control device after being pressurized by the second booster pump 34 through the first liquid outlet pipe 35 of the heat storage device. By flexibly adjusting the proportion of the water flow in each inlet pipe in the mixing control device, water of suitable temperature is provided to the electrolyzer 3 through the outlet pipe 28 of the mixing control device. At the same time, the cold water in the water-water heat exchanger 57 flows out from the water-water heat exchanger liquid outlet pipe 55, is connected to the cooling circuit of the energy storage battery 13 through the second working fluid pump 54, and flows back to the water-water heat exchanger 57 through the energy storage battery cooling circuit outlet pipe 11, and this part of the heat is transferred to the mixing and heat storage integrated equipment 58 along the water-water heat exchanger heat transfer pipeline 56.

[0042] At the same time, in order to better ensure the working temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell, the cold water in the water tank 52 is pressurized by the water tank outlet pipe 51 and the first working fluid pump 47 and enters the hydrogen fuel cell cooling circuit. The water after heat exchange passes through the hydrogen fuel cell cooling circuit outlet pipe 20 and is connected to the second three-way valve 19, and further passes through the third three-way valve 45 along the second three-way valve liquid outlet pipe 43 and enters the pressure reducing valve and heat exchanger integrated device 17. In order to better preheat the hydrogen entering the hydrogen fuel cell 21, a path is drawn from the second three-way valve 19 and heated by the heat compensation heat exchanger 42 and then flows into the third three-way valve 45, thereby increasing the water temperature flowing through the pressure reducing valve and heat exchanger integrated device 17, and the water after heat exchange flows back to the water tank 52 through the heat exchanger liquid outlet pipe 53.

[0043] This application makes full use of the waste heat and waste hydrogen inside the system to achieve efficient co-production of renewable energy, electricity, heat and hydrogen.

[0044] The present application aims to solve the problems of high power consumption and high temperature during the hydrogen compression process at the outlet of the electrolyzer 3 , and utilizes a cold fluid to reduce the hydrogen temperature at the inlet of the compressor 8 , which can effectively reduce the internal energy consumption of the system caused by the power consumption of the compressor 8 and increase the heat generation of the system.

[0045] The integration of the pressure reducing valve and the heat exchanger at the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 10 of the present application can improve the compactness of the structure while preheating the hydrogen entering the hydrogen fuel cell 21, thereby improving the working efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 21.

[0046] The present application makes full use of the unreacted residual hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 21 and combines it with the catalytic burner 25 to obtain high-temperature water, which can effectively increase the heating temperature of the system while achieving efficient use of hydrogen.

[0047] The present application fully recycles and utilizes the waste heat generated by the electrolytic cell 3 and the energy storage battery 13 during operation, which not only helps to maintain the ideal operating temperature of the equipment, but also improves the overall heat generation and energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0048] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0049] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A renewable energy electric-thermal-hydrogen cogeneration system based on the recovery and utilization of surplus energy / surplus hydrogen, characterized in that: include: DC bus (1), electrolyzer (3), precooler (6), hydrogen storage tank (10), energy storage battery (13), hydrogen fuel cell (21), catalytic burner (25), mixing control device (32), water tank (52), mixing and heat storage integrated equipment (58); The output end of the DC bus (1) is connected to the electrolyzer (3) and the energy storage battery (13) respectively, and the hydrogen fuel cell (21) is connected to the input end of the DC bus (1); The electrolyzer (3) produces hydrogen, oxygen and unreacted water through a hydrogen production reaction by electrolyzing water; the hydrogen output end of the electrolyzer (3), the precooler (6) and the hydrogen storage tank (10) are connected in sequence to form a hydrogen flow path; the hydrogen output end of the hydrogen storage tank (10) is connected to a hydrogen fuel cell (21) and a catalytic burner (25) respectively; the oxygen output end of the electrolyzer (3) is connected to an input end of the catalytic burner (25) to form an oxygen flow path; and the electrolyzer (3) is connected to a mixing control device (32) to form a liquid circulation loop; The input end of the integrated mixing and heat storage device (58) is respectively connected to the cooling pipeline of the electrolytic cell (3), the cooling pipeline of the precooler (6), and the liquid output end of the catalytic burner (25), and the output end of the integrated mixing and heat storage device (58) is connected to the mixing control device (32); The water tank (52) is connected to the cooling pipeline of the hydrogen fuel cell (21) to form a hydrogen fuel cell cooling circuit, and a heat compensation heat exchanger (42) is provided on the hydrogen fuel cell cooling circuit. The mixing and heat storage integrated device (58) and the heat compensation heat exchanger (42) are connected to form a liquid circulation circuit.

2. The renewable energy electric-thermal-hydrogen cogeneration system based on the recovery and utilization of surplus energy / surplus hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyzer (3) comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production reaction generator, a cooling circuit and a gas-liquid separation device; the water supply pipeline of the water electrolysis hydrogen production reaction generator is connected to the output end of the mixing control device (32); the input end of the cooling circuit is connected to the normal pressure water supply pipeline (26); and the output end of the gas-liquid separation device is respectively connected to the catalytic burner (25), the precooler (6) and the mixing control device (32).

3. The renewable energy electric-thermal-hydrogen cogeneration system based on the recovery and utilization of surplus energy / surplus hydrogen as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The mixing control device (32) comprises a mixing container and a control system, a first booster pump (30) is provided on the connecting pipeline between the output end of the gas-liquid separation device and the mixing container, and a second booster pump (34) is provided on the connecting pipeline between the output end of the mixing and heat storage integrated device (58) and the mixing container.

4. The renewable energy electric-thermal-hydrogen cogeneration system based on the recovery and utilization of surplus energy / surplus hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid input end of the precooler (6) is connected to a high-pressure water supply pipeline (40), and the liquid output end of the precooler (6) is respectively connected to the mixing control device (32) and the mixing and heat storage integrated equipment (58).

5. The renewable energy electric-thermal-hydrogen cogeneration system based on the recovery and utilization of surplus energy / surplus hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that: A compressor (8) is provided on the connecting pipeline between the precooler (6) and the hydrogen storage tank (10).

6. The renewable energy electric-thermal-hydrogen cogeneration system based on the recovery and utilization of surplus energy / surplus hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure reducing valve and heat exchanger integrated device (17) is provided on the hydrogen circulation pipeline between the hydrogen output end of the hydrogen storage tank (10) and the hydrogen input end of the hydrogen fuel cell (21), the pressure reducing valve and heat exchanger integrated device (17) comprising a pressure reducing valve and a heat exchanger, and the pressure reducing valve is provided on the hydrogen circulation pipeline.

7. The renewable energy electric-thermal-hydrogen cogeneration system based on the recovery and utilization of surplus energy / surplus hydrogen according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid output end of the cooling pipeline of the hydrogen fuel cell (21), the heat exchanger, and the liquid input end of the water tank (52) are connected in sequence.

8. The renewable energy electric-thermal-hydrogen cogeneration system based on the recovery and utilization of surplus energy / surplus hydrogen as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The thermal compensation heat exchanger (42) is connected to a liquid circulation pipeline between a liquid output end of the hydrogen fuel cell (21) and a liquid input end of the heat exchanger, and the liquid circulation pipeline is connected to the thermal compensation heat exchanger (42) to form a liquid circulation loop.

9. The renewable energy electric-thermal-hydrogen cogeneration system based on the recovery and utilization of surplus energy / surplus hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen output end of the hydrogen fuel cell (21) is in communication with the catalytic burner (25).

10. The renewable energy electric-thermal-hydrogen cogeneration system based on the recovery and utilization of surplus energy / surplus hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage battery (13) is connected to a water-water heat exchanger (57), the water-water heat exchanger (57) is connected to a cooling pipeline of the energy storage battery (13) to form a cooling circuit, and the input end of the mixing and heat storage integrated device (58) is connected to the water-water heat exchanger (57) via a water-water heat exchanger heat transfer pipeline (56).

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