Power device and vehicle
Through the power device with integrated capacitors and heat dissipation structure, the problems of insufficient heat dissipation performance and low switching frequency in the prior art are solved, and higher power density and efficiency are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510158154.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing power devices have problems such as insufficient heat dissipation performance and low switching frequency in efficiently allocating the electrical power of power batteries, resulting in low power density and low efficiency.
A power device integrating capacitor and heat dissipation structure is designed. The capacitor housing and heat dissipation structure are fixed to the base housing through fasteners. The heat dissipation structure integrates a power switch and improves heat dissipation efficiency through the thermal conductivity layer.
Achieve higher power density, higher switching frequency and switching speed, improve heat dissipation performance, reduce losses and improve efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN120050984A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of automotive components. Specifically, it relates to a power device and a vehicle equipped with the power device. Background Art
[0002] The information provided in this section is for the purpose of generally presenting the background of the present disclosure. To the extent described in this section, the work of the currently named inventors and aspects that may not constitute prior art descriptions at the time of filing are neither expressly nor impliedly considered prior art to the present disclosure.
[0003] With the continuous development of new energy technologies, hydrogen fuel cells are gradually entering the transportation field with their characteristics of being green and energy-saving. In new energy vehicles, a power device is used to distribute the electric power of a power battery (such as a battery stack) and / or an external power source among multiple components of the vehicle, such as motors, on-vehicle transformer units, heating devices, air-conditioning compressors, etc. Summary of the Invention
[0004] According to the present application, a power device is provided. The power device includes:
[0005] A base housing;
[0006] A capacitor, which is located within the base housing and includes a capacitor housing; and
[0007] A heat dissipation structure, which is located above the capacitor and integrates a power module for electrically connecting to the capacitor,
[0008] wherein the capacitor housing and the heat dissipation structure are provided with fixing structures at the same position, and the capacitor housing and the heat dissipation structure are fixed to the base housing by fasteners through the fixing structures of the capacitor housing and the heat dissipation structure.
[0009] Optionally, in the above power device, the power module includes a power switch and a positive bus bar and a negative bus bar that are electrically connected to the power switch,
[0010] wherein the heat dissipation structure includes a first heat dissipation structure and a second heat dissipation structure. The first heat dissipation structure is internally provided with a cooling channel for circulating a coolant, and the second heat dissipation structure integrates the power switch,
[0011] Among them, the capacitor further includes an input capacitor and an output capacitor. The input capacitor is provided with a positive bus bar and a negative bus bar. The positive bus bar of the input capacitor is electrically connected to the positive bus bar of the power module by screws, and the negative bus bar of the input capacitor is electrically connected to the negative bus bar of the power module by screws. The output capacitor is provided with a positive bus bar and a negative bus bar. The positive bus bar of the output capacitor is electrically connected to the positive bus bar of the power module by screws, and the negative bus bar of the output capacitor is electrically connected to the negative bus bar of the power module by screws.
[0012] Optionally, in the above power device, the first heat dissipation structure is made of metal or plastic, and the second heat dissipation structure is made of plastic; and / or
[0013] The capacitor housing is made of metal or plastic; and / or
[0014] The fastener is a screw; and / or
[0015] The input capacitor includes four capacitor cores and the output capacitor includes eight capacitor cores. The four capacitor cores of the input capacitor are divided into two groups and are symmetrically arranged left and right with respect to the center line of the capacitor, and the eight capacitor cores of the output capacitor are divided into two groups and are symmetrically arranged left and right with respect to the center line of the capacitor.
[0016] Optionally, in the above power device, the power device is a power transmission unit; and / or
[0017] The fixing structure is a through hole or a notch; and / or
[0018] A first heat conduction layer is provided between the capacitor housing and the base housing, and a second heat conduction layer is provided between the heat dissipation structure and the capacitor.
[0019] Optionally, in the above power device, the capacitor housing has a protrusion for setting the fixing structure. The protrusion extends outward along the direction of the plane where the capacitor housing is located, and a reinforcing rib plate is provided at the bottom of the protrusion.
[0020] Optionally, in the above power device, the input capacitor and the output capacitor share the same capacitor housing.
[0021] Optionally, in the above power device, the material of the first heat conduction layer and / or the second heat conduction layer is a thermal interface material; and / or
[0022] The first heat-conducting layer covers the entire lower surface of the capacitor housing, and the second heat-conducting layer covers the entire upper surface of the capacitor housing.
[0023] Optionally, in the above-mentioned power device, the second heat dissipation structure is provided with honeycomb-shaped reinforcing ribs.
[0024] Optionally, in the above-mentioned power device, the number of the protrusions is at least four, and the at least four protrusions are arranged on a circumference centered on the center of the capacitor housing.
[0025] In addition, according to the present application, a vehicle is further provided, and the vehicle is configured with the above-mentioned power device.
[0026] It can be understood that the power device of the present application integrates the capacitor into the interior of the power device housing. In this way, the integration degree is higher. Not only can a higher power density be obtained, losses be reduced and efficiency be improved, but also a higher switching frequency and switching speed can be achieved. In addition, it is beneficial to improve the heat dissipation performance of the power device and facilitate the passage of a larger current. On the other hand, the power device of the present application omits the components for fixing the capacitor separately, greatly shortens the dimension chain, and effectively saves the material cost and installation cost. Description of the Drawings
[0027] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the disclosure of the present application will become more understandable. It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that these drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. In addition, similar numbers in the drawings are used to represent similar components, where:
[0028] Figure 1 Exemplarily shows a three-dimensional exploded structural schematic diagram of the power device disclosed according to the present application;
[0029] Figure 2 Exemplarily shows a structural schematic diagram of the power device disclosed according to the present application after assembly;
[0030] Figure 3 Exemplarily shows a three-dimensional exploded structural schematic diagram of the capacitor and the heat dissipation structure of the power device disclosed according to the present application;
[0031] Figure 4 Exemplarily shows a structural schematic diagram of the capacitor and the heat dissipation structure of the power device disclosed according to the present application from a first perspective;
[0032] Figure 5 Exemplarily shows a structural schematic diagram of the capacitor and the heat dissipation structure of the power device disclosed according to the present application from a second perspective;
[0033] Figure 6Exemplarily shown is a schematic structural diagram of a capacitor and a power module of a power device disclosed in the present application after assembly is completed;
[0034] Figure 7 Exemplarily shown is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of a capacitor and a power module of a power device disclosed in the present application; and
[0035] Figure 8 Exemplarily shown is a schematic structural diagram of a capacitor of a power device disclosed in the present application. Detailed Description of the Invention
[0036] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description will be given of specific embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, it should be noted that the orientation terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inner, outer, top, and bottom mentioned or possibly mentioned in this specification are defined with respect to the structures shown in the respective drawings, and they are relative concepts. Therefore, they may change accordingly depending on their different positions and different usage states. So, these or other orientation terms should not be construed as restrictive terms.
[0037] In the present application, the terms "install", "set", "arrange", "provide", "connect", "couple", "join" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or there can be internal communication between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0038] Figure 1 Shows a schematic structure of a power device disclosed in the present application. As Figures 1 to 3 clearly visible, the power device 10 is composed of a base housing 100, a capacitor 200, a heat dissipation structure 300, etc. The capacitor 200 is located within the base housing 100 and includes a capacitor housing 210. The heat dissipation structure 300 is located above the capacitor 200 and integrates a power module 700 for electrical connection to the capacitor 200. As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the capacitor housing 210 and the heat dissipation structure 300 are provided with a fixing structure 800, such as a through hole or a notch, at the same position, and the capacitor housing 210 and the heat dissipation structure 300 are fixed to the base housing 100 by fasteners 600, such as screws, through the fixing structure 800 of the capacitor housing 210 and the heat dissipation structure 300.
[0039] It should be noted that the power device of the present application integrates a capacitor into the housing of the power device, so that the integration degree is higher. Not only can a higher power density be obtained, but also the switching frequency and switching speed can be increased. On the other hand, integrating the power module and the heat dissipation structure together can bring better heat dissipation performance.
[0040] Referring simultaneously to Figure 4 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the power module 700 includes a power switch 710, a positive bus bar 720 and a negative bus bar 730 that are electrically connected to the power switch 710. The heat dissipation structure 300 includes a first heat dissipation structure 310 and a second heat dissipation structure 320, and the first heat dissipation structure 310 and the second heat dissipation structure 320 are provided with a fixing structure 800 at the same position. Among them, a cooling channel (not shown) for circulating a coolant is provided inside the first heat dissipation structure 310, and the second heat dissipation structure 320 integrates the power switch 710. Specifically, the second heat dissipation structure 320 may be provided with a groove 321 for accommodating the power switch 710, as Figure 4 shown. By integrating the second heat dissipation structure and the power switch 710 together, better heat dissipation performance can be achieved, it is easy to pass a larger current, the switching frequency and switching speed can be increased, and the loss is lower and the efficiency is higher. In this case, the first heat dissipation structure 310 and the capacitor housing 210 may be made of metal or plastic, and the second heat dissipation structure 320 may be made of plastic. In order to increase the strength of the second heat dissipation structure, the second heat dissipation structure 320 may be provided with honeycomb-shaped reinforcing ribs 322.
[0041] In such as Figure 7In the illustrated embodiment, the capacitor 200 further includes an input capacitor 220 and an output capacitor 230. Among them, the input capacitor 220 is provided with a positive bus bar 221 and a negative bus bar 222. And the positive bus bar 221 of the input capacitor 220 is electrically connected to the positive bus bar 720 of the power module 700 by screws. And the negative bus bar 222 of the input capacitor 220 is electrically connected to the negative bus bar 730 of the power module 700 by screws. Among them, the output capacitor 230 is provided with a positive bus bar 231 and a negative bus bar 232. The positive bus bar 231 of the output capacitor 230 is electrically connected to the positive bus bar 720 of the power module 700 by screws. And the negative bus bar 232 of the output capacitor 230 is electrically connected to the negative bus bar 730 of the power module 700 by screws. Further, the input capacitor 220 includes four capacitor cores and the output capacitor 230 includes eight capacitor cores. Among them, the four capacitor cores of the input capacitor 220 are divided into two groups and are symmetrically arranged left and right with respect to the center line of the capacitor 200. And the eight capacitor cores of the output capacitor 230 are divided into two groups and are symmetrically arranged left and right with respect to the center line of the capacitor 200, so that the capacitor can achieve the effect of uniform heat dissipation. Further, the input capacitor 220 and the output capacitor 230 share the same capacitor housing to achieve the purpose of facilitating manufacturing. In addition, potting glue 900 can be provided on the side of the four capacitor cores of the input capacitor 220 and the eight capacitor cores of the output capacitor 230 facing the power module 700 to play roles such as sealing and insulation.
[0042] The following combination with Figure 6 and Figure 7Describe the operating principle of the power module 700. The ripple current generated during the switching process of the power module 700 flows from the positive bus bar 720 of the power module 700 into the positive bus bar 221 of the input capacitor 220 through a screw, then flows into the four capacitor cores of the input capacitor 220 via the positive bus bar 221, then flows into the negative bus bar 222 of the input capacitor 220 via the four capacitor cores of the input capacitor 220, and finally flows from the negative bus bar 222 of the input capacitor 220 into the negative bus bar 730 of the power module 700 of the power module 700. On the other hand, the ripple current generated during the switching process of the power module 700 flows from the positive bus bar 720 of the power module 700 into the positive bus bar 231 of the output capacitor 230 through a screw, then flows into the eight capacitor cores of the output capacitor 230 via the positive bus bar 231, then flows into the negative bus bar 232 of the output capacitor 230 via the eight capacitor cores of the output capacitor 230, and finally flows from the negative bus bar 232 of the output capacitor 230 into the negative bus bar 730 of the power module 700 of the power module 700.
[0043] In other alternative embodiments in combination with the above embodiments, the capacitor housing 210 has a protrusion 211 for setting the fixing structure 800. The protrusion 211 can extend outward along the plane where the capacitor housing 210 is located, and a reinforcing rib plate 212 is provided at the bottom of the protrusion 211 (refer to Figure 8 ).
[0044] Continue to refer to Figure 3 , a first heat conducting layer 400 can be provided between the capacitor housing 210 and the base housing 100, and a second heat conducting layer 500 can be provided between the heat dissipation structure 300 and the capacitor 200. It should be noted that the power device 10 of the present application can reduce the tolerance requirements between the capacitor housing 210, the heat dissipation structure 300, and the base housing 100, further shorten the dimension chain between these components, thereby reducing the material requirements of the first heat conducting layer 400 and the second heat conducting layer 500. For example, the material of the first heat conducting layer 400 and / or the second heat conducting layer 500 is a thermal interface material (TIM). For another example, the first heat conducting layer 400 covers the entire lower surface of the capacitor housing 210, and the second heat conducting layer 500 covers the entire upper surface of the capacitor housing 210, so as to conduct a part of the heat dissipated by the capacitor 200 to the base housing 100 through the first heat conducting layer 400, and conduct another part of the heat dissipated by the capacitor 200 to the heat dissipation structure 300 through the second heat conducting layer 500.
[0045] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the number of the protrusions 211 is at least four, and the at least four protrusions 211 are arranged on a circumference centered on the center of the capacitor housing 210.
[0046] In addition, the present application also provides a vehicle. The vehicle is configured with the above-mentioned power device 10, wherein the power device 10 can be a power transmission unit. For example, the vehicle can be a hydrogen energy vehicle.
[0047] In summary, the power device of the present application integrates the capacitor inside the housing of the power device, which can not only improve the power density and output greater power in a smaller volume, but also increase the switching frequency and switching speed. In addition, the power device of the present application can achieve better heat dissipation performance and easily allow a larger current to pass through. In this way, the heat dissipation efficiency is greatly improved without occupying space, so as to ensure the normal operation of components such as capacitors and power switches. Therefore, it is highly recommended to apply this power device to vehicles.
[0048] The above lists several specific embodiments to elaborate in detail the power device of the present application and the vehicle configured with the power device. These examples are only for illustrating the principle and its implementation manner of the present application, rather than limiting the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make various deformations and improvements. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should fall within the scope of the present application and be defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A power device, characterized in that: The power device (10) comprises: A base housing (100); A capacitor (200) located in the base housing (100) and comprising a capacitor housing (210); and a heat dissipation structure (300) located above the capacitor (200) and integrated with a power module (700) for being electrically connected to the capacitor (200), The capacitor housing (210) and the heat dissipation structure (300) are provided with a fixing structure (800) at the same position, and the capacitor housing (210) and the heat dissipation structure (300) are fixed to the base housing (100) by means of fasteners (600) through the fixing structure (800) of the capacitor housing (210) and the heat dissipation structure (300).
2. The power device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module (700) comprises a power switch (710) and a positive bus bar (720) and a negative bus bar (730) electrically connected to the power switch (710). The heat dissipation structure (300) comprises a first heat dissipation structure (310) and a second heat dissipation structure (320), wherein a cooling channel for circulating a coolant is provided inside the first heat dissipation structure (310), and the second heat dissipation structure (320) is integrated with the power switch (710). The capacitor (200) further comprises an input capacitor (220) and an output capacitor (230), wherein the input capacitor (220) is provided with a positive bus bar (221) and a negative bus bar (222), and the positive bus bar (221) of the input capacitor (220) is electrically connected to the positive bus bar (720) of the power module (700) via screws, and the negative bus bar (222) of the input capacitor (220) is electrically connected to the positive bus bar (720) of the power module (700) via screws. 0), wherein the output capacitor (230) is provided with a positive bus bar (231) and a negative bus bar (232), the positive bus bar (231) of the output capacitor (230) is electrically connected to the positive bus bar (720) of the power module (700) through screws, and the negative bus bar (232) of the output capacitor (230) is electrically connected to the negative bus bar (730) of the power module (700) through screws.
3. The power device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first heat dissipation structure (310) is made of metal or plastic, and the second heat dissipation structure (320) is made of plastic; and / or The capacitor housing (210) is made of metal or plastic; and / or The fastener (600) is a screw; and / or The input capacitor (220) includes four capacitor cores and the output capacitor (230) includes eight capacitor cores, wherein the four capacitor cores of the input capacitor (220) are divided into two groups and are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center line of the capacitor (200), and the eight capacitor cores of the output capacitor (230) are divided into two groups and are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center line of the capacitor (200).
4. The power device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The power device (10) is a power transmission unit; and / or The fixing structure (800) is a through hole or a cutout; and / or A first heat-conducting layer (400) is provided between the capacitor housing (210) and the base housing (100), and a second heat-conducting layer (500) is provided between the heat dissipation structure (300) and the capacitor (200).
5. The power device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The capacitor housing (210) has a protrusion (211) for arranging the fixing structure (800); the protrusion (211) extends outwards along the direction of the plane where the capacitor housing (210) is located, and a reinforcing rib (212) is arranged at the bottom of the protrusion (211).
6. The power device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The input capacitor (220) and the output capacitor (230) share the same capacitor housing (210).
7. The power device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material of the first heat-conducting layer (400) and / or the second heat-conducting layer (500) is a thermal interface material; and / or The first heat-conducting layer (400) covers the entire lower surface of the capacitor housing (210), and the second heat-conducting layer (500) covers the entire upper surface of the capacitor housing (210).
8. The power device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The second heat dissipation structure (320) is provided with honeycomb-shaped reinforcing ribs (322).
9. The power device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of the protrusions (211) is at least four, and the at least four protrusions (211) are arranged on a circumference with the center of the capacitor housing (210) as the center.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle is equipped with a power device (10) according to any one of claims 1-9.