Multifunctional seeding machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional seeder, and relates to the field of agricultural equipment. The multifunctional seeding machine comprises a soil turning unit and a discharging unit, wherein a variable seed-metering device is arranged in the discharging unit. When the multifunctional seeding machine is used, an electromagnetic control switch is used for controlling electromagnets in a plurality of rotating discs to start, so that the electromagnets are adsorbed and fixed with permanent magnets in the side wall of a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft can drive a target number of rotating discs to rotate in the rotating process; and the difference angles of the plurality of turntables are adjusted through electromagnets in different directions in the turntables, so that the seed feeding frequency and the single seed feeding quantity are adjusted in the seed feeding process, and the seed feeding quantity and the feeding spacing are controlled in the planting process of different types of crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and specifically relates to a multi-functional seeder. Background Art

[0002] A seeder is a sowing instrument used for agricultural cultivation. It is usually towed and moved by mechanical equipment such as a tractor. After turning the soil with the soil-turning component on its front side, seeds are dropped downward by the seeder, and then the soil is covered over the seeds again by the soil-covering component at the back side, thus completing sowing and effectively preventing seeds from being stolen by organisms.

[0003] However, when the existing seeder is in use, it usually controls the seed feeding by using a built-in feeding tray. One seed enters the slot on the outer side of the feeding tray each time, and then the seeds are transferred to the position of the feeding pipe by the feeding tray for feeding. However, in actual use, the feeding speed and frequency determine the spacing between seeds planted. In the prior art, it is usually achieved by changing the rotation speed of the motor. However, due to the limited size of the feeding tray, when the rotation speed is too high, it is easy for the seeds above to fail to enter the slot in time, resulting in idling, or even breaking the seeds. At the same time, for the planting requirements of some special crops, the number of seeds sown each time is different, and the existing such rotary feeding method cannot effectively control the number of seeds sown each time. Therefore, a multi-functional seeder is provided specifically to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-functional seeder, which solves the problem that it is not convenient to adjust the seed spacing and the number of seeds sown each time when using a seeder with a rotary feeding method.

[0005] To achieve the above purposes, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A multi-functional seeder, including; A soil-turning unit, which turns the soil before sowing and covers the soil after sowing by being towed and moved. A feeding unit, which is installed in the soil-turning unit and is used for feeding seeds. The feeding unit includes; A seed storage box, on the top of which a box cover is installed; A feeding pipe, which is installed below the seed storage box and is used for discharging seeds; A variable seed discharger, which is arranged between the seed storage box and the feeding pipe and is used for changing the seed discharging speed and the number of seeds discharged each time.

[0006] Preferably, the variable seed discharger includes; A fixed housing, which is fixedly installed between the seed storage box and the feeding pipe; A plurality of turntables, which are rotatably arranged inside a fixed housing, and a material storage chamber for transferring seeds is provided on the outer surface thereof; A rotating shaft, which is rotatably arranged inside the plurality of turntables and movably penetrates the fixed housing; A permanent magnet, which is fixedly arranged in the side wall of the rotating shaft; An electromagnet, which is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the turntable and magnetically attracted and fixed to the permanent magnet. The turntable changes the angle when magnetically attracted and fixed to the rotating shaft through different electromagnets.

[0007] Preferably, a feeding hopper is fixedly arranged at the inner bottom of the seed storage box. A plurality of feeding channels are arranged inside the feeding hopper. The fixed housing is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the feeding hopper, and a plurality of feeding holes facing the feeding channels are arranged at the top of the fixed housing. The plurality of feeding holes and the material storage chambers on the surfaces of multiple turntables are at the same horizontal plane. A linear discharge groove is arranged at the bottom of the fixed housing. A concentrated hopper communicated with the linear discharge groove is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fixed housing. A corrugated hose is installed between the concentrated hopper and the feeding pipe.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of fixed baffles corresponding to the turntables are arranged inside the fixed housing. An annular conductor is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the fixed baffle. An annular conductive rail is fixedly embedded on the outer surface of the turntable. The annular conductor is rotatably arranged in the annular conductive rail and the two are electrically connected. The annular conductor is connected with an electromagnetic control switch through a wire. The electromagnetic control switch is connected to a plurality of electromagnets for control.

[0009] Preferably, a protective box is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the seed storage box. The variable seed metering device is arranged inside the protective box. A variable frequency servo motor is fixedly arranged inside the protective box. A driving gear is fixedly arranged at the output end of the variable frequency servo motor. A transmission gear is fixedly arranged at the end of the rotating shaft. The driving gear meshes with the transmission gear.

[0010] Preferably, an auxiliary air pump is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the protective box. The output end of the auxiliary air pump is provided with a three-way air duct. The two output ends of the three-way air duct are respectively communicated with the two sides of the top of the concentrated hopper for assisting the seeds to quickly discharge downward through the feeding pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the soil turning unit includes; A main bracket; A traveling mechanism, which is installed on the front and rear sides of the main bracket; A movable soil turning member, which is installed at the bottom of the main bracket; A support frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the seed storage box. The support frame is fixedly arranged on the front side of the main bracket.

[0012] Preferably, the traveling mechanism includes; The walking boom, which is movably hinged to the main bracket; The support arm, which is fixedly arranged on the main bracket; The shock absorber, which is installed between the walking boom and the support arm; The walking wheels, which are installed at the bottom end of the walking boom.

[0013] Preferably, the movable soil-turning member includes; The soil-turning teeth, which are arranged at the bottom of the front side of the main bracket; The soil-covering arm, which is arranged at the bottom of the rear side of the main bracket; Two groups of T-shaped fixing frames, which are respectively fixedly arranged at the bottom of the front and rear sides of the main bracket, and the soil-turning teeth and the soil-covering arm are respectively movably hinged to the bottoms of the two groups of T-shaped fixing frames; The driving hydraulic rod, whose two ends are respectively movably hinged to the main bracket and the soil-turning teeth; The U-shaped fixing member, which is fixedly arranged on the back of the soil-turning teeth, and the feeding pipe is fixedly installed in the U-shaped fixing member; The limiting baffle, which is fixedly arranged in one group of the T-shaped fixing frames and is used for limiting the turning angle of the soil-covering arm; The synchronization mechanism, which is installed between the soil-turning teeth and the soil-covering arm.

[0014] Preferably, the synchronization mechanism includes; Two groups of rotating arms, which are rotatably arranged on the sides of the two groups of T-shaped fixing frames, and the two groups of rotating arms are respectively fixedly connected to the soil-turning teeth and the soil-covering arm; The fixed sleeve, which is rotatably arranged at the outer end of one group of rotating arms; The T-shaped shaft, which is rotatably arranged at the outer end of the other group of rotating arms, and the end of the T-shaped shaft is slidably arranged in the fixed sleeve; The memory spring, which is arranged in the fixed sleeve and is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the T-shaped shaft.

[0015] The present invention discloses a multi-functional seeder, and the beneficial effects thereof are as follows: 1. For this multi-functional seeder, by setting the variable seed metering device, during use, the electromagnetic control switch is used to control the electromagnets inside multiple turntables to start, so that they are adsorbed and fixed to the permanent magnets in the side wall of the rotating shaft, so that the rotating shaft can drive the target number of turntables to rotate during the rotation process, and the difference angles of the multiple turntables are adjusted by the electromagnets in different positions inside them, so as to achieve the adjustment of the seeding frequency and the single seeding quantity during the seeding process, so as to meet the control of the seed dropping quantity and the dropping spacing during the planting process of different types of crops.

[0016] 2. The multi-functional seeder is provided with a synchronization mechanism between the soil-turning teeth and the soil-covering arms. In this way, when the soil-turning teeth are lowered, the soil-covering arms are synchronously driven to turn into position. And by setting a limit baffle, when the soil-turning teeth turn down at different angles, the soil-covering arms can keep close to the ground to meet different requirements for planting depths.

[0017] 3. The multi-functional seeder is provided with a fixed baffle on the side of the turntable. During the rotation of the turntable, the fixed baffle remains stationary. At this time, the annular conductor rotates inside the annular conductive rail, so as to realize the electrical connection during the rotation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall outer surface structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall side structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the soil-turning unit structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the movable soil-turning part structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the outer surface structure of the material-feeding unit of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the material-feeding unit of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the material-feeding unit of the present invention; Figure 8 It is an exploded view of the internal structure of the fixed housing of the present invention; Figure 9 It is an exploded view of the internal structure of the turntable of the present invention; Figure 10 It is an exploded view of the outer surface structure of the turntable of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Soil-turning unit; 11. Main support; 12. Traveling mechanism; 121. Traveling boom; 122. Support arm; 123. Shock absorber; 124. Traveling wheel; 13. Movable soil-turning part; 131. Soil-turning tooth; 132. Soil-covering arm; 133. Driving hydraulic rod; 134. T-shaped fixing frame; 135. Synchronous mechanism; 1351. Rotating arm; 1352. Fixed sleeve; 1353. T-shaped shaft; 1354. Memory spring; 136. U-shaped fixing part; 137. Limit baffle; 2. Feeding unit; 21. Seed storage box; 22. Feeding pipe; 23. Support frame; 24. Box cover; 25. Protection box; 26. Corrugated hose; 27. Variable seed metering device; 271. Fixed housing; 272. Variable-frequency servo motor; 273. Driving gear; 274. Driven gear; 275. Rotating shaft; 276. Turntable; 277. Fixed baffle; 278. Permanent magnet; 279. Feeding hole; 2710. Linear discharging groove; 2711. Storage chamber; 2712. Ring conductor; 2713. Ring conductive rail; 2714. Electromagnet; 2715. Electromagnetic control switch; 2716. Central hopper; 28. Auxiliary air pump; 29. Feeding hopper; 210. Three-way air duct; 211. Feeding channel. Detailed implementation mode

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] By providing a multifunctional seeder in the embodiments of the present application, the problem that the existing seeder with a turntable feeding method is not convenient to adjust the seeding spacing and the number of seeds sown per time during use is solved.

[0023] To better understand the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification and specific implementation modes.

[0024] The present invention discloses a multifunctional seeder. Embodiment 1

[0025] According to the attached Figures 1-10 As shown, it includes a soil-turning unit 1 and a feeding unit 2. The soil-turning unit 1 moves by traction to turn the soil before seeding and cover the soil after seeding. The feeding unit 2 is installed in the soil-turning unit 1 for seed feeding; The blanking unit 2 includes a seed storage box 21, a blanking pipe 22, and a variable metering device 27. A box cover 24 is installed on the top of the seed storage box 21; the blanking pipe 22 is installed below the seed storage box 21 for discharging seeds; the variable metering device 27 is arranged between the seed storage box 21 and the blanking pipe 22 for changing the seeding speed and the number of seeds discharged each time.

[0026] The variable metering device 27 includes a fixed housing 271, an electromagnet 2714, a rotating shaft 275, a plurality of turntables 276, and a permanent magnet 278. The fixed housing 271 is fixedly installed between the seed storage box 21 and the blanking pipe 22. The plurality of turntables 276 are rotatably arranged inside the fixed housing 271, and a storage chamber 2711 for transferring seeds is formed on their outer surfaces. The rotating shaft 275 is rotatably arranged inside the plurality of turntables 276 and penetrates through the fixed housing 271 movably. The permanent magnet 278 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the rotating shaft 275; the electromagnet 2714 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the turntable 276 and is magnetically fixed to the permanent magnet 278. The turntable 276 changes the angle when magnetically fixed to the rotating shaft 275 through different electromagnets 2714.

[0027] A blanking hopper 29 is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom of the seed storage box 21. A plurality of blanking channels 211 are arranged inside the blanking hopper 29. The fixed housing 271 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the blanking hopper 29, and a plurality of feeding holes 279 facing the blanking channels 211 are formed on the top of the fixed housing 271. The plurality of feeding holes 279 and the storage chambers 2711 on the surfaces of the plurality of turntables 276 are at the same horizontal plane. A linear discharge slot 2710 is formed on the bottom of the fixed housing 271. A concentrated hopper 2716 communicating with the linear discharge slot 2710 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fixed housing 271. A corrugated hose 26 is installed between the concentrated hopper 2716 and the blanking pipe 22.

[0028] A plurality of fixed baffles 277 corresponding to the turntables 276 one by one are arranged inside the fixed housing 271. An annular conductor 2712 is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the fixed baffle 277. An annular conductive rail 2713 is fixedly embedded on the outer surface of the turntable 276. The annular conductor 2712 is rotatably arranged in the annular conductive rail 2713 and they are electrically connected. The annular conductor 2712 is connected with an electromagnetic control switch 2715 through a wire, and the electromagnetic control switch 2715 is connected to control a plurality of electromagnets 2714.

[0029] A protective box 25 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the seed storage box 21. The variable metering device 27 is arranged inside the protective box 25. A variable frequency servo motor 272 is fixedly arranged inside the protective box 25. A driving gear 274 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the variable frequency servo motor 272. A transmission gear 273 is fixedly arranged at the end of the rotating shaft 275. The driving gear 274 meshes with the transmission gear 273.

[0030] An auxiliary air pump 28 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the protective box 25. The output end of the auxiliary air pump 28 is equipped with a three-way air duct 210. The two output ends of the three-way air duct 210 are respectively communicated with the two sides of the top of the centralized hopper 2716, and are used to assist the seeds to quickly discharge downward through the feeding pipe 22.

[0031] The soil-turning unit 1 includes a main bracket 11, a traveling mechanism 12 and a movable soil-turning member 13. The traveling mechanism 12 is installed on the front and rear sides of the main bracket 11; the movable soil-turning member 13 is installed at the bottom of the main bracket 11; a support frame 23 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the seed storage box 21, and the support frame 23 is fixedly arranged on the front side of the main bracket 11.

[0032] The traveling mechanism 12 includes a traveling boom 121, a support arm 122, a shock absorber 123 and a traveling wheel 124. The traveling boom 121 is movably hinged to the main bracket 11; the support arm 122 is fixedly arranged on the main bracket 11; the shock absorber 123 is installed between the traveling boom 121 and the support arm 122, and the traveling wheel 124 is installed at the bottom end of the traveling boom 121.

[0033] The movable soil-turning member 13 includes soil-turning teeth 131, soil-covering arms 132, driving hydraulic rods 133, two groups of T-shaped fixing frames 134, a synchronization mechanism 135, a U-shaped fixing member 136 and a limit baffle 137. The soil-turning teeth 131 are arranged at the bottom of the front side of the main bracket 11; the soil-covering arms 132 are arranged at the bottom of the rear side of the main bracket 11; the two groups of T-shaped fixing frames 134 are respectively fixedly arranged at the bottom of the front and rear sides of the main bracket 11, and the soil-turning teeth 131 and the soil-covering arms 132 are respectively movably hinged to the bottoms of the two groups of T-shaped fixing frames 134; the two ends of the driving hydraulic rod 133 are respectively movably hinged to the main bracket 11 and the soil-turning teeth 131; the U-shaped fixing member 136 is fixedly arranged on the back of the soil-turning teeth 131, and the feeding pipe 22 is fixedly installed in the U-shaped fixing member 136; the limit baffle 137 is fixedly arranged in one group of T-shaped fixing frames 134 for limiting the turning angle of the soil-covering arms 132; the synchronization mechanism 135 is installed between the soil-turning teeth 131 and the soil-covering arms 132.

[0034] The synchronization mechanism 135 includes two groups of rotating arms 1351, a fixed sleeve 1352, a T-shaped shaft 1353 and a memory spring 1354. The two groups of rotating arms 1351 are rotatably arranged on the sides of the two groups of T-shaped fixing frames 134, and the two groups of rotating arms 1351 are respectively fixedly connected to the soil-turning teeth 131 and the soil-covering arms 132. The fixed sleeve 1352 is rotatably arranged at the outer end of one group of rotating arms 1351; the T-shaped shaft 1353 is rotatably arranged at the outer end of the other group of rotating arms 1351, and the end of the T-shaped shaft 1353 is slidably arranged in the fixed sleeve 1352; the memory spring 1354 is arranged in the fixed sleeve 1352 and is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the T-shaped shaft 1353.

[0035] Working principle: When the device is in use, the main bracket 11 is connected to the traction device, and then seeds are placed inside multiple seed storage boxes 21. At this time, by starting the driving hydraulic rod 133, the driving hydraulic rod 133 extends, causing the soil turning teeth 131 to turn downward around the T-shaped fixing bracket 134 at the front end. And by controlling the extension amount of the driving hydraulic rod 133, the downward inclination angle of the soil turning teeth 131 is adjusted to meet the requirements of different planting depths. At the same time, during the turning process of the soil turning teeth 131, another set of rotating arms 1351 is driven to turn by the rotating arm 1351 on the side of its top end, so that the soil covering arm 132 follows the turning. When the back of the soil covering arm 132 abuts against the limit baffle 137, the soil covering arm 132 is in place for turning. At this time, when the soil turning teeth 131 continue to rotate, the memory spring 1354 will be compressed to achieve different soil turning depths. At the same time, the soil covering arm 132 can ensure effective soil covering by closely adhering to the ground; At this time, the traction device pulls the whole device to move, causing the traveling wheels 124 to rotate and move. During the movement, shock absorption is carried out through the shock absorber 123 to keep the movement of the main bracket 11 stable. During the movement, a trench is dug on the land by the soil turning teeth 131. At the same time, through the electromagnetic control switch 2715, a group of electromagnets 2714 inside a group of turntables 276 are started. At this time, as the variable frequency servo motor 272 is started, the driving gear 274 drives the transmission gear 273 to rotate, and the transmission gear 273 drives the rotating shaft 275 to rotate. The rotating shaft 275 is adsorbed to the electromagnet 2714 through the permanent magnet 278, so that a group of turntables 276 rotate. The fixed baffle 277 remains stationary. At this time, the annular conductor 2712 rotates inside the annular conductive rail 2713, so as to achieve electrical connection during the rotation process. At this time, during the rotation of the turntable 276, when the storage chamber 2711 rotates to face the feeding hole 279, a seed inside the seed storage box 21 falls downward through a group of feeding channels 211 in the feeding hopper 29 into the storage chamber 2711. Then the turntable 276 rotates, driving the seed to move to the linear discharge groove 2710, and then discharging downward into the centralized hopper 2716. Then, under the action of the auxiliary air pump 28, there is a downward high-speed air flow in the centralized hopper 2716, so that the seed quickly passes through the feeding pipe 22 under the action of the air flow and gravity to complete sowing; Then the soil covering arm 132 at the rear gathers the soil on both sides towards the middle for soil covering to cover the seeds, thus completing the entire sowing process. Embodiment 2

[0036] Refer to the attached Figures 1-10 , on the basis of Embodiment 1, more specifically; The variable seed metering device 27 in the device has multiple application methods. Since multiple electromagnets 2714 are installed inside each group of turntables 276, by numbering the multiple electromagnets 2714 and then using the electromagnetic control switch 2715, each electromagnet 2714 can be controlled to start separately, enabling each group of turntables 276 to be magnetically fixed to the rotating shaft 275 at different angles. Therefore, during use; When it is necessary to drop multiple seeds at one time, the electromagnetic control switch 2715 is used to simultaneously control the electromagnets 2714 at the same position inside multiple turntables 276 to start. Thus, when the rotating shaft 275 rotates, the permanent magnet 278 inside it is adsorbed and fixed to the electromagnets 2714 in multiple turntables 276. At this time, the rotating shaft 275 rotates to make multiple turntables 276 rotate synchronously. At this time, multiple seed discharge channels 211 inside the hopper 29 discharge seeds downward simultaneously, so that the number of seeds discharged at one time is equal to the number of turntables 276 started; When it is necessary to increase the seed dropping frequency, first, the power of the variable frequency servo motor 272 can be increased, so that the speed at which the rotating shaft 275 drives a group of turntables 276 to rotate increases, thereby increasing the dropping frequency within a certain range and ensuring that the seeds can smoothly fall from the hopper 29 into the storage chamber 2711 during the rotation process; If the dropping frequency still cannot meet the dropping requirements at this time, the electromagnetic control switch 2715 can be used to start the electromagnets 2714 at different positions in multiple turntables 276, so that when the rotating shaft 275 rotates, it drives multiple turntables 276 to rotate synchronously. However, the storage chambers 2711 on multiple turntables 276 are arranged in a staggered manner under the action of the electromagnets 2714 at different positions, thereby increasing the density of the storage chambers 2711 put into use during the entire rotation process; Specific numerical examples will be given below; Suppose the number of turntables 276 is four groups, and the number of storage chambers 2711 on a single turntable 276 is four groups, and the four groups of storage chambers 2711 are evenly distributed. When a single turntable 276 starts, one seed is dropped every 90 degrees of rotation; when two turntables 276 start, by controlling the angular difference between the two turntables 276 to be 45 degrees, at this time one seed drops every 45 degrees of rotation, and the dropping frequency doubles; when four turntables 276 start, control the angular difference between the four turntables 276 to be 22.5 degrees. At this time, the rotating shaft 275 rotates 22.5 degrees to drop one seed, and the dropping frequency increases by four times; In the above scheme, while keeping the rotational speed of the variable frequency servo motor 272 unchanged, by increasing the number of turntables 276 put into use and simultaneously changing the angular difference between the turntables 276, the dropping frequency is changed to meet the planting density requirements of different crops. Embodiment 3

[0037] Referring to the appended Figures 1-10 , on the basis of the second embodiment, it is also possible to adjust the turntable 276. For example, when two seeds need to be sown each time and a double seeding density is required, the four turntables 276 can be set in pairs. The angular difference between the two turntables 276 in each pair is 0. At this time, two seeds can be sown each time during the rotation of the turntable 276 in this group. Then, the angular difference between the two turntables 276 is set to 45 degrees. At this time, the rotating shaft 275 can rotate one week to perform eight seed sowings, with two seeds sown each time, so as to realize the adjustment of the single sowing quantity and the sowing density.

[0038] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional seeder, characterized in that: include; A soil turning unit (1) which turns the soil before planting and covers the soil after planting by pulling and moving; A feeding unit (2) installed in the soil turning unit (1) and used for feeding seeds; The unloading unit (2) comprises: A seed storage box (21) having a box cover (24) mounted on the top; A discharge pipe (22), which is installed below the seed storage box (21) and is used for discharging seeds; A variable seed meter (27) is arranged between the seed storage box (21) and the feed pipe (22) and is used to change the seeding speed and the number of seeds discharged at a time.

2. A multifunctional seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable seed metering device (27) comprises: A fixed cover (271) fixedly installed between the seed storage box (21) and the feed pipe (22); A plurality of rotating disks (276) are rotatably disposed inside the fixed cover (271), and a storage chamber (2711) for transferring seeds is provided on the outer surface of the rotating disks; A rotating shaft (275) is rotatably disposed inside the plurality of rotating disks (276) and movably penetrates the fixed cover (271); A permanent magnet (278) fixedly disposed in a side wall of the rotating shaft (275); The electromagnet (2714) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the rotating disk (276) and is fixed by magnetic attraction with the permanent magnet (278). The rotating disk (276) changes the angle when it is fixed by magnetic attraction with the rotating shaft (275) through different electromagnets (2714).

3. A multifunctional seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: A feed hopper (29) is fixedly provided at the inner bottom of the seed storage box (21), and a plurality of feed channels (211) are provided inside the feed hopper (29). The fixed cover shell (271) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the feed hopper (29), and a plurality of feed holes (279) facing the feed channels (211) are provided at the top of the fixed cover shell (271). The plurality of feed holes (279) are respectively located at the same horizontal plane as the storage chambers (2711) on the surfaces of the plurality of groups of turntables (276). A linear discharge trough (2710) is provided at the bottom of the fixed cover shell (271), and a centralizing hopper (2716) connected to the linear discharge trough (2710) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the fixed cover shell (271), and a corrugated hose (26) is installed between the centralizing hopper (2716) and the feed pipe (22).

4. A multifunctional seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of fixed baffles (277) corresponding one to one to the turntable (276) are arranged inside the fixed cover shell (271), an annular conductor (2712) is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the fixed baffle (277), an annular conductive track (2713) is fixedly embedded on the outer surface of the turntable (276), the annular conductor (2712) is rotatably arranged in the annular conductive track (2713), and the two are electrically connected, the annular conductor (2712) is connected to an electromagnetic control switch (2715) via a wire, and the electromagnetic control switch (2715) is controllably connected to a plurality of electromagnets (2714).

5. The multifunctional seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: A protective box (25) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the seed storage box (21), the variable seed metering device (27) is arranged inside the protective box (25), a variable frequency servo motor (272) is fixedly arranged inside the protective box (25), a driving gear (274) is fixedly arranged at the output end of the variable frequency servo motor (272), a transmission gear (273) is fixedly arranged at the end of the rotating shaft (275), and the driving gear (274) is meshed with the transmission gear (273).

6. A multifunctional seeder according to claim 5, characterized in that: An auxiliary air pump (28) is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the protection box (25), and a three-way air guide pipe (210) is installed at the output end of the auxiliary air pump (28). The two output ends of the three-way air guide pipe (210) are respectively connected to the top of both sides of the central bucket (2716) to assist the seeds to be quickly discharged downward through the discharge pipe (22).

7. The multifunctional seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil turning unit (1) comprises: Main support (11); A walking mechanism (12) mounted on both the front and rear sides of the main support (11); A movable soil turning member (13) mounted on the bottom of the main support (11); A support frame (23) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the seed storage box (21), and the support frame (23) is fixedly arranged on the front side of the main support (11).

8. The multifunctional seeder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The walking mechanism (12) comprises: A walking arm (121) movably hinged to the main support (11); A support arm (122) fixedly mounted on the main support (11); A shock absorber (123) is installed between the walking arm (121) and the supporting arm (122); A traveling wheel (124) is mounted on the bottom end of the traveling arm (121).

9. The multifunctional seeder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable soil turning member (13) comprises: Soil turning teeth (131) are arranged at the bottom of the front side of the main support (11); A soil covering arm (132) disposed at the rear bottom of the main support (11); Two groups of T-shaped fixing frames (134) are respectively fixedly arranged at the bottom of the front and rear sides of the main support (11), and the soil turning teeth (131) and the soil covering arms (132) are respectively movably hinged at the bottom of the two groups of T-shaped fixing frames (134); A driving hydraulic rod (133) whose two ends are respectively movably hinged to the main support (11) and the soil turning teeth (131); A U-shaped fixing member (136) fixedly arranged on the back of the soil turning tooth (131), and the feed pipe (22) fixedly installed in the U-shaped fixing member (136); A limit baffle (137) fixedly disposed in a group of the T-shaped fixing frames (134) and used to limit the turning angle of the covering arm (132); The synchronous mechanism (135) is installed between the soil turning teeth (131) and the soil covering arm (132).

10. The multifunctional seeder according to claim 9, characterized in that: The synchronization mechanism (135) comprises: Two groups of rotating arms (1351) are rotatably arranged on the sides of the two groups of T-shaped fixing frames (134), and the two groups of rotating arms (1351) are respectively fixedly connected to the soil turning teeth (131) and the soil covering arms (132); A fixed sleeve (1352) rotatably disposed on the outer end of a set of rotating arms (1351); A T-shaped shaft (1353) is rotatably disposed on the outer end of another set of rotating arms (1351), and the end of the T-shaped shaft (1353) is slidably disposed in a fixed sleeve (1352); A memory spring (1354) is disposed in the fixed sleeve (1352) and is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the T-shaped shaft (1353).

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