Self-adaptive fertilizer compensation double-helix fertilizer distributor control system

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive fertilizer compensation double-helix fertilizer distributor control system, and relates to the technical field of fertilizer distributors. The data monitoring management center is in communication connection with an information acquisition module, a data processing and analysis module, a fertilizer compensation module, a control decision module, an execution mechanism module and a monitoring and feedback module, all the modules are in electric signal connection, and the information acquisition module is used for collecting farmland environment data and crop growth data and sending the farmland environment data and the crop growth data to the data processing and analysis module. And the collected farmland environment data and crop growth data are transmitted to a data monitoring management center in real time. By monitoring the soil nutrient content and the crop growth state in real time and combining the calculation result of the fertilizer compensation module, the fertilizer application amount, the fertilizer application speed and the fertilizer application time are accurately adjusted, nutrient waste is avoided, and it is ensured that crops obtain needed nutrients in different growth stages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer applicators, and particularly relates to a control system for a double - helix fertilizer applicator with adaptive fertilizer compensation. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of agricultural modernization, the requirements for fertilization technology in agricultural production are getting higher and higher. The double - helix fertilizer applicator, with its unique double - helix structure, can evenly stir and distribute fertilizers during the fertilization process to achieve precise fertilization. In order to meet the fertilization requirements of different soils and crops, the double - helix fertilizer applicator has introduced fertilizer compensation technology, which automatically adjusts the fertilization amount according to factors such as soil nutrient content and crop growth conditions to ensure that crops receive sufficient nutrient supply. This technology is not only applicable to large - scale planting scenarios such as orchards and farmlands, but also can be applied to fine - scale agricultural fields such as greenhouses and orchards.

[0003] Due to the complex and changeable farmland environment, there are significant differences in soil characteristics, crop varieties, climate conditions, etc. in different regions. The existing control systems for double - helix fertilizer applicators cannot fully adapt to all situations, resulting in inaccurate calculation of fertilization amount and inability to achieve the best fertilizer compensation effect. If the fertilizer discharge accuracy of the fertilizer applicator is insufficient, it will not only lead to excessive or insufficient fertilizers, but also cause fertilizer waste and environmental pollution. Therefore, how to accurately calculate the fertilization amount and achieve the best fertilizer compensation in combination with the farmland environment is the problem we need to solve. Now, a control system for a double - helix fertilizer applicator with adaptive fertilizer compensation is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a control system for a double - helix fertilizer applicator with adaptive fertilizer compensation to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To solve the above - mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A control system for a double - helix fertilizer applicator with adaptive fertilizer compensation, including a data monitoring and management center, which is communicatively connected to an information collection module, a data processing and analysis module, a fertilizer compensation module, a control decision - making module, an actuator module, and a monitoring and feedback module. Among them, the modules are electrically connected to each other; The information collection module collects farmland environment data and crop growth data, and transmits the collected farmland environment data and crop growth data to the data monitoring and management center in real - time; the farmland environment data includes soil humidity, pH value, temperature, etc., and the crop growth data includes growth height, leaf area index, etc.; The data processing and analysis module pre - processes the collected farmland environment data and crop growth data, constructs a crop growth analysis model, obtains a soil fertility index and a crop growth status prediction index, and analyzes the crop growth status and the correlation between the crop growth status and the fertilization amount; The fertilizer compensation module obtains a fertilization amount coefficient based on the acquired soil fertility index and crop growth status prediction index, and determines the types of fertilizers to be compensated and the fertilization amount to be compensated in combination with the analysis results of the crop growth status, ensuring that the fertilization amount matches the crop requirements and soil conditions and improving the fertilizer utilization rate; The control decision-making module formulates specific fertilization strategies based on the fertilization amount to be compensated, including fertilization time, fertilization amount, and fertilization method, realizes intelligent control of the fertilization process, and ensures the accuracy and efficiency of fertilization; The actuator module adjusts the fertilizer discharge speed and fertilization amount of the double-helix fertilizer applicator according to the formulated fertilization strategy, including components such as frequency converters, motors, extrusion pumps, and screw pumps, which are used to drive the double-helix structure to achieve the transportation and distribution of fertilizers, and convert the fertilization strategy into actual fertilization operations, ensuring the continuity and accuracy of the fertilization process; The monitoring and feedback module monitors the operating status and fertilization effect of the fertilizer applicator in real time, including fertilization amount and fertilization speed, and real-time feedbacks the operating status of the double-helix fertilizer applicator and makes adjustments and optimizations.

[0006] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in: in the information collection module, the process of obtaining farmland environment data and crop growth data is as follows: Deploy sensors and collection devices in the farmland, set the collection time, and regularly monitor the farmland environment data and crop growth data. The farmland environment data includes soil humidity, temperature, light intensity, and pH value, and the crop growth data includes the growth cycle and growth speed of the crops; Obtain past farmland environment data and crop growth data according to the long-term monitoring records of the farmland and the databases of publicly available agricultural research institutions, and obtain a crop growth sequence table; Transmit the monitored farmland environment data and crop growth data to the data monitoring and management center by means of wireless transmission, classify the received data, and establish a data backup mechanism at the same time.

[0007] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in: in the data processing and analysis module, the process of obtaining the soil fertility index and the crop growth status prediction index is as follows: Perform data cleaning and data sorting on the collected farmland environment data and crop growth data to coordinate the differences between data sources and eliminate redundant information; Based on the preprocessed farmland environment data and crop growth data, perform feature analysis to determine the environmental factor features and fertilization factor features related to the crop growth status. The environmental factor features include soil factors and meteorological factors, and the fertilization factor features include fertilizer types and fertilization amounts; According to the characteristics of the analyzed environmental factors and fertilization factors, a crop growth analysis model is constructed. At the same time, the obtained farmland environmental data, crop growth data, and crop growth sequence table are integrated to form a unified data set; The integrated data set is divided into a training set, a validation set, and a test set. The data in the training set is used to train the constructed crop growth analysis model, and the data in the validation set and the test set are used to validate the trained constructed crop growth analysis model to improve the accuracy and generalization ability of the model; The real-time collected farmland environmental data and crop growth data are input into the trained crop growth analysis model to output the soil fertility index and the crop growth status prediction index, and analyze the fertility level of the soil and the growth trend of the crop; According to the crop growth data and the growth status prediction index, combined with the crop growth sequence table, the current growth stage of the crop is judged, and the growth health status of the crop and the correlation between the fertilization amount and the crop growth status are analyzed.

[0008] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the calculation formula of the soil fertility index is: ; Among them, SFI is the soil fertility index, N is the nitrogen content in the soil, and the value range is 0 to 200 mg / kg. The higher the value, the richer the nitrogen content. P is the phosphorus content in the soil, and the value range is 0 to 50 mg / kg. The higher the value, the richer the phosphorus content. K is the potassium content in the soil, and the value range is 0 to 200 mg / kg. The higher the value, the richer the potassium content. PH is the soil acidity and alkalinity, and the value range is 0 to 14. The closer the value is to 7, the more neutral the soil is. H is the soil humidity, and the value range is 0% to 100%. The higher the value, the wetter the soil is. M is the soil organic matter content, and the value range is 0% to 10%. The higher the value, the more fertile the soil is. a, b, c, d, e, f are constants used to adjust the weights and influence degrees of each factor; The calculation formula of the crop growth status prediction index is: ; Among them, CGPI is the crop growth status prediction index, G is the growth rate of the crop, with a value range of 0 to 10 cm / day, and the higher the value, the faster the crop grows; L is the chlorophyll content of the crop, with a value range of 0 to 100 SPAD, and the higher the value, the healthier the crop; S is the stem diameter of the crop, with a value range of 0 to 5 cm, and the higher the value, the stronger the crop; D is the root depth of the crop, with a value range of 0 to 30 cm, and the deeper the value, the more developed the root system; T is the growth cycle of the crop, with a value range of 0 to 180 days, and the longer the value, the slower the crop grows; h, i, j, k, l, m are constants used to adjust the weights and influence degrees of various factors.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in: for the fertilizer compensation module, the process of obtaining the fertilizer application rate coefficient and the fertilizer application amount to be compensated is as follows: Based on the obtained soil fertility index and crop growth status prediction index, analyze the actual fertilizer demand of the crop under the current farmland environment; According to the crop variety, crop growth status and soil fertility level, assign corresponding weights to the soil fertility index and crop growth status prediction index, and perform weighted calculation on the two indexes to obtain the fertilizer application rate coefficient, and then analyze the growth and health status and nutritional requirements of the crop; According to the soil fertility level and crop growth trend, and in combination with the fertilizer application rate coefficient and crop growth sequence table, determine the fertilizer type and calculate the fertilizer application amount to be compensated. If the crop lacks nitrogen, choose nitrogen fertilizer; if it lacks phosphorus and potassium, choose compound fertilizer; According to the calculated fertilizer application amount to be compensated, dynamically adjust the fertilizer discharge speed and fertilizer application amount of the fertilizer applicator.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in: the calculation formula of the fertilizer application rate coefficient is: ; Among them, FAC is the fertilizer application rate coefficient, SFI is the soil fertility index, CGPI is the crop growth status prediction index, n is the weight coefficient of the soil fertility index, o is the reference value of the soil fertility index, p is the weight coefficient of the crop growth status prediction index, q is the reference value of the crop growth status prediction index, and r is an adjustment coefficient used to balance the value range of the entire formula.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in: for the control decision-making module, the process of formulating a specific fertilization strategy is as follows: According to the confirmed fertilizer type, fertilizer application amount to be compensated, soil fertility level and crop growth status, clarify the demand situation of different fertilizers and the relationship between the fertilizer application amount and the current status of the crop and the soil fertility level; Based on the crop growth sequence list and combined with the current growth status of the crop, determine the fertilization time node, and select the fertilization time based on the farmland environment data; According to the fertilization amount coefficient calculated by the fertilizer compensation module and the required compensated fertilization amount, adjust the actual fertilization amount of the fertilizer applicator. At the same time, select the corresponding fertilization method according to the crop variety, the growth status of the crop, and the fertilizer type; Convert the determined fertilization time, fertilization amount, and fertilization method into specific control instructions, and send the control instructions to the actuator module through wireless communication.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in: in the actuator module, the process of adjusting the fertilizer discharge speed and fertilization amount of the double - helix fertilizer applicator is as follows: Receive the control instructions from the control decision - making module and parse them to extract the fertilization time, fertilization amount, and fertilization method; According to the fertilizer discharge speed in the control instructions, adjust the motor speed of the double - helix fertilizer applicator. According to the fertilization amount, adjust the rotation speed of the spiral auger and the opening degree of the fertilizer discharge chamber; According to the fertilization amount in the control instructions and combined with the fertilizer discharge speed of the double - helix fertilizer applicator, calculate the time required for fertilization to accurately control the fertilization amount.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in: in the monitoring and feedback module, the process of real - time feedback on the operation status of the double - helix fertilizer applicator is as follows: Deploy weight sensors and flow sensors at the fertilizer discharge port of the double - helix fertilizer applicator and on the fertilizer conveying pipeline to monitor the actual discharged fertilizer flow in real - time and compare it with the determined fertilization amount in real - time; Deploy a rotation speed sensor on the motor shaft of the fertilizer discharge device of the double - helix fertilizer applicator to determine the fertilization speed; Real - time feedback the monitored actual discharged fertilizer flow and fertilization speed to the control decision - making module to dynamically adjust the motor speed of the fertilizer applicator to ensure the uniformity of the fertilization speed.

[0014] Due to the adoption of the above - mentioned technical solution, the technical progress achieved by the present invention compared with the prior art is: The present invention provides a control system for a double - helix fertilizer applicator with adaptive fertilizer compensation. By real - time monitoring the soil nutrient content and the growth status of the crop, combined with the calculation results of the fertilizer compensation module, accurately adjusting the fertilization amount, fertilization speed, and fertilization time, it not only avoids the waste of nutrients, but also ensures that the crop obtains the required nutrients at different growth stages, promotes the healthy growth of the crop. The present invention can significantly improve the utilization rate of fertilizers and reduce environmental pollution caused by excessive fertilization.

[0015] The present invention provides a control system for a double - helix fertilizer applicator with adaptive fertilizer compensation. Based on the crop growth sequence list and farmland environment data, it dynamically adjusts the fertilization strategy. At different stages of crop growth, the system automatically adjusts the fertilization parameters to adapt to the changing nutrient requirements of the crops. In addition, the system also formulates personalized fertilization plans for different plots according to the soil type and fertility level, which not only improves the pertinence of fertilization but also reduces nutrient waste and environmental pollution caused by blind fertilization.

[0016] The present invention provides a control system for a double - helix fertilizer applicator with adaptive fertilizer compensation. By real - time monitoring the growth status of crops and the soil fertility level, it can timely detect the changes in the nutritional requirements of crops, and evaluate the actual requirements of the soil and crops through the soil fertility index and the crop growth status prediction index. Combining with the fertilization amount coefficient, it calculates the fertilization amount that needs to be compensated, significantly improving the fertilizer utilization rate and reducing fertilizer waste. In addition, the system can also dynamically adjust the fertilization strategy according to the growth trend of crops and the changes in soil nutrients to ensure that the crops can maintain a good growth state throughout the growth cycle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the components of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flowchart for obtaining the soil fertility index and the crop growth status prediction index of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a flowchart for obtaining the fertilization amount coefficient and the fertilization amount that needs to be compensated of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a flowchart for formulating a specific fertilization strategy of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1, as Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a control system for a double - helix fertilizer applicator with adaptive fertilizer compensation, including a data monitoring and management center. The data monitoring and management center is communicatively connected to an information collection module, a data processing and analysis module, a fertilizer compensation module, a control decision - making module, an actuator module, and a monitoring and feedback module. Among them, the electrical signals are connected between each module; The information collection module collects farmland environmental data and crop growth data, and transmits the collected farmland environmental data and crop growth data to the data monitoring and management center in real - time. The farmland environmental data includes soil humidity, pH value, temperature, etc., and the crop growth data includes growth height, leaf area index, etc. The acquisition process of the farmland environmental data and crop growth data is as follows: Deploy sensors and collection devices in the farmland, and set the collection time to regularly monitor the farmland environmental data and crop growth data. Among them, the farmland environmental data includes soil humidity, temperature, light intensity, and acidity - alkalinity, and the crop growth data includes the growth cycle and growth speed of the crops. For example, soil humidity sensors, temperature sensors, light intensity sensors, soil pH sensors, etc. are used to monitor the key environmental parameters such as soil humidity, temperature, light intensity, and acidity - alkalinity of the farmland in real - time. For example, growth height sensors, leaf area index sensors, and hyperspectral cameras, etc. regularly record crop growth data such as growth cycle, growth speed, etc. Obtain the previous farmland environmental data and crop growth data according to the long - term monitoring records of the farmland and the databases of publicly available agricultural research institutions, obtain the crop growth sequence list, and use wireless transmission to transmit the monitored farmland environmental data and crop growth data to the data monitoring and management center, and classify the received data, and at the same time establish a data backup mechanism; The data processing and analysis module preprocesses the collected farmland environmental data and crop growth data, constructs a crop growth analysis model, obtains the soil fertility index and the crop growth status prediction index, analyzes the crop growth status and the correlation between the crop growth status and the fertilization amount; the process of obtaining the soil fertility index and the crop growth status prediction index is as follows: data cleaning and data sorting are carried out on the collected farmland environmental data and crop growth data to coordinate the differences between data sources and eliminate redundant information, feature analysis is carried out based on the preprocessed farmland environmental data and crop growth data to determine the environmental factor features and fertilization factor features related to the crop growth status, where the environmental factor features include soil factors and meteorological factors, and the fertilization factor features include fertilizer types and fertilization amounts, according to the analyzed environmental factor features and fertilization factor features, a crop growth analysis model is constructed, and at the same time, the obtained farmland environmental data, crop growth data and crop growth sequence table are integrated to form a unified data set, the integrated data set is divided into a training set, a validation set and a test set, the constructed crop growth analysis model is trained using the training set data, and the trained constructed crop growth analysis model is validated using the data of the validation set and the test set to improve the accuracy and generalization ability of the model, the real-time collected farmland environmental data and crop growth data are input into the trained crop growth analysis model, the soil fertility index and the crop growth status prediction index are output, the fertility level of the soil and the growth trend of the crop are analyzed, according to the crop growth data and the growth status prediction index, combined with the crop growth sequence table, the growth stage of the current crop is judged, the growth health status of the crop and the correlation between the fertilization amount and the crop growth status are analyzed; The fertilizer compensation module obtains the fertilization amount coefficient based on the obtained soil fertility index and the crop growth status prediction index, and combines the analysis results of the crop growth status to determine the types of fertilizers to be compensated and the fertilization amount to be compensated, ensuring that the fertilization amount matches the crop requirements and soil conditions and improving the utilization rate of fertilizers; the process of obtaining the fertilization amount coefficient and the fertilization amount to be compensated is as follows: based on the obtained soil fertility index and the crop growth status prediction index, the actual fertilizer requirements of the crop in the current farmland environment are analyzed, corresponding weights are assigned to the soil fertility index and the crop growth status prediction index according to the crop type, crop growth status and soil fertility level, and the two indexes are weighted and calculated to obtain the fertilization amount coefficient, and then the growth health status and nutritional requirements of the crop are analyzed, according to the soil fertility level and the growth trend of the crop, combined with the fertilization amount coefficient and the crop growth sequence table, the fertilizer type is determined and the fertilization amount to be compensated is calculated, if the crop is nitrogen-deficient, nitrogen fertilizer is selected; if phosphorus and potassium are deficient, compound fertilizer is selected, according to the calculated fertilization amount to be compensated, the fertilizer discharge speed and fertilization amount of the fertilizer applicator are dynamically adjusted, if the fertilization amount is large, the discharge speed is increased; if the fertilization amount is small, the discharge speed is decreased; The control decision-making module formulates specific fertilization strategies based on the fertilization amount that needs to be compensated, including fertilization time, fertilization amount, and fertilization method, realizing the intelligent control of the fertilization process to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of fertilization. The process of formulating specific fertilization strategies is as follows: According to the confirmed fertilizer types, fertilization amounts, soil fertility levels, and crop growth statuses that need to be compensated, clarify the demand situations of different fertilizers and the correlation between the fertilization amount and the current crop status and soil fertility level. Based on the crop growth sequence table and combined with the current crop growth status, determine the fertilization time nodes. For example, for most crops, the nutrient demands in key growth stages such as the seedling stage, jointing stage, flowering stage, and fruiting stage are significantly different. Fertilizing during the period when the crop grows vigorously and has the strongest nutrient absorption capacity can maximize the fertilizer utilization rate. Also, based on the farmland environmental data, select the fertilization time to avoid fertilizing before heavy rain to prevent the fertilizer from being washed away by rain. If the soil is too dry, the fertilizer may not be dissolved and absorbed by the crop in time after fertilization. In this case, it is possible to choose to fertilize when the soil humidity is appropriate after irrigation or rainfall. According to the fertilization amount coefficient calculated by the fertilizer compensation module and the fertilization amount that needs to be compensated, adjust the actual fertilization amount of the fertilizer applicator. At the same time, according to the crop type, crop growth status, and fertilizer type, select the corresponding fertilization method, such as: Broadcasting: suitable for large-area farmland to quickly cover the entire area; Band application: suitable for crops with larger row spacings, such as corn, cotton, etc.; Hole application: suitable for crops such as fruit trees that require precise fertilization. In addition, adjust the fertilization depth according to the crop root distribution and soil conditions. For example: For shallow-rooted crops, the fertilization depth is relatively shallow; for deep-rooted crops, appropriately increase the fertilization depth. Then, convert the determined fertilization time, fertilization amount, and fertilization method into specific control instructions and send the control instructions to the actuator module through wireless communication; The actuator module adjusts the fertilizer discharge speed and fertilization amount of the double-screw fertilizer applicator according to the formulated fertilization strategy. It includes components such as a frequency converter, motor, extrusion pump, and screw pump, which are used to drive the double-screw structure to achieve the transportation and distribution of fertilizers, converting the fertilization strategy into actual fertilization operations to ensure the continuity and accuracy of the fertilization process. The process of adjusting the fertilizer discharge speed and fertilization amount of the double-screw fertilizer applicator is as follows: Receive the control instructions from the control decision-making module and parse them to extract the fertilization time, fertilization amount, and fertilization method. According to the fertilizer discharge speed in the control instructions, adjust the motor speed of the double-screw fertilizer applicator. According to the fertilization amount, adjust the rotation speed of the screw auger and the opening degree of the fertilizer discharge chamber. According to the fertilization amount in the control instructions and combined with the fertilizer discharge speed of the double-screw fertilizer applicator, calculate the time required for fertilization to accurately control the fertilization amount; The monitoring and feedback module monitors the operating status and fertilization effect of the fertilizer applicator in real time, including the fertilization amount and fertilization speed, and in real time feedbacks the operating status of the double - helix fertilizer applicator and makes adjustments and optimizations. The process of real - time feedback of the operating status of the double - helix fertilizer applicator is as follows: weight sensors and flow sensors are deployed at the fertilizer discharge port and the fertilizer conveying pipeline of the double - helix fertilizer applicator to monitor the actual discharged fertilizer flow in real time and compare it with the determined fertilization amount in real time. A rotational speed sensor is deployed on the motor shaft of the fertilizer discharging device of the double - helix fertilizer applicator to determine the fertilization speed. The monitored actual discharged fertilizer flow and fertilization speed are fed back to the control decision - making module in real time to dynamically adjust the motor speed of the fertilizer applicator to ensure the uniformity of the fertilization speed.

[0021] Example 2, as Figures 1 to 4 shown, based on Example 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, the calculation formula of the soil fertility index is: ; where SFI is the soil fertility index, N is the nitrogen content in the soil, and its value range is from 0 to 200 mg / kg. The higher the value, the richer the nitrogen content. P is the phosphorus content in the soil, and its value range is from 0 to 50 mg / kg. The higher the value, the richer the phosphorus content. K is the potassium content in the soil, and its value range is from 0 to 200 mg / kg. The higher the value, the richer the potassium content. PH is the soil acidity - alkalinity, and its value range is from 0 to 14. The closer the value is to 7, the more neutral the soil is. H is the soil humidity, and its value range is from 0% to 100%. The higher the value, the wetter the soil is. M is the soil organic matter content, and its value range is from 0% to 10%. The higher the value, the more fertile the soil is. , b, c, d, e, f are constants used to adjust the weight and influence degree of each factor; The calculation formula of the crop growth status prediction index is: ; where CGPI is the crop growth status prediction index, G is the growth speed of the crop, and its value range is from 0 to 10 cm / day. The higher the value, the faster the crop grows. L is the chlorophyll content of the crop, and its value range is from 0 to 100 SPAD. The higher the value, the healthier the crop is. S is the stem diameter of the crop, and its value range is from 0 to 5 cm. The higher the value, the stronger the crop is. D is the root depth of the crop, and its value range is from 0 to 30 cm. The deeper the value, the more developed the root system is. T is the growth cycle of the crop, and its value range is from 0 to 180 days. The longer the value, the slower the crop grows. h, i, j, k, l, m are constants used to adjust the weight and influence degree of each factor; The calculation formula of the fertilization amount coefficient is: ; Among them, FAC is the fertilization amount coefficient, SFI is the soil fertility index, CGPI is the crop growth status prediction index, n is the weight coefficient of the soil fertility index, o is the reference value of the soil fertility index, p is the weight coefficient of the crop growth status prediction index, q is the reference value of the crop growth status prediction index, and r is the adjustment coefficient used to balance the value range of the entire formula.

[0022] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A double-screw fertilizer spreader control system with adaptive fertilizer compensation, including a data monitoring and management center, characterized in that: The data monitoring management center is communicatively connected with an information collection module, a data processing and analysis module, a fertilizer compensation module, a control decision module, an actuator module, and a monitoring and feedback module, wherein electrical signals are connected between the modules; The information collection module collects farmland environment data and crop growth data, and transmits the collected farmland environment data and crop growth data to the data monitoring and management center in real time; The data processing and analysis module pre-processes the collected farmland environment data and crop growth data, and constructs a crop growth analysis model to obtain the soil fertility index and the crop growth state prediction index, and analyzes the crop growth state and the correlation between the crop growth state and the amount of fertilizer applied; The fertilizer compensation module obtains a fertilizer application coefficient based on the acquired soil fertility index and crop growth status prediction index, and determines the type of fertilizer required to be compensated and the amount of fertilizer required to be compensated in combination with the analysis result of the crop growth status; The control decision module formulates a specific fertilization strategy based on the amount of fertilizer to be compensated, including fertilization time, fertilization amount, and fertilization method; The actuator module adjusts the fertilizer discharge speed and fertilizer application amount of the double-screw fertilizer spreader according to the formulated fertilization strategy; The monitoring and feedback module monitors the operation status and fertilization effect of the fertilizer spreader in real time, including the amount of fertilizer applied and the speed of fertilizer application, and provides real-time feedback on the operation status of the double-screw fertilizer spreader, and performs adjustment and optimization.

2. The control system of a double-screw fertilizer spreader with adaptive fertilizer compensation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the information collection module, the process of acquiring farmland environment data and crop growth data is as follows: Deploy sensors and data collection equipment in farmland, set data collection time, and regularly monitor farmland environmental data and crop growth data. Farmland environmental data includes soil moisture, temperature, light intensity, and pH, and crop growth data includes crop growth cycle and growth rate. Obtain past farmland environmental data and crop growth data based on long-term farmland monitoring records and publicly available databases of agricultural research institutions, and obtain a crop growth sequence table; Wireless transmission is used to transmit the monitored farmland environment data and crop growth data to the data monitoring management center, and the received data is classified, and a data backup mechanism is established.

3. The control system of a double-screw fertilizer spreader with adaptive fertilizer compensation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In the data processing and analysis module, the process of obtaining the soil fertility index and the crop growth status prediction index is as follows: Clean and organize the collected farmland environment data and crop growth data to coordinate the differences between data sources and eliminate redundant information; Based on the pre-processed farmland environment data and crop growth data, feature analysis is performed to determine the environmental factor features and fertilization factor features related to the crop growth status, wherein the environmental factor features include soil factors and meteorological factors, and the fertilization factor features include fertilizer types and fertilizer amounts; Based on the analyzed environmental and fertilization factors, a crop growth analysis model is constructed. At the same time, the acquired farmland environmental data, crop growth data, and crop growth sequence table are integrated to form a unified data set. The integrated data set is divided into a training set, a validation set, and a test set. The training set data is used to train the crop growth analysis model, and the validation set and test set data are used to verify the trained crop growth analysis model to improve the accuracy and generalization ability of the model. Input the real-time collected farmland environment data and crop growth data into the trained crop growth analysis model, output the soil fertility index and crop growth status prediction index, and analyze the soil fertility level and crop growth trend; According to the crop growth data and growth status prediction index, combined with the crop growth sequence table, the current growth stage of the crop can be judged, the growth health status of the crop and the correlation between the amount of fertilizer applied and the crop growth status can be analyzed.

4. The control system of a double-screw fertilizer spreader with adaptive fertilizer compensation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the soil fertility index is: ； Among them, SFI is the soil fertility index, N is the nitrogen content in the soil, P is the phosphorus content in the soil, K is the potassium content in the soil, PH is the acidity and alkalinity of the soil, H is the moisture of the soil, and M is the organic matter content of the soil. , b, c, d, e, f are constants; The calculation formula of the crop growth status prediction index is: ； Among them, CGPI is the crop growth status prediction index, G is the growth rate of the crop, L is the chlorophyll content of the crop, S is the stem diameter of the crop, D is the root depth of the crop, T is the growth cycle of the crop, and h, i, j, k, l, and m are constants.

5. The control system of a double-screw fertilizer spreader with adaptive fertilizer compensation according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The fertilizer compensation module, the process of obtaining the fertilizer amount coefficient and the fertilizer amount to be compensated is as follows: Based on the obtained soil fertility index and crop growth status prediction index, analyze the actual fertilizer demand of crops in the current farmland environment; According to the crop type, crop growth status and soil fertility level, the soil fertility index and crop growth status prediction index are assigned corresponding weights, and the two indexes are weighted to obtain the fertilizer application coefficient, thereby analyzing the growth health status and nutritional needs of crops; Determine the type of fertilizer and calculate the amount of fertilizer required for compensation based on the soil fertility level and crop growth trend combined with the fertilizer application coefficient and crop growth sequence table; According to the calculated amount of fertilizer required for compensation, the fertilizer discharge speed and amount of fertilizer applied by the fertilizer spreader are dynamically adjusted.

6. The control system of a double-screw fertilizer spreader with adaptive fertilizer compensation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the fertilizer application coefficient is: ； Among them, FAC is the fertilizer application coefficient, SFI is the soil fertility index, CGPI is the crop growth status prediction index, n is the weight coefficient of the soil fertility index, o is the benchmark value of the soil fertility index, p is the weight coefficient of the crop growth status prediction index, q is the benchmark value of the crop growth status prediction index, and r is the adjustment coefficient.

7. The control system of a double-screw fertilizer spreader with adaptive fertilizer compensation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The process of formulating a specific fertilization strategy in the control decision module is as follows: According to the confirmed fertilizer types and fertilizer application amounts, soil fertility level and crop growth status, the demand for different fertilizers and the relationship between fertilizer application amounts and the current status of crops and soil fertility level should be clarified; Determine the fertilization time node based on the crop growth sequence table and the current crop growth status, and select the fertilization time based on the farmland environment data; According to the fertilizer application coefficient calculated by the fertilizer compensation module and the required fertilizer application amount, the actual fertilizer application amount of the fertilizer applicator is adjusted, and the corresponding fertilization method is selected according to the crop type, crop growth status and fertilizer type; The determined fertilization time, fertilization amount and fertilization method are converted into specific control instructions, and the control instructions are sent to the actuator module through wireless communication.

8. The control system of a double-screw fertilizer spreader with adaptive fertilizer compensation according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the actuator module, the process of adjusting the fertilizer discharge speed and fertilizer application amount of the double-screw fertilizer spreader is as follows: Receive and analyze the control instructions from the control decision module to extract the fertilization time, fertilization amount and fertilization method; According to the fertilizer discharge speed in the control command, adjust the motor speed of the double-screw fertilizer spreader, and according to the fertilizer amount, adjust the speed of the spiral auger and the opening degree of the fertilizer discharge chamber; According to the amount of fertilizer in the control instruction and the fertilizer discharge speed of the double-screw fertilizer spreader, the time required for fertilization is calculated and the amount of fertilizer is accurately controlled.

9. The control system of a double-screw fertilizer spreader with adaptive fertilizer compensation according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the monitoring and feedback module, the process of real-time feedback of the operating status of the double-screw fertilizer spreader is as follows: Deploy weight sensors and flow sensors on the fertilizer discharge port and fertilizer delivery pipeline of the double-screw fertilizer spreader to monitor the actual fertilizer flow in real time and compare it with the determined fertilizer amount in real time; A speed sensor is deployed on the motor shaft of the fertilizer discharging device of the double-screw fertilizer spreader to determine the fertilization speed; The actual discharged fertilizer flow and fertilization speed monitored are fed back to the control decision module in real time to dynamically adjust the motor speed of the fertilizer spreader.

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