Application of terpenoids in tobacco leaf baking yellowing, tobacco fumigation yellowing agent and application of tobacco fumigation yellowing agent

Abstract

The invention relates to application of terpenoids in tobacco leaf baking yellowing, a tobacco fumigation yellowing agent and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco processing. A large number of experiments find that in the tobacco leaf baking process, the terpenoids (alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, 1, 8-terpenes, alpha-bisabolol, bisabolol and beta-elemene) can promote smooth proceeding of internal biochemical reaction of tobacco leaves in the flue-cured tobacco fumigation period through the unique chemical properties of the terpenoids, and therefore the tobacco leaf curing effect is improved. Meanwhile, generation of harmful substances is reduced, and the overall quality of the tobacco leaves is improved. A new research direction is provided for accelerating yellowing of tobacco leaves in the tobacco baking process, the problem of yellowing of green stems in the flue-cured tobacco baking process is effectively solved, the quality of flue-cured tobacco is improved, the green and environment-friendly production target is achieved, and the requirement for sustainable development of modern agriculture is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the application of terpenoid compounds in tobacco leaf baking and yellowing, a tobacco fumigation and yellowing agent and the application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco processing. Background Art

[0002] With the development of economy and the advancement of science and technology, consumers have higher and higher requirements for cigarette quality. Therefore, improving cigarette quality also plays a vital role in ensuring the growth of tobacco market scale.

[0003] In addition to the selection of tobacco varieties and field management, the baking technology of tobacco leaves also plays an important role in the formation of their quality. At present, the common baking method of tobacco leaves is three-stage baking, that is, the baking process is divided into the yellowing stage, the color fixing stage and the dry tendon stage. The whole baking process generally takes 125-140 hours. In the baking of tobacco leaves, the problem of blue veins turning yellow has always been a difficult problem that has plagued the industry. Blue veins refer to the green leaf veins that are not fully transformed in tobacco leaves. They not only affect the appearance of tobacco leaves, but also reduce their combustion performance and taste quality. Specifically, the color of blue vein tobacco leaves is light, the chroma is uneven, the oil content is low, the elasticity is poor, and the internal chemical composition is not coordinated, the green smell is heavy, the aroma is insufficient, and it cannot enter the main group grading, which has a great impact on the quality of industrial cigarette products. Traditional tobacco flue-cured methods often make it difficult to accurately control temperature and humidity, resulting in frequent blue vein phenomena, which seriously restricts the improvement of flue-cured tobacco quality.

[0004] A Chinese invention patent application with a publication date of June 11, 2021 and publication number CN112931916A discloses a method for selecting the wet-bulb temperature during the yellowing period of a flue-cured tobacco baking process, which provides a standard for selecting the wet-bulb temperature during tobacco leaf baking; a Chinese invention patent application with a publication date of May 27, 2022 and publication number CN114532571A discloses a method for periodically changing the temperature during the yellowing period to promote the yellowing of tobacco leaves. During the yellowing period of tobacco leaves, the method achieves the desired temperature by precisely controlling the temperature of the tobacco leaves in a dense baking room. The purpose of yellowing; the Chinese invention patent application with the publication date of May 27, 2022 and the publication number of CN114532572A discloses the yellowing period and pre-color fixing period baking process of tobacco leaves in intensive flue-curing rooms, which speeds up the baking speed of tobacco leaves and improves the quality of tobacco leaves after baking; the Chinese invention patent with the publication date of August 17, 2016 and the publication number of CN104720090B discloses a treatment method for forced dehumidification during the yellowing period of flue-cured tobacco, which can significantly improve the rotten head phenomenon of tobacco leaves during the yellowing period of baking, so that tobacco leaf baking can continue. The above-mentioned invention patents all promote the yellowing of tobacco leaves during the tobacco growth period or by changing the baking process, temperature control, etc. During the implementation process, there are differences between the baking results of tobacco leaves of different varieties, different regions, and different flue-curing rooms, which are not easy to operate and apply in practice.

[0005] A Chinese invention patent application with a publication date of January 1, 2014 and a publication number of CN103478884A discloses a pre-curing treatment method for promoting yellowing of tobacco leaves. After the tobacco leaves are harvested and before curing, the tobacco leaves are fumigated with high-concentration ethylene gas for 6-15 hours, and ventilated for 0-40 minutes 2-10 hours after the ethylene treatment to achieve the purpose of ripening and yellowing; a Chinese invention patent application with a publication date of March 19, 2024 and a publication number of CN117716893A discloses a method for ripening and yellowing the top leaves of flue-cured tobacco, specifically using agents such as gibberellic acid, ethephon, and cyclopropanecarboxamide to ripen the upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco; a Chinese invention patent application with a publication date of June 12, 2018 and a publication number of CN108142139A discloses a method for promoting the maturity and yellowing of tobacco leaves that are difficult to yellow. A method for spraying ethephon, during the maturity period of tobacco leaves, spraying low-concentration ethephon on the leaves to promote timely yellowing of the tobacco leaf surface; a Chinese invention patent application with a publication date of January 12, 2021 and publication number CN112205660A discloses a production method for ripening and enhancing the flavor of upper tobacco leaves, using an ethephon solution with a concentration of 200-400PPM to evenly spray the leaves on the front and back, and harvest and bake them once after 96 hours of treatment; a Chinese invention patent application with a publication date of December 11, 2018 and publication number CN108966906A discloses the application of ethephon in regulating the opening degree of the upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco. For the upper 14-18 leaf positions of tobacco leaves that are in an underripe state and have poor opening, a pneumatic agricultural sprayer is used to spray ethephon inducer on the leaves to increase the opening degree of the upper leaves of the flue-cured tobacco. The above-mentioned invention patents all use ethylene or ethephon to ripen the tobacco leaves before they are picked and roasted to promote the yellowing of tobacco leaves, but the problem of blue veins appearing during the tobacco roasting process has not been solved. Summary of the invention

[0006] The first object of the present invention is to provide an application of terpenoid compounds in tobacco leaf yellowing during baking, so as to solve the problem of blue veins appearing during tobacco baking in the prior art.

[0007] The second object of the present invention is to provide a tobacco fumigation yellowing agent, and to provide a tobacco fumigation yellowing agent that can improve the yellowing efficiency of tobacco during the baking process.

[0008] The third object of the present invention is to provide a tobacco fumigation yellowing agent for use in tobacco leaf yellowing, so as to solve the problem of blue veins appearing in the tobacco baking process in the prior art.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the application of terpenoid compounds in tobacco leaf baking and yellowing is as follows:

[0010] Application of terpenoids in the yellowing process of tobacco leaves during baking, wherein the terpenoid is one or two of α-pinene, β-pinene, 1,8-terpinene, α-bisabolol, bisabolene, and β-elemene.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The application of the terpenoids of the present invention in the yellowing process of tobacco leaves during baking belongs to a pioneering invention. Through a large number of experiments, the present invention has found that during the baking process of tobacco leaves, terpenoids (α-pinene, β-pinene, 1,8-terpinene, α-bisabolol, bisabolene, β-elemene) can, through their unique chemical properties, promote the smooth progress of internal biochemical reactions in tobacco leaves during the fumigation of flue-cured tobacco, accelerate the transformation and disappearance of blue veins to promote yellowing, while reducing the generation of harmful substances and improving the overall quality of tobacco leaves. The present invention provides a new research direction for accelerating the yellowing of tobacco leaves during the tobacco baking process, effectively solves the problem of blue vein yellowing during the fumigation of flue-cured tobacco, improves the quality of flue-cured tobacco, realizes the production goals of green and environmental protection, and meets the requirements of sustainable development of modern agriculture.

[0012] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of a tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in the present invention is:

[0013] A tobacco fumigation yellowing agent, the yellowing agent comprising a terpenoid, a stabilizer, a surfactant, and a solvent; the mass percentage of the terpenoid in the yellowing agent is 2-7%; the terpenoid is one or two of α-pinene, β-pinene, 1,8-terpinene, α-bisabolol, bisabolene, and β-elemene.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent of the present invention can effectively reduce the problem of blue veins in tobacco leaves during baking, accelerate the yellowing of tobacco leaves, and facilitate color fixation. The raw materials of the product are easily available, and the production process is convenient, solving the problem of blue veins in the traditional flue-cured tobacco baking process and improving the production efficiency of flue-cured tobacco.

[0015] As a further improvement, the mass percentage of the stabilizer in the yellowing agent is 8-12%; the stabilizer is glycerol and / or ethylene glycol.

[0016] As a further improvement, the mass percentage of the surfactant in the yellowing agent is 3-5%; the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium lauryl sulfonate.

[0017] As a further improvement, the solvent is composed of water and an organic solvent; the mass percentage of the solvent in the yellowing agent is 77-85%.

[0018] As a further improvement, the mass ratio of the organic solvent to water is 1:(0.4-3.3); the organic solvent is ethanol and / or ether.

[0019] As a further improvement, the pH of the yellowing agent is 6.5 to 7.5.

[0020] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the application of a tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in the yellowing of tobacco leaves during baking in the present invention is as follows:

[0021] An application of a tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in the yellowing of tobacco leaves during baking.

[0022] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that: through on-site application experiments, it is proved that the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent can effectively reduce the problem of blue veins in tobacco leaves during baking, and it is convenient and fast to use, which can be carried out during the baking process without other auxiliary operations, and is conducive to large-scale popularization and use.

[0023] As a further improvement, the yellowing agent is placed at the bottom of the baking room during the baking period after the tobacco leaves are harvested.

[0024] As a further improvement, (30 - 50) g of the yellowing agent is used for 200 - 400 poles of tobacco leaves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart for the preparation of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the five-point placement in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a field view of the tobacco baking room in Experimental Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is the influence of different treatments on the blue vein rate of upper flue-cured tobacco in Experimental Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is the influence of different treatments on the blue vein rate of middle flue-cured tobacco in Experimental Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] In the prior art, there are mainly two means to promote the yellowing of tobacco leaves. One is to adjust the tobacco planting method and change the tobacco baking process, etc., and the other is to use ethylene or ethephon to treat the tobacco leaves in the early stage of tobacco leaf picking and baking. During the implementation of the first method, due to differences in tobacco varieties, baking equipment conditions, etc., the effects will vary greatly; while the second method cannot solve the problem of blue veins in tobacco during baking. Based on this, the present invention provides the application of terpenoids in the yellowing of tobacco leaves during baking. Through a large number of experiments, the present invention finds that using α-pinene, β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, α-bisabolol, bisabolene, β-elemene during the tobacco baking process can significantly reduce the blue vein rate of flue-cured tobacco.

[0031] Furthermore, the present invention provides a tobacco fumigation yellowing agent comprising a terpene compound, a stabilizer, a surfactant and a solvent, and experiments have proved that using this yellowing agent during the flue-cured tobacco baking process can significantly reduce the percentage of green flue-cured tobacco, significantly increase the proportion of orange-yellow flue-cured tobacco, and at the same time reduce the occurrence of green veins.

[0032] Specifically, the preparation method of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent of the present invention (the process is as Figure 1 shown) comprises the following steps:

[0033] 1) Take an organic solvent portion and add it to reaction kettle a, start the stirrer, slowly add the terpene compound to reaction kettle a, and stir for 5 - 10 min to obtain a mixed liquid A;

[0034] 2) Take deionized water and add it to reaction kettle b, start the stirrer, slowly add the stabilizer to reaction kettle b, and stir for 5 - 10 min to obtain a mother liquor B;

[0035] 3) Take the surfactant and add it to the mother liquor B obtained in step 2), start the heating device, control the temperature at 30 - 45 °C, and stir for 5 - 10 min to obtain a mixed liquid C;

[0036] 4) Add the mixed liquid A obtained in step 1) to the mixed liquid C obtained in step 3), start the stirrer, start the heating device, control the temperature at 30 - 45 °C, and stir for 10 - 25 min until the materials are completely dissolved into a colorless and transparent state. Let the materials in the reaction kettle stand until room temperature to obtain a mixed liquid D;

[0037] 5) Add a pH regulator to the mixed liquid D obtained in step 4), adjust the pH to 6.5 - 7.5, and conduct a stability test. The test conditions are: cold storage at - 0 °C for 14 days, hot storage at 54 °C for 14 days. If the solution does not crystallize, separate, precipitate, or become opaque when restored to room temperature, it is a qualified product.

[0038] The following further describes the present invention in combination with specific embodiments. It should be noted that, on the premise of no conflict, the following described embodiments or technical features can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments. The equipment and raw materials used can be purchased from the market or are commonly used in the art. The methods in the following embodiments are conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0039] The raw materials used in the following examples are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1 Raw material situation table for the examples of the present invention

[0041] Serial number Raw material name CAS number Manufacturer 1 Ethanol 64-17-5 Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. 2 Ethyl ether 60-29-7 Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. 3 α-Pinene 80-56-8 Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. 4 β-Pinene 2437-95-8 Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. 5 1,8-Terpinene 138-86-3 Jiangxi Linyuan Spice Co., Ltd. 6 β-Elemene 515-13-9 Taizhou Aoruijin Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 7 Bisabolene 495-62-5 Guangdong Wengjiang Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. 8 α-Bisabolol 515-69-5 Tianjin Xiensi Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. 9 Sodium dodecyl sulfate 151-21-3 Jiangsu Runfeng Synthetic Technology Co., Ltd. 10 Sodium lauryl sulfate 2386-53-0 Jiangsu Runfeng Synthetic Technology Co., Ltd.

[0042] I. Specific embodiments of the application of the terpene compound of the present invention in the yellowing of tobacco leaves during baking:

[0043] Example 1 Screening of the effect of terpenoids on the yellowing of flue-cured tobacco during smoking and baking

[0044] In this example, the effects of 9 different terpenoids on the yellowing of flue-cured tobacco during smoking were verified. The specific implementation operations are as follows:

[0045] In this example, reagents were prepared according to the following formula and the harvested flue-cured tobacco was treated according to the following specific usage method. After baking, the blue vein rates of different experimental groups were counted. The control was that the terpenoid was replaced with the same mass of clear water, and the rest of the raw materials remained unchanged.

[0046] (1) Reagent preparation

[0047] It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of organic solvent, 3 parts of terpenoid, 11 parts of stabilizer, 3 parts of surfactant, 53 parts of deionized water, and 0.04 part of pH regulator. Among them, the organic solvent is ethanol; the terpenoid is one of myrcene, α-pinene, β-pinene, 1,8-terpinene, α-farnesene, farnesene, α-bisabolol, bisabolene, β-elemene and the clear water control; the stabilizer is glycerol; the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate; the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution by mass fraction.

[0048] (2) Reagent usage method

[0049] Usage period: During the yellowing stage of flue-cured tobacco baking in the kang room after harvesting.

[0050] Recommended dosage: 30 - 50 g per 200 - 400 poles in one kang room.

[0051] Usage method: When fumigating and baking flue-cured tobacco, after diluting with water by 15 - 20 times, place it evenly at five points at the bottom of the baking room (as Figure 2 shown).

[0052] (3) Treatment results

[0053] The effects of different terpenoids on the yellowing of flue-cured tobacco during smoking are shown in Table 2. It can be seen from the table that myrcene, α-farnesene, and farnesene have poor effects on reducing the blue vein rate of flue-cured tobacco, while α-pinene, β-pinene, 1,8-terpinene, α-bisabolol, bisabolene, and β-elemene can significantly reduce the blue vein rate of flue-cured tobacco.

[0054] Table 2 Screening results of different terpenoids

[0055] Serial number Terpenoid Upper tobacco vein rate % Lower tobacco vein rate % 1 Myrcene 8.97a 9.12a 2 α-Pinene 5.45 b 5.32b 3 β-Pinene 5.17 b 6.01b 4 1,8-Terpinene 5.80 b 5.37b 5 α-Farnesene 8.65a 8.8a 6 Farnesene 9.18 a 9.32a 7 α-Bisabolol 5.47 b 5.97b 8 Bisabolene 5.32 b 4.98b 9 β-Elemene 5.63 b 5.07b 10 Water control 9.63a 9.97a

[0056] Although both terpenoids and chlorophyll play important roles in plants, existing research has not clearly shown that terpenoids are directly involved in the chlorophyll degradation process. Terpenoids mainly function as signaling molecules or defense substances in plants. However, the metabolic network in plants is complex and interconnected. Terpenoids may indirectly affect the chlorophyll degradation process by influencing the overall metabolic state of plants, but this inference requires further research to confirm.

[0057] II. Specific embodiments of a tobacco fumigation yellowing agent of the present invention:

[0058] Example 2

[0059] The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent of this example is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 2% terpenoids, 8% stabilizer, 5% surfactant, 85% solvent and pH regulator; the terpenoids are 1,8-terpinene, the stabilizer is glycerol, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the solvent is ethanol and deionized water, the mass ratio of ethanol to deionized water is 20:65, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

[0060] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this example is as follows:

[0061] 1) Take 20 parts of organic solvent and add it to reaction kettle a. Turn on the stirrer, take 2 parts of terpenoids and slowly add them to reaction kettle a, and stir for 10 min to obtain mixture A;

[0062] 2) Take 65 parts of deionized water and add it to reaction kettle b. Turn on the stirrer, take 8 parts of stabilizer and slowly add it to reaction kettle b, and stir for 5 min to obtain mother liquor B;

[0063] 3) Take 5 parts of surfactant and add it to the mother liquor B obtained in step 2). Turn on the heating device, control the temperature at 30 °C, and stir for 5 min to obtain mixture C;

[0064] 4) Add the mixture A obtained in step 1) to the mixture C obtained in step 3). Turn on the stirrer and the heating device, control the temperature at 30 °C, and stir for 20 min until the materials are completely dissolved into a colorless and transparent state. Let the materials in the reaction kettle stand to room temperature to obtain mixture D;

[0065] 5) Add the pH regulator to the mixture D obtained in step 4), adjust the pH to 7.0, and conduct a stability test. The test conditions are: cold storage at -0 °C for 14 days, heat storage at 54 °C for 14 days. If the solution does not crystallize, delaminate, precipitate, or become opaque when restored to room temperature, it is a qualified product.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] The tobacco fumigation and yellowing agent of this embodiment is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 3% terpene compounds, 10% stabilizer, 3% surfactant, 84% solvent and pH regulator; the terpene compound is 1,8-terpinene, the stabilizer is glycerol, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the solvent is ethanol and deionized water, the mass ratio of ethanol to deionized water is 25:59, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

[0068] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation and yellowing agent in this embodiment is as described in Example 2.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] The tobacco fumigation and yellowing agent of this embodiment is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 3% terpene compounds, 10% stabilizer, 3% surfactant, 84% solvent and pH regulator; the terpene compound is α-pinene, the stabilizer is glycerol, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the solvent is ethanol and deionized water, the mass ratio of ethanol to deionized water is 25:59, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

[0071] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation and yellowing agent in this embodiment is as described in Example 2.

[0072] Example 5

[0073] The tobacco fumigation and yellowing agent of this embodiment is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 5% terpene compounds, 12% stabilizer, 6% surfactant, 77% solvent and pH regulator; the terpene compound is α-pinene, the stabilizer is ethylene glycol, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the solvent is ether and deionized water, the mass ratio of ether to deionized water is 35:42, and the pH regulator is a 5% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution.

[0074] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation and yellowing agent in this embodiment is as described in Example 2.

[0075] Example 6

[0076] The tobacco fumigation and yellowing agent of this embodiment is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 4% terpene compounds, 12% stabilizer, 4% surfactant, 80% solvent and pH regulator; the terpene compound is β-pinene, the stabilizer is glycerol, the surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate, the solvent is ethanol and deionized water, the mass ratio of ethanol to deionized water is 1:1, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

[0077] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation and yellowing agent in this embodiment is as described in Example 2.

[0078] Example 7

[0079] The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent of this example is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 3% terpene compounds, 10% stabilizer, 5% surfactant, 82% solvent and pH regulator; the terpene compound is β-pinene, the stabilizer is glycerol, the surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate, the solvent is ethanol and deionized water, the mass ratio of ethanol to deionized water is 30:52, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

[0080] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this example is as described in Example 2.

[0081] Example 8

[0082] The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent of this example is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 5% terpene compounds, 11% stabilizer, 3% surfactant, 81% solvent and pH regulator; the terpene compound is bisabolene, the stabilizer is glycerol, the surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate, the solvent is ethanol and deionized water, the mass ratio of ethanol to deionized water is 40:41, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

[0083] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this example is as described in Example 2.

[0084] Example 9

[0085] The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent of this example is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 4% terpene compounds, 10% stabilizer, 4% surfactant, 82% solvent and pH regulator; the terpene compound is β-elemene, the stabilizer is glycerol, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the solvent is ethanol and deionized water, the mass ratio of ethanol to deionized water is 35:47, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

[0086] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this example is as described in Example 2.

[0087] Example 10

[0088] The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent of this example is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 3% terpene compounds, 11% stabilizer, 3% surfactant, 83% solvent and pH regulator; the terpene compound is α-bisabolol, the stabilizer is glycerol, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the solvent is ethanol and deionized water, the mass ratio of ethanol to deionized water is 30:53, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

[0089] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this example is as described in Example 2.

[0090] Example 11

[0091] The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this example is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 4% terpene compounds, 10% stabilizer, 5% surfactant, 81% solvent and pH regulator; the terpene compounds are α-bisabolol and α-pinene, the stabilizer is glycerol, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the solvent is ethanol and deionized water, the mass ratio of α-bisabolol to α-pinene is 1:1, the mass ratio of ethanol to deionized water is 30:51, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

[0092] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this example is as described in Example 2.

[0093] Example 12

[0094] The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this example is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 3% terpene compounds, 10% stabilizer, 5% surfactant, 82% solvent and pH regulator; the terpene compound is α-bisabolol, the stabilizers are ethylene glycol and glycerol, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the solvent is ether, ethanol and deionized water, the mass ratio of ether, ethanol and deionized water is 8:20:54, the mass ratio of ethylene glycol to glycerol is 1:1, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

[0095] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this example is as described in Example 2.

[0096] Example 13

[0097] The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this example is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 5% terpene compounds, 10% stabilizer, 5% surfactant, 80% solvent and pH regulator; the terpene compound is α-bisabolol, the stabilizer is glycerol, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the solvent is ethanol and deionized water, the mass ratio of ethanol to deionized water is 1:1, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

[0098] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this example is as described in Example 2.

[0099] Example 14

[0100] The tobacco fumigation and yellowing agent of this embodiment is composed of the following components by mass fraction: 7% terpene compounds, 10% stabilizer, 3% surfactant, 80% solvent and pH regulator; the terpene compound is α-bisabolol, the stabilizer is glycerol, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the solvent is ethanol and deionized water, the mass ratio of ethanol to deionized water is 24:56, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

[0101] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation and yellowing agent in this embodiment is as described in Example 2.

[0102] Specifically, the specific temperature control and pH of each implementation step in Examples 2 to 14 are shown in Table 3.

[0103] Table 3 Specific temperature control and pH of each implementation step in Examples 2 to 14

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] III. Comparative Examples

[0107] Effect verification of the stabilizer in Comparative Example 1

[0108] The tobacco fumigation and yellowing agent of this comparative example is made from the following raw materials by weight: 30 parts of organic solvent, 3 parts of terpene compound, 3 parts of surfactant, 64 parts of deionized water, and pH regulator. Among them, the organic solvent is ethanol, the terpene compound is α-bisabolol, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution by mass fraction.

[0109] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation and yellowing agent in this comparative example includes the following steps:

[0110] 1) Take 30 parts of organic solvent and add it to reactor a. Start the stirrer, take 3 parts of terpene compound and slowly add it to reactor a, and stir for 10 min to obtain mixture A;

[0111] 2) Take 64 parts of deionized water and add it to reactor b. Start the stirrer and the heating device, control the temperature at 35°C, take 3 parts of surfactant and slowly add it to reactor b, and stir for 10 min to obtain mixture C;

[0112] 3) Add the mixture A obtained in step 1) to the mixture C obtained in step 2). Start the stirrer and the heating device, control the temperature at 35°C, and stir for 25 min until the material is completely dissolved and colorless and transparent. Let the material in the reactor stand to room temperature to obtain mixture D;

[0113] 4) Add a pH regulator to the mixed solution D obtained in step 3) and adjust the pH to 7.0.

[0114] When preparing the finished product in this comparative example in step 3), white flocculants appeared, and stratification occurred after standing at room temperature for 24 h, making it unusable.

[0115] Verification of the effect of the surfactant in Comparative Example 2

[0116] The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent of this comparative example is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of organic solvent, 3 parts of terpene compound, 10 parts of stabilizer, 57 parts of deionized water, and pH regulator. Among them, the organic solvent is ethanol, the terpene compound is α-bisabolol, the stabilizer is glycerol, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution by mass fraction.

[0117] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent of this comparative example includes the following steps:

[0118] 1) Take 30 parts of organic solvent and add it to reaction kettle a. Turn on the stirrer, slowly add 3 parts of terpene compound to reaction kettle a, and stir for 10 min to obtain mixed solution A;

[0119] 2) Take 57 parts of deionized water and add it to reaction kettle b. Turn on the stirrer, slowly add 10 parts of stabilizer to reaction kettle b, and stir for 5 - 10 min to obtain mother liquor B;

[0120] 3) Add the mixed solution A obtained in step 1) to the mixed solution B obtained in step 2). Turn on the stirrer and the heating device, control the temperature at 35 °C, and stir for 25 min until the materials are completely dissolved into a colorless and transparent state. Let the materials in the reaction kettle stand to room temperature to obtain mixed solution C;

[0121] 4) Add a pH regulator to the mixed solution C obtained in step 3) and adjust the pH to 7.0.

[0122] During the use of the finished product prepared in this comparative example, the dispersion and release effect is poor, the volatilization is uneven, and the flue-cured tobacco will show a semi-green and semi-yellow phenomenon during baking, making it unusable.

[0123] Verification of the dosage of terpene compound 1 in Comparative Example 3

[0124] The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent of this comparative example is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 64 parts of organic solvent, 8 parts of terpene compound, 10 parts of stabilizer, 3 parts of surfactant, 15 parts of deionized water, and pH regulator. Among them, the organic solvent is ethanol, the terpene compound is α-bisabolol, the stabilizer is glycerol, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution by mass fraction.

[0125] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this comparative example is as described in Example 2. When there are many terpenoids, the amount of organic solvent needed also increases. Since there is too little water, the surfactant in step 3) cannot be completely dissolved. The stirring time is increased by 1 h, the temperature is raised to 45 °C, and the finished product precipitates after standing for 12 h. Analysis of possible reasons: When there are many terpenoids, the amount of solvent needed also increases, resulting in too little water and the surfactant in step 3) cannot be completely dissolved, and the product cannot be prepared.

[0126] Comparative Example 4 Verification of the dosage of terpenoids 2

[0127] The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this comparative example is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of organic solvent, 1 part of terpenoid compound, 10 parts of stabilizer, 5 parts of surfactant, 74 parts of deionized water, and pH regulator. Among them, the organic solvent is ethanol, the terpenoid compound is α-bisabolol, the stabilizer is glycerol, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution by mass fraction.

[0128] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this comparative example is as described in Example 1. When there are few terpenoids, the amount of organic solvent needed also decreases accordingly. During step 4), the mixture D is layered. Even when the reaction temperature is raised to 45 °C, it is still layered. The possible reason is that there is too little solvent, resulting in the precipitation of terpenoid compounds, and the finished product cannot be prepared.

[0129] Comparative Example 5 Verification of the solvent dosage

[0130] The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this comparative example is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of organic solvent, 1 part of terpenoid compound, 10 parts of stabilizer, 5 parts of surfactant, 64 parts of deionized water, and pH regulator. Among them, the organic solvent is ethanol, the terpenoid compound is α-bisabolol, the stabilizer is glycerol, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the pH regulator is a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution by mass fraction.

[0131] The preparation method of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in this comparative example is as described in Example 1. A stable tobacco fumigation yellowing agent can be obtained. During the later experimental process, it was found that when there are few terpenoids, the effect of reducing the rate of blue veins is not significant when used according to the product usage method.

[0132] IV. Experimental Example Application of Tobacco Fumigation Yellowing Agent in Tobacco Leaf Baking and Yellowing

[0133] Experimental Example 1 Verification of the Field Efficacy Test Effect 1

[0134] In this experimental example, the tobacco fumigation yellowing agents prepared in Examples 4, 7, and 10 were selected for fumigation experiments during the flue-cured tobacco baking period. The specific operations are as follows:

[0135] The experiment was set up in Lushi County, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province; tobacco variety: Zhongyan 99; experimental part: upper tobacco leaves; curing barn specifications: 3 - layer drying racks, covering an area of 20 m 2 , 300 poles (the on - site of the tobacco curing barn is as Figure 3 shown). Baking method: three - stage baking as shown in Table 4.

[0136] Table 4 Specific implementation plan of three - stage baking

[0137]

[0138] Five treatments were set in the experiment, namely pure water CK (pure water control), A (comparative example 5), B (example 4), C (example 7), D (example 10). Among them, pure water CK control used pure water for the experiment. The dosages of treatments A, B, C, and D were 40 g, all diluted with pure water. The dilution ratio between pure water and the examples was a mass ratio of 20:1 and were evenly mixed. During tobacco baking, each treatment was evenly placed at the bottom of the curing barn in a five - point pattern (as Figure 2 ), and the mass of the mixed liquid at each point was 160 g. After baking, the proportion of different colors of tobacco and the situation of green veins were counted. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, and the specific results are shown in Table 5.

[0139] Table 5 Influence of different treatments on the color proportion of upper - part flue - cured tobacco

[0140]

[0141] Note: The classification of flue - cured tobacco colors refers to "Tobacco Cultivation" written by Liu Guoshun and "GB 2635 - 1992 Flue - cured Tobacco" for classification. The specific classification criteria are as follows:

[0142] Lemon yellow: After curing, the surface of the tobacco leaf shows a pure yellow color, usually within the light yellow and positive yellow color gamuts, and the yellow pigment reaches about 100%.

[0143] Orange yellow: After curing, the surface of the tobacco leaf is mainly yellow and shows a relatively obvious red color, usually within the golden yellow, orange yellow, and dark yellow color gamuts. The yellow pigment accounts for about 70%, and the red pigment accounts for about 30%.

[0144] Red - brown: After curing, the surface of the tobacco leaf shows red - yellow and brown - yellow colors, including the orange - red and light red - brown color gamuts. The red pigment reaches about 70%, and the yellow pigment accounts for 10% - 30%.

[0145] Slightly green - tinged: It refers to tobacco leaves with any visible green color on the yellow tobacco leaves and not exceeding 30% of the total area, that is, the green - containing area or the green - containing degree does not exceed 30%.

[0146] Blue variegation: Variegation refers to non-basic color patches on the surface of tobacco leaves (excluding greenish-yellow). Any leaf with variegated area accounting for 20% or more of the whole leaf is called a variegated leaf, and variegated leaves are classified into the blue variegation group.

[0147] As can be seen from Table 5, compared with the clear water CK control, the proportion of orange-yellow in treatments B, C, D increased significantly by 25.67% - 29%, and the proportions of reddish-brown, slightly greenish, and blue variegation were significantly lower than those of the CK control, 6.67% - 10.33%, 5.34% - 10.34%, 9.33% - 1% respectively; there was no significant difference in the proportion of each color between treatment A and the CK control. It shows that after using the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in Examples 4, 7, and 10, the percentage of green flue-cured tobacco can be significantly reduced, and the proportion of orange flue-cured tobacco can be significantly increased.

[0148] The effects of different treatment groups on the green veins of upper flue-cured tobacco are as Figure 4 shown. It can be seen from the figure that compared with the clear water CK control, the green vein rates in treatments B, C, D decreased significantly by 3.53%, 3.93%, 4.16% respectively, and the green vein rates in treatments B, C, D were also significantly lower than that in treatment A. It shows that the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent in Examples 4, 7, and 10 can effectively reduce the problem of green veins in flue-cured tobacco and reduce the occurrence of green veins.

[0149] Experimental Example 2 Verification of the Field Efficacy Test Effect 2

[0150] In this experimental example, the tobacco fumigation yellowing agents prepared in Examples 4, 7, and 10 were used for fumigation experiments during the flue-curing period of flue-cured tobacco. The specific operations are as follows:

[0151] The experiment was set up in Chenggong District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province; tobacco variety: Yunyan 87; experimental part: middle leaves; curing barn specifications: 3-layer curing racks, covering an area of 22m 2 、300 poles. Curing method: three-stage curing

[0152] Five treatments were set in the experiment, namely clear water CK (clear water control), A (comparative example 5), B (Example 4), C (Example 7), D (Example 10). Among them, the CK control used pure water for the experiment. The dosages of treatments A, B, C, D were 40g, all diluted with pure water, and the dilution ratio between pure water and the examples was 20:1 by mass ratio, and they were evenly mixed. During the flue-curing of tobacco, each treatment was evenly placed at the bottom of the curing barn in a five-point pattern (same as Experimental Example 1), and the mass of the mixed solution at each point was 150g. After the curing was completed, the proportions of different colors of tobacco and the situation of green veins were counted. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, and the specific results are shown in Table 6.

[0153] Table 6 Effects of Different Treatments on the Color Proportion of Middle Flue-Cured Tobacco

[0154]

[0155] As can be seen from Table 6, compared with the control CK of clear water, for Treatments B, C, and D, the orange color increased significantly by 13.33% - 15%, the lemon yellow color increased significantly by 16% - 16.66%, the reddish-brown color decreased significantly by 8% - 14.34%, the slightly bluish-green color decreased significantly by 8.67% - 13.67%, and the bluish-green variegated color decreased significantly by 6.67% - 8%; there was no significant difference between Treatment A and CK. This shows that after using the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent of Examples 4, 7, and 10, the proportions of reddish-brown, slightly bluish-green, and bluish-green variegated colors in the middle part of flue-cured tobacco can be significantly reduced, while the proportions of orange and lemon yellow colors can be increased.

[0156] The effects of different treatment groups on the green veins of the upper flue-cured tobacco are as Figure 5 shown. It can be seen from the figure that compared with the clear water CK, Treatments A - D can all significantly reduce the green vein rate of the middle part of flue-cured tobacco by 2.07% - 4.87%. Compared with Treatment A, the green vein rates of Treatments B, C, and D decreased significantly by 1.93% - 2.80%. This shows that Examples 4, 7, and 10 can significantly reduce the proportion of green veins in the middle part of flue-cured tobacco.

[0157] Furthermore, in all experimental examples of the present invention, the storage conditions of tobacco during the late drying stage were followed up, and no mildew phenomenon was found in the tobacco treated with the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent prepared by the present invention.

[0158] The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent of the present invention has the following advantages: First, the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent can be mixed with pure water in any proportion, and the use compatibility is convenient; second, the effect is outstanding, it can significantly reduce the green vein rate in tobacco fumigation, increase the proportions of orange and lemon yellow colors in tobacco, and improve the baking quality of tobacco leaves; third, the raw materials of the product are easily available, the process is simple, and it is convenient for industrial production; fourth, the application is convenient and not restricted by the baking equipment.

[0159] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention is subject to the claims. All equivalent structural changes made by using the description and drawings of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention by the same token.

Claims

1. The application of terpenoid compounds in tobacco leaf baking and yellowing, characterized in that: The terpene compound is one or two of α-pinene, β-pinene, 1,8-terpenediene, α-bisabolol, bisabolene and β-elemene.

2. A tobacco fumigation yellowing agent, characterized in that: The yellowing agent comprises a terpenoid compound, a stabilizer, a surfactant and a solvent; the mass percentage of the terpenoid compound in the yellowing agent is 2-7%; the terpenoid compound is one or two of α-pinene, β-pinene, 1,8-terpenadiene, α-bisabolol, bisabolene and β-elemene.

3. The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass percentage of the stabilizer in the yellowing agent is 8-12%; the stabilizer is glycerol and / or ethylene glycol.

4. The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass percentage of the surfactant in the yellowing agent is 3-5%; the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium lauryl sulfonate.

5. The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent according to claim 2, characterized in that: The solvent consists of water and an organic solvent; the mass percentage of the solvent in the yellowing agent is 77-85%.

6. The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the organic solvent to water is 1:(0.4-3.3); the organic solvent is ethanol and / or ether.

7. The tobacco fumigation yellowing agent according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The pH of the yellowing agent is 6.5-7.

5.

8. Use of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 7 in tobacco leaf yellowing by baking.

9. The use of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent according to claim 8 in tobacco leaf yellowing, characterized in that: The yellowing agent is placed at the bottom of the tobacco barn during the tobacco leaf baking period after harvesting.

10. Use of the tobacco fumigation yellowing agent according to claim 8 or 9 in tobacco leaf yellowing by baking, characterized in that: 200 to 400 tobacco leaves use (30-50) g ​​of the yellowing agent.

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