Ship flue gas purification system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ship flue gas purification, and discloses a ship flue gas purification system and method. The system comprises a flue gas introduction device (1), a liquid introduction device (2), a micro-interface oscillation absorber (3) and an optional settling tank (4), the flue gas introducing device (1) comprises a main pipe (11), a branch pipe (12), an induced draft fan (13), an intelligent flue gas regulating valve (14) and an intelligent air regulating valve (15), the main pipe (11) and the branch pipe (12) are respectively connected with the induced draft fan (13), and the induced draft fan (13) is connected with the micro-interface oscillation absorber (3); an intelligent flue gas regulating valve (14) is arranged on the main pipe (11), and an intelligent air regulating valve (15) is arranged on the branch pipe (12); and the liquid introduction device (2) comprises an absorption liquid pump (21) which is connected with the micro-interface oscillation absorber (3). The ship flue gas purification system provided by the invention can effectively solve the problem of unstable ship flue gas purification effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship flue gas purification, and particularly relates to a ship flue gas purification system and method. Background Art

[0002] The flue gas emitted by ships contains SO X , NO X and carbon black, and these substances are one of the main pollution sources in the atmosphere. With the increasing global environmental awareness, many countries have formulated strict emission standards. For example, China issued the General Requirements for Monitoring Ship Atmospheric Pollutant Emissions in 2021 to reduce the pollution of ship exhaust gas to the atmosphere.

[0003] In order to reduce the harm of ship flue gas to the environment, the shipping industry is actively researching and applying ship flue gas removal technologies to achieve the goal of ultra-low emissions. At the same time, the micro-droplet interface oscillation technology, due to its high mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency, fast reaction speed and other characteristics, can effectively improve the reaction rate, and also provides new possibilities for improving the efficiency of ship flue gas treatment.

[0004] However, in the micro-interface oscillation absorber developed by using the micro-droplet interface oscillation technology, the cutting and atomization effect of the absorbent liquid is easily affected by the inlet gas flow rate and inlet gas temperature. When a ship is sailing in a river or on the ocean, the working conditions are complex and changeable, resulting in large fluctuations in the flue gas flow rate. Sometimes the flue gas emitted by the ship is less, making the cutting and atomization effect of the micro-interface oscillation absorber poor, resulting in a relatively poor purification effect of the ship flue gas. Sometimes the flue gas emitted by the ship is more. Although it can ensure the cutting and atomization effect of the micro-interface oscillation absorber, the available operating space on the ship is small, and it is difficult to cool the flue gas when it is more. When the flue gas enters the micro-interface oscillation absorber at a higher temperature, the evaporation loss of the absorbent liquid during the gas-liquid contact process is large, resulting in a reduction in the purification effect of the flue gas.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a ship flue gas purification system and method that can cope with the fluctuation of flue gas flow rate and stabilize the flue gas purification effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the large fluctuation of the flue gas flow rate in the prior art leads to unstable purification effect of the micro-interface oscillation absorber on ship flue gas, and to provide a ship flue gas purification system and method.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, in the first aspect of the present invention, a ship flue gas purification system is provided, wherein the system includes: a flue gas introduction device 1, a liquid introduction device 2, a micro-interface oscillation absorber 3 and an optional sedimentation tank 4; wherein, the flue gas introduction device 1 and the liquid introduction device 2 are respectively connected to the micro-interface oscillation absorber 3, and optionally, the micro-interface oscillation absorber 3 is connected to the sedimentation tank 4;

[0008] Among them, the flue gas introduction device 1 includes a main pipe 11, a branch pipe 12, a draft fan 13, a flue gas intelligent regulating valve 14 and an air intelligent regulating valve 15. The main pipe 11 and the branch pipe 12 are respectively connected to the draft fan 13, and the fan 13 is connected to the micro-interface oscillation absorber 3; the flue gas intelligent regulating valve 14 is arranged on the main pipe 11, and the air intelligent regulating valve 15 is arranged on the branch pipe 12;

[0009] The liquid introduction device 2 includes an absorbent liquid pump 21, and the absorbent liquid pump 21 is connected to the micro-interface oscillation absorber 3.

[0010] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for purifying ship flue gas, wherein the method includes the following steps:

[0011] (1) Contact the ship flue gas raw material gas and the absorbent liquid in the micro-interface oscillation absorber to perform micro-droplet interface oscillation absorption to obtain purified flue gas and impurity-removing liquid;

[0012] Among them, before introducing the ship flue gas raw material gas into the surface oscillation absorber, the flow rate of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship is monitored in real time;

[0013] When the flow rate of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship ≤ 70% of the maximum gas treatment capacity of the micro-interface oscillation absorber, start the air intelligent regulating valve to introduce air into the ship flue gas, and use the ship flue gas and air as the ship flue gas raw material gas; the introduced amount of air makes the flow rate of the ship flue gas raw material gas 70-100% of the maximum gas treatment capacity of the micro-interface oscillation absorber;

[0014] When the flow rate of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship is 70-100% of the maximum gas treatment capacity, close the air intelligent regulating valve, use the ship flue gas as the ship flue gas raw material gas, and correspondingly adjust the concentration of the absorbent and the activator in the absorbent liquid and the mass flow rate of the absorbent liquid according to the monitoring result of the flue gas intelligent regulating valve;

[0015] (2) Optionally, contact the impurity-removing liquid with a flocculant in a sedimentation tank for sedimentation separation to obtain a regenerated absorbent liquid and sediment;

[0016] (3) Optionally, return the regenerated absorbent liquid to the absorbent liquid.

[0017] Through the above technical solutions, the beneficial technical effects obtained by the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The ship flue gas purification system provided in the present invention can introduce air in a timely manner to make up for the shortage of flue gas flow when the flue gas discharged from the ship is small by setting up a flue gas introduction device, so that the air flow entering the micro-interface oscillation absorber can be kept stable, and the absorption liquid in the micro-interface oscillation absorber can be fully cut and atomized, so that the ship flue gas can still be efficiently purified even when the emission amount is small; the purified flue gas discharged can always meet the domestic and international environmental protection standards, can achieve ultra-low emission of flue gas, effectively reduce air pollution, and protect the marine ecosystem and human health;

[0019] 2. The ship flue gas purification system provided in the present invention can effectively solve the problem of the decline in the purification effect of the micro-interface oscillation absorber caused by the too high temperature of the ship flue gas by linking the flue gas intelligent regulating valve and the absorption liquid pump and preferably adjusting the mass flow and concentration composition of the absorption liquid in a timely manner;

[0020] 3. The ship flue gas purification system provided in the present invention can take water locally by setting up a solvent pump, and can adjust the composition of the absorption liquid and the types of additives (absorbents, activators, defoamers, etc.) in a timely manner according to specific conditions, which is both economical and environmentally friendly, and also helps to improve the flexibility of the flue gas purification system;

[0021] 4. The ship flue gas purification system provided in the present invention has simple device operation, compact overall design, convenient maintenance, does not require special equipment and skills, has higher removal efficiency and lower operating cost, is especially suitable for flue gas treatment on ships, can better meet the operating requirements of ships in complex and changeable environments, and will not affect the normal operation and performance of ships. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the ship flue gas purification system provided in the present invention.

[0023] Description of the Reference Numerals

[0024] 1. Flue gas introduction device 2. Liquid introduction device 3. Micro-interface oscillation absorber

[0025] 4. Precipitation tank

[0026] 11. Main pipe 12. Branch pipe 13. Induced draft fan

[0027] 14. Flue gas intelligent regulating valve 15. Air intelligent regulating valve

[0028] 21. Absorption liquid pump 22. Absorption liquid storage tank 23. Solvent pump Detailed Embodiments

[0029] The endpoints and any values within the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the exact ranges or values. These ranges or values should be understood to include values close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values of each range, between the endpoint values of each range and individual point values, and between individual point values can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, and these numerical ranges should be considered to be specifically disclosed herein.

[0030] The maximum gas feed rate, also known as the maximum gas treatment capacity, refers to the maximum amount of gas material that the micro-interface oscillation absorber can handle per unit time. Among them, in the present invention, the cutting and atomization effect of the absorption liquid by the micro-interface oscillation absorber is closely related to the actual gas feed rate. When the actual gas feed rate is 70 - 100% of the maximum gas treatment capacity, the absorption liquid in the micro-interface oscillation absorber can be fully cut and atomized, so that the ship's flue gas can be efficiently purified. When the actual gas feed rate ≤ 70% of the maximum gas treatment capacity of the micro-interface oscillation absorber, the cutting and atomization effect of the absorption liquid in the micro-interface oscillation absorber significantly deteriorates, making it difficult to efficiently purify the ship's flue gas.

[0031] The first aspect of the present invention provides a ship flue gas purification system, wherein the system includes: a flue gas introduction device 1, a liquid introduction device 2, a micro-interface oscillation absorber 3, and an optional sedimentation tank 4; wherein, the flue gas introduction device 1 and the liquid introduction device 2 are respectively connected to the micro-interface oscillation absorber 3, and optionally, the micro-interface oscillation absorber 3 is connected to the sedimentation tank 4;

[0032] Among them, the flue gas introduction device 1 includes a main pipe 11, a branch pipe 12, a draft fan 13, a flue gas intelligent regulating valve 14, and an air intelligent regulating valve 15. The main pipe 11 and the branch pipe 12 are respectively connected to the draft fan 13, and the fan 13 is connected to the micro-interface oscillation absorber 3; the flue gas intelligent regulating valve 14 is arranged on the main pipe 11, and the air intelligent regulating valve 15 is arranged on the branch pipe 12;

[0033] The liquid introduction device 2 includes an absorption liquid pump 21, and the absorption liquid pump 21 is connected to the micro-interface oscillation absorber 3, as Figure 1 shown.

[0034] Among them, in the present invention, the flue gas intelligent regulating valve is used to monitor the flow rate and temperature of the ship's flue gas. When the flow rate of the ship's flue gas ≤ 70% of the maximum gas treatment capacity of the microinterface oscillation absorber, the air intelligent regulating valve is started to introduce air into the induced draft fan to make up for the shortage of the ship's flue gas flow rate, ensuring that the gas feed volume of the microinterface oscillation absorber is 70 - 100% of the maximum gas treatment capacity, so that the absorbent liquid in the microinterface oscillation absorber can be fully cut and atomized, enabling the ship's flue gas to be efficiently purified even when the emission volume is small. When the flow rate of the ship's flue gas is 70 - 100% of the maximum gas treatment capacity of the microinterface oscillation absorber, the air intelligent regulating valve is closed, and the output volume of the absorbent liquid pump and the concentrations of the absorbent and activator in the absorbent liquid are adjusted correspondingly according to the monitoring results of the flue gas intelligent regulating valve, which helps to solve the problem of the decline in the ship's flue gas purification efficiency caused by the too high temperature of the ship's flue gas.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the branch pipe 12 is arranged on the main pipe 11 and is connected to the induced draft fan 13 through the main pipe 11.

[0036] Among them, in the present invention, the main pipe is used for introducing the ship's flue gas, and the branch pipe is used for introducing air. By arranging the branch pipe on the main pipe and sharing a section of pipeline between the main pipe and the branch pipe, the number of inlet settings of the induced draft fan can be reduced, and the volume of the flue gas purification system can be further reduced.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flue gas intelligent regulating valve 14 is used to measure the flow rate and temperature of the flue gas, and the air intelligent regulating valve 15 is used to regulate the flow rate of air.

[0038] Among them, the present invention does not make special limitations on the flue gas intelligent regulating valve and the air intelligent regulating valve. Any valve that can achieve the above functions can be used in the present invention. For example, American Standard pneumatic flange ball valve (BSQ641) and feedback pneumatic regulating valve (American VTON).

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid introduction device 2 further includes an absorbent liquid storage tank 22; among them, the absorbent liquid storage tank 22 is connected to the absorbent liquid pump 21.

[0040] Among them, in the present invention, the absorbent liquid storage tank can not only be used for preparing and storing the absorbent liquid, but also for recycling and regenerating the absorbent liquid. The absorbent liquid pump can introduce the absorbent liquid and / or the regenerated absorbent liquid in the absorbent liquid storage tank into the microinterface oscillation absorber through the water inlet of the microinterface oscillation absorber.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid introduction device 2 further includes a solvent pump 23; among them, the solvent pump 23 is connected to the absorbent liquid storage tank 21.

[0042] Among them, in the present invention, the solvent pump can be placed in the waters where the ship actually sails, such as rivers, lakes, and seas, so as to achieve on-site water intake, and then be mixed with additives such as the activator and absorbent carried by the ship to prepare the absorbent solution. Such a setting can significantly improve the flexibility of the flue gas purification system.

[0043] Among them, in the present invention, the ship flue gas and the absorbent solution come into contact in the micro-interface oscillating absorber, and SO X and NO X can enter the absorbent solution from the ship flue gas by reacting chemically with the absorbent in the absorbent solution, and carbon black can be removed from the ship flue gas under the action of the activator in the absorbent solution. After the ship flue gas is purified in the micro-interface oscillating absorber, the purified flue gas formed can be directly discharged into the atmosphere from the top of the micro-interface oscillating absorber. The absorbent solution absorbs SO X and NO X and carbon black in the micro-interface oscillating absorber and then forms a impurity-removing solution and is discharged from the bottom of the micro-interface oscillating absorber.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the precipitation tank 4 is selected from wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, preferably one or more of 304, 316L, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0045] Among them, in the present invention, the precipitation tank is used to separate the impurity-removing solution and remove solid impurities to recover and regenerate the absorbent solution. Selecting wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials can prevent chemical corrosion when the precipitation tank comes into contact with the impurity-removing solution.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the precipitation tank 4 is also connected to the liquid introduction device 2, and more preferably connected to the absorbent solution storage tank 22.

[0047] Among them, in the present invention, the impurity-removing solution contacts with the flocculant in the precipitation tank. Under the action of the flocculant, particulate matters such as carbon black in the impurity-removing solution can be removed to obtain the regenerated absorbent solution and sediment. Since the concentrations of the absorbent and activator in the absorbent solution are much higher than the pollutant concentrations in the ship flue gas, the regenerated absorbent solution still has a high absorption state and can be returned to the micro-interface oscillating absorber for recycling. This can not only save resources but also reduce wastewater discharge, meeting the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a control valve is provided at the liquid phase outlet of the sedimentation tank 4.

[0049] Among them, in the present invention, by setting the control valve, the sediment can be conveniently discharged, avoiding the loss of the supernatant (i.e., the regenerated absorbent solution) in the sedimentation tank.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system adopts a modular design, which is convenient for disassembly and replacement, reducing the maintenance cost. Moreover, it has a small volume and is especially suitable for the limited space of ships.

[0051] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for purifying ship flue gas, wherein the method is carried out in the system described in the first aspect of the present invention and includes the following steps:

[0052] (1) Contact the ship flue gas raw gas and the absorbent liquid in the micro-interface oscillation absorber to carry out micro-droplet interface oscillation absorption, obtaining purified flue gas and impurity-removing liquid;

[0053] Among them, before introducing the ship flue gas raw gas into the surface oscillation absorber, the flow rate of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship is monitored in real time;

[0054] When the flow rate of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship ≤ 70% of the maximum gas treatment capacity of the micro-interface oscillation absorber, start the air intelligent regulating valve to introduce air into the ship flue gas, and use the ship flue gas and air as the ship flue gas raw gas; the introduced amount of air makes the flow rate of the ship flue gas raw gas 70 - 100% of the maximum gas treatment capacity of the micro-interface oscillation absorber;

[0055] When the flow rate of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship is 70 - 100% of the maximum gas treatment capacity, close the air intelligent regulating valve, use the ship flue gas as the ship flue gas raw gas, and correspondingly adjust the concentration of the absorbent and the activator in the absorbent liquid and the mass flow rate of the absorbent liquid according to the monitoring results of the flue gas intelligent regulating valve;

[0056] (2) Optionally, contact the impurity-removing liquid with the flocculant in the sedimentation tank for sedimentation separation to obtain regenerated absorbent liquid and sediment;

[0057] (3) Optionally, return the regenerated absorbent liquid to the absorbent liquid.

[0058] In step (1):

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the absorbent liquid includes an absorbent, an activator, and a solvent; among them, the absorbent is used to absorb SO X and NO X in the flue gas, and the activator is used to remove carbon black.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the absorbent is selected from oxidizing absorbents, more preferably selected from one or more of NaClO, NaClO 2 , KMnO 4 , H 2 O 2 , and more preferably NaClO.

[0061] Among them, in the present invention, an oxidizing absorbent is selected, which can avoid the consumption of the absorbent by carbon dioxide in the flue gas, thereby further improving the removal effect of the absorbent solution on SO X and NO X .

[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the activator is selected from one or more of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether, and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and is preferably lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether.

[0063] Among them, in the present invention, the activator can increase the wettability of carbon black, reduce the surface tension and viscosity of the absorbent solution, make the absorbent solution easier to break and atomize, improve the gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient and reaction rate, and thus improve the removal efficiency of carbon black.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solvent is selected from one or more of river water, lake water, and sea water.

[0065] Among them, in the present invention, using the water in the water area where the ship sails as the solvent can achieve on-site water intake, and can adjust the type and dosage of the absorbent and activator in the absorbent solution in a timely manner according to specific conditions, which helps to improve the flexibility of the flue gas purification system.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outlet temperature of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship is 100 - 400 °C, preferably 100 - 300 °C.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the flow rate of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship ≤ 70% of the maximum gas treatment capacity of the microinterface oscillation absorber, the concentration of the absorbent is 5 - 15 wt%, preferably 8 - 12 wt%; the concentration of the activator is 0.1 - 0.5 wt%, preferably 0.2 - 0.3 wt%; the ratio of the volume flow rate of the ship flue gas raw material gas to the mass flow rate of the absorbent solution is 1 Nm 3 / h: 0.1 - 1.2 Kg / h, preferably 1 Nm 3 / h: 0.3 - 0.7 Kg / h.

[0068] Among them, in the present invention, the introduction of air can, although, reduce the temperature of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship, achieve low-temperature feeding of the microinterface oscillation absorber and can make up for the deficiency of the small emission amount of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship, so that the absorbent solution in the microinterface oscillation absorber can be fully cut and atomized; however, air will dilute the components to be removed in the ship flue gas (SO X , NO Xand carbon black), resulting in a decrease in the gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient and a decline in the removal efficiency of the components to be removed. Through research, the inventors of the present invention found that after introducing air, by promptly adjusting the concentrations of the absorbent and the activator in the absorbent solution and limiting the volume flow rate of the ship flue gas raw gas and the mass flow rate of the absorbent solution within a certain range, the drawbacks brought by air can be eliminated, and the removal effect of the microinterface oscillation absorber on SO X , NO X and carbon black in ship flue gas can be further improved when the emission volume of ship flue gas is small.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the flow rate of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship is 70-100% of the maximum gas treatment capacity, the mass flow rate (Q L ) of the absorbent solution has the relationship shown in Equation 1 with the outlet temperature (T 气 ) of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship, the volume flow rate (Q 气 ) of the ship flue gas raw gas, the concentration (C 1 ) of the absorbent in the absorbent solution, and the concentration (C 2 ) of the activator in the absorbent solution: Q L =Q 气 ×K×[1+(T 气 -60 °C)×2×10 -3 / °C]+m×Q 气 (T 气 -30 °C)×C 1 ×C 2 Equation 1;

[0070] wherein, the unit of Q L is kg / h, the unit of Q 气 is Nm 3 / h, K is the correction coefficient of the ratio of the absorbent solution with unit flow rate to the ship flue gas raw gas with unit flow rate, and its value is 0.45-0.55, and the unit is kg / Nm 3 ; the unit of T 气 is °C, m is the compensation coefficient of the evaporation of the absorbent solution, and the unit is kg / Nm 3 *°C, and the value range is 0.09-0.11; C 1 is 5-15 wt%, and C 2 is 0.2-0.5 wt%.

[0071] Among them, in the present invention, the inventors have found through research that when dealing with the problem of too high feed temperature of the ship flue gas raw gas by simply increasing the mass flow rate of the absorption liquid, the evaporation loss of the absorption liquid is large during the gas-liquid contact process between the ship flue gas raw gas and the absorption liquid, which easily leads to a decline in the purification effect. According to the outlet temperature of the ship flue gas discharged from the ship, the volume flow rate of the ship flue gas raw gas, as well as the concentration of the absorbent and the activator in the absorption liquid, adjusting the mass flow rate of the absorption liquid according to the relationship shown in Equation 1 can effectively solve the problem of too high feed temperature of the ship flue gas raw gas, thereby improving the removal effect of the micro interface oscillation absorber on SO X , NO X and carbon black.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the K is 0.49 - 0.51, and the unit is kg / Nm 3 ; the m is 0.095 - 0.105.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the content of SO X in the purified flue gas ≤ 550 ppm, the content of NO X ≤ 350 ppm, and the content of carbon black ≤ 500 mg / m 3 .

[0074] Among them, the purification method of ship flue gas provided in the present invention has a good removal effect on SO X , NO X and carbon black. The removal rate of SO X is above 96%, the removal rate of NO X is above 95%, and the removal rate of carbon black is above 93%.

[0075] In step (2):

[0076] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the impurity removal liquid to the flocculant is 100:0.2 - 0.8, preferably 100:0.3 - 0.5.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flocculant is selected from polyaluminum chloride and / or polyacrylamide. Among them, in the present invention, by adding a flocculant, the separation of carbon black can be promoted.

[0078] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operating conditions for the precipitation separation include: stirring and then standing at room temperature for 10 - 60 min, and then performing solid-liquid separation.

[0079] In step (3):

[0080] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, all of the regenerated absorbent liquid is added to the absorbent liquid, and the amount of the absorbent liquid is correspondingly reduced so that the mass of the mixed liquid of the regenerated absorbent liquid and the absorbent liquid is the same as the mass when only the absorbent liquid is used.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method is carried out in the ship flue gas purification system described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0082] The present invention will be described in detail below through examples. Among them, the examples are carried out in the Figure 1 ship flue gas purification system shown. The model of the microinterface oscillation absorber is XP-200, and the maximum gas treatment capacity is 3000 Nm 3 / h.

[0083] Example 1

[0084] (1) The flue gas intelligent regulating valve monitors the flow rate and temperature of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship in real time. When the ship is traveling at a low speed when entering the port, the emission of the ship flue gas is 500 Nm 3 / h, and the outlet temperature is 180 °C; the air intelligent regulating valve is opened to introduce air into the ship flue gas. After the air and the ship flue gas are mixed, a ship flue gas raw gas is formed. The temperature of the ship flue gas raw gas is 70 °C and it is introduced into the microinterface oscillation absorber through a induced draft fan at a flow rate of 3000 Nm 3 / h;

[0085] Start the solvent pump, pump seawater into the absorbent liquid storage tank, add an absorbent (NaClO) and an activator (lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether) to the absorbent liquid storage tank to obtain an absorbent liquid with an absorbent content of 10 wt% and an activator content of 0.2 wt%; pump the absorbent liquid into the microinterface oscillation absorber through an absorbent liquid pump at a flow rate of 1500 Kg / h; wherein, the ratio K of the flow rate of the ship flue gas raw gas to the flow rate of the absorbent liquid is 1 Nm 3 / h: 0.5 kg / h;

[0086] The ship flue gas raw gas and the absorbent liquid are in full contact in the microinterface oscillation absorber to carry out micro-droplet interface oscillation, and a purified flue gas and a liquid for removing impurities are obtained; wherein, the purified flue gas is directly discharged into the air from the top of the microinterface oscillation absorber, and the liquid for removing impurities is discharged from the bottom of the microinterface oscillation absorber into the sedimentation tank;

[0087] (2) The liquid for removing impurities and a flocculant (polyaluminium chloride) are added to the sedimentation tank according to a mass ratio of 100:0.3. After stirring and standing at room temperature for 30 min, the control valve at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is opened to discharge the lower layer of sediment, and the upper layer of clear liquid, that is, the regenerated absorbent liquid, is obtained;

[0088] (3) Return all of the above regenerated absorption liquid to the absorption liquid in step (1) for recycling.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] (1) The flue gas intelligent regulating valve monitors the flow rate and temperature of the ship's flue gas emitted by the ship in real time. When the ship is traveling at high speed in the high seas, the emission quantity Q of the ship's flue gas 气 is 2500 Nm 3 / h, and the outlet temperature T 气 is 350 °C; close the air intelligent regulating valve, use the ship's flue gas as the raw material gas of the ship's flue gas, and introduce it into the micro-interface oscillation absorber through the induced draft fan at a flow rate of 2500 Nm 3 / h;

[0091] Start the solvent pump, pump seawater into the absorption liquid storage tank, add absorbent (NaClO) and activator (lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether) to the absorption liquid storage tank to obtain an absorption liquid with an absorbent content C 1 of 12 wt%, and an activator content C 2 of 0.5 wt%; according to the monitoring results of the flue gas intelligent regulating valve and the concentrations of the absorbent and activator in the absorption liquid, adjust the feed rate of the absorption liquid pump to 2000 Kg / h according to the following formula;

[0092] Q L = Q 气 × K × [1 + (T 气 - 60 °C) × 2 × 10 -3 + m × Q 气 (T 气 - 30 °C) × C 1 ×

[0093] C 2 ; where K is 0.5 kg / Nm 3 , and m is 0.1 kg / Nm 3 *°C; pump the absorption liquid into the micro-interface oscillation absorber through the absorption liquid pump at a flow rate of 2023 kg / h;

[0094] The raw material gas of the ship's flue gas and the absorption liquid are in full contact in the micro-interface oscillation absorber to perform micro-droplet interface oscillation, obtaining purified flue gas and impurity-removing liquid; among them, the purified flue gas is directly discharged into the air from the top of the micro-interface oscillation absorber, and the impurity-removing liquid is discharged from the bottom of the micro-interface oscillation absorber into the sedimentation tank;

[0095] (2) Add the impurity-removing liquid and the flocculant (polyaluminum chloride) to the sedimentation tank at a mass ratio of 100:0.3, and perform sedimentation separation under normal temperature and pressure conditions to obtain supernatant absorption liquid and sediment;

[0096] (3) Return all of the above-mentioned regenerated absorption liquid to the absorption liquid in step (1).

[0097] Example 3

[0098] (1) The flue gas intelligent regulating valve monitors the flow rate and temperature of the ship's flue gas emitted by the ship in real time. When the ship is traveling at high speed in the high seas, the emission quantity Q of the ship's flue gas 气 is 3000 Nm 3 / h, and the outlet temperature T 气 is 300 °C; close the air intelligent regulating valve, use the ship's flue gas as the raw material gas of the ship's flue gas, and introduce it into the micro-interface oscillation absorber through the induced draft fan at a flow rate of 3000 Nm 3 / h;

[0099] Start the solvent pump, pump seawater into the absorption liquid storage tank, add absorbent (NaClO) and activator (lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether) to the absorption liquid storage tank to obtain an absorption liquid with an absorbent content C 1 of 12 wt%, and an activator content C 2 of 0.5 wt%; according to the monitoring results of the flue gas intelligent regulating valve and the concentrations of the absorbent and activator in the absorption liquid, adjust the feed rate of the absorption liquid pump to 2268 Kg / h according to the following formula;

[0100] Q L = Q 气 × K × [1 + (T 气 - 60 °C) × 2 × 10 -3 + m × Q 气 (T 气 - 30 °C) × C 1 ×

[0101] C 2 ; where K is 0.5 kg / Nm 3 , and m is 0.1 kg / Nm 3 *°C; pump the absorption liquid into the micro-interface oscillation absorber through the absorption liquid pump at a flow rate of 2268 kg / h;

[0102] The raw material gas of the ship's flue gas and the absorption liquid are in full contact in the micro-interface oscillation absorber to perform micro-droplet interface oscillation, obtaining purified flue gas and impurity-removing liquid; among them, the purified flue gas is directly discharged into the air from the top of the micro-interface oscillation absorber, and the impurity-removing liquid is discharged from the bottom of the micro-interface oscillation absorber into the sedimentation tank;

[0103] (2) Add the impurity-removing liquid and the flocculant (polyaluminium chloride) to the sedimentation tank according to a mass ratio of 100:0.3, and perform sedimentation separation under normal temperature and pressure conditions to obtain supernatant absorption liquid and sediment;

[0104] (3) Return all of the above regenerated absorption liquid to the absorption liquid in step (1).

[0105] Example 4

[0106] (1) The flue gas intelligent regulating valve monitors the flow rate and temperature of the ship's flue gas emitted by the ship in real time. When the ship is traveling at high speed on the high seas, the emission quantity Q of the ship's flue gas 气 is 2200 Nm 3 / h, and the outlet temperature T 气 is 280 °C; close the air intelligent regulating valve, use the ship's flue gas as the raw material gas of the ship's flue gas, and introduce it into the microinterface oscillation absorber through the induced draft fan at a flow rate of 2200 Nm 3 / h;

[0107] Start the solvent pump, pump seawater into the absorption liquid storage tank, add absorbent (NaClO) and activator (lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether) to the absorption liquid storage tank to obtain an absorption liquid with an absorbent content C 1 of 11 wt%, and an activator content C 2 of 0.4 wt%; according to the monitoring results of the flue gas intelligent regulating valve and the concentrations of the absorbent and activator in the absorption liquid, adjust the feed rate of the absorption liquid pump to 1608 kg / h according to the following formula;

[0108] Q L = Q 气 × K × [1 + (T 气 - 60 °C) × 2 × 10 -3 + m × Q 气 (T 气 - 30 °C) × C 1 ×

[0109] C 2 ; where K is 0.5 kg / Nm 3 , and m is 0.1 kg / Nm 3 *°C; pump the absorption liquid into the microinterface oscillation absorber through the absorption liquid pump at a flow rate of 1608 kg / h;

[0110] The raw material gas of the ship's flue gas and the absorption liquid are in full contact in the microinterface oscillation absorber, and micro-droplet interface oscillation occurs to obtain purified flue gas and impurity-removing liquid; among them, the purified flue gas is directly discharged into the air from the top of the microinterface oscillation absorber, and the impurity-removing liquid is discharged into the sedimentation tank from the bottom of the microinterface oscillation absorber;

[0111] (2) Add the impurity-removing liquid and the flocculant (polyaluminum chloride) to the sedimentation tank according to a mass ratio of 100:0.3, and carry out sedimentation separation under normal temperature and pressure conditions to obtain supernatant absorption liquid and sediment;

[0112] (3) Return all of the above regenerated absorption liquid to the absorption liquid in step (1).

[0113] Comparative Example 1

[0114] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that air is not introduced.

[0115] (1) The flue gas intelligent regulating valve monitors the flow rate and temperature of the ship's flue gas emitted by the ship in real time. When the ship is traveling at low speed entering the port, the emission of the ship's flue gas is 500 Nm 3 / h, and the outlet temperature is 170 °C; the ship's flue gas is used as the raw material gas of the ship's flue gas and introduced into the micro-interface oscillation absorber through a induced draft fan at a flow rate of 500 Nm 3 / h;

[0116] Start the solvent pump, pump seawater into the absorption liquid storage tank, add absorbent (NaClO) and activator (lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether) to the absorption liquid storage tank to obtain an absorption liquid with an absorbent content of 10 wt% and an activator content of 0.2 wt%; pump the absorption liquid into the micro-interface oscillation absorber through the absorption liquid pump at a flow rate of 1500 kg / h. Among them, the ratio of the flow rate of the ship's flue gas raw material gas to the flow rate of the absorption liquid is 1 Nm 3 / h: 0.5 kg / h;

[0117] The ship's flue gas raw material gas and the absorption liquid are in full contact in the micro-interface oscillation absorber to carry out micro-droplet interface oscillation, obtaining purified flue gas and impurity-removing liquid; among them, the purified flue gas is directly discharged into the air from the top of the micro-interface oscillation absorber, and the impurity-removing liquid is discharged from the bottom of the micro-interface oscillation absorber into the sedimentation tank;

[0118] (2) Add the impurity-removing liquid and the flocculant (polyaluminium chloride) to the sedimentation tank at a mass ratio of 100:0.3, stir and then let it stand at room temperature for 30 min, then open the control valve at the bottom of the sedimentation tank to discharge the lower layer of sediment, obtaining the upper layer of clear liquid, that is, the regenerated absorption liquid;

[0119] (3) Return all of the above regenerated absorption liquid to the absorption liquid in step (1) for recycling.

[0120] Comparative Example 2

[0121] Compared with Example 2, the difference is that the mass flow rate (Q L ) of the absorption liquid does not satisfy the relationship shown in Equation 1, and the absorption liquid is pumped into the micro-interface oscillation absorber through the absorption liquid pump at a flow rate of 1500 Kg / h.

[0122] Test Example 1

[0123] According to the "GB 15097-2016 Standard", the ship flue gas discharged in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2, as well as the content of SO X and NO X and carbon black in the purified flue gas were measured, and the removal rates of each were calculated. The calculation results are shown in Table 1:

[0124] Table 1

[0125]

[0126] By comparing Examples 1-4, it can be seen that by using the method in the present invention, the problem of unstable purification effect of the microinterface oscillation absorber on ship flue gas caused by large fluctuations in flue gas flow can be effectively solved, so that the ship flue gas can always be effectively purified.

[0127] By comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, when the flow rate of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship ≤ 70% of the maximum gas treatment capacity of the microinterface oscillation absorber, by using the method in the present invention, introducing air and timely adjusting the concentrations of the absorbent and activator in the absorbent liquid, as well as the volume flow rate of the ship flue gas raw gas and the mass flow rate of the absorbent liquid, the removal effects of SO X and NO X and carbon black of the microinterface oscillation absorber when the ship flue gas emission is small can be significantly improved.

[0128] By comparing Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, when the flow rate of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship is 70-100% of the maximum gas treatment capacity, by using the method in the present invention, according to the outlet temperature of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship, the volume flow rate of the ship flue gas raw gas, as well as the concentrations of the absorbent and activator in the absorbent liquid, the mass flow rate of the absorbent liquid is correspondingly adjusted according to the relationship shown in Equation 1, the problem of too high feed temperature of the ship flue gas raw gas can be effectively solved, thereby greatly improving the removal effects of SO X and NO X and carbon black of the microinterface oscillation absorber when the ship flue gas emission is large.

[0129] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including any other suitable combination of each technical feature. These simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship flue gas purification system, characterized in that: The system comprises: a smoke introduction device (1), a liquid introduction device (2), a micro-interface oscillation absorber (3) and an optional precipitation tank (4); wherein the smoke introduction device (1) and the liquid introduction device (2) are respectively connected to the micro-interface oscillation absorber (3), and optionally, the micro-interface oscillation absorber (3) is connected to the precipitation tank (4); The smoke introduction device (1) comprises a main pipe (11), a branch pipe (12), an induced draft fan (13), a smoke intelligent regulating valve (14) and an air intelligent regulating valve (15); the main pipe (11) and the branch pipe (12) are respectively connected to the induced draft fan (13); the fan (13) is connected to the micro-interface oscillation absorber (3); the smoke intelligent regulating valve (14) is arranged on the main pipe (11), and the air intelligent regulating valve (15) is arranged on the branch pipe (12); Wherein, the liquid introduction device (2) comprises an absorption liquid pump (21), and the absorption liquid pump (21) is connected to the micro-interface oscillation absorber (3).

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The branch pipe (12) is arranged on the main pipe (11) and is connected to the induced draft fan (13) via the main pipe (11).

3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The smoke intelligent regulating valve (14) is used to measure the flow rate and temperature of the smoke, and the air intelligent regulating valve (15) is used to regulate the flow rate of the air.

4. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The liquid introduction device (2) further comprises an absorption liquid storage tank (22) and a solvent pump (23); The absorption liquid storage tank (22) is connected to the absorption liquid pump (21), and the solvent pump (23) is connected to the absorption liquid storage tank (21).

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein: The precipitation tank (4) is also connected to the liquid introduction device (2), and is further preferably connected to the absorption liquid storage tank (22).

6. A method for purifying ship smoke, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) contacting the ship flue gas raw gas and the absorption liquid in a micro-interface oscillation absorber to perform micro-droplet interface oscillation absorption to obtain purified flue gas and impurity removal liquid; Wherein, before the ship flue gas raw material gas is introduced into the surface oscillation absorber, the flow rate of the ship flue gas discharged by the ship is monitored in real time; When the flow rate of ship flue gas discharged by the ship is ≤ 70% of the maximum gas processing capacity of the micro-interface oscillation absorber, the air intelligent regulating valve is started to introduce air into the ship flue gas, and the ship flue gas and air are used as the ship flue gas raw gas; the amount of air introduced makes the flow rate of the ship flue gas raw gas be 70-100% of the maximum gas processing capacity of the micro-interface oscillation absorber; When the flow rate of ship flue gas discharged by the ship is 70-100% of the maximum gas treatment capacity, the air intelligent regulating valve is closed, and the ship flue gas is used as the ship flue gas raw gas. The concentrations of the absorbent and the activator in the absorption liquid and the mass flow rate of the absorption liquid are adjusted accordingly according to the monitoring results of the flue gas intelligent regulating valve; (2) Optionally, contacting the impurity-removing liquid with a flocculant to perform precipitation separation to obtain a regenerated absorption liquid and a sludge; (3) Optionally, the regenerated absorption liquid is added back into the absorption liquid.

7. The purification method according to claim 6, wherein: The absorption liquid includes an absorbent, an activator and a solvent; wherein the absorbent is used to absorb SO in the flue gas. X and NO X , the activator is used to remove carbon black; Preferably, the absorbent is selected from one or more of NaClO, NaClO2, KMnO4, and H2O2; Preferably, the activator is selected from one or more of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and silicone surfactant; Preferably, the outlet temperature of the ship smoke discharged from the ship is 100-400°C, preferably 100-300°C.

8. The purification method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: When the flow rate of ship smoke discharged by the ship is ≤70% of the rated gas handling capacity of the micro-interface oscillation absorber, In the absorption liquid, the concentration of the absorbent is 5-15wt%, preferably 8-12wt%; the concentration of the activator is 0.1-0.5wt%, preferably 0.2-0.3wt%; The ratio of the volume flow rate of the ship flue gas raw gas to the mass flow rate of the absorption liquid is 1Nm 3 / h: 0.1-1.2kg / h, preferably 1Nm 3 / h: 0.3-0.7kg / h.

9. The purification method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein: When the flow rate of ship smoke discharged from the ship is 70-100% of the maximum gas treatment capacity, the mass flow rate of the absorption liquid (Q L ) and the outlet temperature of the ship's smoke (T 气 ), the volume flow rate of ship flue gas raw gas (Q 气 ), the concentration of the absorbent in the absorption liquid (C1), and the concentration of the activator in the absorption liquid (C2) have a relationship as shown in Formula 1: Q L =Q 气 ×K×[1+(T 气 -60℃)×2×10 -5 / ℃]+m×Q 气 (T 气 -30℃)×C1 ×C2 formula 1; Among them, Q L The unit is kg / h, Q 气 The unit is Nm 3 / h, K is the correction coefficient of the ratio of the unit flow rate of the absorption liquid to the unit flow rate of the ship's flue gas raw gas, the value is 0.45-0.55, the unit is kg / Nm 3 ; T 气 The unit is ℃, m is the compensation coefficient of the evaporation of the absorption liquid, the unit is kg / Nm 3 *℃, the value range is 0.09-0.11; C1 is 5-15wt%, C2 is 0.2-0.5wt%.

10. The purification method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein: The mass ratio of the impurity removal liquid to the flocculant is 100:0.2-0.8, preferably 100:0.3-0.5; Preferably, the flocculant is selected from polyaluminium chloride and / or polyacrylamide; Preferably, the operating conditions of the precipitation separation include: stirring, standing at room temperature for 10-60 minutes, and then performing solid-liquid separation.

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