Flotation machine for separating gypsum components in electrolytic manganese residues

Abstract

The invention discloses a flotation machine for separating gypsum components in electrolytic manganese residues. A flotation device in the flotation machine comprises a barrel, an air inlet pipe, a feeding pipe, a fixed disc, fixed blades, a rotating disc and rotating blades. The power device comprises a driving motor, a bearing seat and a driving shaft; the top of the flotation bin is fixedly connected with a mounting frame, the bearing seat is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, the driving shaft is rotationally and hermetically connected with the bearing seat, and the driving motor is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the flotation bin and used for driving the driving shaft to rotate. The cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the bearing seat, the air inlet pipe is connected to the cylinder, the feeding pipe is connected with the cylinder, the fixed disc is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder, the rotating disc is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating disc, the rotating blades are evenly arranged on the rotating disc at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the fixed blades are evenly arranged on the outer sides of the rotating blades at intervals and fixedly connected with the fixed disc. And the design of the rotating blades and the fixed blades improves the uniformity degree of mixing of ore pulp and air, full contact and attachment of minerals and bubbles are facilitated, and the gypsum flotation effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of flotation machines, in particular to a flotation machine used for separating gypsum components from electrolytic manganese slag. Background Art

[0002] Flotation technology is an important mineral separation method, which is widely used in the separation process of non-metallic minerals and metallic minerals. The basic principle of flotation is to introduce bubbles into the slurry, and use the difference in hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity on the surface of mineral particles to make the target minerals attach to the bubbles and float to the liquid surface, thereby achieving the separation of minerals and impurities. Due to the advantages of strong selectivity, high separation efficiency, and good adaptability to slurry particle size and concentration, flotation has become the preferred method for separation and purification of many mineral resources.

[0003] Electrolytic manganese slag often contains a large amount of gypsum (calcium sulfate), which is a non-metallic mineral with weak surface hydrophobicity, making it difficult to separate from other minerals such as manganese by simple physical methods. Flotation machines can utilize the physical properties of gypsum, introduce appropriate bubbles and adjust flotation reagents to make gypsum particles more easily attached to bubbles, thereby achieving separation from other components. Although flotation has been widely used in the separation of sulfide ores and certain non-metallic ores, there are still many problems with traditional flotation machines when dealing with gypsum components in electrolytic manganese slag. Most flotation machines are designed mainly for metallic minerals and non-metallic minerals with strong hydrophobicity. For minerals with strong hydrophilicity such as gypsum, the separation efficiency of existing equipment is low. In addition, the particle sizes of particles in electrolytic manganese slag are diverse, which also puts higher requirements on the adaptability and separation effect of flotation machines.

[0004] A patent with the authorization announcement number CN222306072U discloses a composite chute for a flotation machine, wherein an embedded chute is arranged inside the main chute, and the embedded chute is used to screen the foam produced by the flotation machine, and the embedded chute is fixedly connected to the main chute through a hanging rod. This design can sort the foam produced by the flotation machine by quality, and realize the efficient separation and diversion transportation of different products in the flotation unit. This design is mainly aimed at metal minerals and non-metallic minerals with strong hydrophobicity. For minerals with strong hydrophilicity such as gypsum, there will be a problem of low separation efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a flotation machine for separating gypsum components from electrolytic manganese slag to solve the following technical problems raised in the background technology:

[0006] The particle sizes of particles in electrolytic manganese slag are diverse. For highly hydrophilic minerals such as gypsum, the separation efficiency of existing equipment is low.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A flotation machine for separating gypsum components from electrolytic manganese slag, comprising a flotation bin, a scraping component, a flotation structure and a liquid level adjusting device; there are at least two flotation bins, and a feed trough and a discharge trough are respectively arranged on the two flotation bins on both sides; the liquid level adjusting device is arranged between two adjacent flotation bins and is used to connect the two flotation bins; the scraping component is arranged at the top of the front side of the flotation bin, and the scraping component is used to scrape the floating foam; the flotation structure includes a flotation device and a power device, wherein the flotation device includes a cylinder body, an air inlet pipe, a feed pipe, a fixed disk, fixed blades, a rotating disk and rotating blades; the power device includes a driving motor, a bearing seat and a driving shaft; an installation frame is fixedly connected to the top of the flotation bin, the bearing seat is fixedly connected to the installation frame, the driving shaft is rotationally and hermetically connected to the bearing seat, and the driving motor is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the flotation bin and is used to drive the driving shaft to rotate; the cylinder body is fixedly connected to the top of the bearing seat, the air inlet pipe is connected to the cylinder body, the feed pipe is connected to the cylinder body, the fixed disk is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder body, the rotating disk is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotation, the rotating blades are evenly arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on the rotating disk, and the fixed blades are evenly arranged at intervals outside the rotating blades and are fixedly connected to the fixed disk.

[0009] Further, the scraping component includes a scraping motor, a speed reducer, a scraping rotating shaft, a transmission wheel and a scraper; wherein, the scraping motor is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the flotation bin, the speed reducer is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the flotation bin, the output shaft of the scraping motor is connected to the speed reducer, the scraping rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the front side of the flotation bin, the scraper is fixedly connected to the scraping rotating shaft, the transmission wheel is fixedly connected to one side of the scraping rotating shaft, and the output end of the speed reducer is connected to the transmission wheel through a belt.

[0010] Further, the liquid level adjusting device includes a wave-proof box, an adjusting plate, an adjusting screw and a mounting plate; the wave-proof box is fixedly connected to the flotation bin, the adjusting plate is slidably connected to the wave-proof box, and a through port is formed between the adjusting plate and the bottom of the wave-proof box; the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, and the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the mounting plate and rotatably connected to the adjusting plate.

[0011] Further, a circulation port is arranged on one side of the cylinder body.

[0012] Further, the feed pipe includes a main feed pipe and an auxiliary feed pipe, the main feed pipe and the auxiliary feed pipe are respectively connected to the cylinder body, and at the same time, the main feed pipe is connected to the feed trough or the liquid level adjusting device; one end of the auxiliary feed pipe extends out of the flotation bin and is connected with a valve.

[0013] Further, a driving wheel is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, a driven wheel is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the driving shaft, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected by a belt.

[0014] Further, a plurality of air outlet holes are arranged on the fixed disk.

[0015] Further, wear-resistant layers are arranged on the outer sides of the rotating blades and the fixed blades.

[0016] Further, the stationary vane adopts a front-inclined vane.

[0017] Further, the stationary vane is of an arc structure.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] In the present invention, at least two flotation tanks are provided, with a feed tank and a discharge tank respectively configured on both sides and connected through a liquid level regulating device, so that the entire flotation process can be carried out in sequence and in stages, facilitating the treatment and flow of the pulp and forming an orderly operation process. Starting the drive motor drives the drive shaft, the rotating disk and the rotating blades to rotate. The rotating blades can throw the pulp around, forming a negative pressure area inside the cylinder, thereby realizing the functions of air suction and material suction, ensuring that air and pulp can smoothly enter the flotation tank to participate in the subsequent flotation work. The stationary vane can guide the pulp thrown out by the rotating blades, preventing the pulp from continuously moving in a circular motion, allowing the pulp to quickly spread out after leaving, making the flow of the pulp in the flotation tank more stable and orderly, and creating good fluid conditions for the subsequent flotation. The stationary vane can also guide the thrown pulp-air flow, enabling the mixture of pulp and air to be evenly distributed to various parts of the flotation tank according to a specific direction and path, improving the evenness of the mixture of pulp and air, facilitating the full contact and attachment of minerals and bubbles, and enhancing the gypsum flotation effect. When the rotating blades rotate to form negative pressure suction, the stationary vane helps to further reduce the pressure near the bottom of the rotating disk by changing the flow direction and speed of the pulp, realizing an increase in the air suction volume while making the air suction more stable and uniform, ensuring sufficient air participation in the flotation process, and improving the bubble generation and mineralization effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the flotation machine of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure and partial cross-section of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is one of the schematic diagrams of the flotation structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is another schematic diagram of the flotation structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is yet another schematic diagram of the flotation structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the liquid level regulating device of the present invention.

[0026] Markings in the figure: 1 - Flotation tank, 2 - Scraping motor, 3 - Reducer, 4 - Flotation structure, 5 - Mounting frame, 6 - Discharge chute, 7 - Liquid level adjustment device, 8 - Scraping rotating shaft, 9 - Scraper, 10 - Driving wheel, 11 - Feed chute, 12 - Bearing block, 13 - Driven wheel, 14 - Driving belt, 15 - Driving pulley, 16 - Driving motor, 17 - Driving shaft, 18 - Cylinder, 19 - Circulation port, 20 - Main feed pipe, 21 - Rotating blade, 22 - Rotating disk, 23 - Fixed disk, 24 - Fixed blade, 25 - Auxiliary feed pipe, 26 - Air inlet pipe, 27 - Handwheel, 28 - Mounting plate, 29 - Adjusting screw, 30 - Anti-wave box, 31 - Passage port, 32 - Adjusting plate. Detailed implementation mode

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment:

[0029] A flotation machine for separating gypsum components in electrolytic manganese slag includes a flotation tank 1, a scraping assembly, a flotation structure 4 and a liquid level adjustment device 7; there are at least two flotation tanks 1, and a feed chute 11 and a discharge chute 6 are respectively arranged on the two flotation tanks 1 on both sides; the liquid level adjustment device 7 is arranged between two adjacent flotation tanks 1 and is used to connect the two flotation tanks 1; the scraping assembly is arranged at the top of the front side of the flotation tank 1, and the scraping assembly is used to scrape the floating foam; the flotation structure 4 includes a flotation device and a power device. Among them, the flotation device includes a cylinder 18, an air inlet pipe 26, a feed pipe, a fixed disk 23, a fixed blade 24, a rotating disk 22 and a rotating blade 21; the power device includes a driving motor 16, a bearing block 12 and a driving shaft 17; a mounting frame 5 is fixedly connected to the top of the flotation tank 1, the bearing block 12 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 5, the driving shaft 17 is rotationally and hermetically connected to the bearing block 12, and the driving motor 16 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the flotation tank 1 and is used to drive the driving shaft 17 to rotate; the cylinder 18 is fixedly connected to the top of the bearing block 12, the air inlet pipe 26 is connected to the cylinder 18, the feed pipe is connected to the cylinder 18, the fixed disk 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder 18, the rotating disk 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotation, the rotating blades 21 are evenly arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on the rotating disk 22, and the fixed blades 24 are evenly arranged at intervals outside the rotating blades 21 and are fixedly connected to the fixed disk 23.

[0030] Specifically, during use, first, the electrolytic manganese residue is ground into fragments and prepared into a pulp, which is then introduced into the feed tank 11. At the same time, chemicals need to be added to ensure foaming and flotation. Subsequently, the drive motor 16 is started, and the drive motor 16 drives the drive shaft 17 to rotate. The drive shaft 17 drives the rotating disk 22 to rotate, and the rotating disk 22 drives the rotating blades 21 to rotate. When the rotating blades 21 rotate, they fling the pulp in all directions, creating a negative pressure area inside the cylinder 18, thereby achieving the functions of air intake and material suction. During this process, the pulp enters the flotation chamber 1 through the main feed pipe 20, and air enters the cylinder 18 through the air inlet pipe 26 and then enters the flotation chamber 1. When the rotating blades 21 rotate to fling out the pulp, the flow state of the pulp is relatively disordered, with a large tangential velocity and eddy current. The fixed blades 24 can convert the tangential movement of the pulp flung out by the rotating blades 21 into axial movement, enabling the pulp to quickly spread out after leaving and not continue to move in a circular motion, making the pulp flow more smoothly and orderly, which is beneficial to the subsequent flotation process. In addition, the fixed blades 24 can guide the flung pulp-air flow so that it can flow in a specific direction and path, ensuring that the mixture of pulp and air can be evenly distributed to various parts of the flotation chamber 1, improving the uniformity of the mixture of pulp and air in the flotation chamber 1, creating good conditions for the full contact and attachment of minerals and bubbles, and thereby enhancing the flotation effect of gypsum. During the process of the rotating blades 21 rotating to form negative pressure air intake, the fixed blades 24 help to further reduce the pressure near the bottom of the rotating disk 22 by changing the flow direction and speed of the pulp, thereby increasing the air intake volume and making the air intake more stable and uniform, ensuring that there is sufficient air participation in the flotation process and improving the generation and mineralization effect of bubbles. Through this structure, the mixing of pulp and air can be improved, ensuring the subsequent flotation process and effectively enhancing the flotation effect of gypsum.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the scraping component includes a scraping motor 2, a speed reducer 3, a scraping rotating shaft 8, a transmission wheel 10, and a scraper 9. Among them, the scraping motor 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the flotation tank 1, the speed reducer 3 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the flotation tank 1, the output shaft of the scraping motor 2 is connected to the speed reducer 3, the scraping rotating shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the top of the front side of the flotation tank 1, the scraper 9 is fixedly connected to the scraping rotating shaft 8, the transmission wheel 10 is fixedly connected to one side of the scraping rotating shaft 8, and the output end of the speed reducer 3 is connected to the transmission wheel 10 through a belt. Among them, the scraping rotating shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the top of the front side of the flotation tank 1. On the one hand, it is fixedly connected to the transmission wheel 10, and on the other hand, it bears the scraper 9, and can drive the scraper 9 to perform corresponding rotational movements with the adjusted power transmitted from the speed reducer 3. The scraper 9 is fixedly connected to the scraping rotating shaft 8. It is the component that directly contacts the floating foam and realizes the scraping function. Its shape, material, etc. are designed according to the characteristics of the floating foam and the actual situation of the flotation tank 1 to ensure that the floating foam can be effectively scraped off from the liquid surface of the flotation tank 1. The function of the entire scraping component is that during the flotation process, after the electrolytic manganese slag slurry acts through the flotation structure 4, floating foam will be generated on the liquid surface of the flotation tank 1, and these floating foams contain useful substances such as gypsum components that need to be separated. The scraping component provides power through the scraping motor 2, adjusts the speed through the speed reducer 3, and then drives the scraping rotating shaft 8 and the scraper 9 to rotate by means of the transmission of the transmission wheel 10 and the belt, so as to accurately scrape and collect the floating foam, realize the effective collection and treatment of the floating foam containing gypsum components, and further ensure the efficient separation of the gypsum component in the electrolytic manganese slag by the entire flotation machine, improving the quality and efficiency of separation.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid level adjusting device 7 includes a wave-proof box 30, an adjusting plate 32, an adjusting screw 29, and a mounting plate 28; the wave-proof box 30 is fixedly connected to the flotation tank 1, the adjusting plate 32 is slidably connected to the wave-proof box 30, and a through-port 31 is formed between the adjusting plate 32 and the bottom of the wave-proof box 30; the mounting plate 28 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 5, the adjusting screw 29 is threadedly connected to the mounting plate 28 and rotatably connected to the adjusting plate 32. The wave-proof box 30 is fixedly connected to the flotation tank 1, which is the basic structural part of the entire liquid level adjusting device 7, and its shape and size are designed according to the actual specifications of the flotation tank 1 and the liquid level fluctuations during the flotation process. The wave-proof box 30 can effectively block the waves generated during the flow and agitation of the pulp in the flotation tank 1, avoiding the influence of excessive liquid level fluctuations on the connection between adjacent flotation tanks 1 and the stability of the entire flotation process, and creating a relatively stable environmental basis for subsequent liquid level adjustment. The adjusting plate 32 is slidably connected to the wave-proof box 30, and it can slide up and down flexibly in the wave-proof box 30. A through-port 31 is formed between the adjusting plate 32 and the bottom of the wave-proof box 30. The size of this through-port 31 changes with the sliding position of the adjusting plate 32, and its function is very crucial. By changing the size of the through-port 31, the flow rate of the pulp between two adjacent flotation tanks 1 can be controlled, thereby adjusting the liquid level height in the two flotation tanks 1 to ensure that the pulp volume and liquid level in different flotation tanks 1 are maintained in a suitable state to meet the requirements of the flotation work in different stages. The mounting plate 28 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 5, which provides a stable mounting foundation for the adjusting screw 29 to ensure that the adjusting screw 29 does not loosen or shift during operation. The adjusting screw 29 is threadedly connected to the mounting plate 28 and rotatably connected to the adjusting plate 32. When the liquid level height needs to be adjusted, by rotating the adjusting screw 29, due to the threaded engagement relationship between the adjusting screw 29 and the mounting plate 28, the adjusting screw 29 will displace in the axial direction, thereby driving the adjusting plate 32 rotatably connected thereto to slide up and down in the wave-proof box 30, so as to realize the adjustment of the size of the through-port 31. The main function of the entire liquid level adjusting device 7 is reflected in that during the operation of the flotation machine, the pulp state, liquid level height, etc. in different flotation tanks 1 need to be adjusted in a timely manner according to the actual flotation progress and the requirements of gypsum component separation. For example, in some stages, it may be necessary to make the pulp flow slowly between adjacent flotation tanks 1 to ensure that the pulp is fully mixed with the reagent and the gypsum components adhere better to the bubbles. At this time, the through-port 31 can be appropriately reduced by the liquid level adjusting device 7; while in other stages, when it is necessary to accelerate the transfer speed of the pulp, the through-port 31 can be enlarged. It can flexibly and accurately adjust the pulp flow rate and liquid level height between adjacent flotation tanks 1, ensure the orderly and efficient progress of the entire flotation process, and improve the separation effect of gypsum components in electrolytic manganese slag.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, a circulation port 19 is provided on one side of the cylinder body 18. The functions of the circulation port 19 are mainly reflected in multiple aspects. On the one hand, during the flotation process, part of the pulp that has undergone preliminary flotation treatment but has not yet achieved the ideal flotation effect can flow back into the interior of the cylinder body 18 through this circulation port 19 and re-participate in subsequent flotation-related links such as air inhalation, material suction, and full mixing with reagents and air, enabling this part of the pulp to have the opportunity to come into full contact with the bubbles again, and thus allowing the gypsum components contained therein to adhere more fully to the bubbles, improving the flotation separation effect of gypsum. On the other hand, the existence of the circulation port 19 also helps to adjust the overall flow rate and velocity of the pulp inside the cylinder body 18, maintaining a relatively stable and reasonable pulp circulation state in the entire flotation system, avoiding the impact of too fast or too slow pulp flow on the flotation efficiency and quality, and ensuring that the flotation separation work of the gypsum components in the electrolytic manganese slag by the entire flotation machine can be carried out continuously, efficiently and stably.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the feed pipe includes a main feed pipe 20 and an auxiliary feed pipe 25, the main feed pipe 20 and the auxiliary feed pipe 25 are respectively connected to the cylinder 18, and at the same time, the main feed pipe 20 is connected to the feed trough 11 or the liquid level regulating device 7; one end of the auxiliary feed pipe 25 extends out of the flotation bin 1 and is connected to a valve. Among them, the main feed pipe 20 and the auxiliary feed pipe 25 are respectively connected to the cylinder 18, each of which undertakes a different but crucial mission. One end of the main feed pipe 20 is firmly and accurately connected to the cylinder 18, and the other end is connected to the feed trough 11 or the liquid level regulating device 7. It is the main path for the slurry to enter the cylinder 18. After the electrolytic manganese slag is ground, modulated into slurry and the corresponding reagents are added, the slurry is first gathered through the feed trough 11, and then flows into the cylinder 18 continuously along the main feed pipe 20, providing the most basic material source for subsequent flotation operations. Moreover, when connected to the liquid level regulating device 7, it can also timely transport the slurry to the corresponding position according to the liquid level adjustment between different flotation bins 1, ensuring that the slurry can flow in an orderly manner in the entire flotation system according to a reasonable process, and ensuring that each flotation bin 1 has sufficient and suitable slurry to participate in the flotation process. The auxiliary feed pipe 25 is also reliably connected to the cylinder 18, one end of which extends out of the flotation bin 1, and a valve is also connected to this end. The existence of the valve makes the control of the auxiliary feed pipe 25 very flexible. In the normal flotation process, when it is necessary to further fine-tune the parameters such as the slurry concentration and flow rate inside the cylinder 18, the operator can control the opening and closing of the auxiliary feed pipe 25 and the inflow of slurry by operating the valve. For example, when it is found that the slurry concentration inside the cylinder 18 is slightly low, which is not conducive to the gypsum component fully combining with the bubbles for flotation, the valve can be opened to allow an appropriate amount of slurry to be added into the cylinder 18 through the auxiliary feed pipe 25, thereby increasing the slurry concentration and optimizing the flotation conditions; or when it is necessary to adjust the rhythm of the entire flotation and slow down the speed at which the slurry enters the cylinder 18, the slurry flow rate of the auxiliary feed pipe 25 can be accurately controlled by adjusting the opening and closing degree of the valve, so as to cooperate with the operating rhythm of the entire flotation machine, ensure that the flotation process is more stable and efficient, and thereby improve the flotation separation effect of the gypsum component in the electrolytic manganese slag.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, a driving wheel 15 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 16, and a driven wheel 13 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the driving shaft 17. The driving wheel 15 and the driven wheel 13 are connected by a driving belt 14. Through this belt drive method, the power output by the driving motor 16 can be effectively transmitted to the driving shaft 17 smoothly and efficiently. Compared with some other rigid connection drive methods, the belt drive has better buffering performance. It can buffer the impact force generated during the start or operation of the driving motor 16 to a certain extent, avoiding this impact force directly acting on the driving shaft 17 and the subsequent flotation device, thereby extending the service life of the entire flotation structure 4. Secondly, the belt drive method makes the transmission process more flexible and is relatively convenient for installation and subsequent maintenance. When it is necessary to repair or replace related components such as the driving motor 16 or the driving shaft 17, only the belt needs to be simply disassembled, and the operation is simple and convenient. Moreover, the belt drive can control the transmission ratio more precisely. According to the actual flotation requirements, by reasonably selecting the sizes of the driving wheel 15 and the driven wheel 13, the rotation speed of the driving shaft 17 can be effectively adjusted, thereby ensuring that the rotating disk 22 and the rotating blades 21 can operate at an appropriate speed, ensuring that during the flotation process, the pulp can be appropriately thrown around, realizing good air suction and material suction functions, creating favorable conditions for the efficient flotation of the gypsum component, and ensuring the flotation effect of the entire flotation machine.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of air outlet holes are provided on the fixed disk 23. The shapes of these air outlet holes mostly present as regular circles, and their aperture sizes are moderate, neither too large to cause the gas to gush out quickly and disorderly, nor too small to cause poor gas discharge. They are evenly distributed on the fixed disk 23. The functions of the air outlet holes are diverse and very crucial. First of all, during the flotation process, air enters the interior of the cylinder 18 through the air inlet pipe 26, and when the rotating blade 21 rotates, it will throw the pulp around, creating a negative pressure area inside the cylinder 18 to achieve the air suction function. At this time, these air outlet holes on the fixed disk 23 become important channels for air to flow from the interior of the cylinder 18 to the flotation chamber 1. The air can flow evenly and stably into the flotation chamber 1 along these air outlet holes, fully mix with the pulp thrown over, allow enough air to be incorporated into the pulp, and then generate more fine and stable bubbles, creating extremely favorable conditions for the gypsum component to better adhere to the bubbles, which helps to improve the flotation effect of gypsum. Secondly, these air outlet holes also help to adjust the air pressure environment inside the cylinder 18. When the rotating blade 21 continuously rotates and works, the air pressure inside the cylinder 18 will be in a dynamic change. The air outlet holes can keep the air pressure inside the cylinder 18 and the air pressure inside the flotation chamber 1 in a relatively balanced and reasonable state, avoiding the influence of too large a pressure difference on the normal flow of the pulp and the stability of the entire flotation process, ensuring that the mixture of the pulp and air can flow smoothly between the cylinder 18 and the flotation chamber 1 in the expected manner, guaranteeing the efficient and orderly development of the entire flotation process, and thus better realizing the separation of the gypsum component in the electrolytic manganese slag.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, wear-resistant layers are provided on the outer sides of the rotating blade 21 and the fixed blade 24, and the wear-resistant layers are made of tungsten carbide material. During the daily operation of the flotation machine, the rotating blade 21 will continuously rotate at a high speed and throw the pulp around, and the fixed blade 24 is required to guide the pulp thrown by the rotating blade 21 and change its flow state, etc. During this process, the pulp contains many solid particle components and will continuously rub and collide with the outer surface of the blade. Relying on the excellent wear resistance of the tungsten carbide material, it can greatly reduce the wear of the blade caused by the pulp particles, keep the blade in good shape and performance for a long time, avoid affecting its normal action on the pulp due to too fast blade wear, and ensure the stable and efficient progress of the flotation process.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the fixed blades 24 are blades with a forward inclination angle. During the flotation process, the rotating blades 21 will rotate at a high speed to throw the pulp to the surroundings, so that the pulp has a large tangential velocity and vortex, presenting a relatively turbulent flow state. At this time, the forward inclination blades can cleverly and efficiently transform the tangential motion of the pulp thrown out by the rotating blades 21 into axial motion by virtue of their unique forward inclination angle, and guide the pulp along the inclination direction of the blades, and quickly transform from the original chaotic circular motion to orderly axial diffusion, so that the pulp can diffuse faster and more smoothly after leaving, and will not continue to make irregular circular motion, so that the pulp can flow more smoothly and orderly in the flotation chamber 1, creating a good fluid environment for subsequent flotation operations, which is conducive to better contact and adhesion between minerals and bubbles, thereby improving the flotation effect of gypsum.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the fixed blade 24 is an arc-shaped structure. During the flotation process, the high-speed rotation of the rotating blade 21 will throw the slurry around, causing the slurry to be in a relatively turbulent flow state with a large tangential velocity and eddy current. The fixed blade 24 with an arc structure is similar to a deflector. With its own natural curvature, it can more gently and efficiently convert the tangential motion of the slurry thrown out by the rotating blade 21 into axial motion. When the slurry hits the arc-shaped fixed blade 24, it will change the flow direction along the arc contour of the blade. The originally chaotic circular motion can be gradually guided into an orderly axial diffusion, so that the slurry can quickly and smoothly diffuse after leaving, avoiding continuing to make irregular circular motion, so that the flow of the slurry in the flotation bin 1 is more stable and orderly, creating excellent conditions for the subsequent flotation links, helping the minerals to fully contact and adhere to the bubbles, and thus improving the flotation effect of gypsum. Secondly, the fixed blade 24 with an arc structure also has an excellent guiding effect on the mixture of slurry and air. After the air enters the cylinder 18 through the air inlet pipe 26 and mixes with the slurry, the arc-shaped fixed blades 24 can guide the slurry airflow more accurately and delicately according to their own curvature characteristics, so that the mixture of slurry and air can flow along the specific path guided by the arc-shaped blades and be evenly distributed to various parts of the flotation bin 1, thereby improving the uniformity of the slurry and air mixing in the flotation bin 1, further optimizing the flotation conditions, ensuring that the entire flotation process can be carried out efficiently and stably, and more effectively realizing the separation of gypsum components in electrolytic manganese slag.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the present embodiment provides a composite gypsum flotation synergist, which is used in conjunction with a flotation machine to enhance the flotation effect of gypsum. The agent includes a collector, a foaming agent, and a regulator. By mass fraction, it includes 30% collector, 20% foaming agent, and 50% regulator. For the collector, the components of the collector by mass fraction include 8-12 parts of fatty amine, 6-10 parts of modified fatty acid, 4-8 parts of polyetheramine, and 4-8 parts of dimethyl silicone oil. For the foaming agent, the components of the foaming agent by mass fraction include 6-10 parts of polyethylene glycol ether, 4-8 parts of methyl isobutyl carbinol, and 4-8 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate. For the regulator, the components of the regulator by mass fraction include 8-12 parts of calcium chloride, 8-12 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 8-12 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and 16-24 parts of a composite organic inhibitor; wherein, the composite organic inhibitor is composed of sodium cyanurate, tricarboxyl starch, and konjac glucomannan mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0041] Specifically, in the collector, high-quality long-chain fatty amines are selected, which have good solid-philicity and lipophilicity, and can be adsorbed on the surface of gypsum better, providing a basic collecting effect for subsequent flotation. The modified fatty acid is specifically chloro-fatty acid, which uses fatty acids such as hexadecyl carboxylic acid as raw materials and reacts with chlorine gas to introduce chlorine atoms at the α position of the fatty acid. The introduction of chlorine atoms changes the molecular structure and properties of the fatty acid, improves the acidity and activity of the fatty acid, enhances the interaction ability with the surface of gypsum, makes the collecting effect on gypsum better during the flotation process, and to a certain extent improves the selectivity of the fatty acid and can reduce the entrainment of other impurity minerals. The polyetheramine molecule structure has both the flexibility of the ether bond and the activity of the amine group, which can further strengthen the interaction with the surface of gypsum and help improve the overall solubility of the agent and its adaptability under different pulp conditions. Dimethyl silicone oil, as an auxiliary collecting component, can reduce the interfacial tension between the pulp and the surface of gypsum, making it easier for the collector to adhere to the gypsum, and at the same time can play a role in defoaming and reducing reagent consumption to a certain extent.

[0042] In the foaming agent, polyethylene glycol ether has stable foaming performance, the generated foam is delicate and not easy to break, and can maintain the stability of the foam layer during the flotation process for a long time, which is beneficial to carrying the gypsum minerals to float. Methyl isobutyl carbinol has good foaming ability and certain selectivity, and synergizes with polyethylene glycol ether to enhance the strength and persistence of the foam, and its volatility is moderate, which can better control the amount and quality of the foam during the flotation process. Sodium lauryl sulfate, as a commonly used surfactant-type foaming agent, can quickly reduce the surface tension of the pulp, promote the generation of bubbles, and its hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value is appropriate, which can better cooperate with other agents to play a role in the pulp system.

[0043] In the regulator, calcium chloride acts as an activator. Calcium ions can specifically bind to active sites such as sulfate radicals on the surface of gypsum, increasing the activity of the gypsum surface, enhancing its adsorption capacity for the collector, and thus improving the floatability of gypsum. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose can, on the one hand, play a role in dispersing mineral particles in the pulp, preventing particle agglomeration, and enabling gypsum particles to better contact with the reagents; on the other hand, it can also inhibit the flotation of some gangue minerals to a certain extent, achieving a selective inhibition effect and improving the selectivity of flotation. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate can adjust the pH value of the pulp to an appropriate range, generally adjusted to a weakly acidic environment. For example, a pH value of around 5-6 is more suitable for gypsum flotation. At the same time, phosphate ions can also complex with some interfering metal ions that may exist in the pulp, eliminating their adverse effects on gypsum flotation. The composite organic inhibitor can effectively inhibit the flotation of other impurity minerals in the pulp, ensuring that gypsum can be separated from impurities to the greatest extent during the flotation process, and improving the purity and recovery rate of gypsum flotation.

[0044] Using this composite gypsum flotation synergist, through the synergistic cooperation of each component, especially the reasonable combination of the collector and the inhibitor, it has a strong selective collection ability for gypsum, can effectively reduce the inclusion of other non-gypsum minerals, and improve the purity of the obtained gypsum product. However, it should be noted that in the actual application process, due to the differences in the electrolysis process, the component contents in the electrolytic manganese slag are not consistent. Therefore, in actual application, small-scale flotation tests should be carried out first, and the dosage, addition sequence, and flotation process of the reagents should be optimized and adjusted according to the specific properties of the electrolytic manganese slag and the parameters of the flotation equipment to achieve the best gypsum flotation separation effect.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment 1, the components of the collector include 8 parts of fatty amine, 6 parts of modified fatty acid, 4 parts of polyetheramine, and 4 parts of dimethyl silicone oil by mass. For the foaming agent, the components of the foaming agent include 6 parts of polyethylene glycol ether, 4 parts of methyl isobutyl carbinol, and 4 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate by mass. For the regulator, the components of the regulator include 8 parts of calcium chloride, 8 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 8 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and 16 parts of composite organic inhibitor by mass.

[0046] Using the composite gypsum flotation synergist with the above ratio to float the electrolytic manganese slag, the manganese slag contains SO 3 with a grade of 23.2%. After testing, after the electrolytic manganese slag is floated, the final concentrate contains SO 3 with a grade of 48.67%, and the tailings contain SO 3 with a grade of 5.3%, and the recovery rate is 63%.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment 2, different from preferred embodiment 1, the components of the collector include 9 parts of fatty amine, 6 parts of modified fatty acid, 4 parts of polyetheramine, and 4 parts of dimethyl silicone oil by mass fraction. The rest remains unchanged. After testing, the final concentrate SO 3 grade is 50.23%, and the tailing SO 3 grade is 4.8%, and the recovery rate reaches 68%.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment 3, different from preferred embodiment 2, the components of the collector include 10 parts of fatty amine, 7 parts of modified fatty acid, 5 parts of polyetheramine, and 5 parts of dimethyl silicone oil by mass fraction. The components of the frother include 7 parts of polyethylene glycol ether, 5 parts of methyl isobutyl carbinol, and 5 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate by mass fraction. The components of the regulator include 9 parts of calcium chloride, 9 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 9 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and 18 parts of composite organic inhibitor by mass fraction.

[0049] Using the composite gypsum flotation synergist with this ratio to float electrolytic manganese slag with SO 3 grade of 23.2%, after testing, the final concentrate SO 3 grade is 52.15%, and the tailing SO 3 grade is 4.3%, and the recovery rate reaches 72%. It can be seen that after further adjusting the content of each reagent component, the flotation effect is continuously optimized, the quality of the concentrate is further improved, the SO 3 content in the tailing is further reduced, the recovery rate also increases, and the resource recovery and utilization effect is more ideal.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment 4, based on preferred embodiment 3, the components of the collector include 11 parts of fatty amine, 8 parts of modified fatty acid, 6 parts of polyetheramine, and 6 parts of dimethyl silicone oil by mass fraction. The components of the frother include 8 parts of polyethylene glycol ether, 6 parts of methyl isobutyl carbinol, and 6 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate by mass fraction. The components of the regulator include 10 parts of calcium chloride, 10 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 10 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and 20 parts of composite organic inhibitor by mass fraction.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment 5, this time, the components of the collector include 12 parts of fatty amine, 9 parts of modified fatty acid, 7 parts of polyetheramine, and 7 parts of dimethyl silicone oil by mass fraction. The components of the frother include 9 parts of polyethylene glycol ether, 7 parts of methyl isobutyl carbinol, and 7 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate by mass fraction. The components of the regulator include 11 parts of calcium chloride, 11 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 11 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and 22 parts of composite organic inhibitor by mass fraction.

[0052] Using the composite gypsum flotation synergist with this ratio to treat SO-containing 3The electrolytic manganese slag with a grade of 23.2% was tested, and the result for the concentrate was SO 3 with a grade of 56.3%, and for the tailings was SO 3 with a grade as low as 3.2%, and the recovery rate was as high as 80%. This shows that the change in the content of each reagent component continuously plays a positive promoting role in the flotation effect, enabling the flotation process to better separate gypsum from other impurities when treating electrolytic manganese slag, improving the quality and quantity of resource recovery, and better meeting the requirements of efficient resource utilization and environmental protection in many aspects.

[0053] For the same electrolytic manganese slag containing SO 3 with a grade of 23.2%, after flotation operation, the test found that the final concentrate had an SO 3 grade reaching 54.8%, and the tailings had an SO 3 grade dropping to 3.8%, and the recovery rate increased to 76%. This indicates that with the gradual adjustment and change of the content of each reagent component, the separation effect of the flotation process on gypsum becomes more significant, and it can more efficiently enrich the components containing SO 3 into the concentrate and reduce the loss in the tailings, which helps to improve the recovery efficiency of valuable components in electrolytic manganese slag.

[0054] In Comparative Example 1, the conventional single collector dodecylamine was used as the flotation reagent, without adding a foaming agent and a regulator, and directly a flotation test was carried out on the electrolytic manganese slag containing SO 3 with a grade of 23.2%.

[0055] After testing, the final concentrate obtained had an SO 3 grade of only 32.5%, and the tailings had an SO 3 grade as high as 18.6%, and the recovery rate was only 40%. It can be seen that using only a single traditional collector cannot effectively achieve good separation of gypsum from other impurities, and it has poor effects in improving the concentrate grade, reducing the tailings grade, and increasing the recovery rate, far inferior to the flotation effect of using a composite gypsum flotation synergist.

[0056] In Comparative Example 2, the common foaming agent pine oil alcohol was used as the flotation reagent, without cooperating with a collector and a regulator, and a flotation operation was carried out on the same electrolytic manganese slag containing SO 3 with a grade of 23.2%.

[0057] The test results showed that the concentrate had an SO 3 grade of 26.8%, and the tailings had an SO 3 grade of 20.3%, and the recovery rate was 32%. This indicates that relying solely on a single foaming agent can hardly play an effective flotation separation role and cannot effectively enrich the valuable gypsum components in electrolytic manganese slag, resulting in a low concentrate grade and a low recovery rate.

[0058] Comparative Example 3: The traditional regulator sodium silicate was selected as the flotation reagent and applied to the flotation process of electrolytic manganese slag with a SO 3 grade of 23.2% without adding collector and frother.

[0059] After the flotation test, it was found that the SO 3 grade of the concentrate was 25.1%, the SO 3 grade of the tailings was 21.2%, and the recovery rate was 35%. It can be seen that simply using the traditional single regulator cannot achieve good flotation recovery of gypsum in electrolytic manganese slag, and it performs poorly in improving flotation indexes, highlighting the importance of the synergistic cooperation of the components of the composite gypsum flotation synergist.

[0060] Comparative Example 4: The collector, frother, and regulator in Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3 were mixed according to a mass ratio of 30:20:50, and the electrolytic manganese slag with a SO 3 grade of 23.2% was flotated.

[0061] Finally, the test obtained that the SO 3 grade of the concentrate was 40.2%, the SO 3 grade of the tailings was 10.5%, and the recovery rate was 55%. Compared with the flotation effects of the composite gypsum flotation synergist in different preferred embodiments studied above, there are obvious gaps in improving the concentrate grade, reducing the tailings grade, and increasing the recovery rate of this ordinary composite flotation reagent.

[0062] Through the comparison of the flotation experiments of the above preferred embodiments and comparative examples, it can be concluded that: First, in the preferred embodiments, with the reasonable adjustment and change of the mass fractions of the components of the composite gypsum flotation synergist, when flotating electrolytic manganese slag, the flotation effect shows a gradually optimized trend. Specifically, the SO 3 grade of the concentrate continuously increases, the SO 3 grade of the tailings continuously decreases, and the recovery rate of gypsum also increases steadily accordingly. This fully reflects the good synergistic effect between the components of this composite gypsum flotation synergist, which can efficiently separate gypsum from other impurities in electrolytic manganese slag and is beneficial to improving the comprehensive recovery and utilization efficiency of resources. From the perspective of the comparative examples, whether using a conventional single collector, frother or regulator alone, or using a composite flotation reagent, when flotating electrolytic manganese slag with a SO 3 grade of 23.2%, its flotation effect is far inferior to that of the composite gypsum flotation synergist in this study. Each comparative example performs poorly in key flotation indexes such as improving the concentrate grade, reducing the tailings grade, and increasing the recovery rate, highlighting the scientificity and rationality of the composition design and ratio of this composite gypsum flotation synergist, as well as the significant advantages brought by the synergistic cooperation of its components.

[0063] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "the other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0064] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "set", "connected", "fixed", "swivelly connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly limited, for those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flotation machine for separating gypsum components from electrolytic manganese slag, characterized in that: The invention comprises a flotation bin (1), a scraper assembly, a flotation structure (4) and a liquid level regulating device (7); the flotation bin (1) comprises at least two, wherein the flotation bins (1) on both sides are respectively provided with a feed trough (11) and a discharge trough (6); the liquid level regulating device (7) is arranged between two adjacent flotation bins (1) and is used to connect the two flotation bins (1); the scraper assembly is arranged at the top of the front side of the flotation bin (1), and is used to scrape off the floating foam; The flotation structure (4) comprises a flotation device and a power device, wherein the flotation device comprises a cylinder (18), an air inlet pipe (26), a feed pipe, a fixed disk (23), fixed blades (24), a rotating disk (22) and rotating blades (21); the power device comprises a driving motor (16), a bearing seat (12) and a driving shaft (17); A mounting frame (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the flotation bin (1), a bearing seat (12) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (5), a drive shaft (17) is rotatably sealedly connected to the bearing seat (12), a drive motor (16) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the flotation bin (1) and is used to drive the drive shaft (17) to rotate; a cylinder (18) is fixedly connected to the top of the bearing seat (12), an air inlet pipe (26) is connected to the cylinder (18), a feed pipe is connected to the cylinder (18), a fixed disk (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder (18), a rotating disk (22) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating disk, rotating blades (21) are evenly spaced apart on the rotating disk (22) along the circumferential direction, and fixed blades (24) are evenly spaced apart on the outside of the rotating blades (21) and are fixedly connected to the fixed disk (23).

2. A flotation machine for separating gypsum components from electrolytic manganese slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper assembly comprises a scraper motor (2), a speed reducer (3), a scraper rotating shaft (8), a transmission wheel (10) and a scraper (9); wherein the scraper motor (2) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the flotation bin (1), the speed reducer (3) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the flotation bin (1), the output shaft of the scraper motor (2) is connected to the speed reducer (3), the scraper rotating shaft (8) is rotationally connected to the front top of the flotation bin (1), the scraper (9) is fixedly connected to the scraper rotating shaft (8), the transmission wheel (10) is fixedly connected to one side of the scraper rotating shaft (8), and the output end of the speed reducer (3) is connected to the transmission wheel (10) via a belt.

3. A flotation machine for separating gypsum components from electrolytic manganese slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid level regulating device (7) comprises a wave-breaking box (30), an adjusting plate (32), an adjusting screw (29) and a mounting plate (28); the wave-breaking box (30) is fixedly connected to the flotation chamber (1), the adjusting plate (32) is slidably connected to the wave-breaking box (30), and a through hole (31) is formed between the adjusting plate (32) and the bottom of the wave-breaking box (30); the mounting plate (28) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (5), and the adjusting screw (29) is threadedly connected to the mounting plate (28) and is rotatably connected to the adjusting plate (32).

4. A flotation machine for separating gypsum components from electrolytic manganese slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circulation port (19) is provided on one side of the cylinder (18).

5. A flotation machine for separating gypsum components from electrolytic manganese slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed pipe comprises a main feed pipe (20) and an auxiliary feed pipe (25). The main feed pipe (20) and the auxiliary feed pipe (25) are respectively connected to the cylinder (18). At the same time, the main feed pipe (20) is connected to the feed tank (11) or the liquid level regulating device (7). One end of the auxiliary feed pipe (25) extends out of the flotation bin (1) and is connected to a valve.

6. A flotation machine for separating gypsum components from electrolytic manganese slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving wheel (15) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor (16), a driven wheel (13) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the driving shaft (17), and the driving wheel (15) and the driven wheel (13) are connected via a driving belt (14).

7. A flotation machine for separating gypsum components from electrolytic manganese slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed plate (23) is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes.

8. A flotation machine for separating gypsum components from electrolytic manganese slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sides of the rotating blades (21) and the fixed blades (24) are provided with wear-resistant layers.

9. A flotation machine for separating gypsum components from electrolytic manganese slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed blades (24) are forward-inclined blades.

10. A flotation machine for separating gypsum components from electrolytic manganese slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed blade (24) is an arc-shaped structure.

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