Five-axis five-linkage numerical control milling machine with RTCP

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a five-axis five-linkage RTCP numerical control milling machine which is characterized in that a transverse guide rail is arranged at the upper end of a base, a transverse moving plate is slidably limited on the transverse guide rail, longitudinal guide rails are slidably arranged at the upper end of the transverse moving plate, a longitudinal moving plate is slidably limited between the longitudinal guide rails, and a clamp for clamping a workpiece is mounted on the longitudinal moving plate; a transverse moving plate is arranged on one side of the base, a longitudinal moving plate is arranged on one side of the base, a supporting frame is further arranged on one side of the base, vertical guide rails are symmetrically arranged on one side of the supporting frame, a vertical moving plate is arranged between the vertical guide rails in a sliding mode, and a cutting mechanism for cutting a workpiece is arranged on one side of the vertical moving plate. Five-axis five-linkage operation of linear movement of the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis and rotation of the B-axis and the C-axis is achieved, the requirement for high-precision milling of workpieces is met, and the machining precision and efficiency are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of numerical control machine tools, and particularly to a five-axis five-linkage CNC milling machine with RTCP. Background Art

[0002] At present, most five-axis machine tools on the market are relatively large in size, while small machine tools are generally three-axis. Limited by cost, small machine tools need to rely on fixtures when installing workpieces, and they do not have an automatic tool changer. They can only manually change tools. After changing tools and workpieces, the tools still need to be manually positioned.

[0003] For RTCP machine tools, all instructions are controlled based on the coordinates of the tool tip point. Although those skilled in the art can use an edge finder to determine the machining position of the workpiece, the edge finder usually needs to be manually installed on the spindle to work. In small factories, due to cost constraints, even for tools of the same specification, the lengths of their mounting shanks are different, the degrees of wear of the tool tips are different, and the lengths of the tools installed on the spindle are not fixed. Therefore, after each tool installation, tool setting needs to be performed again; and the existing external edge finder is installed on the spindle and cannot directly perform edge finding operations on the tool, and ultimately still relies on manual tool setting by the operator.

[0004] In the prior art, a patent with the publication number CN204935257U discloses a numerical control machine tool automatic tool setting and edge finding device. The device includes a driving module, a detection module, and a control module; the driving module is used to drive the tool to approach or move away from the tool setter, and to drive the edge finder to approach or move away from the workpiece to be machined; the detection module is used to detect whether the tool contacts the tool setter, and to detect whether the edge finder and the workpiece to be machined contact; the control module is used to control the driving module according to the detection signals of the detection module.

[0005] However, the edge finder of the above device still needs to be installed on the spindle. Although the device realizes automatic tool setting and edge finding and improves the operation convenience and accuracy to a certain extent, the edge finder still needs to be installed on the spindle, and the problem of non-spindle installation of the edge finder is not solved. That is, after the edge finder finishes edge finding on the workpiece, it still needs to be manually removed by the operator and replaced with a tool. That is, it cannot meet the requirement of being able to perform edge finding on the workpiece and the tool without installing the edge finder on the spindle.

[0006] Therefore, in view of the above statements, there is still room for improvement in the existing machine tool edge finding devices. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a five-axis five-linkage CNC milling machine with RTCP, including a base. A transverse guide rail is provided at the upper end of the base. A transverse moving plate is slidably limited on the transverse guide rail. A longitudinal guide rail is slidably arranged on the upper end of the transverse moving plate. A longitudinal moving plate is slidably limited between the longitudinal guide rails. A fixture for clamping a workpiece is installed on the longitudinal moving plate.

[0008] On one side of the base, a support frame is further provided. Vertical guide rails are symmetrically arranged on one side of the support frame. A vertical moving plate is slidably arranged between the vertical guide rails. A cutting mechanism for cutting the workpiece is arranged on one side of the vertical moving plate.

[0009] Preferably, the cutting mechanism includes a swing motor arranged on one side of the vertical moving plate. An installation sleeve is arranged on the main shaft on one side of the swing motor. A main shaft is installed between the installation sleeves. A cutter is installed on the lower side of the main shaft.

[0010] Preferably, a rotating member is arranged at the upper end of the longitudinal moving plate. The fixture is installed on the rotating end of the rotating member.

[0011] Preferably, a rectangular plate penetrating the main body of the swing motor is arranged on one side of the vertical moving plate. An annular groove with an L-shaped cross-section is opened on one side of the rectangular plate. An annular ring with an L-shaped cross-section is rotatably arranged in the annular groove through a scroll spring. A bent plate is arranged on one side of the annular ring. A support plate is installed on one side of the bent plate. An installation ring is arranged at the end of the support plate. An edge-finding mechanism for finding the edges of the workpiece and the cutter is installed in the installation ring.

[0012] Preferably, the axis of the installation ring corresponds to the axis of the main shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the edge-finding mechanism includes a support cylinder arranged in the installation ring. The upper and lower ends of the support cylinder are in a through state. Conical blocks are symmetrically arranged on the inner diameter of the support cylinder at both ends of its opening. A glass ball is rotatably arranged at the end of the conical block. A receiving groove is further opened inside the conical block. A displacement sensor is arranged in the receiving groove.

[0014] Preferably, a conical cylinder with through ends is further arranged in the support cylinder. Two distance sensors are symmetrically arranged on the inner diameter of the conical cylinder. A connecting shaft with one side extending into the corresponding conical cylinder is arranged on one side of the conical block. A sensing plate located in the corresponding conical cylinder is arranged on one side of the connecting shaft. A pushing spring is arranged between the sensing plate and the distance sensor.

[0015] Preferably, a passive plate is arranged on the inner diameter of the annular ring. A pushing plate with one end extending to the lower part of the inner diameter of the annular ring and corresponding to the passive plate is arranged on one side of the installation sleeve. A patch plate is arranged on the outer side of the annular ring. A patch plate two corresponding to the patch plate one is arranged on a rectangular block.

[0016] Preferably, the support cylinder is slidably connected to the mounting ring. A sliding groove is formed on the outer side of the support cylinder. A sliding plate located in the sliding groove is arranged inside the mounting ring. Reset push springs are arranged on both inner walls of the sliding groove and one side of the sliding plate together.

[0017] Preferably, a rectangular block is arranged at the upper end of the longitudinal moving plate. A contact groove corresponding to the bottom of the support cylinder is formed on the rectangular block.

[0018] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: First, by controlling the transverse moving plate, the longitudinal moving plate, the vertical moving plate, the swing motor and the rotating member with the motor, the present invention realizes the five-axis five-linkage operation of the linear movement of the X, Y, and Z axes and the rotation of the B and C axes, meets the requirement of high-precision milling processing of workpieces, and effectively improves the processing precision and efficiency.

[0019] Second, by arranging the edge-finding mechanism and using components such as balls, small laser edge-finders and distance sensors, the present invention can not only accurately detect the outer contour of the workpiece, obtain the three-dimensional information of the workpiece, and provide a high-precision reference basis for processing, but also measure the length and contour of the tool, judge whether the tool is worn, and ensure the accuracy of processing and the normal use of the tool.

[0020] Third, by arranging the emergency stop component on the mounting sleeve, when a fault occurs in the machine tool, such as the tool colliding with the workpiece, the impact force can be quickly converted into a control signal, so that the control system can stop the operation of the motors of each axis in time, avoid damage to the main shaft, enhance the safety and reliability of the equipment, and provide an important guarantee for the stable operation of the machine tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 is a partial structure sectional view of the main body of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the position of the edge-finding mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular ring of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 is the present invention Figure 5 partial enlarged view of part A in.

[0028] Figure 7It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the edge-finding mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 It is the present invention Figure 7 An enlarged view of a partial structure at position B in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 It is the present invention Figure 7 An enlarged view of a partial structure at position C in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural view of the passive plate and the pushing plate of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural view of the rectangular block and the contact groove of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural view of the emergency stop assembly of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 13 It is a schematic structural view of the arc plate of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 14 It is a schematic view of the contact between the protrusion and the ball of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure, 1, base; 10, horizontal guide rail; 11, transverse moving plate; 12, longitudinal guide rail; 13, longitudinal moving plate; 14, fixture; 15, support frame; 16, vertical guide rail; 17, vertical moving plate; 2, cutting mechanism; 20, swing motor; 21, mounting sleeve; 22, main shaft; 23, cutting tool; 3, rotating member; 4, rectangular plate; 40, annular ring; 41, bent plate; 42, support plate; 43, mounting ring; 5, edge-finding mechanism; 50, support cylinder; 51, conical block; 52, ball; 53, displacement sensor; 54, conical cylinder; 55, distance sensor; 56, connecting shaft; 57, sensing plate; 58, pushing spring; 59, passive plate; 510, pushing plate; 511, attaching plate one; 512, attaching plate two; 6, sliding groove; 60, sliding plate; 61, reset pushing spring; 7, rectangular block; 70, contact groove; 8, emergency stop assembly; 80, L-shaped plate; 81, arc plate; 82, arc groove; 83, protrusion; 84, support column; 85, limiting ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The following Figures 1 to 14 will be used to describe the embodiments of the present invention in detail.

[0038] The embodiment of the present application discloses a five-axis five-linkage CNC milling machine with RTCP. The present application is applied in the process of high-precision milling of workpieces, and can realize the five-axis five-linkage operation of the linear movement of the X (front and back), Y (left and right), and Z (up and down) axes and the rotation of the B axis (longitudinal rotation) and C axis (lateral rotation), thereby improving the machining accuracy and efficiency; further, it is also equipped with an edge-finding mechanism that can accurately detect the outer contour of the workpiece and the tool, and an emergency stop component that can stop running in time when the machine tool fails to ensure the safety of the equipment.

[0039] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a base 1, a transverse guide rail 10, a transverse moving plate 11, a longitudinal guide rail 12, a longitudinal moving plate 13, a fixture 14, a support frame 15, a vertical guide rail 16, a vertical moving plate 17, and a cutting mechanism 2. A transverse guide rail 10 is provided at the upper end of the base 1, and a transverse moving plate 11 is slidably limited on the transverse guide rail 10, that is, the transverse moving plate 11 can move in the left-right direction under the limitation of the transverse guide rail 10 when driven by an external force, that is, at this time, the transverse moving plate 11 moves in the Y-axis direction.

[0040] A longitudinal guide rail 12 slides on the upper end of the transverse moving plate 11, and a longitudinal moving plate 13 is slidably limited between the longitudinal guide rails 12. A fixture 14 for clamping the workpiece is installed on the longitudinal moving plate 13, that is, when the longitudinal moving plate 13 is driven by an external driving device, it can move in the front-back direction under the guiding limitation of the longitudinal guide rail 12, that is, at this time, the longitudinal moving plate 13 can drive the fixture 14 at its upper end to move in the X-axis direction.

[0041] A support frame 15 is also provided on one side of the base 1. Vertical guide rails 16 are symmetrically provided on one side of the support frame 15, and a vertical moving plate 17 is slidably provided between the vertical guide rails 16. A cutting mechanism 2 for machining the workpiece is provided on one side of the vertical moving plate 17, that is, the support frame 15 can limit and guide the vertical moving plate 17 through the vertical guide rails 16, and the vertical moving plate 17 can move in the up-down direction under the guiding of the vertical guide rails 16, that is, at this time, the vertical moving plate 17 can drive the cutting mechanism 2 to move in the Z-axis direction.

[0042] It should be noted that external driving motors are provided between the transverse moving plate 11, the longitudinal moving plate 13, and the vertical moving plate 17 and the corresponding transverse guide rail 10, longitudinal guide rail 12, and vertical guide rail 16 to drive them to move, and the external driving motors can be selected as high-precision motors such as stepping motors and servo motors, so that the transverse moving plate 11, the longitudinal moving plate 13, and the vertical moving plate 17 can move with higher precision.

[0043] Refer to Figure 3As shown, it is the cutting mechanism 2 for machining workpieces; specifically, the cutting mechanism 2 includes a swing motor 20, a mounting sleeve 21, a main shaft 22, and a cutting tool 23. The swing motor 20 is arranged on one side of the vertical movement plate 17. A mounting sleeve 21 is arranged on the main shaft 22 on one side of the swing motor 20. During the movement of the longitudinal movement plate 13, it can drive the swing motor 20 to move up and down synchronously, that is, at this time, the swing motor 20 moves in the Z-axis direction.

[0044] The main shaft 22 is installed between the mounting sleeves 21, and the cutting tool 23 is installed on the lower side of the main shaft 22. The swing motor 20 drives the mounting sleeves 21 to swing synchronously. Therefore, during the swinging process of the mounting sleeves 21, they can drive the main shaft 22 to swing synchronously. At this time, the main shaft 22 can swing in the B-axis direction, and the main shaft 22 can drive the cutting tool 23 to swing synchronously during the swinging process.

[0045] It should be noted that the swing motor 20 in the above implementation process can be selected as high-precision motors such as stepping motors and servo motors to ensure accuracy.

[0046] Continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown, it includes a rotating member 3. Specifically, a rotating member 3 is arranged at the upper end of the longitudinal movement plate 13, and the fixture 14 is installed on the rotating end of the rotating member 3. That is, the longitudinal movement plate 13 can drive the rotating member 3 to move in the X-axis direction, and the rotating end of the rotating member 3 can drive the fixture 14 to rotate, so that the fixture 14 can drive the workpiece to rotate in the C-axis direction.

[0047] And the rotating member 3 can be selected as high-precision motors such as stepping motors and servo motors to ensure accuracy.

[0048] Combined with the above implementation process, it can be known that the transverse movement plate 11 can drive the upper longitudinal movement plate 13 to move in the Y-axis direction, the longitudinal movement plate 13 can indirectly drive the fixture 14 at its upper end to move in the X-axis direction, the vertical movement plate 17 can indirectly drive the cutting tool 23 to move in the Z-axis direction, the swing motor 20 can indirectly drive the cutting tool 23 to swing in the B-axis direction, and finally the rotating member 3 can drive the fixture 14 to rotate in the C-axis direction.

[0049] Refer to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, it includes a rectangular plate 4, an annular ring 40, a bent plate 41, a support plate 42, a mounting ring 43, and an edge-finding mechanism 5. That is, the rectangular plate 4 is arranged on one side of the vertical movement plate 17 and penetrates through the main body of the swing motor 20. An annular groove with an L-shaped cross-section (not shown in the figure) is opened on one side of the rectangular plate 4. An annular ring 40 with an L-shaped cross-section is rotatably arranged in the annular groove through a scroll spring. That is, when the annular ring 40 is driven by an external force, it can rotate under the limitation of the annular groove.

[0050] On one side of the annular ring 40, there is a bent plate 41. On one side of the bent plate 41, there is a support plate 42. At the end of the support plate 42, there is a mounting ring 43. The axis of the mounting ring 43 corresponds to the axis of the main shaft 22. Inside the mounting ring 43, there is an edge-finding mechanism 5 for edge-finding of the workpiece and the tool 23. The bent plate 41 can support the edge-finding mechanism 5 through the support plate 42 and the mounting ring 43. And at this time, the edge-finding mechanism 5 can be driven by the annular ring 40 through the bent plate 41, the support plate 42 and the mounting ring 43 and rotate along its axis, so that the upper and lower ends of the edge-finding mechanism 5 are turned. The upper end of the edge-finding mechanism 5 is used for edge-finding of the workpiece, and the lower end of the edge-finding mechanism 5 is used for edge-finding and distance measurement of the tool 23.

[0051] Continue to refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, that is, the edge-finding mechanism 5 for edge-finding of the workpiece and the tool 23; specifically, the edge-finding mechanism 5 includes a support cylinder 50, a tapered block 51, a ball 52, a displacement sensor 53, a tapered cylinder 54, a distance sensor 55, a connecting shaft 56, a sensing plate 57, a pushing spring 58, a passive plate 59, a pushing plate 510, a first attaching plate 511 and a second attaching plate 512. The support cylinder 50 is arranged inside the mounting ring 43. The mounting ring 43 is used to support the support cylinder 50, and the support cylinder 50 can indirectly rotate with the annular ring 40 through the mounting ring 43.

[0052] The upper and lower ends of the support cylinder 50 are through. At both ends of the inner diameter of the support cylinder 50, there are symmetrically arranged tapered blocks 51 at the openings. At the end of the tapered block 51, there is a rotating ball 52. And inside the tapered block 51, there is also a receiving groove, and a displacement sensor 53 is arranged in the receiving groove. The tapered core block can move up and down in the support cylinder 50, and can drive the ball 52 to move synchronously during the movement. Further, when the ball 52 contacts the outer side of the workpiece, at this time, the workpiece is driven to move by the transverse moving plate 11 and the longitudinal moving plate 13, while the ball 52 remains relatively stationary. The ball 52 contacts the outer side of the workpiece, and the friction between the workpiece and the outer side of the ball 52 drives the ball 52 to rotate. At this time, the displacement sensor 53 monitors the rotation of the ball 52. At this time, it can be caused that the workpiece contacts the ball 52. When the workpiece moves a certain distance, its outer side no longer contacts the ball 52. At this time, the ball 52 no longer rotates. The displacement sensor 53 knows that the workpiece no longer contacts the ball 52 at this time. By calculating the moving distance of the workpiece, the length or width of one side of the workpiece can be known.

[0053] In the above manner, by driving the workpiece to move and indirectly driving the ball 52 to move in the up and down direction through the vertical moving plate 17, the detection effect of workpieces with various widths and heights can be adapted. Similarly, the rotating member 3 drives the workpiece to rotate through the fixture 14, and the swing motor 20 drives the mounting sleeve 21 to swing, so as to indirectly drive the ball 52 to swing along the axis of the swing motor 20, and the outer contour of workpieces with special shapes can be monitored.

[0054] The displacement sensor 53 mentioned in the above implementation process is a prior art. Its function in this implementation process is to monitor whether the small ball rotates to determine whether the small ball is still in contact with the outer side of the workpiece. Further, since the ball 52 is made of glass, we can utilize this characteristic to replace the conventional displacement sensor 53 with an existing small laser edge finder (such as the laser ranging module of the TFmini series); the small laser edge finder has the characteristics of small volume, can well adapt to the space requirements of this edge finding mechanism 5, and is convenient to install in the receiving groove of the conical block 51.

[0055] The laser emitted by the small laser edge finder can penetrate the glass ball 52 and directly detect the outer contour of the workpiece. When the edge finding mechanism 5 starts to work, the laser beam emitted by the laser edge finder passes through the ball 52 and shoots towards the surface of the workpiece. If the workpiece is within the detection range of the ball 52, the laser beam will be reflected back on the surface of the workpiece and received by the receiver of the laser edge finder.

[0056] The laser edge finder has a precise optical system and signal processing circuit inside, which can accurately judge whether the workpiece is within the detection range and the relative position relationship between the workpiece and the ball 52 according to the characteristics of the reflected laser, such as the intensity, angle, and time of the reflected light, etc.; when the workpiece moves driven by the transverse moving plate 11 and the longitudinal moving plate 13, the laser edge finder continuously monitors the changes in the reflected laser.

[0057] If the workpiece approaches the ball 52, the intensity of the reflected laser will gradually increase. When the laser edge finder detects that the intensity of the reflected light reaches the preset threshold, it can be determined that the workpiece has entered the detection range, which is equivalent to the state where the ball 52 is in contact with the outer side of the workpiece in the traditional method; as the workpiece continues to move, the laser edge finder records the changes in the reflected light in real time. Once the intensity of the reflected light significantly weakens or disappears, it indicates that the workpiece has moved out of the detection range, just like the situation where the outer side of the workpiece is no longer in contact with the ball 52 in the traditional method.

[0058] In this way, by using the laser emitted by the small laser edge finder that can penetrate the glass ball 52, not only the problem of inaccurate detection caused by the ball 52 being in contact with the outer side of the workpiece but not rotating is avoided, but also more accurate and sensitive detection of the outer contour of the workpiece can be achieved.

[0059] Inside the support cylinder 50, there is also a conical cylinder 54 with both ends being through. Two distance sensors 55 are symmetrically arranged inside the conical cylinder 54 in terms of inner diameter. On one side of the conical block 51, there is a connecting shaft 56 with one side extending into the corresponding conical cylinder 54. On one side of the connecting shaft 56, there is a sensing plate 57 located inside the corresponding conical cylinder 54. A pushing spring 58 is arranged between the sensing plate 57 and the distance sensor 55. The distance sensor 55 is an existing device, which can monitor the distance between it and the sensing plate 57 to know the depression or protrusion on the outer side of the workpiece at this time.

[0060] When the ball 52 contacts the outer side of the workpiece, at this time the workpiece moves, and the ball 52 can only monitor the planar length of the workpiece. At this time, when the ball 52 contacts the protruding end on the outer side of the workpiece, it can reversely drive the conical block 51 to move towards the inside of the support cylinder 50, so that the conical block 51 can drive the sensing plate 57 to move towards the corresponding distance sensor 55 through its corresponding connecting shaft 56. At this time, the pushing spring 58 is compressed, and the distance sensor 55 continuously monitors the change in the distance from the sensing plate 57.

[0061] When the sensing plate 57 approaches the distance sensor 55 and the distance between the two decreases, the distance sensor 55 feeds back this distance change information to the control system of the machine tool; it is judged that there is a protruding part on the outer side of the workpiece, and the height and size of the protrusion can be accurately calculated through the value of the distance change.

[0062] On the contrary, when the ball 52 moves to the depression on the outer side of the workpiece, due to the absence of the reverse thrust from the protruding part of the workpiece, the pushing spring 58 will recover its elastic deformation and push the sensing plate 57 away from the distance sensor 55.

[0063] The distance sensor 55 detects that the distance from the sensing plate 57 increases, and also transmits this change information to the control system, judges that there is a depression on the outer side of the workpiece, and calculates the depth and size of the depression.

[0064] When monitoring the outer contour of a workpiece with a special shape, the rotating part 3 drives the workpiece to rotate through the fixture 14, and the swing motor 20 drives the mounting sleeve 21 to swing, indirectly driving the ball 52 to swing along the axis of the swing motor 20; during this process, the small laser edge finder continuously detects the outer contour of the workpiece to determine the approximate position and contour trend of the workpiece; and the cooperation between the distance sensor 55 and the sensing plate 57 can deeply and carefully detect the minute protrusions and depressions on the surface of the workpiece.

[0065] For example, for a workpiece with complex patterns or carvings, a small laser edge finder can quickly outline the overall contour of the workpiece, while the distance sensor 55 can accurately identify the detailed features of the pattern or carving, such as the depth of the lines, the height of the protrusions, etc.; in this way, the edge finding mechanism 5 can comprehensively and accurately obtain the three-dimensional information of the workpiece contour, providing a high-precision reference basis for subsequent processing operations.

[0066] A passive plate 59 is provided on the inner diameter of the annular ring 40, and a pushing plate 510 is provided on one side of the mounting sleeve 21 with one end extending to the bottom of the inner diameter of the annular ring 40 and corresponding to the passive plate 59. A pasting plate 1 511 is provided on the outer side of the annular ring 40, and a pasting plate 2 512 corresponding to the pasting plate 1 511 is provided on the rectangular block 7. That is, when the workpiece is to be measured, the swing motor 20 first drives the mounting sleeve 21 to rotate clockwise, so that the mounting sleeve 21 can drive the pushing plate 510 to contact the passive plate 59, so that the pushing plate 510 contacts the annular ring 40 through the passive plate 59, and drives the annular ring 40 to rotate clockwise. At this time, the corresponding volute spring is compressed until the annular ring 40 drives the ball 52 at the upper end to correspond vertically to the workpiece at the lower end, and then the workpiece and the ball 52 are indirectly driven to correspond together, and at this time the main shaft 22 has been flipped to one side and therefore will not block the distance between the edge-finding mechanism 5 and the workpiece.

[0067] When the detection is completed, the swing motor 20 drives the push plate 510 to move to the initial position, and then the annular ring 40 swings to the initial position under the drive of the corresponding spiral spring, and at this time, the plate 1 511 and the plate 2 512 will contact each other, and the swing angle of the annular ring 40 is limited by the plate 1 511 and the plate 2 512 to prevent the annular ring 40 from swinging at a large angle.

[0068] Continue to refer to Figure 6 As shown, it includes a sliding groove 6, a sliding plate 60 and a reset push spring 61, that is, the support tube 50 is slidably connected to the mounting ring 43, a sliding groove 6 is opened on the outside of the support tube 50, and a sliding plate 60 located in the sliding groove 6 is arranged in the mounting ring 43, and the inner walls on both sides of the sliding groove 6 and one side of the sliding plate 60 are jointly provided with a reset push spring 61, that is, the support tube 50 can move up and down in the mounting ring 43 when driven by external force, and during the movement, the sliding plate 60 can move in the sliding groove 6 and drive the reset push springs 61 on both sides to stretch, and when the support tube 50 is no longer under force, the corresponding reset push spring 61 will drive the support tube 50 to move to the initial position.

[0069] Reference Figure 11As shown, it includes a rectangular block 7 and a contact groove 70. A rectangular block 7 is provided at the upper end of the longitudinal movement plate 13. A contact groove 70 corresponding to the bottom of the support cylinder 50 is formed on the rectangular block 7. When the tool 23 is replaced and the length and cutting end of the tool 23 need to be measured, at this time, the swing motor 20 first indirectly drives the annular ring 40 to rotate 180 degrees, so that one side of the ball 52 of the edge-finding mechanism 5 corresponds to the workpiece at the lower end. Then, the longitudinal movement plate 13 is driven to move, so that the rectangular block 7 and the contact groove 70 on the longitudinal movement plate 13 correspond to the ball 52 at the lower end at this time. Then, the vertical movement plate 17 drives the ball 52 to move into the contact groove 70, and at this time, the outer side of the lower support cylinder 50 contacts the outer side of the contact groove 70. The contact groove 70 indirectly limits the annular ring 40 through the support cylinder 50, that is, at this time, the swing motor 20 drives the main shaft 22 to move to correspond to the longitudinal movement plate 13 through the mounting sleeve 21, and the annular ring 40 still does not rotate.

[0070] At this time, the tool 23 on the main shaft 22 corresponds to the ball 52 on one side of the support cylinder 50. There is a certain distance between the ball 52 and the tool 23. The vertical movement plate 17 moves downward, and then the support cylinder 50 abuts against the contact groove 70, so that the sliding plate 60 moves in the sliding groove 6 on the support cylinder 50, that is, at this time, the support cylinder 50 does not move, but moves closer to the tool tip until the ball 52 contacts the tool tip. The distance sensor 55 detects the movement of the corresponding sensing plate 57 and obtains the length of the tool 23. When the ball 52 contacts the tool tip, the laser beam emitted by the small laser edge finder passes through the glass ball 52 and shoots at the surface of the tool tip. Since the tool tip usually has a relatively complex geometric shape, such as the sharpness of the cutting edge and the curvature of the cutting surface, the laser beam will be reflected to different degrees on the surface of the tool tip.

[0071] The laser edge finder accurately captures the fine features on the surface of the tool tip according to the changes in parameters such as the intensity, angle, and time of the reflected laser. For example, when the laser irradiates the cutting edge of the tool tip, due to the sharpness of the cutting edge, the intensity and angle of the reflected light will change significantly and be fed back to the control system.

[0072] The control system analyzes and processes these feedback data according to the preset algorithms and models. It can compare the contour information of the tool tip with the pre-stored standard tool tip contour to determine whether there are defects such as wear and chipping on the tool tip.

[0073] If there is wear on the tool tip, the parameter changes of the reflected laser will show the degree of passivation of the cutting edge. The control system can calculate the specific wear value, such as an increase in the fillet radius of the cutting edge. Since the tool tip is small, the corresponding laser edge finder does not need to move to measure the contour of the tool tip.

[0074] After the measurement is completed, all components can move to the initial position.

[0075] Embodiment 2: Referring to Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 as shown, on the basis of Embodiment 1, in order to be able to, when a machine tool fails, such as when the feed rate of the cutter 23 driven by the main shaft 22 is too large and a collision occurs between the cutter and the workpiece, if the main shaft 22 still does not stop rotating at this time, it will cause damage to the main shaft 22 and greater potential safety hazards. Therefore, an emergency stop component 8 is provided on the mounting sleeve 21 to enable the device to stop running immediately; specifically, the emergency stop component 8 includes an L-shaped plate 80, an arc-shaped plate 81, an arc-shaped groove 82, a protrusion 83, a guide groove, a support column 84 and a limit ring 85. The L-shaped plate 80 is arranged at the upper end of the mounting sleeve 21, and an arc-shaped plate 81 corresponding to the lower-end ball 52 is arranged on the L-shaped plate 80. The L-shaped plate 80 is used to support the arc-shaped plate 81.

[0076] And an arc-shaped groove 82 is formed in the arc-shaped plate 81, and the corresponding ball 52 can move in the arc-shaped groove 82.

[0077] Several protrusions 83 are arranged in the arc-shaped groove 82 along its extension section, and the lower-end ball 52 corresponds to the middle protrusion 83.

[0078] During the actual working process, when the edge-finding mechanism 5 works normally, the ball 52 contacts and detects the workpiece or the cutter 23, and other components also operate according to their respective functions; at this time, the emergency stop component 8 is in a standby state and does not affect the normal operation of the equipment.

[0079] Once an abnormal situation occurs in the machine tool, such as a collision between the cutter 23 and the workpiece, at the moment of collision, the impact force between the cutter 23 and the workpiece will be transmitted to the ball 52 of the edge-finding mechanism 5.

[0080] Since the ball 52 corresponds to the protrusion 83 on the arc-shaped plate 81, the ball 52 will squeeze the protrusion 83 due to the impact force, and then push the arc-shaped plate 81.

[0081] The arc-shaped plate 81 is connected to the L-shaped plate 80, and the L-shaped plate 80 is fixed to the mounting sleeve 21. Therefore, the movement of the arc-shaped plate 81 will drive the mounting sleeve 21 to have a certain displacement.

[0082] The displacement of the mounting sleeve 21 will cause the limit ring 85 to slide in the guide groove.

[0083] Due to the cooperation of the guide groove and the limit ring 85 having a guiding and limiting effect, they can ensure that the displacement of the mounting sleeve 21 is within a controllable range, and at the same time transmit the displacement information of the mounting sleeve 21 to the control system.

[0084] After receiving this signal, the control system will immediately start the emergency procedure, quickly stop the operation of the swing motor 20, the rotating part 3, and the motors driving the transverse moving plates 11, the longitudinal moving plate 13, and the vertical moving plate 17, so that the entire device stops working, preventing the main shaft 22 from continuing to rotate and causing more serious damage, and ensuring the safety of the equipment.

[0085] After the device stops running, the operator can inspect and repair the equipment according to the actual situation. After troubleshooting, restart the equipment to resume normal operation.

[0086] In this way, the emergency stop component 8 effectively enhances the safety and reliability of the equipment, providing an important guarantee for the stable operation of the machine tool.

[0087] During the left and right swing of the mounting sleeve 21, it will also drive the arc-shaped plate 81 to swing synchronously along the axis of the swing motor 20. That is, at this time, the protrusions 83 on the arc-shaped frame will continuously contact the corresponding ball bearings 52, causing the ball bearings 52 to move up and down continuously. The corresponding distance sensor 55 will sense the continuous movement of the corresponding sensing plate 57. Since the protrusions 83 are distributed at fixed intervals, by knowing how many degrees the swing instruction executed by the swing motor 20 is, and then combining which protrusion 83 the swing motor 20 contacts after executing the swing instruction, it is possible to determine whether the swing angle of the swing motor 20 is normal at this time, preventing the accuracy of the swing motor 20 from being abnormal during long-term use, resulting in the main shaft 22 being unable to be perpendicular to the workpiece.

[0088] Moreover, a guiding groove is provided on one side of the bent plate 41. Symmetrically arranged on one side of the vertical moving plate 17 are support columns 84. A limiting ring 85 that is slidably inserted into the guiding groove is commonly provided on the side of the support columns 84 facing the bent plate 41.

[0089] The support columns 84 are used to support the limiting ring 85, and the limiting ring 85 can limit the bent plate 41 through the guiding groove, preventing the bent plate 41 from being skewed during long-term use, resulting in the edge-finding mechanism 5 being unable to be perpendicular to the workpiece or the tool 23. Then, during the swing of the bent plate 41, the limiting ring 85 can slide synchronously in the guiding groove, avoiding interfering with the swing of the bent plate 41.

[0090] During operation: First step, turn on the CNC milling machine and start the external drive motors, including the motor controlling the transverse moving plate 11, the motor controlling the longitudinal moving plate 13, the motor controlling the vertical moving plate 17, the swing motor 20, and the motor of the rotating part 3, so that each component enters the working preparation state.

[0091] In the second step, the workpiece to be processed is placed on the fixture 14, and the angle of the fixture 14 is adjusted by the rotating member 3 to drive the workpiece to complete the rotation in the C-axis direction to a suitable position to determine the initial processing angle of the workpiece.

[0092] The third step is to start the swing motor 20 to drive the mounting sleeve 21 and the spindle 22 to swing, and adjust the tool 23 to the initial processing angle in the B-axis direction so that the position of the tool 23 meets the workpiece processing requirements.

[0093] In the fourth step, the transverse plate 11 moves along the Y-axis direction under the limitation of the transverse guide rail 10 and driven by an external driving motor, driving the longitudinal plate 13, the fixture 14 and the workpiece to move to a predetermined Y-axis coordinate position.

[0094] In the fifth step, the longitudinal moving plate 13, under the guidance of the longitudinal guide rail 12 and the action of the external drive motor, drives the fixture 14 and the workpiece to move to a suitable X-axis coordinate position along the X-axis direction to complete the positioning of the workpiece in the XY plane.

[0095] In the sixth step, the vertical moving plate 17 drives the cutting mechanism 2 to move along the Z-axis direction under the limit guidance of the vertical guide rail 16 and the drive of the external drive motor, so that the tool 23 is close to the workpiece and adjusted to a suitable starting height for cutting.

[0096] Step 7: Start the edge-finding mechanism 5. The swing motor 20 drives the mounting sleeve 21 to rotate, and drives the annular ring 40 to rotate, so that the ball 52 of the edge-finding mechanism 5 is aligned with the workpiece. The workpiece is moved by the transverse plate 11 and the longitudinal plate 13, and the edge-finding mechanism 5 is driven up and down by the vertical plate 17. The outer contour of the workpiece is detected by the ball 52, the displacement sensor 53, the small laser edge finder and the distance sensor 55 to obtain the workpiece size, shape and other information. If the tool 23 needs to be measured, the edge-finding mechanism 5 is measured by the corresponding operation.

[0097] In the eighth step, after the edge finding measurement is completed, the swing motor 20 drives the mounting sleeve 21 back to the initial position, the annular ring 40 is reset under the action of the scroll spring, and the first plate 511 and the second plate 512 are contacted and limited. Each axis performs the cutting operation in conjunction with the preset processing path and parameters to perform milling processing on the workpiece.

[0098] The ninth step, if the machine tool fails during the processing, such as the tool 23 collides with the workpiece, the emergency stop assembly 8 is activated, and the impact force is transmitted through the ball 52, causing the mounting sleeve 21 to move and the limit ring 85 to slide in the guide groove. After receiving the signal, the control system immediately stops the operation of the swing motor 20, the rotating part 3, and the motors driving the transverse plate 11, the longitudinal plate 13 and the vertical plate 17, and stops the operation of the entire device.

[0099] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, in all respects, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting.

[0100] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative manner of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A five-axis five-linkage RTCP CNC milling machine, comprising a base, characterized in that: A transverse guide rail is arranged at the upper end of the base, a transverse plate is provided on the transverse guide rail for sliding and limiting, a longitudinal guide rail is provided on the upper end of the transverse plate for sliding, a longitudinal plate is provided between the longitudinal guide rails for sliding and limiting, and a fixture for clamping the workpiece is installed on the longitudinal plate; A support frame is also arranged on one side of the base, vertical guide rails are symmetrically arranged on one side of the support frame, a vertical moving plate is slidably arranged between the vertical guide rails, and a cutting mechanism for cutting the workpiece is arranged on one side of the vertical moving plate.

2. A five-axis five-linkage RTCP CNC milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting mechanism comprises a swing motor arranged at one side of the vertical moving plate, a main shaft at one side of the swing motor is provided with a mounting sleeve, the main shaft is installed between the mounting sleeves, and a tool is installed at the lower side of the main shaft.

3. A five-axis five-linkage RTCP CNC milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating piece is arranged on the upper end of the longitudinal moving plate, and the clamp is installed on the rotating end of the rotating piece.

4. The five-axis five-linkage RTCP CNC milling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rectangular plate penetrating the swing motor body is provided on one side of the vertical moving plate, an annular groove with an L-shaped cross-section is provided on one side of the rectangular plate, an annular ring with an L-shaped cross-section is provided in the annular groove through the rotation of a volute spring, a bending plate is provided on one side of the annular ring, a support plate is installed on one side of the bending plate, a mounting ring is provided at the end of the support plate, and an edge-finding mechanism for finding the edge of the workpiece and the tool is installed in the mounting ring.

5. The five-axis five-linkage RTCP CNC milling machine according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The axis center of the mounting ring corresponds to the axis center of the main shaft.

6. The five-axis five-linkage RTCP CNC milling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The edge-finding mechanism includes a support tube arranged in a mounting ring. The upper and lower ends of the support tube are through-shaped. The inner diameter of the support tube is symmetrically provided with conical blocks with openings at both ends. Glass balls are rotated at the ends of the conical blocks, and a receiving groove is also provided inside the conical block, in which a displacement sensor is provided.

7. The five-axis five-linkage RTCP CNC milling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A conical cylinder with through ends is also provided in the support cylinder, and two distance sensors are symmetrically provided on the inner diameter of the conical cylinder. A connecting shaft extending into the corresponding conical cylinder is provided on one side of the conical block, and a sensing plate located in the corresponding conical cylinder is provided on one side of the connecting shaft, and a pushing spring is provided between the sensing plate and the distance sensor.

8. The five-axis five-linkage RTCP CNC milling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: A passive plate is arranged on the inner diameter of the annular ring, a push plate is arranged on one side of the mounting sleeve, one end of the push plate extends below the inner diameter of the annular ring and corresponds to the passive plate, a plate 1 is arranged on the outer side of the annular ring, and a plate 2 corresponding to the plate 1 is arranged on the rectangular block.

9. The five-axis five-linkage RTCP CNC milling machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support tube is slidably connected to the mounting ring, a sliding groove is provided on the outer side of the support tube, a sliding plate located in the sliding groove is provided in the mounting ring, and a return spring is provided on both inner walls of the sliding groove and one side of the sliding plate.

10. The five-axis five-linkage RTCP CNC milling machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: A rectangular block is arranged on the upper end of the longitudinal moving plate, and a contact groove corresponding to the bottom of the supporting tube is opened on the rectangular block.

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