Large metal component surface microgroove structure partition electrolytic machining device and machining method

Abstract

The invention discloses a partitioned electrolytic machining device and a machining method for a micro-groove structure on the surface of a large metal component, relates to the field of machining of the micro-groove structure on the surface of the large metal component, and aims to solve the problem that in the mask electrolytic machining process of the micro-groove of the large metal component, the machining path is too long; the electrolytic machining device comprises a workpiece, an insulating elastic layer, a hollow electrolytic pattern, a metal layer electrode, a power source and a switch. The to-be-machined face of the workpiece is covered with an insulating elastic layer, a hollowed-out electrolysis pattern is arranged on the insulating elastic layer, a plurality of metal layer electrodes are arranged on the insulating elastic layer, the metal layer electrodes are mutually insulated, an anode of the power source is connected with the workpiece, and the metal layer electrodes are sequentially connected with a cathode of the power source through a switch. The problems that in large-area workpiece mask electrolytic machining, electrolytic products block interelectrode gaps, and poor quality is caused are effectively solved, and the mask electrolytic machining method is used for mask electrolytic machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of processing micro-groove structures on the surface of large metal components, and particularly to a device and a method for electrolytic processing of micro-groove structures on the surface of large metal components by partitioning. Background Art

[0002] Processing periodic array micro-groove structures on the surface of metal parts can obtain special surface properties, such as excellent anti-friction properties, surface heat dissipation properties, etc. The special properties of surface micro-groove metal parts play an extremely important role in the industrial field and are widely used. In the above applications, the micro-groove structures on the surface of metal parts usually have the characteristics of small size and large quantity, and their high-efficiency and high-precision processing have always been a processing problem. The mask electrolytic processing technology has the advantages of good surface quality during processing, no cutting force during processing, no heat-affected zone generated, and not being restricted by the mechanical properties of the processed material, etc., and is very suitable for processing micro-structures on the surface of difficult-to-process metal material components.

[0003] However, for large metal components, during the process of mask electrolytic processing of micro-grooves, due to the too long processing path, the bubbles and electrolysis products generated by electrolytic processing are likely to cause clogging phenomena, hindering the normal progress of electrolytic processing and restricting its further application in industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problem that in the existing electrolytic processing method for large metal components, during the process of mask electrolytic processing of micro-grooves, due to the too long processing path, the bubbles and electrolysis products generated by electrolytic processing are likely to cause clogging phenomena, hindering the normal progress of electrolytic processing. Furthermore, a device and a method for electrolytic processing of micro-groove structures on the surface of large metal components by partitioning are provided to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A device for electrolytic processing of micro-groove structures on the surface of large metal components by partitioning includes a workpiece, an insulating elastic layer, a hollowed-out electrolysis pattern, a metal layer electrode, a power supply, and a switch;

[0007] The surface to be processed of the workpiece is covered with an insulating elastic layer, on which a hollowed-out electrolysis pattern is arranged, and a plurality of metal layer electrodes are arranged on the insulating elastic layer. Each metal layer electrode is insulated from each other. The anode of the power supply is connected to the workpiece, and each metal layer electrode is connected to the cathode of the power supply through a switch;

[0008] Furthermore, the metal layer electrode includes a layered electrode I, a layered electrode II, and a layered electrode III; the switch includes a switch I, a switch II, and a switch III;

[0009] Layered electrode I, layered electrode II, and layered electrode III are all disposed above the insulating elastic layer. Layered electrode I is connected to the cathode of the power supply through switch I, layered electrode II is connected to the cathode of the power supply through switch II, and layered electrode III is connected to the cathode of the power supply through switch III.

[0010] Furthermore, the processed surfaces of the metal layer electrodes are all rectangular.

[0011] Furthermore, the metal layer electrodes are arranged in a matrix pattern.

[0012] Furthermore, the metal layer electrodes cover the hollow electrolysis pattern on the insulating elastic layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the gap between adjacent metal layer electrodes is 50 - 200 μm.

[0014] A method for electrolytic machining of surface micro-groove structure partitioning of large metal components, the method comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1, process a hollow electrolysis pattern on the insulating elastic layer, closely attach the insulating elastic layer to the surface of the workpiece to be machined, and flush the surface of the insulating elastic layer with electrolyte;

[0016] Step 2, turn on switch I, turn off switch II and switch III, and use layered electrode I to machine the corresponding area of the workpiece; turn on switch II, turn off switch I and switch III, and use layered electrode II to machine the corresponding area of the workpiece; turn on switch III, turn off switch I and switch II, and use layered electrode III to machine the corresponding area of the workpiece;

[0017] Step 3, repeat Step 2 until the machining is completed, then turn off switch I, switch II, and switch III.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0019] 1. A device for electrolytic machining of surface micro-groove structure partitioning of large metal components, by setting layered electrode I, layered electrode II, and layered electrode II, realizes dividing the machining electrode into different regions. Machining with a single electrode effectively reduces the electrolytic machining area, increases the current density, and improves the surface quality of the machined workpiece.

[0020] 2. Layered electrode I, layered electrode II, and layered electrode III are energized and processed in sequence in a cycle, solving the problems that in mask electrolytic machining, when the electrolyte flow path is relatively long, the outlet part is prone to blockage by bubbles and electrolytic products, and the problem that the uneven distribution of bubbles and electrolytic products in the machining area leads to poor machining accuracy, and improving the surface quality of the electrolytically machined workpiece. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1Schematic structural diagram of an electrolytic machining device for surface micro-groove structure zoning of large metal components;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of a metal layer electrode.

[0023] In the figure: 1, workpiece; 201, insulating elastic layer; 202, hollow electrolytic pattern; 301, layered electrode I; 302, layered electrode II; 303, layered electrode III; 401, switch I; 402, switch II; 403, switch III; 5, power supply. Specific implementation mode

[0024] Specific implementation mode one: Refer to Figure 1-2 As shown, an electrolytic machining device for surface micro-groove structure zoning of large metal components. This implementation mode includes workpiece 1, insulating elastic layer 201, hollow electrolytic pattern 202, metal layer electrode, power supply 5 and switch;

[0025] The surface to be machined of workpiece 1 is covered with insulating elastic layer 201. There is a hollow electrolytic pattern 202 on insulating elastic layer 201. There are multiple metal layer electrodes on insulating elastic layer 201, and each metal layer electrode is insulated from each other. The anode of power supply 5 is connected to workpiece 1, and each metal layer electrode is connected to the cathode of power supply 5 through a switch.

[0026] Specific implementation mode two: Refer to Figure 1-2 As shown, the metal layer electrode in this implementation mode includes layered electrode I 301, layered electrode II 302 and layered electrode III 303; the switch includes switch I 401, switch II 402 and switch III 403;

[0027] Layered electrode I 301, layered electrode II 302 and layered electrode III 303 are all arranged at the upper end of insulating elastic layer 201. Layered electrode I 301 is connected to the cathode of power supply 5 through switch I 401, layered electrode II 302 is connected to the cathode of power supply 5 through switch II 402, and layered electrode III 303 is connected to the cathode of power supply 5 through switch III 403.

[0028] Furthermore, by setting layered electrode I 301, layered electrode II 302 and layered electrode II 302, the processing electrode is divided into different regions. Using a single electrode for machining effectively reduces the electrolytic machining area, increases the current density, and improves the surface quality of the machined workpiece. Layered electrode I 301, layered electrode II 302 and layered electrode III 303 are energized and processed in sequence, solving the problems that bubbles and electrolytic products are prone to blockage at the electrolyte outlet part in mask electrolytic machining, and solving the problem of poor machining accuracy caused by uneven distribution of bubbles and electrolytic products in the machining area, improving the surface quality of the electrolytically machined workpiece.

[0029] Specific Embodiment 3: Refer to Figure 1-2 As shown, the processed surfaces of the metal layer electrodes in this embodiment are all rectangular.

[0030] Specific Embodiment 4: Refer to Figure 1-2 As shown, the metal layer electrodes in this embodiment are arranged in a matrix manner.

[0031] Specific Embodiment 5: Refer to Figure 1-2 As shown, the metal layer electrodes in this embodiment cover the hollow electrolysis pattern 202 on the insulating elastic layer 201.

[0032] Specific Embodiment 6: Refer to Figure 1-2 As shown, the gap between adjacent metal layer electrodes in this embodiment is 50 - 200 μm.

[0033] Specific Embodiment 7: Refer to Figure 1-2 As shown, a method for electrochemical machining of micro - groove structure zoning on the surface of a large - scale metal component, the method includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Process a hollow electrolysis pattern 202 on the insulating elastic layer 201, closely attach the insulating elastic layer 201 to the surface to be machined of the workpiece 1. Above the insulating elastic layer is a layered electrode, the layered electrode presses the insulating elastic layer, and use electrolyte to wash along the inter - electrode gap, and the inter - electrode gap is the gap between the layered electrode and the workpiece;

[0035] Step 2: Turn on switch Ⅰ401, turn off switch Ⅱ402 and switch Ⅲ403, and use the layered electrode Ⅰ301 to machine the corresponding area of the workpiece 1; turn on switch Ⅱ402, turn off switch Ⅰ401 and switch Ⅲ403, and use the layered electrode Ⅱ302 to machine the corresponding area of the workpiece 1; turn on switch Ⅲ403, turn off switch Ⅰ401 and switch Ⅱ402, and use the layered electrode Ⅲ303 to machine the corresponding area of the workpiece 1;

[0036] Step 3: Repeat Step 2 until the machining is completed, then turn off switch Ⅰ401, switch Ⅱ402 and switch Ⅲ403.

[0037] The energization time of the layered electrode Ⅰ301, the layered electrode Ⅱ302 and the layered electrode Ⅲ303 is separately controlled by switch Ⅰ401, switch Ⅱ402 and switch Ⅲ403. Without changing the current, the current density is affected by the area of the hollow structure. During machining, the machining time can be controlled according to the complexity of the hollow structure in the corresponding machining area, and on the premise of meeting the surface quality of the workpiece, the machining efficiency can be improved.

[0038] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for electrolytic processing of micro-grooved structures on the surface of large metal components, characterized in that: It comprises a workpiece (1), an insulating elastic layer (201), a hollow electrolytic pattern (202), a metal layer electrode, a power source (5) and a switch; The surface to be processed of the workpiece (1) is covered with an insulating elastic layer (201), a hollow electrolytic pattern (202) is provided on the insulating elastic layer (201), a plurality of metal layer electrodes are provided on the insulating elastic layer (201), each metal layer electrode is insulated from each other, the anode of the power source (5) is connected to the workpiece (1), and each metal layer electrode is connected to the cathode of the power source (5) through a switch.

2. The device for electrolytic machining of micro-groove structures on the surface of large metal components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal layer electrodes include a layered electrode I (301), a layered electrode II (302) and a layered electrode III (303); the switches include a switch I (401), a switch II (402) and a switch III (403); The layered electrode I (301), the layered electrode II (302) and the layered electrode III (303) are all arranged above the insulating elastic layer (201); the layered electrode I (301) is connected to the cathode of the power source (5) through the switch I (401); the layered electrode II (302) is connected to the cathode of the power source (5) through the switch II (402); and the layered electrode III (303) is connected to the cathode of the power source (5) through the switch III (403).

3. The device for electrolytic machining of micro-groove structures on the surface of large metal components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processed surfaces of the metal layer electrodes are all rectangular.

4. The device for electrolytic machining of micro-groove structures on the surface of large metal components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal layer electrodes are arranged in a matrix.

5. The device for electrolytic machining of micro-groove structures on the surface of large metal components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal layer electrode covers the hollow electrolytic pattern (202) on the insulating elastic layer (201).

6. The device for electrolytic machining of micro-groove structures on the surface of large metal components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between adjacent metal layer electrodes is 50-200 μm.

7. A processing method using the large metal component surface micro-groove structure partition electrolytic processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Processing the insulating elastic layer (201) into a hollow electrolytic pattern (202), closely attaching the insulating elastic layer (201) to the surface to be processed of the workpiece (1), and flushing along the inter-electrode gap with an electrolyte, where the inter-electrode gap is the gap between the layered electrode and the workpiece; Step 2: Turn on switch I (401), turn off switch II (402) and switch III (403), and use layered electrode I (301) to process the corresponding area of ​​the workpiece (1); turn on switch II (402), turn off switch I (401) and switch III (403), and use layered electrode II (302) to process the corresponding area of ​​the workpiece (1); turn on switch III (403), turn off switch I (401) and switch II (402), and use layered electrode III (303) to process the corresponding area of ​​the workpiece (1); Step 3, loop step 2 until the processing is completed and then disconnect switch I (401), switch II (402) and switch III (403).

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