Welding arc suppression method and device and storage medium

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of automatic welding, and relates to a welding arc suppression method and device and a storage medium. Selecting balling parameters according to the welding conditions; executing first welding operation on the welding wire according to the balling parameters; the welding state of the welding wire is obtained; and second welding operation is executed on the welding wire according to the welding state. According to the welding arc suppression method and device and the storage medium, the problem that after arc suppression, the small balls at the end of the welding wire are inconsistent in size, so that next-time arc starting fails or the welding wire is broken is solved, and then next-time stable arc starting and consistent welding seam quality are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automated welding, and particularly to a welding arc ending method, device, and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In the field of automated welding, the reliability of arc starting greatly affects the welding efficiency. Through a large number of experiments, it is found that the size of the small ball at the end of the welding wire after arc ending affects the success rate of the next welding arc starting and the amount of arc starting spatter, specifically divided into two cases: one is that the small ball at the end of the welding wire is very small after arc ending, and the oxides formed after welding are likely to accumulate at the bottom of the end of the welding wire, resulting in difficult arc starting due to the poor conductivity of the oxides during the next arc starting; the other is that the small ball at the end of the welding wire is very large after arc ending, and the contact resistance between the end of the welding wire and the workpiece to be welded is lower than the contact resistance between the welding wire and the contact tip during the next arc starting, resulting in the welding wire exploding at the contact tip, forming large particle spatter and adhering around the weld, increasing the later cleaning cost of the workpiece. In addition, for the spot welding situation with a short welding time, due to the breakage of the welding wire, the size of the weld will be inconsistent, seriously affecting the welding quality, so improvement is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a welding arc ending method, device, and storage medium.

[0004] Specifically, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a welding arc ending method, the method including the steps of:

[0006] Obtain the welding conditions of the welding wire;

[0007] Select the balling parameters according to the welding conditions;

[0008] Perform a first welding operation on the welding wire according to the balling parameters;

[0009] Obtain the welding state of the welding wire;

[0010] Perform a second welding operation on the welding wire according to the welding state.

[0011] Optionally, the obtaining the welding conditions of the welding wire includes the steps of:

[0012] Obtain the material of the welding wire;

[0013] Obtain the size of the welding wire;

[0014] Obtain the composition of the shielding gas of the welding wire.

[0015] Optionally, the selecting the balling parameters according to the welding conditions includes the steps of:

[0016] Obtain a preset catenary database;

[0017] Retrieve the catenary database;

[0018] Select the catenary parameters corresponding to the welding conditions.

[0019] Optionally, the step of selecting the catenary parameters corresponding to the welding conditions includes:

[0020] Select the wire drawing speed corresponding to the welding conditions;

[0021] Select the catenary current corresponding to the welding conditions;

[0022] Select the catenary voltage corresponding to the welding conditions.

[0023] Optionally, the step of obtaining the welding state of the welding wire includes:

[0024] Obtain the droplet transfer state of the welding wire.

[0025] Optionally, the step of performing a second welding operation on the welding wire according to the welding state includes:

[0026] Judge whether the welding wire is short-circuited;

[0027] If so, retract the welding wire and count the arcing time;

[0028] If not, maintain the current state;

[0029] Judge whether the welding wire is short-circuited again;

[0030] If so, clear the arcing time;

[0031] If not, judge whether the arcing time reaches a preset value;

[0032] If so, extinguish the arc of the welding wire and stop wire feeding;

[0033] If not, maintain the current state.

[0034] According to the second aspect of the present invention, a welding arc extinguishing device is provided, including:

[0035] A condition acquisition module for acquiring the welding conditions of the welding wire;

[0036] A parameter selection module for selecting catenary parameters according to the welding conditions;

[0037] A first welding module for performing a first welding operation on the welding wire according to the catenary parameters;

[0038] A state acquisition module for acquiring the welding state of the welding wire;

[0039] A second welding module for performing a second welding operation on the welding wire according to the welding state.

[0040] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the steps of the method described in any one of the foregoing are implemented.

[0041] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer program product including a computer program / computer executable instructions. When the computer program / computer executable instructions are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the steps of the method described in any one of the foregoing are implemented.

[0042] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in any one of the foregoing are implemented.

[0043] The technical solution provided by the present invention at least brings the following beneficial effects:

[0044] A welding arc extinguishing method provided by the present application includes: 1. ensuring that the diameters of the arc extinguishing balls are consistent; 2. preventing arc starting explosion, breakage, and spattering caused by over-large balls and arc starting failure caused by over-small balls; 3. ensuring the consistency of the weld seams of short-time spot welding. Through two-stage energy gradient control, 90% of the ball size control is completed in the main forming stage, and the remaining error is eliminated through sub-microsecond response (<500 μs) in the correction stage, so that the control accuracy reaches ±0.05 mm, fundamentally solving the process defect problem caused by unstable arc extinguishing quality in traditional welding. Description of the Drawings

[0045] The drawings here are incorporated into the description and form a part of this description, showing embodiments consistent with the present invention and used together with the description to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or related technologies. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0047] Figure 1 A flowchart showing a welding arc extinguishing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 A structural diagram showing a welding arc extinguishing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a storage medium provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the welding time of a welding arc extinguishing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 Physical effect diagram of the welding arc extinguishing before optimization provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 Physical effect diagram of the optimized welding arc extinguishing provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 1 Schematically shows a flowchart of a welding arc extinguishing method applicable to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] See Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a welding arc extinguishing method, which can be applied to electronic devices such as PCs, servers, terminals, etc. The method may include the following steps:

[0057] S1: Obtain the welding conditions of the welding wire;

[0058] Exemplarily, the obtaining of the welding conditions of the welding wire includes the steps of:

[0059] 1. Obtain the material of the welding wire;

[0060] 2. Obtain the size of the welding wire;

[0061] 3. Obtain the composition of the shielding gas of the welding wire.

[0062] In the embodiments of the present application, the welding conditions of the welding wire mainly include: the type of the welding wire material, the size and diameter of the welding wire, and the composition of the shielding gas (the composition components and the proportion of each component).

[0063] S2: Select the balling parameters according to the welding conditions;

[0064] Exemplarily, the step of selecting the ball-catching parameters according to the welding conditions includes:

[0065] Obtain a pre-set ball-catching database;

[0066] Retrieve the ball-catching database;

[0067] Select the ball-catching parameters corresponding to the welding conditions.

[0068] In the embodiments of the present application, each type of welding machine is not applicable to all welding wires and welding conditions. That is to say, the ball-catching parameters that each welding machine can provide correspond to the welding conditions, and this corresponding relationship is stored in the database set on the welding machine. When the welding conditions of the welding wire have been obtained, the applicable ball-catching parameters of this welding machine can be searched for in the database.

[0069] Exemplarily, the step of selecting the ball-catching parameters corresponding to the welding conditions includes:

[0070] Select the wire feeding speed corresponding to the welding conditions;

[0071] Select the ball-catching current corresponding to the welding conditions;

[0072] Select the ball-catching voltage corresponding to the welding conditions.

[0073] In the embodiments of the present application, as Figure 5 shown, at the moment of t_start, the welding machine enters the ball-catching stage. At this time, since the welding conditions are known, the pre-set wire feeding speed V_i, ball-catching current I_ball, and ball-catching voltage U_ball corresponding to the welding conditions can be obtained from the database.

[0074] S3: Perform a first welding operation on the welding wire according to the ball-catching parameters;

[0075] In the embodiments of the present application, as Figure 5 shown, the wire feeder feeds the wire forward at a fixed wire feeding speed V_i, and the welding machine starts welding the welding wire with a fixed ball-catching current I_ball and ball-catching voltage U_ball.

[0076] In step S3, through the first welding operation under fixed parameters, this step constructs a highly repeatable molten pool dynamics foundation, provides an ideal initial condition for the subsequent dynamic correction in the second stage, and fundamentally solves the problem of out-of-control ball-catching size caused by parameter fluctuations in the traditional arc extinguishing process. The technological innovation points of step S3 include:

[0077] Parameter decoupling and locking mechanism: Convert the wire feeding speed, current, and voltage from dynamic variables into fixed parameters, eliminate the non-linear disturbance caused by multi-variable coupling, and improve the system stability by 5 times.

[0078] S4: Obtain the welding state of the welding wire;

[0079] Exemplarily, the obtaining the welding state of the welding wire includes the steps of:

[0080] Obtain the droplet transfer state of the welding wire.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, as Figure 5 shown, after the t_start moment, the welding machine monitors the droplet transfer state of the welding wire.

[0082] S5: Perform a second welding operation on the welding wire according to the welding state.

[0083] Exemplarily, the performing a second welding operation on the welding wire according to the welding state includes the steps of:

[0084] Judge whether the welding wire is short-circuited;

[0085] If so, retract the welding wire and count the arcing time;

[0086] If not, maintain the current state;

[0087] Judge whether the welding wire is short-circuited again;

[0088] If so, clear the arcing time;

[0089] If not, judge whether the arcing time reaches a preset value;

[0090] If so, extinguish the arc of the welding wire and stop wire feeding;

[0091] If not, maintain the current state.

[0092] In the embodiment of the present application, when the first short circuit of the welding wire is detected (such as Figure 5 the t_pull moment in), the wire feeder starts to retract the welding wire at the V_ball speed and starts to count the arcing time of the welding wire; after the t_pull moment, if the welding wire is detected to be short-circuited again, the arcing count value is cleared; when the arcing count value reaches the preset value T_ball, the arc is immediately extinguished and the wire feeder is stopped.

[0093] Through precise secondary welding operation in step S5, this step realizes the closed-loop control of the arc extinguishing process, strictly constrains the balling size within the ideal range, and fundamentally solves the process defect problem caused by energy out-of-control.

[0094] In summary, in steps S2 - S5, the arc starting process is repeatedly tested. On the premise that no arc starting failure or wire explosion occurs, the appropriate parameter values of \(V_i\), \(I_{ball}\), \(U_{ball}\), \(V_{ball}\), and \(T_{ball}\) are matched to achieve a high arc starting success rate for welding. The balling current \(I_{ball}\), balling voltage \(U_{ball}\), balling time \(T_{ball}\), and wire drawing speed \(V_{ball}\) obtained from the above steps can obtain corresponding data through multiple tests under different welding conditions and be written into the database stored in the memory.

[0095] Example 1

[0096] This case provides a method for welding arc termination, including the following:

[0097] Step 1: Select a welding wire with the brand ER50 - 6 and a diameter of 0.8 mm. The shielding gas is a mixed gas of 80% Ar and 20% CO 2 , with a gas flow rate of 15 L / min and an arbitrary welding current;

[0098] Step 2: As shown in Figure 5 , at the \(t_{start}\) moment, the welding machine enters the balling stage and feeds the wire forward at a fixed wire feeding speed \(V_i\) of 4 - 6 m / min. The balling current \(I_{ball}\) is set to 80 - 100 A and the balling voltage \(U_{ball}\) is 14 - 18 V. The welding machine starts welding with the balling current \(I_{ball}\) and the balling voltage \(U_{ball}\);

[0099] Step 3: After the \(t_{start}\) moment, the welding machine monitors the droplet transfer state. When a short circuit is detected once (such as \(t_{pull}\) in Figure 5 ), the wire feeder starts to retract at a speed of \(V_{ball}\) of 6 - 8 m / min and starts to count the arcing time;

[0100] Step 4: After the \(t_{pull}\) moment, if a short circuit is detected again, the arcing count value is cleared;

[0101] Step 5: When the arcing count value reaches \(T_{ball}\) of 30 - 50 ms, the arc is immediately extinguished and the wire feeder is stopped;

[0102] Step 6: In steps 2 - 5, the arc starting process is repeatedly tested. On the premise that no arc starting failure or wire explosion occurs, the appropriate parameter values of \(V_i\), \(I_{ball}\), \(U_{ball}\), \(V_{ball}\), and \(T_{ball}\) are matched to achieve a high arc starting success rate for welding.

[0103] Example 2

[0104] This case provides a method for welding arc termination, including the following:

[0105] Step 1: Select a welding wire with a grade of ER50-6 and a diameter of 1.0 mm. The shielding gas is 100% CO 2 , the gas flow rate is 15 L / min, and the welding current can be of any magnitude;

[0106] Step 2: As Figure 5 shown, at the t_start moment, the welding machine enters the balling stage, feeds the wire forward at a fixed wire feeding speed Vi of 3 - 6 m / min, sets the balling current I_ball to 100 - 130 A and the balling voltage U_ball to 19 - 24 V, and the welding machine starts welding with the balling current I_ball and the balling voltage U_ball;

[0107] Step 3: After the t_start moment, the welding machine monitors the droplet transfer state. When a short circuit is detected once (such as Figure 5 t_pull in), the wire feeder starts to retract at a speed of V_ball of 5 - 7 m / min and starts to count the arc-on time;

[0108] Step 4: After the t_pull moment, if a short circuit is detected again, the arc-on count value is cleared;

[0109] Step 5: When the arc-on count value reaches T_ball of 30 - 50 ms, immediately extinguish the arc and stop the wire feeder;

[0110] Step 6: In Steps 2 - 5, repeatedly test the arc-starting process. On the premise of no arc-starting failure or wire explosion, match appropriate parameter values of Vi, I_ball, U_ball, V_ball, and T_ball to achieve a high arc-starting success rate for welding.

[0111] Example 3

[0112] This case provides a welding arc-ending method including the following:

[0113] Step 1: Select a welding wire with a grade of ER50-6 and a diameter of 1.2 mm. The shielding gas is a mixed gas of 80% Ar and 20% CO 2 , the gas flow rate is 15 L / min, and the welding current can be of any magnitude;

[0114] Step 2: As Figure 5 shown, at the t_start moment, the welding machine enters the balling stage, feeds the wire forward at a fixed wire feeding speed Vi of 2 - 4 m / min, sets the balling current I_ball to 100 - 120 A and the balling voltage U_ball to 19 - 22 V, and the welding machine starts welding with the balling current I_ball and the balling voltage U_ball;

[0115] Step 3: After the t_start moment, the welding machine monitors the droplet transfer state. When a short circuit is detected once (such as Figure 5 t_pull in

[0116] ), the wire feeder starts to retract at a speed of V_ball of 4 - 6 m / min and starts to count the arc-on time;

[0117] Step 4: After the t_pull moment, if a short circuit is detected again, the arc-on count value is cleared;

[0118] Step 5: When the arc-on count value reaches T_ball of 30 - 50 ms, the arc is immediately extinguished and the wire feeder is stopped;

[0119] The performance tests are carried out on Examples 1 to 3, and the test results are shown in Table 1:

[0120] Table 1

[0121]

[0122] As can be seen from Table 1, the optimization effects of the welding arc extinguishing method provided by this application include: 1. The arc extinguishing stability is significantly improved: After optimization, the range of the arc extinguishing small ball diameters in all examples is greatly reduced, and the difference between the minimum value and the maximum value is reduced from the original 1.42 - 1.72 mm to 0.05 - 0.13 mm, indicating that the molten pool control is more precise. The variance of the small ball diameters is all lower than 0.002 after optimization, far lower than 0.165 - 0.3528 of the control group, indicating that the heat input and the distribution of the filler material in the arc extinguishing stage are more uniform. 2. The arc starting success rate is breakthrough optimized: The arc starting success rates of all examples exceed 98%, which is 8 - 18% higher than that before optimization.

[0123] As Figure 2 , this application provides a welding arc extinguishing device, including:

[0124] A condition acquisition module 10, configured to acquire the welding conditions of the welding wire;

[0125] A parameter selection module 20, configured to select the ball forming parameters according to the welding conditions;

[0126] A first welding module 30, configured to perform a first welding operation on the welding wire according to the ball forming parameters;

[0127] A state acquisition module 40, configured to acquire the welding state of the welding wire;

[0128] The second welding module 50 is used to perform a second welding operation on the welding wire according to the welding state.

[0129] The present application provides a wire welding device that can execute a welding arc extinguishing method provided in the above steps.

[0130] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device 100 involved in the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The electronic device may be a mobile terminal (such as a portable computer) or a fixed terminal (such as a desktop computer). It should be noted that the structure shown in the figure is only for exemplary presentation and does not limit the technical scope of the present disclosure.

[0131] like Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 100 includes a core processing module and a storage module interconnected by a bus 104: the processing device 101 (such as a central processing unit) realizes data processing by executing a fixed program in a read-only memory (ROM) 102 or a dynamic program loaded by a storage device 108 to a random access memory (RAM) 103; RAM 103 also stores program instructions and temporary data required for system operation. The input / output (I / O) interface 105 is connected to the bus 104 and supports the expansion of the following peripheral devices:

[0132] Input device 106: interactive devices such as touch screen, keyboard, image sensor, etc.

[0133] Output device 107: feedback device such as display, audio module, vibrator, etc.

[0134] Storage device 108: local hard disk or network storage server.

[0135] Communication device 109: wired / wireless communication module, used for data exchange between devices.

[0136] It should be emphasized that the above components can be flexibly configured according to specific needs during actual implementation, which can not only simplify non-essential modules but also expand other functional units. This modular design ensures the universality and customizability of the device architecture.

[0137] In particular, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the process described above with reference to the flowchart can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, and the computer program contains program code for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from the network through the communication device 109, or installed from the storage device 108, or installed from the ROM 102. When the computer program is executed by the processing device 101, the above-mentioned functions defined in the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure are executed.

[0138] Refer to the following Figure 4 , which shows a schematic structural diagram of a computer-readable storage medium suitable for implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it can implement the welding arc extinguishing method described in any one of the above.

[0139] The present application also provides a computer program product. It includes a computer program / computer executable instructions, and when the computer program / computer executable instructions are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the steps of the welding arc extinguishing method described in any one of the foregoing are implemented.

[0140] The welding arc extinguishing method, device and storage medium provided by the present application solve the problem that the size of the small ball at the end of the welding wire is inconsistent after arc extinguishing, resulting in the failure of the next arc starting or the explosion and breakage of the welding wire, and further realize the stable arc starting and consistent weld quality for the next time.

[0141] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0142] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein. It should be understood that the above specific embodiments of the present invention are only used for illustrative explanation or interpretation of the principles of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the appended claims of the present invention are intended to cover all changes and modification examples falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A welding arc quenching method, characterized in that: The method comprises the steps of: Obtain welding conditions of welding wire; Selecting balling parameters according to the welding conditions; performing a first welding operation on the welding wire according to the balling parameters; Acquiring the welding state of the welding wire; A second welding operation is performed on the welding wire according to the welding state.

2. The welding arc closure method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the welding conditions of the welding wire comprises the following steps: Obtaining the material of the welding wire; Obtaining the size of the welding wire; The shielding gas composition of the welding wire is obtained.

3. The welding arc closure method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of selecting the balling parameters according to the welding conditions comprises the following steps: Get the preset knot database; Retrieving the nodulation database; The balling parameters corresponding to the welding conditions are selected.

4. The welding arc closure method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of selecting the balling parameters corresponding to the welding conditions comprises the following steps: Selecting a wire drawing speed corresponding to the welding conditions; Selecting a balling current corresponding to the welding condition; The balling voltage corresponding to the welding conditions is selected.

5. The welding arc closure method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the welding state of the welding wire comprises the following steps: The droplet transfer state of the welding wire is obtained.

6. The welding arc closure method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The performing a second welding operation on the welding wire according to the welding state comprises the steps of: Determining whether the welding wire is short-circuited; If yes, retract the welding wire and count the arcing time; If not, keep the current state; Determining whether the welding wire is short-circuited again; If so, clear the arcing time; If not, determining whether the arcing time reaches a preset value; If yes, extinguish the welding wire and stop feeding the wire; If not, keep the current state.

7. A welding arc closure device, characterized in that: include: A condition acquisition module, used to acquire welding conditions of welding wire; A parameter selection module, used for selecting balling parameters according to the welding conditions; A first welding module, configured to perform a first welding operation on the welding wire according to the balling parameters; A state acquisition module, used for acquiring the welding state of the welding wire; The second welding module is used to perform a second welding operation on the welding wire according to the welding state.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

9. A computer program product comprising a computer program / computer executable instructions, characterized in that: When the computer program / computer executable instructions are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

10. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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