Insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composition of explosives or heat agents and manufacturing of the composition, and particularly discloses insensitive oxygen candlestick powder and a preparation method and application of the insensitive oxygen candlestick powder. 15%-42% of a main oxidant; 5%-14% of an auxiliary oxidant; 25%-70% of a sensitizer; wherein the sensibility reducing agent is one of corresponding oxides, carbides, nitrides and metal salts of the simple substance fuel; the simple substance fuel, the main oxidizing agent, the auxiliary oxidizing agent and the sensibility reducing agent are mixed in a mixing machine, and the insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder is obtained. The insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder is pressed on the oxygen candle oxygen production grain through a casting and pressing integrated forming technology, and an oxygen candle grain is obtained; according to the insensitive oxygen candlestick powder, the sensitizer with the same metal element as the elemental fuel is used for coating, so that the oxygen candlestick powder is insensitive and high in safety; according to the oxygen candle grain, an adhesive is omitted, ignition powder is not prone to debonding, and the bonding strength and safety are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of compositions of explosives or thermites and their manufacturing, and particularly relates to a desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge and its preparation method and application. Background Art

[0002] An oxygen candle (solid chemical oxygen generator) is an emergency oxygen supply equipment developed based on the principle that a heat decomposition reaction of a chlorate rich in oxygen releases oxygen; its advantages are: small volume, light weight, safe and reliable under normal pressure, maintenance-free, simple operation, etc. As a life-saving emergency oxygen supply device, oxygen candles are now widely used in fields such as aerospace, ships and vessels, mines, and various disaster self-rescue.

[0003] The existing oxygen candle ignition charge components generally include 5 to 7 kinds and are in two formulations. The two formulations are respectively coated on the oxygen-producing medicine column by the manual smearing ignition agent process. The process consistency is poor, the ignition agent is prone to de-bonding, and the de-bonding rate is 1% to 3%. The de-bonded ignition charge cannot be fixed in place easily, which can easily cause safety problems; moreover, the existing oxygen candle ignition charge is sensitive and has low safety. Therefore, only an adhesive can be used to bond the ignition charge to the oxygen-producing medicine column to prepare the oxygen candle medicine column, and the ignition charge is prone to de-bonding; and currently, the ignition charge is smeared on the oxygen-producing medicine column by a manual smearing method, and the operation is not safe. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the first object of the present invention is to provide a desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge, which is coated with a desensitizer having the same metal element as the elemental fuel to desensitize the oxygen candle ignition charge and has high safety.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the above-mentioned desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge.

[0006] The third object of the present invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge, including a casting and pressing integrated forming process with a large pressing pressure to press the desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge onto the oxygen candle oxygen-producing medicine column to prepare the oxygen candle medicine column; the adhesive is eliminated in this oxygen candle medicine column, the ignition charge is not prone to de-bonding, and the bonding strength and safety are improved.

[0007] The first technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge, comprising the following components by mass percentage:

[0008] Elemental fuel: 10% - 25%;

[0009] Main oxidizer: 15% - 42%;

[0010] Auxiliary oxidizer: 5% - 14%;

[0011] Desensitizer: 25% - 70%;

[0012] Among them, the desensitizer is one of the corresponding oxides, carbides, nitrides, and metal salts of the elemental fuel.

[0013] Preferably, the elemental fuel includes one of silicon, titanium, iron, boron, manganese, aluminum, magnesium, tin, cobalt, zinc, and nickel elemental substances.

[0014] Preferably, the main oxidizer is sodium chlorate.

[0015] Preferably, the secondary oxidizer is potassium perchlorate.

[0016] Preferably, the particle size of the desensitizer is 1 μm to 20 μm.

[0017] Preferably, the desensitizer includes one of the corresponding oxides, carbides, nitrides, and metal salts of silicon, titanium, iron, boron, manganese, aluminum, magnesium, tin, cobalt, zinc, and nickel.

[0018] The second technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A preparation method of the insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder as described in the first technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1: Weigh the elemental fuel, main oxidizer, secondary oxidizer, and desensitizer according to the mass percentages of the raw materials;

[0020] S2: Mix the elemental fuel, main oxidizer, secondary oxidizer, and desensitizer in a mixer to obtain the insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder.

[0021] Preferably, the elemental fuel, main oxidizer, secondary oxidizer, and desensitizer are mixed in the mixer for 1 hour.

[0022] The third technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An application of the insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder as described in the first technical solution, including: pressing the insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder onto the oxygen candle oxygen - generating medicine column through the casting and pressing integrated forming technology to obtain the oxygen candle medicine column.

[0023] Preferably, the mass ratio of the insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder to the oxygen candle oxygen - generating medicine column in the oxygen candle medicine column is: 0.8 g to 1.5 g: 100 - 150 g.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the above - mentioned technical solutions:

[0025] (1) There are only 4 components in the insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder provided by the present invention. The desensitizer with the same metal element as the elemental fuel is used for coating to make the oxygen candle ignition powder insensitive, with high safety.

[0026] (2) The present invention uses a desensitizer to coat the elemental fuel, the main oxidizer, and the auxiliary oxidizer, making the ignition composition of the oxygen candle desensitized, with high safety, and suitable for the integrated casting and pressing process with a large pressing pressure; the present invention adopts the integrated casting and pressing process with a large pressing pressure to press the desensitized ignition composition of the oxygen candle onto the oxygen-producing medicine column of the oxygen candle to prepare the oxygen candle medicine column. This oxygen candle medicine column eliminates the binder, and the ignition composition is not easily debonded, improving the bonding strength, safety, and ignition ability. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of a desensitized ignition composition for an oxygen candle provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several variations and improvements can also be made, which should also be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] The content not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.

[0030] The present invention discloses a desensitized ignition composition for an oxygen candle, which includes the following components by mass percentage:

[0031] Elemental fuel: 10% - 25%;

[0032] Main oxidizer: 15% - 42%;

[0033] Auxiliary oxidizer: 5% - 14%;

[0034] Desensitizer: 25% - 70%.

[0035] Among them, the elemental fuel includes one of silicon, titanium, iron, boron, manganese, aluminum, magnesium, tin, cobalt, zinc, and nickel;

[0036] The main oxidizer is sodium chlorate;

[0037] The auxiliary oxidizer is potassium perchlorate;

[0038] The desensitizer includes one of the corresponding oxides, carbides, nitrides, and metal salts of the elemental fuels such as silicon, titanium, iron, boron, manganese, aluminum, magnesium, tin, cobalt, zinc, and nickel; the particle size range of the desensitizer is 1 μm - 20 μm. By selecting a large amount (25% - 70%) of small-particle-size (1 μm - 20 μm) desensitizer, the elemental fuel, the main oxidizer, and the auxiliary oxidizer are dispersed and wrapped in a mixer to realize the coating of the desensitizer on the elemental fuel, the main oxidizer, and the auxiliary oxidizer.

[0039] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the present invention also discloses a preparation method of a desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1: Weigh the elemental fuel, main oxidizer, secondary oxidizer and desensitizer according to the mass percentage of the raw materials;

[0041] S2: Mix the elemental fuel, main oxidizer, secondary oxidizer and desensitizer in a mixer for 1 hour to obtain the desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge.

[0042] As Figure 1 shown in the figure, the present invention also discloses an application of the desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge, including pouring the gas-generating charge into the cavity of the pressing die and pre-pressing it into shape by a 200-ton press to obtain the oxygen candle oxygen-generating charge column; then continuing to pour the desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge and performing secondary casting and pressing by a 200-ton press, and demolding to form the oxygen candle charge column; that is, the desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge is pressed onto the oxygen candle oxygen-generating charge column (i.e., the oxygen candle gas-generating charge column) through the integrated casting and pressing forming technology to obtain the oxygen candle charge column (i.e., the oxygen candle charge column includes the oxygen candle oxygen-generating charge column and the desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge); wherein, the pressure of the press is 90 kg / cm 2 , the pressure holding time is 5 min, and the mass ratio of the desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge to the oxygen candle oxygen-generating charge column in the oxygen candle charge column is: 0.8 g - 1.5 g: 100 - 150 g.

[0043] Place the above-prepared oxygen candle charge column on a vibrating table and vibrate it for 10 min, and measure the ratio of the weight m1 of the debonded powder to the total weight m0 of the ignition charge, which is the powder debonding rate. The lower the powder debonding rate, the higher the bonding strength of the desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] As shown in Table 1, the component contents of the desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge of each sample are shown, and samples A-1 to D-1 are prepared according to the component contents in Table 1.

[0046] The main oxidizer is sodium chlorate (NL); the secondary oxidizer is potassium perchlorate (KP).

[0047] The elemental fuel and desensitizer are respectively: the elemental fuel of sample A-1 is elemental silicon, and the desensitizer is silicon oxide; the elemental fuel of sample B-1 is elemental titanium, and the desensitizer is titanium oxide; the elemental fuel of sample C-1 is elemental boron, and the desensitizer is boron oxide; the elemental fuel of sample D-1 is elemental aluminum, and the desensitizer is aluminum oxide.

[0048] Table 1 Component of desensitized oxygen candle ignition charge

[0049]

[0050] Samples A-1 to D-1 were prepared according to the component contents in Table 1. According to QJ20019.7-2018, Part 7 of the Test Methods for Safety Performance of Composite Solid Propellants, the impact sensitivities of samples A-1 to D-1 were tested under the conditions of a 50-cm high and 10-kg drop hammer; according to QJ20019.6-2018, Part 6 of the Test Methods for Safety Performance of Composite Solid Propellants, the friction sensitivities of samples A-1 to D-1 were tested under the conditions of 90° and 4 MPa; according to QJ20019.5-2018, Part 5 of the Test Methods for Safety Performance of Composite Solid Propellants, the electrostatic sensitivities of samples A-1 to D-1 were tested; and the insensitive oxygen candle ignition charges of samples A-1 to D-1 were pressed onto the oxygen candle oxygen-producing pellets by cast-in-one molding using a press to obtain oxygen candle pellets, and the powder debonding rate of the oxygen candle pellets was measured. The experimental results are shown in Table 2.

[0051] Table 2 Sensitivity and Powder Debonding Rate of Insensitive Oxygen Candle Ignition Charge

[0052]

[0053] As can be seen from Table 2, the impact sensitivities and friction sensitivities of samples A-1 to D-1 are both 0%, and the electrostatic sensitivity values (E50) are all greater than 50 mJ, indicating that the oxygen candle ignition charge prepared by the present invention is insensitive and has high safety; and the powder debonding rates of the oxygen candle pellets prepared from samples A-1 to D-1 by cast-in-one molding are all 0%, indicating that the cast-in-one molding technology bonds the ignition charge to the oxygen candle, eliminates the adhesive, and improves the bonding strength.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] As shown in Table 3 are the component contents of the insensitive oxygen candle ignition charges of each sample. Samples A-2 to B-2 were prepared according to the component contents in Table 3.

[0056] The main oxidizer is sodium chlorate; the secondary oxidizer is potassium perchlorate.

[0057] The elemental fuels and desensitizers are respectively: the elemental fuel of sample A-2 is elemental silicon, and the desensitizer is silicon nitride; the elemental fuel of sample B-2 is elemental boron, and the desensitizer is boron nitride.

[0058] Table 3 Components of Insensitive Oxygen Candle Ignition Charge

[0059]

[0060] Samples A-2 to B-2 were prepared according to the component contents in Table 3, and the sensitivities of each sample were tested (impact sensitivity was tested under the conditions of a 10 kg drop hammer at a height of 50 cm; friction sensitivity was tested under the conditions of 90° and 4 MPa); and the insensitive oxygen candle ignition charges of samples A-2 to B-2 were pressed onto the oxygen candle oxygen-producing columns by cast-in-one molding using a press to obtain oxygen candle columns, and the powder debonding rate of the oxygen candle columns was measured. The experimental results are shown in Table 4.

[0061] Table 4 Sensitivity and powder debonding rate of insensitive oxygen candle ignition charges

[0062]

[0063] As can be seen from Table 4, the impact sensitivities and friction sensitivities of samples A-2 to B-2 were both 0%, and the electrostatic sensitivity values (E50) were all greater than 50 mJ, indicating that the oxygen candle ignition charges prepared by the present invention were insensitive and had high safety; and the powder debonding rates of the oxygen candle columns prepared by cast-in-one molding and samples A-2 to B-2 were all 0%, indicating that the cast-in-one molding technology bonded the ignition charge to the oxygen candle, eliminating the binder and improving the bonding strength.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] As shown in Table 5 are the component contents of the insensitive oxygen candle ignition charges of each sample. Samples A-3 to B-3 were prepared according to the component contents in Table 5.

[0066] The main oxidizer was sodium chlorate; the secondary oxidizer was potassium perchlorate.

[0067] The elemental fuels and desensitizers were respectively: the elemental fuel of sample A-3 was elemental silicon, and the desensitizer was sodium silicate; the elemental fuel of sample B-3 was elemental boron, and the desensitizer was borax.

[0068] Table 5 Components of insensitive oxygen candle ignition charges

[0069]

[0070] Samples A-3 to B-3 were prepared according to the component contents in Table 5, and the sensitivities of each sample were tested (impact sensitivity was tested under the conditions of a 10 kg drop hammer at a height of 50 cm; friction sensitivity was tested under the conditions of 90° and 4 MPa); and the insensitive oxygen candle ignition charges of samples A-3 to B-3 were pressed onto the oxygen candle oxygen-producing columns by cast-in-one molding using a press to obtain oxygen candle columns, and the powder debonding rate of the oxygen candle columns was measured. The experimental results are shown in Table 6.

[0071] Table 6 Sensitivity and powder debonding rate of insensitive oxygen candle ignition charges

[0072]

[0073] As can be seen from Table 6, the impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity of Samples A-3 to B-3 are both 0%, and the electrostatic sensitivity values (E50) are all greater than 50 mJ, indicating that the oxygen candle ignition powder prepared by the present invention is insensitive and has high safety; moreover, the powder debonding rate of the oxygen candle pellets prepared from Samples A-3 to B-3 by casting and pressing in one piece is 0%, indicating that the casting and pressing in one piece technology bonds the ignition powder to the oxygen candle, eliminates the adhesive, and improves the bonding strength.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] As shown in Table 7 are the component contents of the insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder for each sample. Samples A-4 to B-4 were prepared according to the component contents in Table 7.

[0076] The main oxidizer is sodium chlorate; the secondary oxidizer is potassium perchlorate.

[0077] The elemental fuels and desensitizers are respectively: the elemental fuel of Sample A-4 is elemental iron and the desensitizer is iron oxide; the elemental fuel of Sample B-4 is elemental boron and the desensitizer is borax.

[0078] Table 7 Component of Insensitive Oxygen Candle Ignition Powder

[0079]

[0080] Samples A-4 to B-4 were prepared according to the component contents in Table 7, and the sensitivities of each sample were tested (impact sensitivity was tested under the conditions of a 50 cm high and 10 kg drop hammer; friction sensitivity was tested under the conditions of 90° and 4 MPa); and the insensitive oxygen candle ignition powders of Samples A-4 to B-4 were pressed onto the oxygen generating pellets of the oxygen candle by casting and pressing in one piece using a press to obtain oxygen candle pellets, and the powder debonding rate of the oxygen candle pellets was measured. The experimental results are shown in Table 8.

[0081] Table 8 Sensitivity and Powder Debonding Rate of Insensitive Oxygen Candle Ignition Powder

[0082]

[0083] As can be seen from Table 8, the impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity of Samples A-4 to B-4 are both 0%, and the electrostatic sensitivity values (E50) are all greater than 50 mJ, indicating that the oxygen candle ignition powder prepared by the present invention is insensitive and has high safety; moreover, the powder debonding rate of the oxygen candle pellets prepared from Samples A-4 to B-4 by casting and pressing in one piece is 0%, indicating that the casting and pressing in one piece technology bonds the ignition powder to the oxygen candle, eliminates the adhesive, and improves the bonding strength.

[0084] From the experimental results of the above examples, it can be seen that the insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder provided by the present invention has an impact sensitivity and a friction sensitivity both of 0%, the electrostatic sensitivity values are all greater than 50 mJ, and samples were prepared that can be integrally formed with the oxygen generating powder, eliminating the adhesive and improving the bonding strength.

[0085] The current ignition charge is sensitive, and using pressure casting will cause the ignition charge to explode, which is unsafe. Therefore, only the method of manually applying the adhesive can be used to bond the ignition charge to the oxygen candle oxygen-producing medicine column. The process consistency is poor, and the manual face-to-face operation is unsafe. However, the present invention uses a desensitizer coating to make the oxygen candle ignition charge insensitive, with high safety, and is suitable for the integrated casting and molding process with large pressing pressure. The integrated casting and molding technology bonds the ignition charge to the oxygen candle oxygen-producing medicine column, eliminates the adhesive, and improves the bonding strength and ignition ability.

[0086] The present invention has been described in detail above in combination with specific embodiments and exemplary examples. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments; the above description should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art understand that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements can be made to the technical solutions and their implementation manners of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of the present invention; the protection scope of the present invention is subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder, characterized in that: It includes the following components by mass percentage: Single fuel: 10% to 25%; Main oxidant: 15%~42%; Secondary oxidant: 5% to 14%; Sensitivity reducing agent: 25% to 70%; Wherein, the desensitizing agent is one of the oxides, carbides, nitrides and metal salts corresponding to the elemental fuel.

2. The insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elemental fuel includes one of silicon, titanium, iron, boron, manganese, aluminum, magnesium, tin, cobalt, zinc, and nickel.

3. The insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main oxidant is sodium chlorate.

4. The insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary oxidant is potassium perchlorate.

5. The insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the desensitizing agent is 1 μm to 20 μm.

6. The insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The desensitizing agent includes one of the corresponding oxides, carbides, nitrides and metal salts of silicon, titanium, iron, boron, manganese, aluminum, magnesium, tin, cobalt, zinc and nickel.

7. A method for preparing the insensitive oxygen candle ignition composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: weigh the single fuel, primary oxidant, secondary oxidant and desensitizer according to the mass percentage of the raw materials; S2: Mixing the single-element fuel, the primary oxidant, the secondary oxidant and the desensitizer in a mixer to obtain an insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder.

8. The method for preparing the insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The single-element fuel, primary oxidant, secondary oxidant and desensitizer are mixed in a mixer for 1 hour.

9. An application of the insensitive oxygen candle ignition composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: The insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder is pressed onto the oxygen candle oxygen-generating powder column by a casting-pressing integrated molding technology to obtain the oxygen candle powder column.

10. The use of the insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder according to claim 9, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the insensitive oxygen candle ignition powder and the oxygen candle oxygen generating powder in the oxygen candle powder column is: 0.8g-1.5g:100-150g.

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