Homogeneous transparent core PVC floor and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plastic floors, and provides a homogeneous transparent core PVC floor and a preparation method thereof. The homogeneous core-penetrating PVC floor is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 30 to 35 parts of plasticizer, 90 to 100 parts of filler, 3 to 5 parts of stabilizer, 1 to 2 parts of lubricant and 8 to 10 parts of pigment, the polyvinyl chloride is composed of first polyvinyl chloride and second polyvinyl chloride, and the plasticizer absorption amounts of the first polyvinyl chloride and the second polyvinyl chloride are different. By means of the technical scheme, the problem that in the prior art, homogeneous transparent core PVC floors are low in compression resistance is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plastic floors, and in particular to a homogeneous core-permeable PVC floor and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a floor decoration material with broad application prospects, PVC flooring has demonstrated its unique advantages in many fields such as commerce, industry, medical treatment, education, and home. However, traditional PVC flooring still has certain limitations in performance and structure. Some PVC floors adopt multi-layer composite structures, and the materials and performance of different layers vary greatly. During long-term use, due to wear or other factors, the performance of the surface and inner layer may be inconsistent, and the inner layer of different color or structure may be exposed after the surface is worn, affecting the overall aesthetics and use effect.

[0003] Homogeneous core-transparent PVC flooring overcomes this problem very well. The characteristic of homogeneous core-transparent PVC flooring is that it has the same material composition and structure from the surface to the inside, which can ensure the aesthetics and decorativeness of the floor while achieving consistency and durability of performance. This kind of flooring not only presents a uniform color and texture in appearance, but even if the surface is worn, its interior and surface still have the same visual effect, avoiding the appearance defects caused by wear and tear of traditional multi-layer flooring.

[0004] However, the material properties of polyvinyl chloride itself determine that its compressive strength is relatively weaker than some hard materials. Although it can be enhanced by adding fillers, compared with natural stone and ceramic tiles, it is still prone to dents and deformation when subjected to excessive pressure. For example, in industrial plants where heavy equipment is placed, it may not be able to meet long-term compressive requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a homogeneous core-permeable PVC floor with high compressive performance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a homogeneous core-penetrating PVC floor and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problem of low compression resistance of the homogeneous core-penetrating PVC floor in the related art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a homogeneous core-permeable PVC floor, comprising the following component raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 30-35 parts of plasticizer, 90-100 parts of filler, 3-5 parts of stabilizer, 1-2 parts of lubricant, and 8-10 parts of colorant; the polyvinyl chloride is composed of a first polyvinyl chloride and a second polyvinyl chloride, and the plasticizer absorption amounts of the first polyvinyl chloride and the second polyvinyl chloride are different.

[0007] As a further technical solution, the plasticizer absorption amount of the first polyvinyl chloride is 15 phr, the plasticizer absorption amount of the second polyvinyl chloride is 27 phr, and the mass ratio of the first polyvinyl chloride to the second polyvinyl chloride is 1:2-3.

[0008] In the present invention, by adjusting the mass ratio of the first polyvinyl chloride and the second polyvinyl chloride, the synergistic effect of the two is exerted to promote the formation of a denser and more uniform microstructure. When the floor bears pressure, it can not only effectively disperse the stress to prevent cracking, but also maintain stable shape and is not prone to excessive deformation. Even under long-term heavy load or frequent trampling, it can maintain good service performance and enhance the compressive performance of the floor.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the plasticizer includes one or more of dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and dioctyl terephthalate.

[0010] In the present invention, a plasticizer is added and mixed with polyvinyl chloride. The plasticizer has good compatibility with polyvinyl chloride and can be inserted between the molecular chains of polyvinyl chloride, weakening the intermolecular force and making the molecular chains slide relative to each other more easily, having a good plasticizing effect. It can significantly improve the flexibility of the floor, making the floor easier to bend and fit various floor shapes during installation. At the same time, it gives the floor a comfortable foot feeling, providing a certain elastic buffer whether it is for people's daily walking in a home environment or for personnel activities in a commercial place. In terms of processing performance, the addition of the plasticizer improves its processing fluidity, enabling the raw materials to flow more smoothly in the processes of mixing, extrusion, calendering, etc., reducing processing energy consumption and equipment wear.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the filler includes the following raw material components in parts by weight: 80 - 90 parts of calcium carbonate, 10 - 20 parts of talcum powder, and 0 - 15 parts of fluorine-containing hydroxypyrimidine compound.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the addition amount of the fluorine-containing hydroxypyrimidine compound is 10wt% - 15wt% of the total amount of calcium carbonate and talcum powder.

[0013] In the present invention, calcium carbonate is selected as one of the fillers. Calcium carbonate has high hardness and stability and is dispersed in the polyvinyl chloride matrix, like a solid skeleton, effectively supporting the floor structure and enabling it to withstand greater pressure. In public places with a large flow of people or industrial areas where heavy objects are placed, the floor is not easily dented or deformed due to heavy pressure, significantly improving the durability and service life of the product.

[0014] In the present invention, talcum powder is added as a raw material for the filler. It can not only enhance the dimensional stability of the floor, reduce deformation caused by temperature and humidity changes, and improve the overall quality stability of the floor, but also has good lubricity, can reduce the friction between materials, ensure that the surface of the floor is smoother and flatter during the forming process, reduce the generation of defects and flaws, and improve the appearance quality of the product.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the fluorinated hydroxy pyrimidine compound includes one or both of 5-fluoro-4-hydroxypyrimidine and 5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-hydroxypyrimidine.

[0016] In the present invention, under long-term heavy pressure, the PVC floor will have tiny cracks or depressions, which will become accumulation points for chemical substances, leading to accelerated corrosion of the PVC floor. By adding a fluorinated hydroxy pyrimidine compound to the filler, this compound has excellent chemical corrosion resistance and weather resistance, can effectively resist the erosion of various chemical substances, and extend the service life of the floor in harsh environments.

[0017] As a further technical solution, the stabilizer includes one or both of dibutyltin dilaurate and dibutyltin maleate.

[0018] In the present invention, adding a stabilizer can prevent the rapid degradation of polyvinyl chloride during high-temperature processing, ensure that the floor maintains good physical properties and appearance quality during high-temperature process steps such as mixing, extrusion, and calendering, avoid problems such as bubble generation and embrittlement caused by thermal decomposition, and improve the stability of the production process and the product qualification rate.

[0019] As a further technical solution, the lubricant includes one or both of calcium stearate and zinc stearate.

[0020] In the present invention, adding a lubricant plays a crucial role during the processing. It can form a lubricating film on the surface of the material particles, effectively reducing the friction between the materials and between the materials and the processing equipment. This enables various raw materials such as polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer, and filler to be more evenly mixed during the mixing process, improving the mixing efficiency and quality, and ensuring the consistency of the final product performance. In the extrusion and calendering processes, the lubricant can reduce the adhesion of the material to the inner wall of the equipment, make the material flow more smoothly, reduce the extrusion pressure, avoid problems such as uneven product thickness and rough surface caused by poor material flow, improve the forming accuracy and surface quality of the product, and at the same time extend the service life of the equipment and reduce the maintenance cost caused by equipment wear.

[0021] As a further technical solution, the colorant includes one or more of titanium dioxide, phthalocyanine blue, and phthalocyanine green.

[0022] In the present invention, adding a colorant endows the floor with a rich variety of color choices, greatly expanding the possibilities in decorative design of the floor and meeting the requirements of different consumers for personalized and diversified space decoration.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a homogeneous through-core PVC floor, which includes the following steps: S1. Weigh the filler raw materials, disperse them in a solvent, mix evenly, filter, and dry to obtain the filler; S2. Weigh the remaining raw materials, add fillers and mix them evenly. After kneading, extrusion and cutting, PVC particles are obtained. S3. The PVC particles are formed into a preliminary floor blank through calendaring, and then through flocking and embossing treatments, a homogeneous through-core PVC floor is obtained. The material used for flocking is the PVC particles obtained in S2.

[0024] As a further technical solution, the mixing time in S1 is 2 h.

[0025] As a further technical solution, the addition amount of the solvent in S1 is 10 times the sum of the masses of calcium carbonate and talcum powder.

[0026] As a further technical solution, the mixing time in S2 is 15 - 30 min.

[0027] As a further technical solution, the calendaring temperature in S3 is 170 - 180 °C.

[0028] As a further technical solution, the flocking includes the following steps: The PVC particles are crushed to obtain PVC granules, and then fed to a flocking machine. The flocking machine rotates evenly and scatters them on the preliminary floor blank.

[0029] As a further technical solution, the particle size of the PVC granules is 2 - 3 mm.

[0030] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the present invention, using PVC as the raw material and adding plasticizers can effectively adjust the flexibility and plasticity of PVC, making it have better processing performance and a comfortable foot feeling. The use of fillers can enhance the mechanical properties of the product, improve the hardness and dimensional stability of the floor. Adding stabilizers, lubricants and colorants, etc., helps to stabilize the performance of the floor, facilitate processing and improve the appearance decoration. By compounding the first PVC and the second PVC with different plasticizer absorption amounts, the strength and toughness of the floor are adjusted, promoting the floor to effectively disperse stress, so that it has a higher load-bearing capacity, can withstand greater pressure without being easily damaged, and improves the compressive performance of the homogeneous through-core PVC floor. Specific Embodiments

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the following examples and comparative examples: The first polyvinyl chloride: the plasticizer absorption is 15 phr, the model is QS-650, and the manufacturer is Qilu Petrochemical Company, Sinopec; The second polyvinyl chloride: the plasticizer absorption is 27 phr, the model is QS-1000F, and the manufacturer is Qilu Petrochemical Company, Sinopec; Calcium carbonate: the average particle size is 325 mesh; Talcum powder: the average particle size is 325 mesh.

[0033] Example 1 A preparation method of a homogeneous core-through PVC floor, comprising the following steps: S1. Weigh 80 parts of calcium carbonate and 20 parts of talcum powder, disperse them in 1000 parts of absolute ethanol, mix for 2 h, then filter and dry to obtain fillers; S2. Weigh 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 30 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 3 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 1 part of calcium stearate, and 8 parts of phthalocyanine green, add 90 parts of fillers, mix for 15 min, then mix, extrude, and cut to obtain polyvinyl chloride particles. Through the same process, different colorants are added to obtain polyvinyl chloride particles of various colors, wherein the polyvinyl chloride is composed of the first polyvinyl chloride and the second polyvinyl chloride in a mass ratio of 1:1; S3. Put the polyvinyl chloride particles into a calendaring machine, calender at 170 °C to form a floor blank. Crush the polyvinyl chloride particles of various colors into polyvinyl chloride granules with a particle size of 2 mm respectively, mix them and supply them to a spreading machine. The spreading machine rotates evenly, spreads them on the floor blank and presses to form a pattern, then cool, trim the edges, and wind up to obtain the homogeneous core-through PVC floor.

[0034] Example 2 A preparation method of a homogeneous core-through PVC floor, comprising the following steps: S1. Weigh 85 parts of calcium carbonate and 15 parts of talcum powder, disperse them in 1000 parts of absolute ethanol, mix for 2 h, then filter and dry to obtain fillers; S2. Weigh 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 32 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 4 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 1.5 parts of calcium stearate, and 9 parts of titanium dioxide, add 95 parts of fillers, mix for 20 min, then mix, extrude, and cut to obtain polyvinyl chloride particles. Through the same process, different colorants are added to obtain polyvinyl chloride particles of various colors, wherein the polyvinyl chloride is composed of the first polyvinyl chloride and the second polyvinyl chloride in a mass ratio of 1:1; S3. Put the polyvinyl chloride particles into a calendaring machine, calender at 175 °C to form a floor blank. Crush the polyvinyl chloride particles of various colors into polyvinyl chloride granules with a particle size of 2.5 mm respectively, mix them and supply them to a spreading machine. The spreading machine rotates evenly, spreads them on the floor blank and presses to form a pattern, then cool, trim the edges, and wind up to obtain the homogeneous core-through PVC floor.

[0035] Example 3 A preparation method of a homogeneous core PVC floor, comprising the following steps: S1. Weigh 90 parts of calcium carbonate and 10 parts of talcum powder, disperse them in 1000 parts of absolute ethanol, mix for 2 h, then filter and dry to obtain fillers; S2. Weigh 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 35 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 5 parts of dibutyltin maleate, 2 parts of zinc stearate, and 10 parts of phthalocyanine blue, add 100 parts of fillers, mix for 30 min, then knead, extrude, and cut to obtain polyvinyl chloride particles. By adding different colorants in the same process, polyvinyl chloride particles of various colors are obtained, wherein the polyvinyl chloride is composed of a first polyvinyl chloride and a second polyvinyl chloride with a mass ratio of 1:1; S3. Put the polyvinyl chloride particles into a calendaring machine, calender at 180 °C to form a floor blank. Crush the polyvinyl chloride particles of various colors into polyvinyl chloride granules with a particle size of 3 mm respectively, mix them and supply them to a flocking machine. The flocking machine rotates evenly and sprinkles them on the floor blank to press and form a pattern, then cool, trim the edges, and wind up to obtain the homogeneous core PVC floor.

[0036] Example 4 Compared with Example 3, the difference in Example 4 is that the polyvinyl chloride is composed of a first polyvinyl chloride and a second polyvinyl chloride with a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0037] Example 5 Compared with Example 3, the difference in Example 5 is that the polyvinyl chloride is composed of a first polyvinyl chloride and a second polyvinyl chloride with a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0038] Example 6 Compared with Example 5, the difference in Example 6 is that S1 includes the following steps: Disperse 10 parts of 5-fluoro-4-hydroxypyrimidine in 1000 parts of absolute ethanol, add 90 parts of calcium carbonate and 10 parts of talcum powder, mix for 2 h, then filter and dry to obtain fillers.

[0039] Example 7 Compared with Example 6, the difference in Example 7 is that the addition amount of 5-fluoro-4-hydroxypyrimidine is 15 parts.

[0040] Example 8 Compared with Example 6, the difference in Example 8 is that 5-fluoro-4-hydroxypyrimidine is replaced with an equal amount of 5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-hydroxypyrimidine.

[0041] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 3, the difference in Comparative Example 1 is that the polyvinyl chloride is the first polyvinyl chloride.

[0042] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 3, the difference in Comparative Example 2 is that the polyvinyl chloride is the second polyvinyl chloride.

[0043] Experimental Example 1 For the homogeneous core PVC floors prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2, specimens were prepared according to the test methods specified in GB / T 11982.2-2015 "Polyvinyl chloride coil floorings - Part 2: Homogeneous polyvinyl chloride coil floorings", and the residual indentation of the test samples was measured.

[0044] The test results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Performance test results of the homogeneous core PVC floors prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2

[0045] Compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the residual indentation of Example 3 is less than that of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, indicating that the first polyvinyl chloride and the second polyvinyl chloride play a synergistic role, which can improve the compressive performance of the homogeneous core PVC floor.

[0046] Experimental Example 2 For the homogeneous core PVC floors prepared in Examples 5 to 8, according to the test method specified in ISO 26987:2012, the chemical resistance of the test samples was measured. The test conditions were as follows: The pollutant was coated on the middle part of the sample to form an area of 300 mm 2 , and the pollutant was allowed to remain on the surface of the sample for a specified contact time. The test contact time was 2 h. If pollution occurred after 2 h, a new test time of 30 min was continued.

[0047] The test results are shown in Table 2: Table 2 Performance test results of the homogeneous core PVC floors prepared in Examples 5 to 8

[0048] Compared with Example 5, the pollutants in Examples 6 to 8 had no effect, indicating that when a fluorine-containing hydroxypyrimidine compound was added to the filler, the acid and alkali resistance of the homogeneous core PVC floor could be improved.

[0049] Experimental Example 3 The following tests were respectively carried out on the homogeneous core PVC floor prepared in Example 1: 1. Anti-slip property: According to the test method specified in DIN 51130:2014-02, in workrooms and activity areas with a risk of slipping, the walking method and the ramp experiment were used to measure the anti-slip property of the test samples.

[0050] 2. Flexibility: According to the test method specified in ISO 10581-2019, select Method A to test the flexibility of the sample. The sample size is 50 mm × 250 mm, with a 20-mm-diameter shaft.

[0051] 3. Micro-scratch resistance: According to the test method specified in EN 16094-2021, use Step B. The abrasive material is medium-fine, the total load mass is 415 g, the number of friction times is 160, and the test environment is 23.2 °C and 52% RH. Test the micro-scratch resistance of the sample.

[0052] The test results are shown in Table 3: Table 3 Performance test results of the homogeneous through-core PVC floor prepared in Example 1

[0053] As can be seen from Table 3, the homogeneous through-core PVC floor prepared by the present invention has good anti-slip performance, flexibility and micro-scratch resistance, and has good application value.

[0054] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A homogeneous core-permeable PVC floor, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 30-35 parts of plasticizer, 90-100 parts of filler, 3-5 parts of stabilizer, 1-2 parts of lubricant, and 8-10 parts of colorant; The polyvinyl chloride consists of a first polyvinyl chloride and a second polyvinyl chloride, and the first polyvinyl chloride and the second polyvinyl chloride have different plasticizer absorption amounts.

2. The homogeneous core-permeable PVC floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizer absorption amount of the first polyvinyl chloride is 15 phr, the plasticizer absorption amount of the second polyvinyl chloride is 27 phr, and the mass ratio of the first polyvinyl chloride to the second polyvinyl chloride is 1:2-3.

3. The homogeneous core-permeable PVC floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizer includes one or more of dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and dioctyl terephthalate.

4. The homogeneous core-permeable PVC floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler comprises the following component raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-20 parts of talc, and 0-15 parts of a fluorine-containing hydroxypyrimidine compound.

5. The homogeneous core-permeable PVC floor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fluorine-containing hydroxypyrimidine compound includes one or both of 5-fluoro-4-hydroxypyrimidine and 5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-hydroxypyrimidine.

6. The homogeneous core-permeable PVC floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer includes one or both of dibutyltin dilaurate and dibutyltin maleate.

7. The homogeneous core-permeable PVC floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricant includes one or both of calcium stearate and zinc stearate.

8. The homogeneous core-permeable PVC floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The colorant includes one or more of titanium dioxide, phthalocyanine blue and phthalocyanine green.

9. The method for preparing a homogeneous core-permeable PVC floor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, weighing filler raw materials, dispersing them in a solvent, mixing them evenly, filtering and drying them to obtain a filler; S2, weighing the remaining raw materials, adding fillers and mixing evenly, and then mixing, extruding and cutting to obtain polyvinyl chloride particles; S3, the polyvinyl chloride particles are rolled and pressed to form a floor blank, and after being sprinkled and embossed, a homogeneous core-penetrating PVC floor is obtained; The material used for scattering flowers is the polyvinyl chloride particles obtained in S2.

10. The homogeneous core-permeable PVC floor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The rolling temperature in S3 is 170-180°C.

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