Antibacterial binder as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an antibacterial binder and a preparation method and application thereof, the antibacterial binder is prepared from the following raw materials: an acidic monomer and an alkaline substance, and does not contain a bactericide; the acidic monomer accounts for 3-20 wt% of all monomers in the preparation raw materials, the pH value of the antibacterial binder is 6-9, and the solid content of the antibacterial binder is greater than or equal to 5 wt%. The antibacterial adhesive does not need to be added with a bactericide, has antibacterial performance, and can restrain the problems that bacteria are generated in the storage process of the adhesive and the performance of a battery is affected by adding the bactericide into the adhesive.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, and relates to an antibacterial binder, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in the energy storage field due to their high energy density, excellent cycling performance and safety. Lithium-ion batteries mainly include a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator. Among them, the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material are undoubtedly the key factors affecting lithium-ion batteries. However, the binder is also an important component of lithium-ion batteries. It not only bonds the active substances, but also ensures the bonding of the active materials and conductive agents, etc. to the current collector, which has an important impact on improving the cycling of lithium-ion batteries.

[0003] In the prior art, usually only the bonding force of the binder is concerned to ensure the exertion of the binder's function, improve the strength of the electrode sheet, and avoid the expansion of the active substances, etc. However, the binder also needs to have antibacterial properties. Otherwise, bacteria will grow during the storage of the binder, resulting in product spoilage, affecting its application, and thus affecting the performance of the battery. In the prior art, usually a bactericide is added to the binder to inhibit bacteria, but most bactericides are active small molecules and are not resistant to high voltage, which will have an adverse impact on the performance of the battery.

[0004] Based on the above research, it is necessary to provide an antibacterial binder that can avoid the influence of bactericides on battery performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an antibacterial binder, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. The antibacterial binder does not need to add a bactericide, and the binder itself has antibacterial properties, which can inhibit the problem that bacteria are generated during the storage of the binder and the addition of a bactericide in the binder affects the battery performance.

[0006] To achieve the purpose of this invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention provides an antibacterial binder. The preparation raw materials of the antibacterial binder include an acidic monomer and a basic substance, and do not include a bactericide;

[0008] The acidic monomer accounts for 3-20 wt% of all monomers in the preparation raw materials. The pH of the antibacterial binder is 6-9, and the solid content of the antibacterial binder ≥ 5 wt%.

[0009] The preparation raw materials of the present invention include acidic monomers and alkaline substances. The acidic monomers and alkaline substances will neutralize to obtain polymer salts. The polymer salts have certain charges and can adsorb bacteria through electrostatic interaction. Then, driven by the lipophilic long alkyl main chain, they penetrate the cell wall and combine with the phospholipid bilayer and other negatively charged substances in the cytoplasmic membrane, destroying the cytoplasmic membrane and ultimately causing the death of bacteria. In addition, the polymer salts may kill bacteria by undergoing ion exchange with Ca 2+ 、Mg 2+ etc. in the cell membrane, thereby destroying the cell membrane to kill bacteria, so that the binder itself has good antibacterial properties and can avoid the use of fungicides from affecting the performance of the battery. Therefore, the antibacterial binder of the present invention does not need to add fungicides anymore, omitting this component of fungicides, but still has antibacterial properties and can also avoid the influence of the introduction of fungicides on the performance of the battery.

[0010] Since the content of the acidic monomer in the present invention will affect the content of the salt generated by neutralization, which will in turn affect the antibacterial property of the binder; in addition, the content of the acidic monomer should not be too large, otherwise the content of the salt generated by neutralization will be too large, resulting in too low bonding strength of the binder and poor battery performance. Therefore, the acidic monomer is preferably within a certain range to ensure the antibacterial property and bonding strength of the binder and other battery performances at the same time.

[0011] The pH of the antibacterial binder of the present invention reflects the content of the alkaline substance, and the pH value will also affect the content of the salt generated by neutralization, which will in turn affect the antibacterial property. Therefore, the pH of the antibacterial binder of the present invention is preferably within a specific range, which can ensure the antibacterial property and bonding strength of the binder and other battery performances at the same time, so as to ensure the performance of the battery.

[0012] The solid content of the antibacterial binder of the present invention will affect the overall content of the monomers, which will in turn affect the content of the acidic monomers, and thus affect the content of the salt generated by neutralization and the battery performance.

[0013] The acidic monomer accounts for 3-20 wt% of all the monomers in the preparation raw materials. For example, it can be 3 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 12 wt%, 14 wt%, 16 wt%, 18 wt% or 20 wt%, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0014] All the monomers in the preparation raw materials of the present invention include acidic monomers and other monomers.

[0015] The pH of the antibacterial binder is 6-9. For example, it can be 6, 7, 8 or 9, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0016] The solid content of the antibacterial binder is ≥ 5 wt%, for example, it can be 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt%, 20 wt%, 25 wt%, 30 wt%, 35 wt%, 40 wt%, 45 wt%, 50 wt%, 55 wt% or 60 wt%, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable, preferably 5 - 50 wt%.

[0017] Preferably, in the antibacterial binder, the content of the salt formed by neutralizing an acidic monomer and a basic substance is more than 1 wt%, for example, it can be 1 wt%, 1.5 wt%, 2 wt%, 2.5 wt%, 3 wt%, 3.5 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt%, 10 wt%, 11 wt% or 12 wt%, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable, preferably 1 - 10 wt%. The antibacterial binder includes the salt formed by neutralizing an acidic monomer and a basic substance, other monomers, an emulsifier, an initiator, a solvent, etc.

[0018] Preferably, the acidic monomer includes an acidic monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond.

[0019] Preferably, the acidic monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond includes any one or a combination of at least two of a carboxylic acid monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, a phosphoric acid monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, or a sulfonic acid monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond.

[0020] Preferably, the unsaturated carbon-carbon bond is a carbon-carbon double bond.

[0021] Preferably, the carboxylic acid monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond includes any one or a combination of at least two of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, or itaconic acid.

[0022] Preferably, the phosphoric acid monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond includes any one or a combination of at least two of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate phosphate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate phosphate, or ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate.

[0023] Preferably, the sulfonic acid monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond includes any one or a combination of at least two of p-styrenesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, or allylsulfonic acid.

[0024] Preferably, the preparation raw materials further include other monomers.

[0025] Preferably, the other monomers include any one or a combination of at least two of pure acrylic monomers, styrene-acrylic monomers, or styrene-butadiene monomers.

[0026] Preferably, the other monomers include a combination of at least two of pure acrylic monomers, styrene-acrylic monomers, or butadiene-styrene monomers.

[0027] The present invention also includes the types of other monomers, and the present invention does not make specific limitations. For example, it can be any one or a combination of at least two of the above-mentioned pure acrylic monomers, styrene-acrylic monomers, or butadiene-styrene monomers, and is further preferably a combination of any two of pure acrylic monomers, styrene-acrylic monomers, or butadiene-styrene monomers; Exemplarily, when the other monomers include more than two monomers, the mass ratio of any two monomers in the other monomers is 1:(0.8-1.2), for example, it can be 1:0.8, 1:0.9, 1:1, 1:1.1, or 1:1.2, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0028] Preferably, the pure acrylic monomers include a combination of any one or at least two of acrylate, methacrylate, or vinyl acetate;

[0029] Preferably, the acrylate includes a combination of any one or at least two of ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, or 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate.

[0030] Preferably, the methacrylate includes a combination of any one or at least two of methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, or glycidyl methacrylate.

[0031] Preferably, the styrene-acrylic monomers include a combination of any one or at least two of styrene acrylate, styrene-methacrylate, or styrene-vinyl acetate.

[0032] Preferably, the butadiene-styrene monomers include butadiene styrene.

[0033] Preferably, the basic substance includes a combination of any one or at least two of monovalent metal bases, non-metal bases, monovalent metal salts, or non-metal salts.

[0034] Preferably, the monovalent metal bases include a combination of any one or at least two of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or lithium hydroxide.

[0035] Preferably, the non-metal base includes ammonia water.

[0036] Preferably, the monovalent metal salts include monovalent metal carbonates.

[0037] Preferably, the monovalent metal carbonates include a combination of any one or at least two of lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, or potassium carbonate.

[0038] Preferably, the non-metal salts include non-metal carbonates.

[0039] Preferably, the non-metallic carbonate includes ammonium carbonate.

[0040] Preferably, the preparation raw materials further include an emulsifier, a solvent, and an initiator.

[0041] Preferably, the emulsifier includes sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0042] Preferably, the initiator includes persulfate, preferably sodium persulfate.

[0043] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an antibacterial binder as described in the first aspect, and the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0044] After emulsifying and initiating the reaction of the acidic monomer, an alkaline substance is added to obtain the antibacterial binder.

[0045] Preferably, the emulsifying step includes: after mixing the emulsifier and the solvent, mixing and emulsifying with the acidic monomer to obtain an emulsion.

[0046] Preferably, other monomers are also added during the mixing and emulsifying.

[0047] Preferably, the initiating step includes: dropping the emulsion into a solution containing an initiator for initiation.

[0048] As a preferred technical solution of the preparation method of the present invention, the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0049] (1) At a rotation speed of 250 - 350 rpm (for example, it can be 250 rpm, 300 rpm, or 350 rpm), mix the emulsifier and the solvent to obtain a mixed solution, add the acidic monomer and other monomers to the mixed solution and stir and emulsify for 20 - 40 min (for example, it can be 20 min, 30 min, or 40 min) to obtain an emulsion;

[0050] (2) At 80 - 90 °C (for example, it can be 80 °C, 85 °C, or 90 °C), drop the emulsion described in step (1) into a solution containing an initiator for 1.5 - 2.5 h (for example, it can be 1.5 h, 2.0 h, or 2.5 h), after the dropping is completed, react for 1.5 - 2.5 h (for example, it can be 1.5 h, 2.0 h, or 2.5 h), and after cooling, add a solution containing an alkaline substance to adjust the pH to obtain the antibacterial binder.

[0051] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electrode pole piece, and the electrode pole piece includes the antibacterial binder as described in the first aspect or the antibacterial binder prepared by the preparation method described in the second aspect.

[0052] Preferably, the electrode sheet includes a negative electrode sheet.

[0053] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an electrochemical device, which includes the antibacterial binder as described in the first aspect or the electrode sheet as described in the third aspect.

[0054] Preferably, the electrochemical device is a lithium-ion battery or a sodium-ion battery.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0056] By controlling the content of the salt formed by the neutralization of the acidic monomer and the basic substance in the binder, the binder has inherent antibacterial properties without the need to add a bactericide. Therefore, even when the bactericide component is omitted, the antibacterial property of the binder can still be ensured, and the addition of the bactericide is avoided from affecting the performance of the battery. Description of the Drawings

[0057] Figure 1 This is the standard colorimetric card for Easicult TTC colony detection dip slides of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0058] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments are only for helping to understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations to the present invention.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] This example provides an antibacterial binder. The raw materials for preparing the antibacterial binder include an acidic monomer, a basic substance, other monomers, an emulsifier, an initiator, and water, and do not include a bactericide. The acidic monomer is methacrylic acid, the basic substance is sodium hydroxide, the other monomers include monomer A and monomer B. Monomer A is styrene, monomer B is butyl acrylate, the emulsifier is sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the initiator is sodium persulfate;

[0061] In the antibacterial binder, the content of the salt formed by the neutralization of the acidic monomer and the basic substance is 2.55 wt%, the acidic monomer accounts for 10 wt% of all the monomers in the preparation raw materials, the pH of the antibacterial binder is 7.5, and the solid content of the antibacterial binder is 25 wt%;

[0062] The preparation method of the antibacterial binder includes the following steps:

[0063] (1) Start the stirring of the emulsifying kettle, adjust the rotation speed to 300 rpm, put 1 g of the emulsifier sodium dodecyl sulfate and 300 g of water dissolved into the emulsifying kettle, and then sequentially put 45 g of styrene, 45 g of butyl acrylate, and 10 g of methacrylic acid for emulsification for 30 min to obtain an emulsion;

[0064] (2) After the temperature in the reaction kettle reaches 85 °C and stabilizes for 5 min, an aqueous solution of initiator sodium persulfate is added into the reaction kettle. After 5 min, the emulsion is added dropwise for 2 h. After the addition is completed, the reaction continues for 2 h. After cooling, the dissolved sodium hydroxide solution is added, and the pH of the emulsion is adjusted to 7.5 and then discharged to obtain the antibacterial binder.

[0065] Table 1 shows the types and contents of the preparation raw material components, the pH of the binder, the solid content of the binder, and the content of the salt generated after neutralization for Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-6. The differences between Examples 2-9 and Comparative Examples 1-6 and Example 1 are only those shown in Table 1, and the rest are the same as Example 1.

[0066] In Table 1, the pH test method includes: after rinsing the electrode of the pH meter with pure water and drying it, insert it into the binder to be tested, use the automatic measurement mode to test, and continuously read the pH value until a stable pH value is read.

[0067] Table 1

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] The binders of the above examples and comparative examples are used to prepare electrode sheets. The electrode sheets are negative electrode sheets, including a current collector (Cu foil) and a coating provided on the current collector. The materials of the coating include a negative electrode active material (artificial graphite Cl-E360, from Carbon One New Energy), a conductive agent (carbon black), a binder, and a thickening agent (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose), and the binders of the above examples and comparative examples.

[0071] The preparation method of the negative electrode sheet is as follows: the negative electrode active material, the conductive agent, the binder, and the thickening agent are mixed according to a mass ratio of 96.5:1.0:1.0:1.5, and deionized water is added according to a proportion of 40 wt% of the system solid content and stirred well to form a uniform negative electrode slurry. After passing through a 100-mesh sieve, it is coated on the negative electrode current collector Cu foil, then dried, and rolled with a roller at a unit length load of 10×10 4 N / m to obtain the negative electrode sheet.

[0072] A lithium-ion battery is prepared using the negative electrode sheet. The lithium-ion battery includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a separator, and an electrolyte. The negative electrode sheet is the aforementioned negative electrode sheet. The preparation method of the lithium-ion battery is as follows:

[0073] (1) Preparation of the positive electrode sheet: The positive active material (lithium iron phosphate DY-3, from DFD Nanotech Co., Ltd.), conductive carbon black, and binder (PVDF) were mixed at a mass ratio of 96.5:2.0:2.5 based on the solid content, and added to N-methylpyrrolidone according to the proportion of the solid content of the system being 50 wt% and stirred well to form a uniform positive electrode slurry. After passing through a 100-mesh sieve, it was coated on the positive current collector Al foil, dried, and rolled with a roller at a unit length load of 10×10 4 N / m to obtain the positive electrode sheet;

[0074] (2) Negative electrode sheet: As described above;

[0075] (3) Separator: A PE porous polymer film (Shenzhen Xingyuan Material Technology Co., Ltd.) was used as the separator;

[0076] (4) Assembly of the lithium-ion battery: The positive electrode sheet, separator, and negative electrode sheet were wound in sequence to obtain an electrode core; the electrode core was encapsulated with an aluminum-plastic film, baked to remove water, and then electrolyte was injected. After vacuum packaging, standing, forming, secondary sealing, shaping and other processes, the lithium-ion battery was obtained.

[0077] Performance testing:

[0078] (1) Antibacterial performance of the emulsion

[0079] The Easicult TTC colony detection dip slide (Shanghai Longqi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) was completely immersed in the binders of the above examples and comparative examples for 5-10 seconds. After taking it out, let the excess liquid on the dip slide flow off. After sampling, put the dip slide back into the culture tube and tighten it, and seal it and store it in a constant temperature incubator at 37°C for 24 h. Then take it out and compare it with the Easicult TTC colony detection dip slide standard colorimetric card (such as Figure 1 ) to determine the colony number range cfu / ml. For result determination, when the test result ≥ 1000, it is considered that the antibacterial performance is unqualified (NG), and the binder cannot be stored for a long time, otherwise it is qualified (Ok).

[0080] (2) Adhesion performance

[0081] The prepared negative electrode sheet was cut into strips of 20 cm × 2.5 cm, adhered to a 1-mm-thick steel plate with double-sided tape on the current collector side, and a transparent tape was pasted on the coating layer side. The coating layer was peeled in the 180° direction at a speed of 100 mm / min with a tensile testing machine, and the peel stress was measured. The peel stress was used as the judgment basis for the adhesion performance. The greater the peel stress, the better the adhesion strength.

[0082] (3) Cycling performance of the battery

[0083] The prepared lithium-ion battery was charged at a constant current of 0.33C to 4.2V, then charged at a constant voltage until the cut-off current of 0.02C, and discharged at 0.33C to 2.5V; it was left standing for 5 minutes, charged at a constant current of 0.33C to 4.2V, then charged at a constant voltage until the cut-off current of 0.02C, and discharged at 0.33C to 2.5V, thus performing the initial adjustment;

[0084] At 25°C, the lithium-ion battery after the initial adjustment was charged at a constant current of 0.5C to 4.2V, then charged at a constant voltage until the cut-off current of 0.02C, left standing for 5 minutes, and then discharged at a constant current of 1C to 2.5V, left standing for 5 minutes, and the first-cycle discharge capacity was measured. According to this cycle, after 100 charge / discharge cycles, the 100th-cycle discharge capacity was measured, and the capacity retention rate of the 100th cycle was calculated using the following formula:

[0085] Capacity retention rate of 100 cycles (%) = 100% × 100th-cycle discharge capacity / first-cycle discharge capacity.

[0086] The test results are shown in Table 2:

[0087] Table 2

[0088]

[0089] In Table 1, NG indicates unqualified antibacterial performance, and OK indicates qualified antibacterial performance.

[0090] It can be seen from Table 1 that:

[0091] (1) From Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2, it can be seen that when the content of the acidic monomer in the present invention is above 3wt%, the content of the salt is ensured, thereby ensuring the antibacterial property of the binder. At the same time, the content of the acidic monomer is preferably below 20wt% to ensure the binding force of the binder itself and further improve the cycle performance of the battery; from Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that when the solid content of the binder in the present invention is too low and the content of the salt obtained after neutralization of the acidic monomer and the basic substance is too low, the binder will not have antibacterial properties, and when the binder is stored for a long time and then applied to the battery, it will affect the performance of the battery.

[0092] (2) From Example 1 and Comparative Examples 4-5, it can be seen that the pH value of the binder in the present invention also affects the content of the salt and the binding force of the binder. The pH within a specific range can ensure both the binding force and antibacterial property of the binder, thereby further improving the cycle performance of the battery; from Example 1 and Comparative Example 6, it can be seen that compared with the commercially available binder, the binder of the present invention has antibacterial properties even without adding a bactericide, and the binding force is not affected. The obtained electrode still has a high peel strength after application, and the battery still has excellent cycle performance, indicating that the omission of the bactericide in the present invention can improve the performance of the battery.

[0093] In summary, the present invention provides an antibacterial binder, a preparation method thereof and an application. The antibacterial binder does not need to add a bactericide, and the binder itself has antibacterial properties, which can inhibit the problem that bacteria are generated during the storage of the binder and the addition of a bactericide in the binder affects the battery performance.

[0094] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention fall within the protection scope and the disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antibacterial adhesive, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the antibacterial adhesive include acidic monomers and alkaline substances, and do not include bactericides; The acidic monomer accounts for 3-20wt% of all monomers in the preparation raw materials, the pH of the antibacterial adhesive is 6-9, and the solid content of the antibacterial adhesive is ≥5wt%.

2. The antibacterial adhesive according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the antibacterial adhesive, the content of the salt generated by the neutralization of the acidic monomer and the alkaline substance is ≥ 1wt%; Preferably, the salt content is 1-10wt%; Preferably, the solid content of the antibacterial adhesive is 5-50wt%.

3. The antibacterial adhesive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The acidic monomer includes an acidic monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond; Preferably, the acidic monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond includes any one or a combination of at least two of a carboxylic acid monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, a phosphoric acid monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, or a sulfonic acid monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond; Preferably, the carboxylic acid monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond includes any one of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid or itaconic acid, or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the phosphoric acid monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond includes any one of 2-methyl-2-acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl phosphate, 2-acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl phosphate or ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the sulfonic acid monomer containing an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond includes any one of p-styrenesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid or allylsulfonic acid, or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the preparation raw materials also include other monomers; Preferably, the other monomers include any one of pure acrylic monomers, styrene acrylic monomers or styrene-butyl monomers, or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the other monomers include a combination of at least two of pure acrylic monomers, styrene acrylic monomers or styrene-butyl monomers; Preferably, the pure acrylic monomer includes any one or a combination of at least two of acrylate, methacrylate or vinyl acetate; Preferably, the acrylic acid ester includes any one or a combination of at least two of ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate or 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate; Preferably, the methacrylate includes any one or a combination of at least two of methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, octadecyl methacrylate or glycidyl methacrylate; Preferably, the styrene acrylic monomer includes any one or a combination of at least two of styrene-acrylate, styrene-methacrylate or styrene-vinyl acetate; Preferably, the styrene-butadiene monomer includes butadiene styrene.

4. The antibacterial adhesive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The alkaline substance includes any one or a combination of at least two of a monovalent metal base, a non-metal base, a monovalent metal salt or a non-metal salt; Preferably, the monovalent metal base includes any one or a combination of at least two of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide; Preferably, the non-metallic base comprises aqueous ammonia; Preferably, the monovalent metal salt comprises a monovalent metal carbonate; Preferably, the monovalent metal carbonate comprises any one or a combination of at least two of lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate; Preferably, the non-metallic salt comprises a non-metallic carbonate; Preferably, the non-metallic carbonate comprises ammonium carbonate.

5. The antibacterial adhesive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The preparation raw materials also include emulsifier, solvent and initiator.

6. A method for preparing the antibacterial adhesive according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: After the acidic monomer is emulsified and the reaction is initiated, an alkaline substance is added to obtain the antibacterial adhesive.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The emulsification step includes: mixing an emulsifier and a solvent, and then mixing and emulsifying with an acidic monomer to obtain an emulsion; Preferably, other monomers are added during the mixed emulsification; Preferably, the initiation step comprises: dropping the emulsion into a solution containing an initiator for initiation.

8. An electrode plate, characterized in that: The electrode plate comprises the antibacterial adhesive according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the antibacterial adhesive prepared by the preparation method according to claim 6 or 7.

9. The electrode plate according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electrode plate includes a negative electrode plate.

10. An electrochemical device, characterized in that: The electrochemical device comprises the antibacterial adhesive according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the electrode sheet according to claim 8 or 9; Preferably, the electrochemical device is a lithium ion battery or a sodium ion battery.

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