Gasification burner and its gasification method

Abstract

This invention relates to a gasification burner and its gasification method. The gasification burner comprises, from the inside out, an ignition fuel channel, an inner ring gasification channel, an outer ring gasification channel, and a feed powder channel, with an ignition mechanism at the ignition point. Each channel is equipped with a shut-off valve, a regulating valve, and a flow meter to achieve precise proportioning of the gasifying agent and feed powder flow rates. Each channel contains spiral-shaped baffles, and the outlet of the inner ring gasification channel gradually narrows, while the outer ring outlet is oblique. The feed powder inlet channel is inclined. The gasification method generates different flames in stages, changing the flow field and temperature field by adjusting the gasifying agent flow rate. When the feed powder flow rate is abnormal, the relevant valves are shut off and readjusted, with fuzzy control applied to the adjustment. This invention enhances the processing capacity for special feedstocks such as biomass powder, ensures the stability of dry powder transportation, reduces the number of gasifier trips, improves gasification reaction efficiency and stability, and enhances adaptability to different feedstocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of renewable energy utilization. More specifically, this invention relates to a gasification burner and a gasification method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] In the current energy conversion field, fluidized bed gasification technology has become the mainstream gasification technology due to its significant advantages, such as high gasification pressure, high reaction temperature, fast reaction rate, tar-free gas products, high gasification efficiency, large production capacity, and ease of large-scale production. It has great application potential, especially in the field of biomass-to-green methanol production. Fluidized bed gasification technology is divided into two feeding methods: water slurry feeding and dry powder feeding. Biomass has a fibrous structure, and the resulting powder particles are mostly needle-shaped or flake-shaped, with irregular shapes, differing significantly from ideal spherical particles. This results in poor flowability of the biomass powder. Given the strong water absorption and poor slurry formation of biomass, dry powder pneumatic conveying is typically used when applied to fluidized bed gasification technology.

[0003] However, the pneumatic conveying of biomass dry powder presents numerous challenges. The stability of the pneumatic conveying flow rate plays a crucial role in the safe and stable operation of the gasifier. Fluctuations in flow rate can lead to unstable furnace temperature, affecting the quality of the product gas and causing problems such as poor ash discharge or even ash blockage. More seriously, blockages and flow interruptions in several powder conveying pipelines can result in dangerous conditions of excessive oxygen and overheating within the gasifier, potentially even leading to an explosion in extreme cases.

[0004] To address the issue of dry powder delivery pipeline interruptions, current dry powder fluidized bed gasifier technology generally employs interlocked shutdown as a solution. While this method ensures the gasifier avoids excessive oxygen and overheating, guaranteeing operational safety, frequent gasifier shutdowns can lead to significant economic losses, especially for biomass powder which is highly susceptible to blockages and flow interruptions. This severely hinders the development of the biomass-to-green methanol industry.

[0005] For example, the invention patent with publication number CN118360082A discloses a gasification burner that includes multiple parts such as a first ejection component and a second ejection component. By setting up structures such as a disturbance cavity and a swirling device, it solves problems such as uneven fuel injection and insufficient mixing of the combustion aid and fuel to a certain extent, providing a new approach to the design of gasification burners. However, this gasification burner does not mention a specific solution for dealing with the problem of dry powder delivery pipeline interruption, and it may have limitations in adapting to different raw material feeding conditions, especially special materials such as biomass powder. Its structural design and functional implementation mainly focus on the mixing and combustion process of fuel and combustion aid, and do not adequately consider the stability of raw material feeding and the complex influence of raw material characteristics on the gasification process.

[0006] Meanwhile, the performance of dry powder fluidized bed gasification burners urgently needs improvement. Existing gasification burners have several shortcomings: First, the means of adjusting the gasification flow field and reaction are limited, making it impossible to precisely adjust the flow rate of the gasifying agent according to changes in the feed powder flow rate, thus making it difficult to ensure stable and efficient gasification reaction; second, the cooling structure lacks effectiveness, making it prone to damage in high-temperature environments and shortening the service life of the gasification burner; third, the internal flow channel design is unreasonable, failing to promote thorough mixing of the feed powder and gasifying agent, reducing the gasification reaction efficiency; and fourth, the outlet structure is not conducive to forming a good flame shape and a stable flow field and temperature field, negatively impacting the gasification effect. Summary of the Invention

[0007] One object of the present invention is to solve at least the above-mentioned problems and to provide at least the advantages that will be described later.

[0008] Another objective of this invention is to provide a gasification burner that enhances the processing capacity of special raw materials such as biomass powder, ensures the stability of dry powder transportation, reduces the number of gasifier trips, reduces economic losses, and comprehensively improves gasification reaction efficiency and gasification effect.

[0009] To achieve these and other advantages according to the present invention, a gasification burner is provided, which is provided with, from the inside to the outside, the following:

[0010] Ignition fuel passage, which is used to transport ignition fuel;

[0011] An inner ring vaporization channel, which is connected to an inner ring vaporization inlet channel to deliver combustion-supporting agent or inner ring vaporizing agent;

[0012] The outer annular vaporization channel, which is connected to the outer annular vaporization inlet channel to transport the outer annular vaporizing agent; and

[0013] A raw material powder channel, which is provided with multiple raw material powder inlet channels connected to the raw material powder channel to transport raw material powder;

[0014] An ignition mechanism is provided at the ignition point of the ignition fuel channel or the inner ring gasification channel.

[0015] Preferably, each of the raw material powder inlet channels is equipped with a raw material powder shut-off valve and a raw material powder flow meter; the inner ring gasification inlet channel is sequentially equipped with an inner ring shut-off valve, an inner ring regulating valve, and an inner ring flow meter, and the outer ring gasification inlet channel is sequentially equipped with an outer ring shut-off valve, an outer ring regulating valve, and an outer ring flow meter, such that the internal gasification agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring gasification agent flow rate F2 satisfy the following:

[0016] F1 / (F1+F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material flow rate in any normally operating raw material inlet channel to the total raw material flow rate in all normally operating raw material inlet channels.

[0017] Preferably, the gasification burner further includes an inner ring cooling water channel sleeved between the inner ring gasification channel and the outer ring gasification channel, and an outer ring cooling water channel sleeved outside the raw material powder channel.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of spiral-shaped first baffles are uniformly arranged along the axial direction in the raw material powder channel, a plurality of spiral-shaped second baffles are uniformly arranged along the axial direction in the inner annular gasification channel, and a plurality of spiral-shaped third baffles are uniformly arranged along the axial direction in the outer annular gasification channel; wherein, the arrangement rules of the first baffles are as follows:

[0019] When the average particle size of the raw material powder is <30μm, the height of the first turbulence plate is 8~10mm, the spacing is 25~30mm, the width is 10~15mm, and the spiral angle is 15~20°.

[0020] When the average particle size of the raw material powder is less than 50 μm and the height of the first turbulence plate is 11~13 mm, the spacing is 31~35 mm, the width is 16~18 mm, and the spiral angle is 21~35°.

[0021] When the average particle size of the raw material powder is ≥50μm, the height of the first turbulence plate is 14~16mm, the spacing is 36~40mm, the width is 10~15mm, and the spiral angle is 36~45°.

[0022] The second spoiler has a height of 12~18mm, a spacing of 20~30mm, a width of 15~18mm, and a helix angle of 30~45°.

[0023] The third spoiler has a height of 8-13mm, a spacing of 25-35mm, a width of 10-16mm, and a helix angle of 20-35°.

[0024] Preferably, the outlet of the inner ring vaporization channel is tapered; the outlet of the outer ring vaporization channel is configured as an inclined opening that slopes toward the outlet of the inner ring vaporization channel, and the angle between the inclined opening and the vertical direction is 30~60°.

[0025] Preferably, the raw material powder channel is provided with a spiral pipe extending to the gasification burner outlet, and any raw material powder inlet channel is connected to the spiral pipe.

[0026] The present invention further claims a vaporization method for the vaporization burner, comprising:

[0027] S1. Ignition fuel is introduced into the ignition channel, combustion aid is introduced into the inner ring gasification channel, and ignition is achieved through the ignition actuator to form a first flame;

[0028] S2. Raw material powder is conveyed into the raw material powder channel through multiple raw material powder inlet channels, an outer ring gasifying agent is introduced into the outer ring gasification channel, and the raw material powder is ignited by the first flame to form a second flame;

[0029] S3. Stop feeding ignition fuel into the ignition channel and stop feeding combustion aid into the inner ring gasification channel. Then feed inner ring gasification agent into the inner ring gasification channel, so that the raw material powder, outer ring gasification agent and inner ring gasification agent form a third flame and the raw material powder undergoes a gasification reaction.

[0030] S4. By adjusting the inner and outer ring regulating valves, the flow rates of the internal vaporizing agent F1 and the external vaporizing agent F2 are made to satisfy: F1 / (F1+F2) is equal to the ratio of the flow rate of the raw material powder in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the total flow rate of the raw material powder in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels; at the same time, the shape of the third flame changes to change the flow field and temperature field of the vaporizing burner.

[0031] S5. When the raw material flow rate of any raw material inlet channel is detected to be lower than the preset threshold A or the fluctuation range of the raw material flow rate of any raw material inlet channel exceeds the preset threshold B, the raw material shut-off valve on the raw material inlet channel and the inner ring shut-off valve on the inner ring gasification inlet channel are cut off. The inner ring regulating valve and the outer ring regulating valve are adjusted again and the inner ring shut-off valve is opened so that the internal gasification agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring gasification agent flow rate F2 satisfy: F1 / (F1+F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material flow rate in any normally operating raw material inlet channel to the sum of the raw material flow rates in all normally operating raw material inlet channels.

[0032] Preferably, the method for readjusting the inner loop regulating valve and the outer loop regulating valve again in step S5 is as follows:

[0033] S501. Based on the historical operating data of the gasification burner, express the fuzzy control rules in IF-THEN form and construct a fuzzy control rule base.

[0034] S502. Based on the real-time flow rate of the inner ring gasifier, the real-time flow rate of the outer ring gasifier, and the real-time flow rate of the raw material powder in each raw material powder inlet channel, calculate the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC between the actual ratio of the inner ring gasifier flow rate and the outer ring gasifier flow rate and the preset ratio.

[0035] S503. The deviation E and deviation change rate EC calculated in S502 are used as input variables of the fuzzy controller, and the deviation E and deviation change rate EC are respectively assigned to the corresponding fuzzy subsets according to the fuzzy subset partitioning rules to obtain the fuzzy values ​​of the deviation E and deviation change rate EC.

[0036] S504. Select the fuzzy control rule that matches the fuzzy values ​​of deviation E and deviation change rate EC obtained in S503 from the fuzzy control rule base constructed in S501, and use the Mamdani inference method or Larsen inference method to obtain the fuzzy opening range of the inner loop control valve and the outer loop control valve.

[0037] S505. Using the center of gravity method or the maximum membership method, the fuzzy opening range of the inner loop control valve and the outer loop control valve obtained in S504 is converted into the precise opening value of the inner loop control valve and the outer loop control valve, and the inner loop control valve and the outer loop control valve are adjusted.

[0038] Preferably, both the inner ring vaporizing agent and the outer ring vaporizing agent are oxygen-containing gases.

[0039] Preferably, the raw material powder is any one of straw powder, sawdust powder, coal powder, coke powder, and petroleum coke powder.

[0040] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0041] Firstly, the unique structural design of the gasification burner of this invention enables it to better adapt to different raw material feeding conditions, especially for raw materials such as biomass powder, which have poor flowability and are prone to clogging. At the same time, by optimizing the internal flow channel and feeding structure, it effectively reduces the risk of blockage and flow interruption in the dry powder conveying pipeline, ensures the stability of dry powder pneumatic conveying, reduces the number of gasifier trips caused by feeding problems, and thus reduces economic losses.

[0042] Secondly, this invention is equipped with a precise flow regulation structure, which can accurately adjust the flow rate of the gasifying agent according to the changes in the flow rate of the raw material powder, ensuring that the gasification reaction can proceed stably under different operating conditions, improving the efficiency of the gasification reaction, avoiding the problem of insufficient or unstable reaction caused by improper ratio of gasifying agent to raw material powder, and improving the quality of product gas. Depending on the properties of the raw material powder and the state of the gasification reaction, the gasification reaction can be controlled by adjusting the ratio between the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring gasifying agent flow rate F2. If the gasifier outlet temperature is too low, resulting in poor slag discharge, the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate can be increased, the length of the third flame can be increased, and the gasifier outlet temperature can be increased. If the ash content of the raw material powder is low, the outer ring gasifying agent flow rate can be increased, the swirl intensity of the third flame can be increased, so that more raw material slag is drawn onto the gasifier wall, providing sufficient slag layer protection for the wall, while increasing the wall reaction time of the raw material powder and improving the carbon conversion rate.

[0043] Thirdly, the present invention also features an effective cooling channel that can promptly remove the heat generated by the gasification burner under high temperature conditions, reducing the risk of burner damage due to high temperature and extending the service life of the gasification burner; it also reduces equipment maintenance costs and replacement frequency, and improves the continuity and stability of production.

[0044] Fourth, the rationally designed flow channel and baffles inside the gasification burner provided by this invention promote the full mixing of raw material powder and gasifying agent, making the reaction more complete and improving the gasification reaction efficiency; at the same time, the specific outlet structure is conducive to forming a good flame shape and a stable flow field and temperature field, further improving the gasification effect and increasing the yield and quality of syngas.

[0045] Fifth, through improvements in various aspects such as ensuring the stability of dry powder transportation, reducing the number of gasifier trips, and improving gasification reaction efficiency and effect, this invention reduces production costs, improves production efficiency and product quality, enhances the economic benefits and competitiveness of the biomass-to-green methanol process, and promotes the sustainable development of this field.

[0046] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gasification burner described in one technical solution of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gasification burner described in another technical solution of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flow field formed by the gasification burner in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flow field formed by the gasification burner in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flow field formed by the gasification burner in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flow field formed by the gasification burner in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flow field formed by the gasification burner in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0054] The components are as follows: 1. Ignition fuel channel; 10. Ignition fuel inlet channel; 2. Inner ring vaporization channel; 20. Inner ring vaporization inlet channel; 21. Inner ring shut-off valve; 22. Inner ring regulating valve; 23. Inner ring flow meter; 3. Inner ring cooling water channel; 30a. Inner ring cooling water outlet channel; 30b. Inner ring cooling water inlet channel; 4. Outer ring vaporization channel; 40. Outer ring vaporization inlet channel; 41. Outer ring shut-off valve; 42. Outer ring regulating valve; 43. Outer ring flow meter; 5. Raw material powder channel; 50a. First raw material powder inlet channel; 50b. Second raw material powder inlet channel; 501. First raw material powder shut-off valve; 503. First raw material powder flow meter; 511. Second raw material powder shut-off valve; 513. Second raw material powder flow meter; 6. Outer ring cooling water channel; 60a. Outer ring cooling water outlet channel; 60b. Outer ring cooling water inlet channel; 7. Ignition mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0056] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not imply the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0057] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the present invention provides a gasification burner, which is provided with the following components arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside:

[0058] Ignition fuel channel 1, which is used to transport ignition fuel;

[0059] The inner ring vaporization channel 2 is connected to the inner ring vaporization inlet channel 20 to deliver combustion-supporting agent or inner ring vaporizing agent;

[0060] The outer annular vaporization channel 4 is connected to the outer annular vaporization inlet channel 40 to transport the outer annular vaporizing agent; and

[0061] Raw material powder channel 5, which is provided with multiple raw material powder inlet channels connected to the raw material powder channel 5 to transport raw material powder;

[0062] An ignition mechanism 7 is provided at the ignition point of the ignition fuel channel 1 or the inner ring gasification channel 2.

[0063] In the above technical solution, the gasification burner adopts a multi-layered nested structure design, which consists of an ignition fuel channel 1, an inner ring gasification channel 2, an outer ring gasification channel 4, and a raw material powder channel 5, arranged from the inside out. This nested layout allows the functions of each channel to cooperate and orderly complete the material transport and reaction process required for the gasification reaction. Among them, the ignition fuel channel 1 is located at the innermost part of the gasification burner and is connected to the ignition fuel inlet channel 10. Its main function is to transport ignition fuel, which is usually a substance that can burn rapidly and produce a high-temperature flame, such as natural gas or hydrogen. At the beginning of the gasification reaction, the ignition fuel is transported to the ignition point through this channel to provide the initial ignition source for the subsequent gasification reaction. The inner ring gasification channel 2 is connected to the inner ring gasification inlet channel 20. It has two main functions: in the initial stage of the gasification reaction, it can transport an oxidizer, such as oxygen. After the oxidizer mixes with the ignition fuel, it burns rapidly under the action of the ignition mechanism 7, forming a high-temperature flame. After the gasification reaction stabilizes, the inner ring gasification channel 2 transports an inner ring gasifying agent to participate in the gasification reaction of the raw material powder, promoting the complete combustion and conversion of the raw material powder. The outer ring gasification channel 4 is connected to the outer ring gasification inlet channel 40 and is specifically used to transport the outer ring gasifying agent. The outer ring gasifying agent is usually also an oxygen-containing gas. In the gasification reaction, it plays a role in further supplementing oxygen, regulating the reaction atmosphere and temperature distribution, making the gasification reaction more complete and stable. The raw material powder channel 5 is located on the outermost layer of the gasification burner. The raw material powder channel 5 is provided with multiple raw material powder inlet channels, and... Figure 1 Or attach Figure 2 The example illustrates two raw material powder inlet channels, namely the first raw material powder inlet channel 50a and the second raw material powder inlet channel 50b. The function of these multiple raw material powder inlet channels is to uniformly transport the raw material powder into the raw material powder channel 5. The raw material powder can be various powdery materials suitable for gasification, such as straw powder, sawdust powder, coal powder, coke powder, and petroleum coke powder. The raw material powder flows in the channel, encounters the inner and outer ring gasifying agents, and undergoes a gasification reaction to generate syngas and other products. The ignition mechanism 7 is located at the ignition point of the ignition fuel channel 1 or the inner ring gasification channel 2; its function is to ignite the mixture of ignition fuel and combustion aid when the gasification reaction starts, initiating the initial combustion reaction. The ignition mechanism 7 can employ common electric spark ignition devices, high-temperature hot wire ignition devices, etc., to ensure reliable ignition of the fuel and provide a starting point for the smooth progress of the gasification reaction.

[0064] In the above technical solution, one operating process of the gasification burner is as follows:

[0065] Ignition fuel, such as natural gas or hydrogen, is supplied to the gasification burner through ignition fuel channel 1. Simultaneously, an oxidizer, typically oxygen, is supplied through the inner annular gasification channel 2. The flow rates of the ignition fuel and oxidizer are controlled to achieve a suitable ratio, ensuring a stable flame. The ignition mechanism 7 is activated, such as by triggering an electric spark igniter or heating a high-temperature filament, causing the ignition fuel and oxidizer to combust at the ignition point, forming the first flame. The shape and stability of the flame are observed, and stable combustion is ensured by adjusting the flow rates of the ignition fuel and oxidizer. After the first flame has stabilized, raw material powder, such as straw powder or coal powder, is supplied to the raw material powder channel 5 through multiple raw material powder inlet channels. Simultaneously, an outer annular gasifying agent, such as oxygen or air, is introduced into the gasification burner through the outer annular gasification channel 4. After the feedstock powder enters the gasification zone, it is ignited by the first flame and undergoes combustion and gasification reactions with the outer ring gasifying agent, forming the second flame. At this time, the gasification reaction is closely monitored, including changes in flame color, temperature, and pressure. The flow rates of the feedstock powder and the outer ring gasifying agent are adjusted to ensure stable gasification. Once the gasification reaction stabilizes, the supply of ignition fuel to the ignition fuel channel 1 is stopped, and the supply of combustion-supporting agent to the inner ring gasification channel 2 is also stopped. Then, the inner ring gasifying agent, such as oxygen or water vapor, is introduced into the inner ring gasification channel 2, allowing the feedstock powder, outer ring gasifying agent, and inner ring gasifying agent to participate in the gasification reaction together, forming the third flame. By adjusting the inner ring regulating valve 22 and the outer ring regulating valve 42, the flow rates of the inner ring gasifying agent F1 and the outer ring gasifying agent F2 are precisely controlled, ensuring that F1 / (F1 + F2) equals the ratio of the feedstock powder flow rate in any normally operating feedstock powder inlet channel to the total feedstock powder flow rate in all normally operating feedstock powder inlet channels. This ensures thorough mixing and reaction between the raw material powder and the gasifying agent, improving gasification efficiency and syngas quality. Real-time monitoring of the gasification burner's operating parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate, allows for timely adjustments to the flow rate and pressure of each channel based on the monitoring results, guaranteeing that the gasification reaction proceeds under optimal conditions.

[0066] In the above technical solution, placing the ignition fuel channel 1 separately at the innermost part ensures that the ignition fuel is delivered to the ignition point at a stable flow rate and appropriate concentration. The inner ring gasification channel 2 and the outer ring gasification channel 4 allow the gasifying agent to enter the gasification zone from different layers and directions. The inner ring gasifying agent reacts with the feedstock powder near the center, providing an initial high temperature and active atmosphere; the outer ring gasifying agent supplements oxygen around it, regulating the temperature distribution and atmosphere uniformity of the reaction. This layered delivery method of the gasifying agent allows for sufficient contact and mixing between the feedstock powder and the gasifying agent, improving the efficiency and effect of the gasification reaction, promoting the full conversion of the feedstock, and increasing the yield and quality of syngas. Multiple feedstock powder inlet channels are provided on the feedstock powder channel 5, which can evenly disperse the feedstock powder throughout the entire channel. This helps avoid local accumulation or flow deviation of the feedstock powder within the channel, ensuring that the feedstock powder can be uniformly mixed with the gasifying agent, allowing the gasification reaction to proceed uniformly across the entire cross-section, and improving the stability and consistency of the gasification reaction. Since each channel is set up independently, the flow rate, pressure and other parameters of the ignition fuel, inner ring gasifier, outer ring gasifier and raw material powder can be precisely adjusted and controlled. This allows for flexible adjustment of gasification reaction conditions according to different raw material characteristics, gasification process requirements and production load, optimizing the gasification process and improving production flexibility and adaptability.

[0067] It is important to emphasize that this invention incorporates two gasification channels in the gasification burner: an inner ring gasification channel 2 and an outer ring gasification channel 4. The advantages of this design are as follows: the inner ring gasification channel 2 and the outer ring gasification channel 4 can deliver the gasifying agent from different levels and directions. The inner ring gasifying agent first contacts and reacts with the raw material powder near the center, providing a high temperature and active atmosphere, while the outer ring gasifying agent replenishes oxygen from the surrounding area. This stratified delivery allows for more thorough mixing of the gasifying agent and the raw material powder. By separately controlling the flow rate and injection angle of the inner and outer ring gasifying agents, the area and intensity of the gasification reaction can be precisely adjusted. When a high-temperature concentrated reaction is required, the flow rate of the inner ring gasifying agent can be increased; to expand the reaction range, the parameters of the outer ring gasifying agent can be adjusted, making the gasification reaction more suitable for production needs. The outer ring gasifying agent can perform secondary oxidation on incompletely reacted materials, ensuring sufficient reaction of the raw material powder and reducing residual carbon. Properly allocating the ratio and flow rate of the inner and outer ring gasifying agents helps to form a stable and ideal flame pattern. The outer ring gasifying agent can, to some extent, cool the burner's outer wall, reducing damage to the burner structure caused by high temperatures. Especially in high-temperature gasification environments, this can extend the burner's service life and reduce equipment replacement costs. The gasifying agents delivered through different channels can regulate the temperature distribution inside the burner, ensuring uniform thermal stress in all parts of the burner, reducing structural damage caused by thermal expansion and contraction, and improving the burner's reliability and safety. For raw material powders of different properties, such as straw powder, coal powder, and coke powder, the gasification reaction can be optimized by adjusting the flow rate and composition of the inner and outer ring gasifying agents. The gasifying agent parameters of the two channels can be flexibly adjusted under different operating conditions such as start-up, normal operation, and shutdown of the gasifier.

[0068] In another specific technical solution of the present invention, a raw material powder shut-off valve and a raw material powder flow meter are provided on any of the raw material powder inlet channels; Appendix Figure 1 Or attach Figure 2 The first raw material powder inlet channel 50a shown in the figure is equipped with a first raw material powder shut-off valve 501 and a first raw material powder flow meter 503. The second raw material powder inlet channel 50b is equipped with a second raw material powder shut-off valve 511 and a second raw material powder flow meter 513. The inner ring gasification inlet channel 20 is equipped with an inner ring shut-off valve 21, an inner ring regulating valve 22 and an inner ring flow meter 23 in sequence. The outer ring gasification inlet channel 40 is equipped with an outer ring shut-off valve 41, an outer ring regulating valve 42 and an outer ring flow meter 43 in sequence, so that the internal gasification agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring gasification agent flow rate F2 satisfy:

[0069] F1 / (F1+F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material flow rate in any normally operating raw material inlet channel to the total raw material flow rate in all normally operating raw material inlet channels.

[0070] In the above technical solution, a raw material powder shut-off valve and a raw material powder flow meter are installed on each raw material powder inlet channel. The function of the raw material powder shut-off valve is to cut off the supply of raw material powder when needed. For example, when an abnormality in the raw material powder flow is detected or an emergency occurs, the valve can be quickly closed to stop the delivery of raw material powder and ensure the safety of the system. The raw material powder flow meter is used to monitor the flow rate of raw material powder through the inlet channel in real time, providing accurate data for subsequent flow regulation and control. An inner ring shut-off valve 21, an inner ring regulating valve 22, and an inner ring flow meter 23 are installed sequentially on the inner ring gasification inlet channel 20. The inner ring shut-off valve 21 is similar to the raw material powder shut-off valve and is used to cut off the supply of inner ring gasifying agent in an emergency. The inner ring regulating valve 22 can adjust the flow rate of inner ring gasifying agent according to actual needs to adapt to different gasification reaction conditions. The inner ring flow meter 23 is used to accurately measure the flow rate of inner ring gasifying agent and provide feedback information for flow regulation. The outer ring vaporization inlet channel 40 is equipped with an outer ring shut-off valve 41, an outer ring regulating valve 42, and an outer ring flow meter 43. Their functions are similar to those of the components on the inner ring vaporization inlet channel 20, and they are used to shut off the supply of the outer ring vaporizing agent, regulate the flow rate of the outer ring vaporizing agent, and measure the flow rate of the outer ring vaporizing agent, respectively.

[0071] In the above technical solution, the internal vaporizing agent flow rate F1 and the external annular vaporizing agent flow rate F2 satisfy the following:

[0072] F1 / (F1+F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material flow rate in any normally operating raw material inlet channel to the total raw material flow rate in all normally operating raw material inlet channels. This means that the distribution of the gasifying agent is dynamically adjusted according to the flow distribution of the raw material to ensure that the raw material in each area receives a suitable proportion of gasifying agent, thereby achieving a uniform and efficient gasification reaction. If F1 / (F1+F2) is less than the raw material flow rate ratio, it indicates that the inner loop gasifying agent flow rate is relatively insufficient. The control system will increase the opening of the inner loop regulating valve 22 and may appropriately decrease the opening of the outer loop regulating valve 42 to increase the inner loop gasifying agent flow rate, making F1 / (F1+F2) approach the raw material flow rate ratio. Conversely, if F1 / (F1+F2) is greater than the raw material flow rate ratio, the opening of the inner loop regulating valve 22 will be decreased, and the opening of the outer loop regulating valve 42 may be appropriately increased to achieve a precise match between the gasifying agent flow rate and the raw material flow rate.

[0073] In the above technical solution, by monitoring the feedstock flow rate in real time and adjusting the flow ratio of the gasifying agent in the inner and outer rings accordingly, the gasifying agent and feedstock can be precisely matched at all locations. This avoids incomplete reactions in certain areas due to excessive or insufficient gasifying agent, thus improving the conversion rate of the feedstock and the overall efficiency of the gasification reaction. The real-time monitoring and adjustment function allows operators to optimize and adjust according to actual production conditions. By analyzing flow data and reaction results, the distribution ratio of the gasifying agent can be continuously optimized, improving production efficiency and product quality while reducing production costs. This ensures a more uniform gasification reaction throughout the entire gasification space. A uniform reaction avoids localized overheating or overcooling, reduces side reactions, and improves the quality and yield of the syngas.

[0074] In another specific technical solution of the present invention, the gasification burner further includes an inner ring cooling water channel 3 sleeved between the inner ring gasification channel 2 and the outer ring gasification channel 4, and an outer ring cooling water channel 6 sleeved outside the raw material powder channel 5, which serves to protect the gasification burner, improve reaction stability, and extend the service life of the equipment. Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, the inner ring cooling water channel 3 is provided with an inner ring cooling water outlet channel 30a and an inner ring cooling water inlet channel 30b; the outer ring cooling water channel 6 is provided with an outer ring cooling water outlet channel 60a and an outer ring cooling water inlet channel 60b. The gasification process generates extremely high temperatures, which cause thermal expansion of the burner material. Differences in thermal expansion between different parts lead to thermal stress. The presence of the inner ring cooling water channel 3 and the outer ring cooling water channel 6 can effectively remove heat, reduce the temperature gradient between different parts of the burner, and thus reduce thermal stress. The inner ring cooling water channel 3 can also be used to protect the burner from high-temperature thermal radiation when the first flame is present, as the calorific value of the ignition fuel is too high.

[0075] In another specific technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of spiral-shaped first baffles are uniformly arranged along the axial direction in the raw material powder channel 5; a plurality of spiral-shaped second baffles are uniformly arranged along the axial direction in the inner annular gasification channel 2; and a plurality of spiral-shaped third baffles are uniformly arranged along the axial direction in the outer annular gasification channel 4. The arrangement rules for the first baffles are as follows:

[0076] When the average particle size of the raw material powder is <30μm, the height of the first turbulence plate is 8~10mm, the spacing is 25~30mm, the width is 10~15mm, and the spiral angle is 15~20°.

[0077] When the average particle size of the raw material powder is less than 50 μm and the height of the first turbulence plate is 11~13 mm, the spacing is 31~35 mm, the width is 16~18 mm, and the spiral angle is 21~35°.

[0078] When the average particle size of the raw material powder is ≥50μm, the height of the first turbulence plate is 14~16mm, the spacing is 36~40mm, the width is 10~15mm, and the spiral angle is 36~45°.

[0079] The second spoiler has a height of 12~18mm, a spacing of 20~30mm, a width of 15~18mm, and a helix angle of 30~45°.

[0080] The third spoiler has a height of 8-13mm, a spacing of 25-35mm, a width of 10-16mm, and a helix angle of 20-35°.

[0081] In the above technical solution, the gasification burner has spiral-shaped baffles evenly arranged along the axis of each of the raw material powder channel 5, the inner ring gasification channel 2, and the outer ring gasification channel 4. These baffles are designated as the first baffle, the second baffle, and the third baffle. The specific dimensional parameters (height, spacing, width, and spiral angle) of the first baffle are adjusted according to the average particle size of the raw material powder. The first baffle enables the raw material powder to form a spiral flow trajectory within the channel, breaking up the agglomeration of the raw material powder and dispersing it more evenly within the channel. In particular, adjusting the baffle parameters according to the particle size of the raw material powder can achieve the best dispersion effect for raw material powders with different characteristics, laying the foundation for thorough mixing with the gasifying agent in the subsequent process. The second baffle plate is located within the inner ring gasification channel 2, with a height of 12-8 mm, a spacing of 20-30 mm, a width of 15-18 mm, and a helical angle of 30-45°. The third baffle plate is located within the outer ring gasification channel 4, with a height of 8-13 mm, a spacing of 25-35 mm, a width of 10-16 mm, and a helical angle of 20-35°. The second and third baffle plates create a swirling flow of the gasifying agent in the inner and outer rings. When the gasifying agent encounters the dispersed raw material powder, the swirling gasifying agent can more fully penetrate and mix with the raw material powder, increasing the contact area and mixing uniformity between reactants, which is beneficial for accelerating the gasification reaction. The different sizes and helical angles are designed to adapt to the flow characteristics and functional requirements of the inner and outer ring gasifying agents, allowing the gasifying agent to form a suitable swirling state within the channels. Simultaneously, the presence of the baffle plates can regulate the flow velocity and direction of the fluid within the channels, resulting in a more uniform and stable airflow distribution. This helps avoid problems such as local overheating and flow deviation caused by uneven airflow, ensuring that the gasification reaction proceeds uniformly across the entire burner cross-section, and improving the stability and reliability of the gasification process.

[0082] like Figure 2As shown, in another specific technical solution of the present invention, the outlet of the inner ring gasification channel 2 is tapered; the outlet of the outer ring gasification channel 4 is configured as an inclined opening towards the outlet of the inner ring gasification channel 2, the angle between the inclined opening and the vertical direction being 30~60°. The tapered design of the outlet of the inner ring gasification channel 2 allows the inner ring gasifying agent to be ejected at a higher speed, forming a strong jet at the outlet; the high-speed jet helps to entrain the surrounding raw material powder, increasing the contact area and mixing degree between the inner ring gasifying agent and the raw material powder, making the two more thoroughly mixed. The inclined design of the outlet of the outer ring gasification channel 4 allows the outer ring gasifying agent to be directionally sprayed towards the outlet of the inner ring gasification channel 2 at a certain angle. The directional spraying method allows it to collide and cross with the mixture of the inner ring gasifying agent and the raw material powder, further promoting the mixing between the outer ring gasifying agent, the inner ring gasifying agent, and the raw material powder. By enhancing material mixing, more raw material powder can come into contact with sufficient gasifying agent, providing more favorable conditions for the gasification reaction. Thorough mixing of the feedstock powder and the gasifying agent means that more reactive sites can participate in the reaction, thereby increasing the reaction opportunity, accelerating the reaction rate, and improving the efficiency of the gasification reaction. The optimized outlet angle of the outer ring gasification channel 4 is 30~60°, which ensures that the outer ring gasifying agent has sufficient impact force to mix with the internal stream, while avoiding the mixing effect being affected by an angle that is too large or too small. The appropriate angle allows the outer ring gasifying agent to act accurately on the inner ring stream, forming a good mixing zone, improving the overall mixing uniformity, and thus reducing the possibility of carbon deposition and slagging.

[0083] In another specific technical solution of the present invention, the raw material powder channel 5 is provided with a spiral pipe extending to the outlet of the gasification burner, and any raw material powder inlet channel is connected to the spiral pipe. The spiral pipe guides the raw material powder in a spiral motion, making the raw material powder more evenly distributed on the cross-section of the channel, laying the foundation for uniform mixing with the gasifying agent, thereby improving the uniformity and completeness of the gasification reaction. The special structure of the spiral pipe also allows the raw material powder entering from different raw material powder inlet channels to be fully mixed in the spiral motion, avoiding segregation or local accumulation of raw material powder in the channel. During the operation of the gasification burner, the delivery of raw material powder may be affected by various factors, such as pressure fluctuations and instability of the feeding equipment, resulting in fluctuations in the raw material powder flow rate. The structure of the spiral pipe can alleviate these fluctuations to a certain extent, allowing the raw material powder to be delivered to the outlet at a relatively stable speed and flow rate. Stable raw material powder delivery helps maintain the stable progress of the gasification reaction, reduces reaction fluctuations caused by unstable raw material powder supply, and improves the stability and reliability of the gasification process. The spiral motion of the raw material powder in the spiral pipe can change the flow field distribution inside the gasification burner, making the flow of gas and raw material powder more orderly and rational.

[0084] The present invention further claims a vaporization method for the vaporization burner, comprising:

[0085] S1. Ignition fuel is introduced into the ignition channel, combustion aid is introduced into the inner ring gasification channel 2, and ignition is achieved through the ignition actuator to form the first flame;

[0086] S2. Raw material powder is conveyed into the raw material powder channel 5 through multiple raw material powder inlet channels, and an outer ring gasification agent is introduced into the outer ring gasification channel 4. The raw material powder is ignited by the first flame to form a second flame.

[0087] S3. After stopping the supply of ignition fuel to the ignition channel and stopping the supply of combustion aid to the inner ring gasification channel 2, the inner ring gasification agent is supplied to the inner ring gasification channel 2, so that the raw material powder, the outer ring gasification agent and the inner ring gasification agent form a third flame and the raw material powder undergoes a gasification reaction.

[0088] S4. By adjusting the inner ring regulating valve 22 and the outer ring regulating valve 42, the flow rates of the internal gasifying agent F1 and the external ring gasifying agent F2 are made to satisfy: F1 / (F1+F2) is equal to the ratio of the flow rate of the raw material powder in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the sum of the flow rates of the raw material powder in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels; at the same time, the shape of the third flame changes to change the flow field and temperature field of the gasification burner.

[0089] S5. When the raw material flow rate of any raw material inlet channel is detected to be lower than the preset threshold A or the fluctuation range of the raw material flow rate of any raw material inlet channel exceeds the preset threshold B, the raw material cut-off valve on the raw material inlet channel and the inner ring cut-off valve 21 on the inner ring gasification inlet channel 20 are cut off. The inner ring regulating valve 22 and the outer ring regulating valve 42 are adjusted again and the inner ring cut-off valve 21 is opened so that the internal gasification agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring gasification agent flow rate F2 satisfy: F1 / (F1+F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material flow rate in any normally operating raw material inlet channel to the sum of the raw material flow rates in all normally operating raw material inlet channels.

[0090] In the above technical solution, preset thresholds A and B are pre-set. Preset threshold A is determined based on the minimum raw material powder flow rate required for the gasification reaction, and preset threshold B is set based on the normal fluctuation range of the raw material powder flow rate and the stability requirements of the gasification reaction. The fluctuation range of the raw material powder flow rate in any raw material powder inlet channel refers to the fluctuation range of the raw material powder flow rate in any second relative to the raw material powder flow rate in the previous second, not the cumulative fluctuation range over a period of time (i.e., the fluctuation range of the raw material powder flow rate after a period of time relative to the initial raw material powder flow rate). This is because slight fluctuations in the raw material powder flow rate have a relatively small impact, and in actual operation, the cumulative fluctuation range of the raw material powder flow rate after 24 hours only needs to be within the allowable range.

[0091] A specific example of the above technical solution is as follows: the preset threshold A is set to 30% of the normal raw material powder flow rate, and the preset threshold B is set to ±20% of the normal raw material powder flow rate.

[0092] The specific execution method of step S1 is as follows: Open the valve of ignition fuel channel 1 to introduce ignition fuel into the ignition channel, and control the flow rate of ignition fuel (e.g., 5 m³ / h) to a suitable value. At this point, open the valve of inner ring gasification channel 2 to introduce combustion oxidizer (oxygen) into the inner ring gasification channel 2, and adjust the flow rate of combustion oxidizer to achieve a suitable combustion ratio between combustion oxidizer and ignition fuel (oxygen to natural gas volume ratio of 1.6:1). Activate the ignition actuator, such as triggering an electric spark igniter, so that the ignition fuel and combustion oxidizer undergo a combustion reaction at the ignition point, forming the first flame. Observe the morphology and stability of the first flame, and ensure stable combustion of the first flame by adjusting the flow rates of ignition fuel and combustion oxidizer.

[0093] The initial flame provides a stable high-temperature heat source for the subsequent ignition of the raw material powder, enabling it to quickly ignite and initiate a gasification reaction. This rapid start-up method reduces reaction start-up time, improves production efficiency, and lowers energy consumption.

[0094] The specific execution method of step S2 is as follows: Start the raw material powder conveying equipment and convey raw material powder (straw powder) into raw material powder channel 5 through multiple raw material powder inlet channels, controlling the total flow rate of raw material powder (500 kg / h); simultaneously, open the valve of the outer ring gasification channel 4 and introduce the outer ring gasifying agent (oxygen) into the outer ring gasification channel 4, adjusting the flow rate of the outer ring gasifying agent to meet the initial combustion requirements of the raw material powder; after entering the gasification zone, the raw material powder is ignited by the first flame and undergoes combustion and gasification reaction with the outer ring gasifying agent to form the second flame. At this time, closely monitor the shape, color, and temperature changes of the second flame, and ensure stable combustion of the second flame by adjusting the flow rates of the raw material powder and the outer ring gasifying agent.

[0095] The specific execution method for step S3 is as follows: After the second flame has been burning stably for a period of time, stop supplying ignition fuel into the ignition channel and close the valve of ignition fuel channel 1. Simultaneously, stop supplying combustion-supporting agent into the inner annular gasification channel 2 and close the combustion-supporting agent supply valve on the inner annular gasification channel 2; open the inner annular gasifying agent supply valve on the inner annular gasification channel 2 and introduce the inner annular gasifying agent (a mixture of oxygen and water vapor) into the inner annular gasification channel 2. Adjust the flow rate of the inner annular gasifying agent so that the raw material powder, outer annular gasifying agent, and inner annular gasifying agent all participate in the gasification reaction, forming the third flame. Observe the morphology of the third flame and the gasification reaction, and ensure the stable progress of the gasification reaction by adjusting the flow rates of the inner and outer annular gasifying agents.

[0096] By first introducing ignition fuel into the ignition channel, then introducing combustion-supporting agent into the inner ring gasification channel 2 and igniting it to form the first flame, followed by introducing raw material powder and outer ring gasifying agent to form the second flame, and finally switching to the inner ring gasifying agent to form the third flame, this stepwise ignition and reaction initiation method allows the gasification reaction to begin smoothly and orderly. This avoids problems such as deflagration and reaction instability that may result from directly introducing large amounts of raw materials and gasifying agents, laying a good foundation for a stable subsequent gasification reaction. The flow field and temperature field of the gasification burner are altered by changing the shape of the third flame. Operators can adjust the flame shape by adjusting the gasifying agent flow rate according to the actual reaction conditions, thereby optimizing the flow field and temperature field distribution. This allows the gasification reaction to maintain its optimal reaction state under different raw material characteristics and production loads, improving the flexibility and adaptability of the reaction.

[0097] The specific execution method of step S4 is as follows: The raw material powder flow meter on each raw material powder inlet channel monitors the raw material powder flow rate in real time. The inner loop flow meter 23 and the outer loop flow meter 43 monitor the inner loop gasifying agent flow rate F1 and the outer loop gasifying agent flow rate F2 in real time, respectively. The control system collects the raw material powder flow rate data of all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels and calculates the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the sum of the raw material powder flow rates in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels. The control system compares the actual value of F1 / (F1 + F2) with the calculated raw material powder flow rate ratio. If there is a deviation between the two, the control system sends adjustment signals to the inner loop regulating valve 22 and the outer loop regulating valve 42 according to the preset control algorithm.

[0098] If F1 / (F1 + F2) is less than the ratio of raw material powder flow rate, it indicates that the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate is relatively insufficient. The control system will increase the opening of the inner ring regulating valve 22 and may appropriately decrease the opening of the outer ring regulating valve 42 to increase the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate F1, making F1 / (F1 + F2) approach the raw material powder flow rate ratio. Conversely, if F1 / (F1 + F2) is greater than the raw material powder flow rate ratio, the opening of the inner ring regulating valve 22 will be decreased, and the opening of the outer ring regulating valve 42 will be increased. During the adjustment process, the shape of the third flame will change accordingly with the change of the gasifying agent flow rate, thereby changing the flow field and temperature field of the gasification burner. The changes in the flow field and temperature field are monitored in real time to ensure that they meet the requirements of the gasification reaction.

[0099] By adjusting the inner ring regulating valve 22 and the outer ring regulating valve 42, the flow rates of the inner ring gasifying agent and the outer ring gasifying agent can meet a specific ratio. Precise flow control can accurately distribute the gasifying agent according to the actual distribution of the raw material powder, ensuring that the raw material powder in each area can obtain a suitable proportion of gasifying agent, thereby achieving a more complete and efficient gasification reaction.

[0100] The specific execution method of step S5 is as follows: The raw material powder flow meter on each raw material powder inlet channel continuously monitors the raw material powder flow rate. When the raw material powder flow rate of any raw material powder inlet channel is detected to be lower than the preset threshold A or the flow rate fluctuation exceeds the preset threshold B, the control system immediately issues a command to cut off the raw material cut-off valve on that raw material powder inlet channel, stop the raw material powder supply to that channel, and simultaneously cut off the inner ring cut-off valve 21 on the inner ring gasification inlet channel 20, stop the supply of the corresponding gasifying agent to the inner ring gasification channel 2; recalculate the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in the remaining normally operating raw material powder inlet channels to the sum of the raw material powder flow rates in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels. Based on the new ratio, the control system readjusts the opening of the inner ring regulating valve 22 and the outer ring regulating valve 42. After adjustment, open the inner ring shut-off valve 21 to make the internal vaporizing agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring vaporizing agent flow rate F2 satisfy a new proportional relationship, that is, F1 / (F1 + F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the sum of the raw material powder flow rates in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels.

[0101] During the gasification process, the feed powder flow rate is monitored in real time. When an abnormal feed powder flow rate is detected (below a preset threshold A or the fluctuation exceeds a preset threshold B), the corresponding feed cut-off valve and inner ring cut-off valve 21 can be quickly shut off, and the gasifying agent flow rate can be readjusted. This real-time monitoring and rapid response mechanism can handle abnormal situations in a timely manner, avoiding problems such as reaction runaway and equipment damage caused by unstable feed supply, thus enhancing the stability of the system. Shutting off the abnormal feed powder inlet channel and the corresponding inner ring gasification inlet channel 20 can isolate the fault area and prevent the abnormal situation from spreading to the entire gasification system. At the same time, the gasifying agent flow rate is readjusted to accommodate the remaining normally operating feed powder channel 5, ensuring that the system can continue to operate stably even under partial failure, thus improving the safety and reliability of the system.

[0102] The gasification method described above can dynamically adjust the gasifying agent flow rate according to the flow distribution of different raw material powders, thus adapting to a variety of raw material powders with different characteristics, such as coal powder and biomass powder. For raw material powders of different particle sizes and volatile matter contents, efficient gasification reactions can be achieved by adjusting the gasifying agent flow rate, broadening the applicable range of raw materials for gasification burners.

[0103] In another specific technical solution of the present invention, the method for readjusting the inner ring regulating valve 22 and the outer ring regulating valve 42 again in step S5 is as follows:

[0104] S501. Based on the historical operating data of the gasification burner, express the fuzzy control rules in IF-THEN form and construct a fuzzy control rule base.

[0105] S502. Based on the real-time flow rate of the inner ring gasifier, the real-time flow rate of the outer ring gasifier, and the real-time flow rate of the raw material powder in each raw material powder inlet channel, calculate the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC between the actual ratio of the inner ring gasifier flow rate and the outer ring gasifier flow rate and the preset ratio.

[0106] S503. The deviation E and deviation change rate EC calculated in S502 are used as input variables of the fuzzy controller, and the deviation E and deviation change rate EC are respectively assigned to the corresponding fuzzy subsets according to the fuzzy subset partitioning rules to obtain the fuzzy values ​​of the deviation E and deviation change rate EC.

[0107] S504. Select the fuzzy control rule that matches the fuzzy values ​​of deviation E and deviation change rate EC obtained in S503 from the fuzzy control rule base constructed in S501, and use the Mamdani inference method or Larsen inference method to obtain the fuzzy opening range of the inner loop regulating valve 22 and the outer loop regulating valve 42.

[0108] S505. Using the centroid method or the maximum membership method, the fuzzy opening range of the inner loop regulating valve 22 and the outer loop regulating valve 42 obtained in S504 is converted into the precise opening value of the inner loop regulating valve 22 and the outer loop regulating valve 42, and the inner loop regulating valve 22 and the outer loop regulating valve 42 are adjusted.

[0109] In the above technical solution, the relationship between the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate, the outer ring gasifying agent flow rate, and the raw material powder flow rate during the gasification process is a complex nonlinear relationship, which is difficult to describe with a precise mathematical model. Fuzzy control, based on fuzzy rules and fuzzy inference, can effectively handle this complex nonlinear relationship. It can construct a fuzzy control rule base based on the historical operating data of the gasification burner, comprehensively considering control strategies under various operating conditions, thereby more accurately adjusting the inner ring regulating valve 22 and the outer ring regulating valve 42, making the gasifying agent flow ratio more consistent with the preset requirements, and improving control accuracy. Furthermore, many uncertainties exist during the gasification process, such as measurement errors and environmental interference. The fuzzy control method has a certain fault tolerance capability; through fuzzy subset partitioning and fuzzy inference, it can tolerate the influence of these uncertainties to a certain extent. Even in the presence of measurement errors or slight interference, it can make reasonable control decisions based on fuzzy rules, ensuring stable system operation. By calculating the deviation and rate of change of the actual ratio of the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate to the outer ring gasifying agent flow rate from the preset ratio, and using this as the input variable for fuzzy controller fuzzy inference and control, the regulating valves can be adjusted more promptly and accurately. Control methods based on deviation and the rate of change of deviation can effectively reduce control errors and avoid system fluctuations caused by untimely control or over-adjustment. When dealing with situations such as abnormal feed powder flow rates, it can quickly and stably adjust the gasifying agent flow ratio to an appropriate value, enhancing the stability of the gasification system.

[0110] In another specific technical solution of the present invention, both the inner ring gasifier and the outer ring gasifier are oxygen-containing gases, which play a role in promoting complete combustion and gasification. At the same time, when the oxygen-containing gas participates in the reaction, it releases a large amount of heat, which can enhance the heat and mass transfer of the reaction. The complete gasification reaction can also reduce the residue of unreacted substances and impurities in the raw material powder, and reduce the content of impurities such as tar and dust in the synthesis gas.

[0111] In another specific technical solution of this invention, the raw material powder is any one of straw powder, sawdust powder, coal powder, coke powder, and petroleum coke powder. The gasification burner provided by this invention is suitable for raw material powders from different sources. Different raw material powders can produce syngas with different compositions and properties during the gasification process. By adjusting the type of raw material powder and the gasification process parameters, syngas suitable for different applications can be produced, such as syngas for synthesizing chemical products like methanol and ammonia, or fuel gas for gas turbine power generation, thus improving production flexibility and product diversity.

[0112] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention:

[0113] Example 1

[0114] The raw material powder has an ash content of 28% and an ash melting point of 1450℃, characterized by high ash content and high ash melting point. It requires a large slag discharge volume and a high slag discharge temperature. Improper operation leading to excessively low slag outlet temperature will reduce the viscosity of the ash near the outlet, making it difficult to flow and discharge, and easily clogging the outlet. The first baffle in the raw material powder channel has a height of 12mm, a spacing of 35mm, a width of 18mm, and a spiral angle of 25°. The third baffle in the outer ring gasification channel has a height of 9mm, a spacing of 30mm, a width of 12mm, and a spiral angle of 24°. There is no second baffle. By adjusting the inner and outer ring regulating valves, the proportion of the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate to the total flow rate is set to 30%, increasing the length of the third flame and raising the slag outlet temperature to over 1500℃. The low viscosity and easy flow of the ash at the outlet ensure smooth slag discharge and stable operation of the gasifier. The flow field diagram formed by the gasification burner at this point is shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0115] Example 2

[0116] The raw material powder has an ash content of 5% and an ash melting point of 1100℃, characterized by low ash content and low ash melting point, making slag removal relatively easy. However, if the gasifier has a water-cooled wall lining, the water-cooled wall may not receive sufficient slag layer protection. A spiral pipe is installed within the raw material powder channel; the third baffle in the outer ring gasification channel has a height of 9mm, a spacing of 30mm, a width of 12mm, and a spiral angle of 24°. There is no second baffle. By adjusting the inner and outer ring regulating valves, the proportion of the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate to the total flow rate is set to 16%, providing a greater velocity component towards the wall after the raw material powder exits the burner. This allows more raw material slag to be entrained onto the gasifier wall, providing sufficient slag layer protection. The flow field diagram formed by the gasification burner at this time is shown below. Figure 4 As shown.

[0117] Example 3

[0118] The feedstock powder is coke powder, characterized by poor reactivity, requiring a long residence time for complete reaction. A spiral pipe is installed within the feedstock powder channel; the third baffle in the outer ring gasification channel has a height of 9mm, a spacing of 30mm, a width of 12mm, and a spiral angle of 24°. There is no second baffle. By adjusting the inner and outer ring regulating valves, the proportion of the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate to the total flow rate is set to 7%, increasing the swirling intensity of the third flame, enhancing the mixing of the feedstock powder and gasifying agent, and strengthening the gasification reaction of the feedstock powder. Simultaneously, the swirling flow causes more feedstock powder to move to the gasifier wall. The residence time of the feedstock powder flowing downwards on the gasifier wall is much longer than its residence time in the gas phase space of the gasifier, thereby increasing the reaction time of the feedstock powder and improving the carbon conversion rate. The flow field diagram formed by the gasification burner at this time is shown in the figure below. Figure 5 As shown.

[0119] Example 4

[0120] The raw material powder has an average particle size of 80μm, which is small and allows for good airflow following. However, the conveying concentration of the raw material powder using pneumatic conveying is low, less than 200kg / m3, and fluctuations in the conveying concentration can easily affect the stability of the gasification reaction. The third baffle in the outer ring gasification channel has a height of 9mm, a spacing of 30mm, a width of 12mm, and a spiral angle of 24°. There are no first or second baffles. By adjusting the inner and outer ring regulating valves, the proportion of the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate to the total flow rate is set to 80%, increasing the jet intensity of the third flame and thus forming a reflux zone. The reflux of high-temperature gas provides a stable heat source for the gasification of the raw material at the burner outlet, stabilizing combustion and the gasification reaction. Due to the small particle size and good gas following, most particles reflux with the airflow and do not flow directly out of the gasifier with the jet flame. The flow field diagram formed by the gasification burner at this time is shown in the figure below. Figure 6 As shown.

[0121] Example 5

[0122] The raw material powder is straw powder, with an average particle size of 200μm. However, straw powder has poor sphericity, appearing as long fibers or flat flakes, which easily causes blockage during transport, resulting in unstable transport or flow interruption. There are four raw material powder inlets, each with a flow rate of 10t / h. The second baffle in the inner ring gasification channel has a height of 16mm, a spacing of 25mm, a width of 16mm, and a spiral angle of 35°. The third baffle in the outer ring gasification channel has a height of 9mm, a spacing of 30mm, a width of 12mm, and a spiral angle of 24°. By adjusting the inner and outer ring regulating valves, the proportion of the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate to the total flow rate is set to 25%, which is equal to the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the sum of the raw material powder flow rates in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels. The flow field diagram formed by the gasification burner at this point is shown in the figure below. Figure 7 As shown.

[0123] When the raw material flow rate of any raw material inlet channel is detected to be lower than the preset threshold A (A=3t / h) or the fluctuation range of the raw material flow rate of any raw material inlet channel exceeds the preset threshold B (B=2t / h), the raw material shut-off valve on the raw material inlet channel and the inner ring shut-off valve 21 on the inner ring gasification inlet channel 20 are cut off. The inner ring regulating valve 22 and the outer ring regulating valve 42 are adjusted again and the inner ring shut-off valve 21 is opened so that the internal gasification agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring gasification agent flow rate F2 satisfy: F1 / (F1+F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material flow rate in any normally operating raw material inlet channel to the sum of the raw material flow rates in all normally operating raw material inlet channels.

[0124] The number of devices and processing scale described herein are for the purpose of simplifying the description of the invention. Applications, modifications, and variations of the gasification burner and gasification method of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0125] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A gasification burner, characterized in that, It is fitted with the following from the inside out: Ignition fuel passage, which is used to transport ignition fuel; The inner ring vaporization channel is connected to the inner ring vaporization inlet channel to deliver combustion-supporting agent or inner ring vaporizing agent; An outer ring gasification channel, which is connected to an outer ring gasification inlet channel to transport an outer ring gasification agent; and a raw material powder channel, which is provided with a plurality of raw material powder inlet channels connected to the raw material powder channel to transport raw material powder; An ignition mechanism is provided at the ignition point of the ignition fuel channel or the inner ring gasification channel. Multiple spiral-shaped first baffles are uniformly arranged along the axial direction within the raw material powder channel; multiple spiral-shaped second baffles are uniformly arranged along the axial direction within the inner annular gasification channel; and multiple spiral-shaped third baffles are uniformly arranged along the axial direction within the outer annular gasification channel. The arrangement rules for the first baffles are as follows: When the average particle size of the raw material powder is <30μm, the height of the first turbulence plate is 8~10mm, the spacing is 25~30mm, the width is 10~15mm, and the spiral angle is 15~20°. When the average particle size of the raw material powder is less than 50 μm and the height of the first turbulence plate is 11~13 mm, the spacing is 31~35 mm, the width is 16~18 mm, and the spiral angle is 21~35°. When the average particle size of the raw material powder is ≥50μm, the height of the first turbulence plate is 14~16mm, the spacing is 36~40mm, the width is 10~15mm, and the spiral angle is 36~45°. The second spoiler has a height of 12~18mm, a spacing of 20~30mm, a width of 15~18mm, and a helix angle of 30~45°. The third spoiler has a height of 8-13mm, a spacing of 25-35mm, a width of 10-16mm, and a helix angle of 20-35°.

2. The gasification burner as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned raw material powder inlet channels is equipped with a raw material powder shut-off valve and a raw material powder flow meter; the inner ring gasification inlet channel is sequentially equipped with an inner ring shut-off valve, an inner ring regulating valve, and an inner ring flow meter, and the outer ring gasification inlet channel is sequentially equipped with an outer ring shut-off valve, an outer ring regulating valve, and an outer ring flow meter, such that the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring gasifying agent flow rate F2 satisfy the following: F1 / (F1+F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material flow rate in any normally operating raw material inlet channel to the total raw material flow rate in all normally operating raw material inlet channels.

3. The gasification burner as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an inner ring cooling water channel fitted between the inner ring gasification channel and the outer ring gasification channel, and an outer ring cooling water channel fitted outside the raw material powder channel.

4. The gasification burner as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the inner ring vaporization channel is tapered; the outlet of the outer ring vaporization channel is set as an inclined opening that slopes towards the outlet of the inner ring vaporization channel, and the angle between the inclined opening and the vertical direction is 30~60°.

5. The gasification burner as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The raw material powder channel is provided with a spiral pipe extending to the gasification burner outlet, and any raw material powder inlet channel is connected to the spiral pipe.

6. The gasification method of the gasification burner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, include: S1. Ignition fuel is introduced into the ignition fuel channel, and combustion improver is introduced into the inner ring gasification channel, and ignition is carried out by the ignition mechanism to form a first flame; S2. Raw material powder is conveyed into the raw material powder channel through multiple raw material powder inlet channels, an outer ring gasifying agent is introduced into the outer ring gasification channel, and the raw material powder is ignited by the first flame to form a second flame; S3. Stop feeding ignition fuel into the ignition channel and stop feeding combustion aid into the inner ring gasification channel. Then feed inner ring gasification agent into the inner ring gasification channel, so that the raw material powder, outer ring gasification agent and inner ring gasification agent form a third flame and the raw material powder undergoes a gasification reaction. S4. By adjusting the inner ring regulating valve and the outer ring regulating valve, the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring gasifying agent flow rate F2 are made to satisfy: F1 / (F1+F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the total raw material powder flow rate in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels; at the same time, the shape of the third flame changes to change the flow field and temperature field of the gasification burner. S5. When the raw material flow rate of any raw material inlet channel is detected to be lower than the preset threshold A or the fluctuation range of the raw material flow rate of any raw material inlet channel exceeds the preset threshold B, the raw material cut-off valve on the raw material inlet channel and the inner ring cut-off valve on the inner ring gasification inlet channel are cut off. The inner ring regulating valve and the outer ring regulating valve are adjusted again and the inner ring cut-off valve is opened so that the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring gasifying agent flow rate F2 satisfy: F1 / (F1+F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material flow rate in any normally operating raw material inlet channel to the sum of the raw material flow rates in all normally operating raw material inlet channels.

7. The gasification method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The method for readjusting the inner loop regulating valve and the outer loop regulating valve again in step S5 is as follows: S501. Based on the historical operating data of the gasification burner, express the fuzzy control rules in IF-THEN form and construct a fuzzy control rule base. S502. Based on the real-time flow rate of the inner ring gasifier, the real-time flow rate of the outer ring gasifier, and the real-time flow rate of the raw material powder in each raw material powder inlet channel, calculate the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC between the actual ratio of the inner ring gasifier flow rate and the outer ring gasifier flow rate and the preset ratio. S503. The deviation E and deviation change rate EC calculated in S502 are used as input variables of the fuzzy controller, and the deviation E and deviation change rate EC are respectively assigned to the corresponding fuzzy subsets according to the fuzzy subset partitioning rules to obtain the fuzzy values ​​of the deviation E and deviation change rate EC. S504. Select the fuzzy control rule that matches the fuzzy values ​​of deviation E and deviation change rate EC obtained in S503 from the fuzzy control rule base constructed in S501, and use the Mamdani inference method or Larsen inference method to obtain the fuzzy opening range of the inner loop control valve and the outer loop control valve. S505. Using the center of gravity method or the maximum membership method, the fuzzy opening range of the inner loop control valve and the outer loop control valve obtained in S504 is converted into the precise opening value of the inner loop control valve and the outer loop control valve, and the inner loop control valve and the outer loop control valve are adjusted.

8. The gasification method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Both the inner ring vaporizing agent and the outer ring vaporizing agent are oxygen-containing gases.

9. The gasification method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The raw material powder is any one of straw powder, sawdust powder, coal powder, coke powder, and petroleum coke powder.

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