Method for fermenting edible mushrooms by using fresh-cut polygala tenuifolia waste extract liquid

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for fermenting edible mushrooms by using extract liquid of fresh-cut polygala tenuifolia waste. The method comprises the following steps: drying and crushing the fresh-cut polygala tenuifolia waste, and adding water for extraction to obtain the extract liquid of the polygala tenuifolia waste; adding 60% by volume of the leach liquor into the basic culture medium, and sterilizing at high temperature to obtain the liquid fermentation culture medium. Inoculating edible fungus liquid strains, fermenting, collecting fermentation liquor and mycelia, and freeze-drying the mycelia. According to the method, the polygala tenuifolia waste leach liquor is used for liquid fermentation of edible mushrooms to improve the yield of mycelia, and the yield of the mycelia obtained through fermentation is obviously higher than that of liquid fermentation of a basic culture medium. According to the method, high-quality and high-yield edible mushroom mycelia are obtained, technical support can be provided for deep processing and utilization of edible mushrooms, economic benefits of the edible mushroom industry are improved, and reference is provided for solving a series of problems such as environmental pollution caused by direct discarding of waste or simple treatment of the waste as feed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biological food, and more specifically, to a method for fermenting edible fungi with the extract of fresh cut Polygala tenuifolia waste. Background Art

[0002] Polygala tenuifolia is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, and a large amount of fresh cut waste generated during its processing is usually regarded as low-value by-products. At present, these wastes are mostly directly discarded or simply treated as feed, failing to realize their potential high-value utilization, which not only causes resource waste, but also may cause environmental pollution problems.

[0003] As an important food and medicinal resource, the liquid fermentation technology of edible fungi has developed rapidly in recent years. With its advantages of short production cycle, high yield, and easy large-scale production, it shows great potential in the edible fungi industry, mainly used for the production of mycelia and metabolites of edible fungi. However, the cost of traditional liquid fermentation media is relatively high, and the raw material sources are relatively single. The liquid strains of the existing technology are not easy to preserve and are easily contaminated during transportation. Different types of edible fungi have different adaptabilities to liquid fermentation, which restricts the further popularization and application of this technology.

[0004] Combining the fresh cut waste of Polygala tenuifolia with the liquid fermentation technology of edible fungi, through reasonable configuration of raw materials, achieving reasonable nutritional collocation and good growth of strains, improving the fermentation effect, providing the possibility for improving the stability and safety of strains, and having significant advantages and far-reaching significance. On the one hand, the waste of Polygala tenuifolia is rich in various nutrients and bioactive substances, which can be used as ideal components of the liquid fermentation medium of edible fungi, reducing production costs and improving resource utilization rate; on the other hand, through liquid fermentation technology, the effective components in the waste of Polygala tenuifolia can be efficiently transformed, further improving the yield and quality of the mycelia of edible fungi, and providing a rich raw material source for the deep processing of edible fungi. In addition, this combination method also helps to reduce environmental pollution and promote the sustainable development of the edible fungi industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make up for the gaps in the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for fermenting edible fungi with the extract of fresh cut Polygala tenuifolia waste to improve the yield of mycelia, so that the waste of Polygala tenuifolia can be effectively recovered and reused, realizing the maximum utilization of resources and the minimum impact on the environment, and promoting the sustainable development of the edible fungi industry.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for fermenting edible fungi with the extract of fresh cut Polygala tenuifolia waste, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Add the extract of fresh cut Polygala tenuifolia waste with a volume ratio of 40% - 60% to the basal medium, inoculate the liquid mushroom spawn, ferment for 4 - 6 days, filter by suction, separate the fermentation broth, and freeze-dry to obtain the mycelium.

[0009] Preferably, the basal medium uses pure water as the matrix and includes 20 g / L of glucose, 2 g / L of peptone, 2 g / L of yeast extract powder, 2 g / L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 1 g / L of magnesium sulfate.

[0010] Preferably, the method for obtaining the extract of fresh cut Polygala tenuifolia waste is as follows: dry and crush the fresh cut Polygala tenuifolia waste, sieve it, extract with water at 60°C for 2 hours, and then filter to obtain the extract of Polygala tenuifolia waste.

[0011] Preferably, the material-liquid ratio of the fresh cut Polygala tenuifolia waste to water is 25 g / L.

[0012] Preferably, the method for obtaining the liquid mushroom spawn is as follows: inoculate an appropriate amount of solid spawn into a sterile liquid medium, statically activate it in an incubator at 22 - 24°C for 1 - 2 days, then place it in a shaker and ferment at 22 - 24°C and 150 r / min for 4 - 6 days until a uniform mycelium suspension is formed.

[0013] Preferably, the liquid medium uses pure water as the matrix and includes 20 g / L of glucose, 2 g / L of peptone, 2 g / L of yeast extract powder, 2 g / L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 1 g / L of magnesium sulfate.

[0014] Preferably, the inoculation amount of the solid spawn is as follows: use a borer to punch holes from the edge of the solid plate colony, and inoculate 8 solid spawns with a diameter of 5 mm into the liquid medium.

[0015] Preferably, the inoculation amount of the liquid mushroom spawn is 5% by volume percentage.

[0016] Preferably, the fermentation temperature is 22 - 24°C, and the shaker speed during the fermentation process is 150 r / min.

[0017] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a method for fermenting edible mushrooms with the extract of fresh cut Polygala tenuifolia waste, and has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The technology of liquid fermentation of edible fungi with Polygala tenuifolia fresh cut waste provided by the present invention is different from the conventional liquid fermentation of edible fungi. In the traditional method, agricultural waste is often discarded or inefficiently treated at will, resulting in waste of resources and environmental burden. Compared with solid fermentation, liquid fermentation technology has the characteristics of short production cycle and high efficiency, and the nutrient components are more evenly distributed, which is beneficial to the rapid growth of fungi and the accumulation of metabolites. This not only shortens the production cycle, but also improves the production efficiency and product quality. In this method, the extract of Polygala tenuifolia fresh cut waste is added to the culture medium, and the optimal conditions for the addition of Polygala tenuifolia in the liquid fermentation medium of edible fungi are explored by using microbial culture technology, microbial liquid fermentation technology and freeze-drying technology, with the mycelium yield as the index. The fresh cut waste of Polygala tenuifolia is rich in various nutrient components, providing ideal conditions for the growth of edible fungi. Through liquid fermentation, these components are efficiently decomposed and transformed, greatly improving the yield and quality of mycelium, not only effectively reducing the production cost, but also realizing the recycling of resources. When 60% of the extract of Polygala tenuifolia fresh cut waste is added to the basic culture medium, the yield of the fermented mycelium is higher. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is the flow chart of liquid fermentation;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the solid strain diagram of edible fungi;

[0022] Figure 3 It is the liquid strain diagram of edible fungi;

[0023] Figure 4 It is the diagram of the organic matter content in the extract of Polygala tenuifolia;

[0024] Figure 5 It is the dry weight growth rate of the mycelium obtained by liquid fermentation of Morchella esculenta;

[0025] Figure 6 It is the dry weight growth rate of the mycelium obtained by liquid fermentation of Pleurotus ostreatus;

[0026] Figure 7 It is the dry weight growth rate of the mycelium obtained by liquid fermentation of Flammulina velutipes;

[0027] Figure 8 It is the change of the content of organic compounds before and after liquid fermentation of Morchella esculenta;

[0028] Figure 9 are the changes in the content of organic compounds before and after liquid fermentation of Pleurotus ostreatus;

[0029] Figure 10 are the changes in the content of organic compounds before and after liquid fermentation of Flammulina velutipes;

[0030] Among them, Figures 5 to 10 in which, under the condition of p < 0.05, different letters represent significant differences. Specific implementation manner

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] The technology of liquid fermentation of edible fungi from fresh-cut waste of Polygala tenuifolia includes the following steps:

[0033] Fermentation of edible fungi with the extract of fresh-cut waste of Polygala tenuifolia:

[0034] (1) Dry and crush the fresh-cut waste of Polygala tenuifolia, sieve it, weigh 50 g, add 2 L of pure water, extract at 60 °C for 2 h, and then filter, discard the residue to obtain the extract of Polygala tenuifolia waste;

[0035] (2) Prepare a solid medium according to the medium formula of 46 g of PDA (potato dextrose agar medium), 5 g of peptone, and 5 g of yeast extract powder dissolved in 1 L of pure water, sterilize at 120 °C under 0.1 MPa for 20 min. After pouring the plate and solidifying, inoculate the mother strain of edible fungi, and place it in an incubator at 22 - 24 °C for 6 - 8 days until the surface of the medium is covered with mycelium;

[0036] (3) Prepare a liquid medium according to the medium formula of 20 g of glucose, 2 g of peptone, 2 g of yeast extract powder, 2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 1 g of magnesium sulfate dissolved in 1 L of pure water, sterilize at 120 °C under 0.1 MPa for 20 min. After the liquid medium cools, use a puncher to punch holes from the edge of the solid plate colony, inoculate 8 solid strains with a diameter of 5 mm, place them in an incubator at 22 - 24 °C for static activation for 1 - 2 d, then place them in a shaker, and ferment at 22 - 24 °C and 150 r / min for 4 - 6 d until a uniform mycelium suspension is formed;

[0037] (4) Prepare the basal medium according to the medium formula of 20 g of glucose, 2 g of peptone, 2 g of yeast extract powder, 2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 1 g of magnesium sulfate dissolved in 1 L of pure water. Add different volumes of the extract of Polygala tenuifolia waste to the basal medium, specifically configured according to Table 1 below, and sterilize at 120 °C under 0.1 MPa for 20 min;

[0038] Table 1 Liquid fermentation medium formula

[0039] Addition ratio Basal medium Extract solution Purified water 0％ 150 mL 0 mL 90 mL 20％ 150 mL 30 mL 60 mL 40％ 150 mL 60 mL 30 mL 60％ 150 mL 90 mL 0 mL

[0040] (5) Inoculate with a 5% (v / v) liquid strain, place it in a shaker, and ferment at 22 - 24 °C and 150 r / min for 4 - 6 d until uniform mycelia grow. Filter the fermentation broth and mycelia by suction, measure the change in the content of organic compounds in the fermentation broth, and weigh the freeze-dried mycelia. The specific steps are as follows:

[0041] Change in the content of organic compounds:

[0042] I. Determination of soluble sugar content: The total sugar content in the sample was determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid method, and the concentration of the Glc standard solution was 0.2 mg / mL.

[0043] Standard curve drawing: Take 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 mL of Glc standard solution in test tubes respectively, add distilled water to 2 mL. Add 50 μL of 80% phenol solution, then add 2.5 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid, let it stand for 10 min, shake vigorously and then let it stand for 20 min, and measure the absorbance of the sample at 490 nm. Draw the standard curve according to the mass and absorbance of Glc.

[0044] Sample determination: Pipette 100 μL of the test sample and measure it according to the above method. Calculate the soluble sugar content of the sample according to the standard curve.

[0045] II. Determination of reducing sugar: The reducing sugar content in the sample was determined by the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) colorimetric method, and the concentration of the Glc standard solution was 2 mg / mL.

[0046] Standard curve drawing: Take 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 mL of Glc standard solution in test tubes respectively, add distilled water to 1 mL. Add 0.3 mL of DNS reagent, take it out after boiling water bath for 15 min, cool to room temperature and then add 2.5 mL of distilled water, and measure the absorbance of the sample at 550 nm. Draw the standard curve according to the mass and absorbance of Glc.

[0047] DNS reagent: 1% 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, 0.2% phenol, 0.05% sodium sulfite, 1% sodium hydroxide, 20% potassium sodium tartrate. After dissolution, store in the dark for 1 week and then use stably.

[0048] Sample determination: Pipette 100 μL of the sample to be measured, perform the determination according to the above method, and calculate the reducing sugar content of the sample based on the standard curve.

[0049] III. Determination of soluble protein content

[0050] The soluble protein was determined by the Braford method, and the concentration of the chicken albumin standard solution was 0.1 mg / mL.

[0051] Drawing of the chicken albumin standard curve: Take 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 mL of the chicken albumin standard solution into test tubes respectively, make up the volume to 1.0 mL with water, add 5 mL of Coomassie brilliant blue solution, shake vigorously and then let stand for 10 min, and measure the absorbance at 590 nm. Draw the standard curve based on the absorbance value and mass of the chicken albumin.

[0052] Coomassie brilliant blue solution: 25 mg of Coomassie brilliant blue G250, add 25 mL of ethanol and 50 mL of phosphoric acid in sequence, stir to dissolve and then make up the volume to 500 mL with water, store in the dark for standby.

[0053] Sample determination: Pipette 400 μL of the sample to be measured respectively, perform the determination according to the above method, and calculate the soluble protein of the sample based on the standard curve.

[0054] IV. Determination of free amino acid content

[0055] The free amino acid content was determined by the ninhydrin colorimetric method. The concentration of the glutamic acid standard solution was 10 mg / mL, and it was diluted to standard solutions with concentrations of 0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 mg / mL respectively.

[0056] Drawing of the glutamic acid standard curve: Pipette 1 mL of the standard solution with different concentrations into test tubes respectively, add 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer solution with pH 8.0 and 0.5 mL of 2% (w / v) ninhydrin solution, heat in a boiling water bath for 15 min, after cooling, make up the volume of each tube to 25 mL with water, let stand for 10 min, and then measure the absorbance at 570 nm. Draw the standard curve based on the absorbance value and mass of the glutamic acid.

[0057] Phosphate buffer solution with pH 8.0: Take 95 mL of 1 / 15 M disodium hydrogen phosphate solution and 5 mL of 1 / 15 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, mix well, and the pH of this mixed solution is 8.0.

[0058] 2% Ninhydrin Solution: Weigh 2 g of ninhydrin hydrate, add 50 mL of distilled water and 80 mg of stannous chloride, and stir evenly. Dissolve it in a small amount of water in portions, place it in the dark, let it stand for one day and night, filter, and make up the volume to 100 mL with water.

[0059] Sample Determination: Pipette 1 mL of the sample to be tested respectively, and conduct the determination according to the above method. Calculate the free amino acid content of the sample based on the standard curve.

[0060] V. Determination of Total Polyphenol Content

[0061] The Folin-phenol method is used to determine the polyphenol content, and the concentration of the gallic acid standard solution is 0.05 mg / mL.

[0062] Drawing of the Gallic Acid Standard Curve: Take 0, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6 mL of the gallic acid standard solution in test tubes respectively, make up the volume to 2.0 mL with water, add 0.25 mL of Folin-Denis solution, shake vigorously, and add 2.5 mL of 7.5% (w / v) sodium carbonate solution within 0.5 - 8 min. Mix well, place in the dark for 60 min, and measure the absorbance at 760 nm. Draw the standard curve based on the absorbance value and mass of gallic acid.

[0063] Sample Determination: Pipette 50 μL of the sample to be tested respectively, and conduct the determination according to the above method. Calculate the total polyphenol content of the sample based on the standard curve.

[0064] VI. Determination of Total Flavonoid Content

[0065] The aluminum nitrate colorimetric method is used to determine the flavonoid content, and the concentration of the rutin standard solution is 0.3 mg / mL.

[0066] Drawing of the Rutin Standard Curve: Pipette 0.125, 0.250, 0.375, 0.500, 0.625, 0.750, 0.875, 1.0 mL of the rutin standard solution into test tubes respectively, and make up the volume to 2.0 mL with distilled water for each tube. Add 40 μL of 5% (w / v) NaNO 2 solution, shake well, let it stand for 6 min, add 40 μL of 10% (w / v) Al(NO 3 ) 3 solution, shake well, let it stand for 6 min, add 320 μL of 4% NaOH, mix well again, let it stand for 10 min, and measure the absorbance at 510 nm. Draw the standard curve based on the absorbance value and mass of rutin.

[0067] Sample Determination: Pipette 100 μL of the sample to be tested respectively, and conduct the determination according to the above method. Calculate the total flavonoid content of the sample based on the standard curve.

[0068] The following is further illustrated by specific examples and relevant measurement results.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] (1) Weigh 50 g of dried fresh cut waste powder of Polygala tenuifolia, add 2 L of pure water, extract at 60 °C for 2 h and then filter, discard the residue to obtain the extract of Polygala tenuifolia waste.

[0071] (2) Prepare a solid medium according to the medium formula of 46 g of PDA, 5 g of peptone, 5 g of yeast extract powder dissolved in 1 L of pure water, sterilize at high temperature, pour the plate and solidify it, then inoculate an appropriate amount of Morchella esculenta mother strain, and place it in an incubator at 22 °C for 6 - 8 days until the surface of the medium is covered with mycelium.

[0072] (3) Prepare a liquid medium according to the medium formula of 20 g of glucose, 2 g of peptone, 2 g of yeast extract powder, 2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 g of magnesium sulfate dissolved in 1 L of pure water, sterilize at 120 °C under 0.1 MPa for 20 min. After the liquid medium cools, use a puncher to punch holes from the edge of the solid plate colony, inoculate 8 solid strains with a diameter of 5 mm, place them in an incubator at 22 °C for static activation for 1 - 2 d, then place them in a shaker, and ferment at 22 °C and 150 r / min for 4 - 6 d until a uniform mycelium suspension is formed.

[0073] (4) Prepare a liquid basic medium, add different volumes of the extract of Polygala tenuifolia waste to the basic medium, specifically configured according to Table 1, and sterilize at 121 °C for 20 min.

[0074] (5) Inoculate 5% of the Morchella esculenta liquid strain, place it in a shaker, and ferment at 22 °C and 150 r / min for 4 - 6 d until it is covered with uniform mycelium.

[0075] Filter and separate the fermentation broth and mycelium, measure the change in the content of organic compounds in the fermentation broth, freeze-dry the mycelium and weigh it. The results are as Figure 5 shown, Figure 5 It shows that compared with not adding Polygala tenuifolia, when 20%, 40%, and 60% of the extract of fresh cut waste of Polygala tenuifolia is added to the medium to ferment Morchella esculenta, the dry weight of the mycelium increases by 5.52%, 21.50%, and 15.12% respectively, indicating that 40% of Polygala tenuifolia liquid fermentation can significantly improve the yield of Morchella esculenta mycelium.

[0076] Measure the change in the content of organic compounds in the fermentation broth. The results are as Figure 8 shown, Figure 8It shows that the liquid fermentation process of Morchella can utilize various organic compounds to varying degrees, and the utilization rates of reducing sugar and free amino acids are generally high. However, at each addition ratio, the utilization of soluble protein is less. The highest utilization rate of soluble protein by fermented Morchella with Polygala tenuifolia Willd. reached 40%.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] (1) Weigh 50 g of dried fresh cut waste powder of Polygala tenuifolia Willd., add 2 L of pure water, extract at 60 °C for 2 h, then filter, discard the residue, and obtain the extract of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. waste.

[0079] (2) Prepare a solid medium according to the medium formula of 46 g of PDA, 5 g of peptone, and 5 g of yeast extract powder dissolved in 1 L of pure water, sterilize at high temperature, pour the plate and let it solidify, then inoculate an appropriate amount of Pleurotus ostreatus mother strain, and place it in an incubator at 24 °C for 6 - 8 days until the surface of the medium is covered with mycelium.

[0080] (3) Prepare a liquid medium according to the medium formula of 20 g of glucose, 2 g of peptone, 2 g of yeast extract powder, 2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 1 g of magnesium sulfate dissolved in 1 L of pure water, sterilize at 120 °C under 0.1 MPa for 20 min. After the liquid medium cools, use a puncher to punch holes from the edge of the solid plate colony, inoculate 8 solid strains with a diameter of 5 mm, place them in an incubator at 22 °C for 1 - 2 d for static activation, then place them in a shaker, and ferment at 24 °C and 150 r / min for 4 - 6 d until a uniform mycelium suspension is formed.

[0081] (4) Prepare a liquid basic medium, and add different volumes of the extract of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. waste to the basic medium, specifically configured according to Table 1, and sterilize at 121 °C for 20 min.

[0082] (5) Inoculate 5% Pleurotus ostreatus liquid strain, place it in a shaker, and ferment at 24 °C and 150 r / min for 4 - 6 d until it is covered with uniform mycelium.

[0083] Filter and separate the fermentation broth and mycelium, measure the content change of organic compounds in the fermentation broth, freeze - dry the mycelium and weigh it. The results are as Figure 6 shown, Figure 6 It shows that compared with not adding Polygala tenuifolia Willd., when 20%, 40%, and 60% of the extract of fresh cut waste of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. is added to the medium to ferment Pleurotus ostreatus, the dry weight of the mycelium increases by 63.26%, 66.38%, and 91.52% respectively, indicating that 60% liquid fermentation of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. can significantly improve the yield of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium.

[0084] Measure the content change of organic compounds in the fermentation broth. The results are as Figure 9 shown, Figure 9It shows that in the liquid fermentation process of Pleurotus ostreatus, more utilization is made of total sugar, reducing sugar and free amino acids, and the utilization rates of total polyphenols and total flavonoids are relatively low at various addition ratios.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] (1) Weigh 50 g of dried powder of fresh cut waste of Polygala tenuifolia, add 2 L of pure water, extract at 60 °C for 2 h and then filter, discard the residue to obtain the extract of Polygala tenuifolia waste.

[0087] (2) Prepare a solid medium according to the medium formula of 46 g of PDA, 5 g of peptone, 5 g of yeast extract powder dissolved in 1 L of pure water, sterilize at high temperature, pour into plates and solidify, then inoculate an appropriate amount of Flammulina velutipes mother strain, and place it in an incubator at 24 °C for 6 - 8 days until the surface of the medium is covered with mycelium.

[0088] (3) Prepare a liquid medium according to the medium formula of 20 g of glucose, 2 g of peptone, 2 g of yeast extract powder, 2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 g of magnesium sulfate dissolved in 1 L of pure water, and sterilize at 120 °C under 0.1 MPa for 20 min. After the liquid medium cools, use a puncher to punch holes from the edge of the solid plate colony, inoculate 8 solid strains with a diameter of 5 mm, place them in a 22 °C incubator for static activation for 1 - 2 d, then place them in a shaker and ferment at 24 °C and 150 r / min for 4 - 6 d until a uniform mycelium suspension is formed.

[0089] (4) Prepare a liquid basic medium, and add different volumes of the extract of Polygala tenuifolia waste to the basic medium, specifically configured according to Table 1, and sterilize at 121 °C for 20 min.

[0090] (5) Inoculate 5% of the Flammulina velutipes liquid strain, place it in a shaker, and ferment at 24 °C and 150 r / min for 4 - 6 d until it is covered with uniform mycelium.

[0091] Filter and separate the fermentation broth and mycelium, measure the content changes of organic compounds in the fermentation broth, freeze-dry the mycelium and weigh it. The results are as Figure 7 shown, Figure 7 showing that compared with not adding Polygala tenuifolia, when 20%, 40%, and 60% of the extract of fresh cut waste of Polygala tenuifolia are added to the medium to ferment Flammulina velutipes, the dry weight of the mycelium increases by 36.95%, 39.67%, and 47.37% respectively, indicating that 60% liquid fermentation of Polygala tenuifolia can significantly increase the yield of Flammulina velutipes mycelium.

[0092] Measure the content changes of organic compounds in the fermentation broth. The results are as Figure 8 shown, Figure 8 indicating that overall, in the liquid fermentation process of Flammulina velutipes, various organic compounds are utilized to varying degrees, and the utilization rates of total sugar and reducing sugar are relatively high at various addition ratios.

[0093] The above results indicate that the liquid fermentation with Polygala tenuifolia added to the culture medium can significantly increase the mycelium yield.

[0094] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for fermenting edible fungi with fresh-cut waste extract of Polygala tenuifolia, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 40% to 60% by volume of the Polygala tenuifolia waste extract is added to the basic culture medium, the edible fungus liquid strain is inoculated, the culture medium is fermented for 4 to 6 days, the fermentation liquid is filtered, the fermentation liquid is separated, and the mycelium is obtained by freeze-drying.

2. The method for fermenting edible fungi with fresh-cut waste extract of Polygala tenuifolia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic culture medium uses purified water as a matrix and includes 20 g / L glucose, 2 g / L peptone, 2 g / L yeast extract powder, 2 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 1 g / L magnesium sulfate.

3. The method for fermenting edible fungi with the extract of fresh-cut waste of Polygala tenuifolia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the polygala waste fresh-cut extract is as follows: the polygala waste fresh-cut is dried and crushed, then sieved, extracted with water at 60° C. for 2 hours, and then filtered to obtain the polygala waste extract.

4. The method for fermenting edible fungi with the extract of fresh-cut waste of Polygala tenuifolia according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solid-liquid ratio of the Polygala tenuifolia fresh-cut waste to water is 25 g / L.

5. The method for fermenting edible fungi with the extract of fresh-cut waste of Polygala tenuifolia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the edible fungus liquid strain is as follows: inoculating an appropriate amount of solid strain into a sterile liquid culture medium, placing it in a 22-24°C incubator for activation for 1-2 days, placing it in a shaker, and fermenting it for 4-6 days at 22-24°C and 150 r / min until a uniform mycelium suspension is formed.

6. The method for fermenting edible fungi with the extract of fresh-cut Polygala waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid culture medium uses pure water as a matrix and includes 20 g / L glucose, 2 g / L peptone, 2 g / L yeast extract powder, 2 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 1 g / L magnesium sulfate.

7. The method for fermenting edible fungi with the extract of fresh-cut Polygala waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inoculation amount of the solid bacterial strain is as follows: a hole is punched from the edge of the solid plate colony using a hole puncher, and 8 pieces of solid bacterial strain with a diameter of 5 mm are inoculated into the liquid culture medium.

8. The method for fermenting edible fungi with the extract of fresh-cut Polygala waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In terms of volume percentage, the inoculation amount of the edible fungus liquid strain is 5%.

9. The method for fermenting edible fungi with the extract of fresh-cut waste of Polygala tenuifolia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation temperature is 22-24° C., and the shaking speed during the fermentation process is 150 r / min.

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