Mining method for super-long working face

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-long working face mining method which comprises the following steps: S1, moving a first coal mining machine to a first end, forming a second notch in the middle of an ultra-long working face by utilizing a self-notching machine at the same time, and enabling a second coal mining machine to enter the second notch; s2, the first coal mining machine cuts coal from the first end to the second notch, and the second coal mining machine cuts coal from the second notch to the second end; s3, a first notch is formed in the middle of the super-long working face through the self-notching machine, the first coal mining machine enters the first notch after cutting through the coal wall, and the second coal mining machine moves to the second end after cutting through the coal wall; s4, the first coal mining machine cuts coal from the first notch to the first end, and the second coal mining machine cuts coal from the second end to the first notch; and S5, the step S1 to the step S4 are repeated, and mining of the ultra-long working face is achieved. According to the mining method for the ultra-long working face, the coal mining machine can enter the coal wall to normally cut coal in the middle of the ultra-long working face without adopting a beveling feed mode, so that the advancing speed of the ultra-long working face is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mining methods, and particularly relates to an ultra-long working face mining method. Background Art

[0002] In coal mining, for the mining of an ultra-long working face, usually two shearers are set in the ultra-long working face, namely a left shearer and a right shearer. The left shearer enters the coal wall from the left end of the ultra-long working face, and then runs towards the middle of the ultra-long working face to normally cut coal. After reaching the middle of the ultra-long working face, the left shearer enters the coal wall by means of an oblique cutting feed, and then runs towards the left end of the ultra-long working face to continue cutting coal; the right shearer enters the coal wall from the right end of the ultra-long working face, and then runs towards the middle of the ultra-long working face to normally cut coal and cut through the triangular coal left by the left shearer. After cutting through the triangular coal, the right shearer enters the coal wall by means of an oblique cutting feed, and then runs towards the right end of the ultra-long working face to continue cutting coal; thus, the two shearers cut coal alternately, and the mining efficiency is relatively high.

[0003] In the above-mentioned mining method of the ultra-long working face, the left shearer and the right shearer need to enter the coal wall by means of an oblique cutting feed in the middle of the ultra-long working face before they can normally cut coal. Since the oblique cutting feed process is complex and time-consuming, the cutting speed of the shearer is slow, which in turn affects the advancing speed of the ultra-long working face. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

[0005] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-long working face mining method. The first shearer and the second shearer can enter the coal wall for normal coal cutting operations in the middle of the ultra-long working face without using the oblique cutting feed method. The coal mining process is simpler, and the coal cutting speed of the shearer is faster, thereby improving the advancing speed of the ultra-long working face.

[0006] The ultra-long working face mining method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: S1: The first shearer moves to the first end, and at the same time, a self-opening notch machine cuts coal in the middle of the ultra-long working face to form a second notch, and the second shearer enters the second notch; S2: The first shearer cuts coal from the first end to the second notch by means of an oblique cutting feed, and at the same time, the second shearer cuts coal from the second notch to the second end; S3: The self-opening notch machine cuts coal in the middle of the ultra-long working face to form a first notch. After the first shearer cuts through the coal wall, it enters the first notch, and after the second shearer cuts through the coal wall, it moves to the second end; S4: The first coal shearer cuts coal from the first notch towards the first end, while the second coal shearer cuts coal from the second end towards the first notch in a way of oblique cutting for feed. S5: Repeat the steps S1 to S4 to realize the mining work of the extra-long working face.

[0007] In some embodiments, the depth of the first notch is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal shearer, and the depth of the second notch is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal shearer.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first coal shearer cuts coal from the first end towards the second notch in a way of oblique cutting for feed, including the following steps: The first coal shearer makes an oblique cut for feed towards the second notch from the first end, so as to form an oblique cutting section and a straight section arranged in sequence from the first end towards the second notch on the extra-long working face; The first coal shearer moves from the straight section towards the oblique cutting section to cut through the coal wall; The first coal shearer runs with an empty cutter from the oblique cutting section to the straight section, and cuts coal from the straight section towards the second notch.

[0009] In some embodiments, the time point when the first coal shearer moves to the first end is the same as the time point when the second coal shearer enters the second notch, and the time point when the first coal shearer enters the first notch is the same as the time point when the second coal shearer moves to the second end.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second notch is closer to the first end relative to the second end, and the first notch is closer to the second end relative to the first end.

[0011] In some embodiments, the length of the first notch is equal to the length of the second notch; the length of the first notch and the positioning length of the self-opening notch machine satisfy the following formula

[0012] wherein, is the positioning length of the self-opening notch machine, is the length of the first notch, is the coal cutting speed of the coal shearer, is the coal cutting speed of the coal shearer with oblique cutting for feed, is the running speed of the coal shearer with an empty cutter.

[0013] In some embodiments, at least one of the first coal shearer, the second coal shearer, and the self-opening notch machine is provided with a rangefinder, and the rangefinder is used to monitor the distance between the self-opening notch machine and the first coal shearer; and / or the rangefinder is used to monitor the distance between the self-opening notch machine and the second coal shearer.

[0014] In some embodiments, the coal cutting speed of the coal shearer is , when the first coal shearer enters the first notch, the distance between the first coal shearer and the self-opening notch machine is d1, and d1 ≥ ×1 min; and / or when the second coal shearer enters the second notch, the distance between the second coal shearer and the self-opening notch machine is d2, and d2 ≥ ×1 min.

[0015] In some embodiments, the extra-long working face is provided with a scraper conveyor for guiding the movement of the first coal shearer, the second coal shearer, and the self-opening notch machine; The step S2 further includes the following steps: The area after the first coal shearer cuts coal is the first coal-cut area. Push the part of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the first coal-cut area towards the direction close to the extra-long working face. The area after the second coal shearer cuts coal is the second coal-cut area. Push the part of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the second coal-cut area towards the direction close to the extra-long working face; The step S4 further includes the following steps: The area after the first coal shearer cuts coal is the third coal-cut area. Push the part of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the third coal-cut area towards the direction close to the extra-long working face. The area after the second coal shearer cuts coal is the fourth coal-cut area. Push the part of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the fourth coal-cut area towards the direction close to the extra-long working face.

[0016] In some embodiments, the self-opening notch machine includes a frame, a second cutting device, and two first cutting devices; the frame has a traveling part for connecting a scraper conveyor; the two first cutting devices are symmetrically arranged along the traveling direction of the frame, and each first cutting device includes a plurality of drill bit groups arranged in sequence along the traveling direction of the frame. The drill bit groups are rotatably connected to the frame to form a circular cutting area, and the rotation axis of the drill bit group relative to the frame is consistent with the traveling direction of the frame; the second cutting device is arranged between the two first cutting devices, and the diameter of the cutting area formed by the plurality of drill bit groups decreases sequentially in the direction away from the second cutting device. The second cutting device includes a swing arm and a cutting drum. The swing arm is swingably connected to the frame, and the cutting drum is rotatably connected to the swing arm. The swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drill bit group relative to the frame, and the rotation axis of the cutting drum relative to the swing arm is parallel to the swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame.

[0017] In the ultra-long working face mining method according to the embodiment of the present invention, during the process of alternating coal mining by the first shearer and the second shearer, the self-opening notch machine is used to form a first notch and a second notch in advance in the middle of the ultra-long working face. When the first shearer runs to the middle of the ultra-long working face, it can directly enter the first notch to take its place and then start normal coal cutting operations. When the second shearer runs to the middle of the ultra-long working face, it can directly enter the second notch to take its place and then start normal coal cutting operations.

[0018] Compared with the mining method in the related art in which the shearer needs to use the oblique cutting feed method to enter the coal wall in the middle of the ultra-long working face, in the ultra-long working face mining method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first shearer and the second shearer do not need to use the oblique cutting feed method to enter the coal wall for normal coal cutting operations in the middle of the ultra-long working face. The coal mining process is simpler, and the coal cutting speed of the shearer is faster, so that the advancing speed of the ultra-long working face can be increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a state schematic diagram of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 2 is a state schematic diagram of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 3 is a state schematic diagram of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 .

[0022] Figure 4 is a state schematic diagram of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present inventionFigure 4 .

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 .

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 6 .

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 7 .

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 8 .

[0027] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 9 .

[0028] Figure 10 It is a dimension marking diagram of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the notch machine of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0030] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the notch machine from another angle of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0031] Figure 13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drill bit group of the notch machine of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0032] Figure 14 It is the drill bit of the notch machine of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention along Figure 13 Schematic diagram in the A direction in

[0033] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the transmission component of the notch machine of the double shearer mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0034] Reference numerals: 10, Ultra-long working face; 11, First end; 12, Second end; 13, First notch; 14, Second notch; 15, Mid-separation plane; 21, First shearer; 22, Second shearer; 30. Self-opening notch machine; 31. Frame; 32. First cutting device; 321. Drill bit group; 3211. Rotating seat; 3212. Drill bit; 3212-1. Tooth seat; 3212-2. First cutting tooth; 33. Second cutting device; 331. Swing arm; 332. Cutting drum; 3321. Drum body; 3322. Second cutting tooth; 333. Jack; 34. Transmission shaft; 35. Transmission assembly; 351. Driving bevel gear; 352. Driven bevel gear; 3521. Rotating shaft; 40. Scraper conveyor. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0036] It is known that the length of the ultra-long working face 10 is greater than 400 m. As Figure 1 shown, the ultra-long working face 10 has a first end 11 and a second end 12. Roadways are provided at both ends along the length direction of the ultra-long working face 10. The first end 11 and the second end 12 are respectively arranged close to the roadways at both ends of the ultra-long working face 10. Two shearers are provided on the ultra-long working face 10, namely a first shearer 21 and a second shearer 22. The first shearer 21 and the second shearer 22 both run along the length direction of the ultra-long working face 10.

[0037] As Figures 1 to 9 shown, the mining method of the ultra-long working face 10 in the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: S1: The first shearer 21 moves to the first end 11, and at the same time, the self-opening notch machine 30 cuts coal in the middle of the ultra-long working face 10 to form a second notch 14, and the second shearer 22 enters the second notch 14; S2: The first shearer 21 cuts coal from the first end 11 to the second notch 14 in a diagonal cutting feed mode, and at the same time, the second shearer 22 cuts coal from the second notch 14 to the second end 12; S3: The self-opening notch machine 30 cuts coal in the middle of the ultra-long working face 10 to form a first notch 13. After the first shearer 21 cuts through the coal wall, it enters the first notch 13. After the second shearer 22 cuts through the coal wall, it moves to the second end 12; S4: The first shearer 21 cuts coal from the first notch 13 to the first end 11, and at the same time, the second shearer 22 cuts coal from the second end 12 to the first notch 13 in a diagonal cutting feed mode; S5: Repeat steps S1 to S4 to realize the mining work of the ultra-long working face 10.

[0038] In the mining method of the extra-long working face 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, during the alternate coal mining process of the first shearer 21 and the second shearer 22, the self-notch cutter 30 is used to form a first notch 13 and a second notch 14 in advance in the middle of the extra-long working face 10. When the first shearer 21 runs to the middle of the extra-long working face 10, it can directly enter the first notch 13 and take its place, and then start normal coal cutting operations. When the second shearer 22 runs to the middle of the extra-long working face 10, it can directly enter the second notch 14 and take its place, and then start normal coal cutting operations.

[0039] Compared with the mining method in the related art where the shearer needs to use the oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall in the middle of the extra-long working face 10, in the mining method of the extra-long working face 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first shearer 21 and the second shearer 22 do not need to use the oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall for normal coal cutting operations in the middle of the extra-long working face 10. The coal mining process is simpler, the coal cutting speed of the shearer is faster, and thus the advancing speed of the extra-long working face 10 can be increased.

[0040] Specifically, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the self-notch cutter 30 moves from the second end 12 to the middle of the extra-long working face 10 to cut coal to form the second notch 14. Then, the second shearer 22 moves from the second end 12 to the second notch 14 and enters the second notch 14 to take its place.

[0041] As Figures 3 to 6 shown, the second shearer 22 cuts coal from the second notch 14 to the second end 12. After cutting through the coal wall, it enters the second end 12. At the same time, the self-notch cutter 30 moves with the second shearer 22 to the second end 12 and forms a first notch 13 in the middle of the working face. Then, after the first shearer 21 cuts through the coal wall, it enters the first notch 13 to take its place.

[0042] As Figures 7 to 9 shown, the first shearer 21 cuts coal from the first notch 13 to the first end 11. After cutting through the coal wall, it enters the first end 11. At the same time, the self-notch cutter 30 moves with the first shearer 21 to the first end 11 and forms a second notch 14 again in the middle of the working face. After the second shearer 22 cuts through the coal wall, it enters the second notch 14 again to take its place, thus realizing a coal cutting cycle.

[0043] Optionally, the self-notch cutter 30 stops walking after completing the opening work of the first notch 13 or the second notch 14.

[0044] In some embodiments, the depth of the first notch 13 is equal to the cutting depth of the first shearer 21, and the depth of the second notch 14 is equal to the cutting depth of the second shearer 22.

[0045] Among them, the depths of the first notch 13 and the second notch 14 are the dimensions in the advancing direction of the extra-long working face 10.

[0046] It is known that the first shearer 21 and the second shearer 22 are shearers of the same model, that is, parameters such as the dimensions and cutting depths of the first shearer 21 and the second shearer 22 are equal.

[0047] With the above settings, the depth of the first notch 13 is equal to the cutting depth of the first shearer 21. Then, after the first shearer 21 enters the first notch 13 and positions itself, the thickness of the coal wall that needs to be cut is equal to its cutting depth, and when the first shearer 21 enters the normal coal cutting operation, it can cut through the coal wall.

[0048] Similarly, the depth of the second notch 14 is equal to the cutting depth of the second shearer 22. Then, after the second shearer 22 enters the second notch 14 and positions itself, the thickness of the coal wall that needs to be cut is equal to its cutting depth, and when the second shearer 22 enters the normal coal cutting operation, it can cut through the coal wall.

[0049] Thus, the thicknesses of the coal walls that the first shearer 21 and the second shearer 22 need to cut match their cutting capabilities, which can prevent phenomena such as excessive cutting resistance of the shearer and overloading operation of the shearer. While ensuring the normal operation of the shearer, it can maximize the cutting efficiency of the first shearer 21 and the second shearer 22, thereby increasing the advancing speed of the extra-long working face 10.

[0050] In some embodiments, the first shearer 21 uses the oblique cutting method to cut coal from the first end 11 to the second notch 14, including the following steps: The first shearer 21 performs an oblique cut from the first end 11 towards the second notch 14, so as to form an obliquely cut section and a straight section arranged in sequence from the first end 11 to the second notch 14 on the extra-long working face 10; The first shearer 21 moves from the straight section to the obliquely cut section to cut through the coal wall; The first shearer 21 runs empty from the obliquely cut section to the straight section, and cuts coal from the straight section towards the second notch 14.

[0051] With the above settings, the oblique cutting method includes three steps: oblique cutting, reverse cutting through the coal wall, and running empty. The first shearer 21 can enter the coal wall from the first end 11 through this oblique cutting method, and then start the normal coal cutting operation on the extra-long working face 10.

[0052] Optionally, in step S4, the second shearer 22 uses the above oblique cutting method to cut coal from the second end 12 to the first notch 13. In other words, when the second shearer 22 cuts coal from the second end 12 to the first notch 13, it also needs to go through three steps: oblique cutting, reverse cutting through the coal wall, and running empty.

[0053] In some embodiments, the time point when the first coal mining machine 21 moves to the first end 11 is the same as the time point when the second coal mining machine 22 enters the second notch 14, and the time point when the first coal mining machine 21 enters the first notch 13 is the same as the time point when the second coal mining machine 22 moves to the second end 12.

[0054] With the above settings, during the alternating operation of the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22, their operating times are the same, that is, the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 always remain in an operating state, thereby maximizing the mining speed.

[0055] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 and Figure 6 shown, the second notch 14 is closer to the first end 11 relative to the second end 12, and the first notch 13 is closer to the second end 12 relative to the first end 11.

[0056] Since the oblique cutting method includes three steps: oblique cutting, reverse cutting through the coal wall, and running an empty cut, in steps S1 and S2, the first coal mining machine 21 enters the coal wall from the first end 11 at a relatively slow speed and takes a long time, but the second coal mining machine 22 can directly enter the coal wall for coal cutting through the second notch 14, and its operating speed is relatively fast, which makes it difficult for the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 to achieve coordinated operation.

[0057] With the above settings, as Figure 3 shown, in steps S1 and S2, after the second coal mining machine 22 enters the second notch 14 and takes its position, the first coal mining machine 21 makes an oblique cut from the first end 11; the coal cutting length of the second coal mining machine 22 is the distance from the second notch 14 to the second end 12, and the coal cutting length of the first coal mining machine 21 is the distance from the first end 11 to the second notch 14. The coal cutting length of the second coal mining machine 22 is greater than that of the first coal mining machine 21. Thus, the operating time of the second coal mining machine 22 can be made the same as that of the first coal mining machine 21, thereby enabling the coordinated operation of the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22.

[0058] Similarly, as Figure 6 shown, in steps S3 and S4, the first coal mining machine 21 enters the first notch 13 and takes its position, and the second coal mining machine 22 makes an oblique cut from the second end 12; the coal cutting length of the first coal mining machine 21 is the distance from the first notch 13 to the first end 11, and the coal cutting length of the second coal mining machine 22 is the distance from the second end 12 to the second notch 14. The coal cutting length of the first coal mining machine 21 is greater than that of the second coal mining machine 22. Thus, the operating time of the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 can be made the same, thereby enabling the coordinated operation of the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22.

[0059] In some embodiments, the length of the first notch 13 is equal to the length of the second notch 14, and the length of the first notch 13 and the positioning length of the notch-opening machine 30 satisfy the following formula

[0060] As Figure 10 shown, where is the positioning length of the notch-opening machine 30, is the length of the first notch 13, is the coal cutting speed of the shearer, is the coal cutting speed of the shearer during oblique cutting and feed, is the running speed of the shearer with empty cutter.

[0061] Thus, according to the coal cutting speed of the shearer, the coal cutting speed of the shearer during oblique cutting and feed, and the running speed of the shearer with empty cutter, the positioning length of the notch-opening machine 30 and the length of the first notch 13 (or the second notch 14) can be adjusted so that the running times of the first shearer 21 and the second shearer 22 are the same, thereby improving the mining efficiency of the extra-long working face 10.

[0062] Specifically, since the running times of the first shearer 21 and the second shearer 22 need to be the same, the positioning length of the notch-opening machine 30 and the length of the first notch 13 (or the second notch 14) need to satisfy the following formula

[0063] where is the total length of the extra-long working face 10, is the positioning length of the notch-opening machine 30, is the length of the first notch 13 and the second notch 14, is the coal cutting speed of the shearer, is the coal cutting speed of the shearer during oblique cutting and feed, is the running speed of the shearer with empty cutter; by transforming the above formula, the formula

[0064] Specifically, as Figure 6 and Figure 9 shown, the extra-long working face 10 has a mid-division plane 15, and the mid-division plane 15 is arranged between the first end 11 and the second end 12 and divides the extra-long working face 10 evenly along its length direction.

[0065] As Figure 6As shown, the first notch 13 is provided on one side of the middle parting surface 15 close to the second end 12. After the first shearer 21 is in place in the first notch 13, one edge of the first notch 13 is aligned with the middle parting surface 15, and the other edge is aligned with the side of the first shearer 21 close to the notch cutting machine 30.

[0066] As Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, the second notch 14 is provided on one side of the middle parting surface 15 close to the first end 11. After the second shearer 22 is in place in the second notch 14, one edge of the second notch 14 is aligned with the middle parting surface 15, and the other edge is aligned with the side of the second shearer 22 close to the notch cutting machine 30.

[0067] As Figure 10 shown, when the first shearer 21 enters the coal wall by the oblique cutting method from the first end 11, the length of its oblique cutting is equal to the length of the second notch 14 equal.

[0068] As Figure 6 shown, when the second shearer 22 enters the coal wall by the oblique cutting method from the second end 12, the length of its oblique cutting is equal to the length of the first notch 13 equal.

[0069] In some embodiments, at least one of the first shearer 21, the second shearer 22 and the notch cutting machine 30 is provided with a rangefinder to monitor the distance between the notch cutting machine 30 and the first shearer 21 by using the rangefinder; and / or to monitor the distance between the notch cutting machine 30 and the second shearer 22 by using the rangefinder.

[0070] By setting the rangefinder, the first shearer 21 and the second shearer 22 can always maintain a safe distance from the notch cutting machine 30, preventing the first shearer 21 or the second shearer 22 from colliding with the notch cutting machine 30, so as to ensure the safe operation of the first shearer 21, the second shearer 22 and the notch cutting machine 30.

[0071] Optionally, the rangefinder is an ultrasonic rangefinder.

[0072] Optionally, rangefinders are provided on the first shearer 21, the second shearer 22 and the notch cutting machine 30.

[0073] In some embodiments, the coal cutting speed of the shearer is , when the first shearer 21 enters the first notch 13, the distance between the first shearer 21 and the notch cutting machine 30 is d1, d1≥ ×1 min; and / or when the second shearer 22 enters the second notch 14, the distance between the second shearer 22 and the notch cutting machine 30 is d2, d2≥ ×1 min.

[0074] When the first coal shearer 21 is in place at the first notch 13, the self-notch cutting machine 30 stops walking. At this time, the distance between the first coal shearer 21 and the self-notch cutting machine 30 is the smallest. If the first coal shearer 21 collides with the self-notch cutting machine 30, it needs to walk for at least 1 minute, so as to prevent the first coal shearer 21 from colliding with the self-notch cutting machine 30 and ensure the safe operation of the first coal shearer 21 and the self-notch cutting machine 30.

[0075] Similarly, when the second coal shearer 22 is in place at the second notch 14, the self-notch cutting machine 30 also stops walking. The distance between the second coal shearer 22 and the self-notch cutting machine 30 is the smallest. If the second coal shearer 22 collides with the self-notch cutting machine 30, it needs to walk for at least 1 minute, so as to prevent the second coal shearer 22 from colliding with the self-notch cutting machine 30 and ensure the safe operation of the second coal shearer 22 and the self-notch cutting machine 30.

[0076] Optionally, the coal cutting speed of the first coal shearer 21 is 5 m / min to 7 m / min, and d1 is 5 m to 7 m.

[0077] Optionally, the coal cutting speed of the second coal shearer 22 is 5 m / min to 7 m / min, and d2 is 5 m to 7 m.

[0078] In some embodiments, the extra-long working face 10 is provided with a scraper conveyor 40 for guiding the movement of the first coal shearer 21, the second coal shearer 22 and the self-notch cutting machine 30; As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, step S2 further includes the following steps: The area after the first coal shearer 21 cuts coal is the first cut coal area. Push the part of the scraper conveyor 40 corresponding to the first cut coal area towards the direction close to the extra-long working face 10. The area after the second coal shearer 22 cuts coal is the second cut coal area. Push the part of the scraper conveyor 40 corresponding to the second cut coal area towards the direction close to the extra-long working face 10; As Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, step S4 further includes the following steps: The area after the first coal shearer 21 cuts coal is the third cut coal area. Push the part of the scraper conveyor 40 corresponding to the third cut coal area towards the direction close to the extra-long working face 10. The area after the second coal shearer 22 cuts coal is the fourth cut coal area. Push the part of the scraper conveyor 40 corresponding to the fourth cut coal area towards the direction close to the extra-long working face 10.

[0079] By controlling the coal plough conveyor 40 to push the scraper conveyor, the running tracks of the first shearer 21, the second shearer 22 and the self-opening notch machine 30 can be controlled; in step S2, the self-opening notch machine 30 moves with the second shearer 22, and then a first notch 13 can be formed at the corresponding position in the middle of the extra-long working face 10. The first shearer 21 moves along the coal plough conveyor 40 and can enter the first notch 13 to be in position; in step S4, the self-opening notch machine 30 moves with the first shearer 21, and then a second notch 14 can be formed at the corresponding position in the middle of the extra-long working face 10. The second shearer 22 moves along the coal plough conveyor 40 and can enter the second notch 14 to be in position.

[0080] As Figure 3 shown, after the second shearer 22 is in position in the second notch 14, the part of the coal plough conveyor 40 located between the second shearer 22 and the second end 12 is pushed to be straight. After that, the second shearer 22 can move towards the second end 12 to cut coal normally.

[0081] As Figure 6 shown, after the first shearer 21 is in position in the first notch 13, the part of the coal plough conveyor 40 located between the first shearer 21 and the first end 11 is pushed to be straight. After that, the first shearer 21 can move towards the first end 11 to cut coal normally.

[0082] In some embodiments, the self-opening notch machine 30 includes a frame 31, a second cutting device 33 and two first cutting devices 32; the frame 31 has a traveling part for connecting the coal plough conveyor 40; the two first cutting devices 32 are symmetrically arranged along the traveling direction of the frame 31. The first cutting device 32 includes a plurality of drill bit groups 321 arranged in sequence along the traveling direction of the frame 31. The drill bit groups 321 are rotatably connected to the frame 31 to form a circular cutting area. The rotation axis of the drill bit group 321 relative to the frame 31 is consistent with the traveling direction of the frame 31; the second cutting device 33 is arranged between the two first cutting devices 32. The diameters of the cutting areas formed by the plurality of drill bit groups 321 decrease in sequence along the direction away from the second cutting device 33. The second cutting device 33 includes a swing arm 331 and a cutting drum 332. The swing arm 331 is swingably connected to the frame 31, and the cutting drum 332 is rotatably connected to the swing arm 331. The swing axis of the swing arm 331 relative to the frame 31 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drill bit group 321 relative to the frame 31, and the rotation axis of the cutting drum 332 relative to the swing arm 331 is parallel to the swing axis of the swing arm 331 relative to the frame 31.

[0083] The walking part of the frame 31 is connected to the scraper conveyor 40, enabling the self-notch cutting machine 30 to travel along the length direction of the extra-long working face 10 to cut coal and form a notch. During the process of the self-notch cutting machine 30 traveling to cut coal, multiple drill bit groups 321 of the first cutting device 32 located in front of the second cutting device 33 rotate to form multiple cutting areas on the coal wall. The multiple cutting areas are arranged in a conical shape from front to back, which can reduce the cutting resistance. The notch formed by the drill bit group 321 located in the front on the coal wall is smaller. As the self-notch cutting machine 30 moves forward, the notches formed by the multiple drill bit groups 321 on the coal wall gradually expand. At the same time, the cutting drum 332 of the second cutting device 33 rotates to continue cutting the coal wall, and under the swing of the swing arm 331, the coal wall is cut through, so that the notch size can be enlarged to allow the shearer to enter.

[0084] Thus, in steps S1 - S5 of the mining method for the extra-long working face 10, the first shearer 21 and the second shearer 22 alternate in coal mining. The self-notch cutting machine 30 can form a first notch 13 and a second notch 14 in advance in the middle of the extra-long working face 10. When the first shearer 21 runs to the middle of the extra-long working face 10, it can directly enter the first notch 13 and take its place, and then start normal coal cutting operations. When the second shearer 22 runs to the middle of the extra-long working face 10, it can directly enter the second notch 14 and take its place, and then start normal coal cutting operations. There is no need to adopt the way of oblique cutting to enter the coal wall for normal coal cutting operations. The mining process is simpler and the coal cutting speed of the shearer is faster, so that the advancing speed of the extra-long working face 10 can be increased.

[0085] Optionally, the connection structure of the frame 31 of the self-notch cutting machine 30 connected to the scraper conveyor 40 is the same as the connection structure of the shearer connected to the scraper conveyor 40.

[0086] As an example, as Figures 11 to 13 shown, the first cutting device 32 includes four drill bit groups 321. The four drill bit groups 321 are arranged in a conical shape in sequence along the direction away from the second cutting device 33. The drill bit group 321 includes a rotating seat 3211 and six drill bits 3212. The rotating seat 3211 is columnar, and the six drill bits 3212 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating seat 3211. The drill bit 3212 can rotate around its own axis so that the drill bit 3212 can drill into the coal wall. At the same time, the rotating seat 3211 is rotatable relative to the frame 31, and then drives the six drill bits 3212 to rotate around the traveling direction of the notch cutting machine, so as to realize the coal cutting action.

[0087] As Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, the drill bit 3212 includes a tooth seat 3212-1 and a plurality of first cutting teeth 3212-2. The tooth seat 3212-1 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 3211 around its own axis. The tooth seat 3212-1 extends radially outward from the rotating seat 3211. A portion of the tooth seat 3212-1 away from the rotating seat 3211 is conical and its cross-section gradually decreases from the inside to the outside. The plurality of first cutting teeth 3212-2 are spirally arranged along the extension direction of the tooth seat 3212-1. Therefore, the drill bit 3212 can cut the coal wall by rotating around its own axis, and the cutting efficiency is relatively high.

[0088] like Figure 12 and Figure 15 As shown, the self-notching machine 30 also includes a transmission shaft 34 and a plurality of transmission components 35. The transmission shaft 34 is rotationally connected to the frame 31. The plurality of rotating seats 3211 are all mounted on the transmission shaft 34 and rotate synchronously therewith. The transmission component 35 corresponds to the rotating seat 3211 one by one, and the rotating seat 3211 is transmission-connected to the drill bit 3212 through the transmission component 35; the transmission component 35 includes a driving bevel gear 351 and a plurality of driven bevel gears 352 meshed with the driving bevel gear 351. The driving bevel gear 351 is mounted on the transmission shaft 34 and rotates synchronously therewith, so as to drive the plurality of driving bevel gears 351 to rotate synchronously through the transmission shaft 34; the driven bevel gears 352 correspond to and are connected to the drill bit 3212 one by one, and the driven bevel gear 352 is rotationally connected to the rotating seat 3211 through the rotating shaft 3521, so as to improve the stability of the driven bevel gear 352 relative to the rotating seat 3211.

[0089] Therefore, the transmission shaft 34 drives the rotating seat 3211 to rotate, so that the multiple drill bits 3212 can be rotated around the travel direction of the self-notching machine 30; at the same time, the transmission shaft 34 drives the active bevel gear 351 to rotate, and through the engagement of the active bevel gear 351 and the driven bevel gear 352, the multiple driven bevel gears 352 are driven to rotate, so that the multiple drill bits 3212 connected to the same rotating seat 3211 can be rotated around their own axes; thus, the rotation of the drill bit 3212 in two directions can be realized by only one power system, which saves more installation space.

[0090] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the second cutting device 33 includes a swing arm 331 and a cutting drum 332. The cutting drum 332 includes a drum body 3321 and a plurality of second cutting teeth 3322. The drum body 3321 is cylindrical and rotatably connected to the swing arm 331. The plurality of second cutting teeth 3322 are arranged in a spiral shape along the axial direction of the drum body 3321. During the process of the self-notching machine 30 walking and cutting coal, the cutting drum 332 rotates and cuts the coal wall through the plurality of second cutting teeth 3322.

[0091] The swing arm 331 is rotatably connected to the frame 31 through a swing shaft. A jack 333 is provided on the frame 31. The cylinder body of the jack 333 is hinged to the frame 31, and the telescopic rod of the jack 333 is hinged to one end of the swing arm 331. The other end of the swing arm 331 is connected to the cutting drum 332. Moreover, the connection position of the telescopic rod of the jack 333 on the swing arm 331 and the connection position of the cutting drum 332 on the swing arm 331 are respectively arranged on both sides of the swing shaft. Thus, the swing of the swing arm 331 can be controlled by the extension and retraction of the jack 333, and further, the swing of the cutting drum 332 in the up and down directions can be controlled to cut through the coal wall.

[0092] The number of the jacks 333 is two, namely a first jack and a second jack. The first jack and the second jack are oppositely arranged on both sides of the swing arm 331 along the traveling direction of the notch machine.

[0093] The first jack can drive the swing arm 331 to swing 90 degrees from the vertical direction to one side, and the second jack can drive the swing arm 331 to swing 90 degrees from the vertical direction to the other side. That is, the swing angle of the swing arm 331 is 180 degrees. Thus, the cutting efficiency of the second cutting device 33 can be improved.

[0094] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A super-long working face mining method, characterized in that: The super-long working face has a first end and a second end, and the super-long working face is provided with a plurality of coal shearers, at least one of the coal shearers is a first coal shearer, and at least one of the coal shearers is a second coal shearer, and the mining method comprises the following steps: S1: the first coal shearer moves to the first end, and at the same time uses a self-notching machine to cut coal in the middle of the super-long working face to form a second notch, and the second coal shearer enters the second notch; S2: the first coal shearer cuts coal from the first end to the second notch by an oblique cutting method, and the second coal shearer cuts coal from the second notch to the second end; S3: using the self-notching machine to cut coal in the middle of the super-long working face to form a first notch, the first coal shearer enters the first notch after cutting through the coal wall, and the second coal shearer moves to the second end after cutting through the coal wall; S4: the first coal shearer cuts coal from the first notch toward the first end, and the second coal shearer cuts coal from the second end toward the first notch by using an oblique cutting method; S5: Repeat steps S1 to S4 to realize mining work on the super-long working face.

2. The ultra-long working face mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the first notch is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine, and the depth of the second notch is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine.

3. The ultra-long working face mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first coal mining machine cuts coal from the first end to the second notch by using an oblique cutting method, including the following steps: The first coal mining machine cuts obliquely from the first end toward the second notch to form an oblique section and a straight section arranged in sequence from the first end to the second notch on the super-long working face; The first coal mining machine moves from the straight section to the bevel section to cut through the coal wall; The first coal mining machine runs with an empty cutter from the bevel section to the straight section, and cuts coal from the straight section to the second notch.

4. The ultra-long working face mining method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The time point when the first coal mining machine moves to the first end is the same as the time point when the second coal mining machine enters the second gap, and the time point when the first coal mining machine enters the first gap is the same as the time point when the second coal mining machine moves to the second end.

5. The ultra-long working face mining method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second notch is closer to the first end than the second end, and the first notch is closer to the second end than the first end.

6. The ultra-long working face mining method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The length of the first notch is equal to the length of the second notch; The length of the first notch and the length of the self-notching machine in place satisfy the following formula: in, is the positioning length of the self-notching machine, is the length of the first gap, is the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine, is the speed of the coal mining machine cutting coal by oblique cutting, It is the speed of the coal mining machine running with empty cutter.

7. The ultra-long working face mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the first coal mining machine, the second coal mining machine and the self-notching machine is provided with a distance meter, and the distance meter is used to monitor the distance between the self-notching machine and the first coal mining machine; and / or The distance meter is used to monitor the distance between the self-notching machine and the second coal mining machine.

8. The ultra-long working face mining method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine is When the first coal mining machine enters the first notch, the distance between the first coal mining machine and the self-notching machine is d1, d1≥ ×1min; and / or When the second coal mining machine enters the second notch, the distance between the second coal mining machine and the self-notching machine is d2, d2≥ ×1min.

9. The ultra-long working face mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The super-long working face is provided with a scraper conveyor for guiding the movement of the first coal mining machine, the second coal mining machine and the self-notching machine; The step S2 further comprises the following steps: The area after the first coal mining machine cuts the coal is the first cut coal area, and the portion of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the first cut coal area is pushed and slid toward the direction close to the super-long working face; the area after the second coal mining machine cuts the coal is the second cut coal area, and the portion of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the second cut coal area is pushed and slid toward the direction close to the super-long working face; The step S4 further comprises the following steps: The area after the first coal mining machine cuts coal is the third coal-cut area, and the part of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the third coal-cut area is pushed toward the direction close to the super-long working face. The area after the second coal mining machine cuts coal is the fourth coal-cut area, and the part of the scraper conveyor corresponding to the fourth coal-cut area is pushed toward the direction close to the super-long working face.

10. The ultra-long working face mining method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The self-notching machine comprises: A frame having a walking portion for connecting to a scraper conveyor; Two first cutting devices, the two first cutting devices are symmetrically arranged along the travel direction of the frame, the first cutting device comprises a plurality of drill bit groups arranged in sequence along the travel direction of the frame, the drill bit groups are rotatably connected to the frame to form a circular cutting area, and the rotation axis of the drill bit group relative to the frame is consistent with the travel direction of the frame; A second cutting device, wherein the second cutting device is arranged between the two first cutting devices, and the diameter of the cutting area formed by the plurality of drill bit groups decreases successively in the direction away from the second cutting device. The second cutting device comprises a swing arm and a cutting drum, wherein the swing arm is swingably connected to the frame, and the cutting drum is rotatably connected to the swing arm, and the swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drill bit group relative to the frame, and the rotation axis of the cutting drum relative to the swing arm is parallel to the swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame.

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