Compression ignition pre-combustion ignition system and operation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a compression ignition precombustion ignition system and an operation method, the compression ignition precombustion ignition system comprises an internal combustion engine, a compression ignition precombustion injection device and a hydraulic driving device, and a compression ignition driving cam of the hydraulic driving device is adopted to drive a compression ignition driving plunger to compress hydraulic oil; the compression ignition plunger is driven by the incompressibility of hydraulic oil to compress mixed gas in the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber, and reasonable design is conducted through the relation between the axial section of the compression ignition plunger high-pressure oil cavity and the axial section of the compression ignition driving high-pressure oil cavity, so that the stroke of the compression ignition plunger is increased, the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber is promoted to achieve the high compression ratio, and the compression ignition effect is improved. An injection driving cam of a hydraulic driving device is adopted to drive an injection driving plunger to compress hydraulic oil, then an injection valve is driven to communicate or disconnect the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber, and a hydraulic driving cam shaft is driven by a piston crankshaft or a valve cam shaft in the internal combustion engine to rotate. Timing variable control that the injection driving plunger reaches the top dead center is achieved, and accurate and controllable injection ignition of the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber on the main combustion chamber is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, and particularly relates to a compression ignition pre-chamber ignition system and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The key to pre-chamber combustion technology is to form a stable mixture in the pre-chamber that can be ignited by a traditional spark plug. For this purpose, a fuel injection device is usually used in the pre-chamber to inject a part of highly reactive fuel into the pre-chamber to form a mixture in the pre-chamber that is easily ignited by the spark plug. For example, the patent number ZL2024102185650 discloses a homogeneous charge compression ignition pre-chamber structure, an internal combustion engine and an operation method. However, the following disadvantages exist in the current pre-chamber combustion technology: The opening and closing of the pre-combustion valve are controlled by the pressure of the mixture and the elastic force of the spring. The spring stiffness and pre-tightening force determine that the opening pressure difference of the valve is fixed, and it is impossible to achieve reasonable opening under different working conditions of the internal combustion engine, and it is difficult to achieve accurate and controllable injection and ignition of the main combustion chamber by the compression ignition pre-chamber. Furthermore, the key problems in the existing compression ignition pre-chamber technology include that the injection timing of the pre-chamber is not controlled and the compression ratio of the pre-chamber is difficult to increase. Summary of the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to provide a compression ignition pre-chamber ignition system and an operation method thereof, which can promote the compression ignition pre-chamber to achieve a high compression ratio, and achieve accurate and controllable injection and ignition of the main combustion chamber by the compression ignition pre-chamber, so as to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial choice or create conditions.

[0003] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems: The present invention provides a compression ignition pre-chamber ignition system, including: An internal combustion engine, provided with at least one cylinder, a piston is slidably and sealingly sleeved along the axial direction in the cylinder, and a main combustion chamber is formed between the piston and the inner space of the cylinder; The compression ignition pre - injection device is provided with at least one. The compression ignition pre - injection device includes a compression ignition pre - injection device body, a compression ignition plunger, a compression ignition plunger spring, an injection plunger, an injection plunger spring, and an injection valve. The compression ignition pre - injection device body is provided with a compression ignition plunger hole cavity, an injection plunger hole cavity, an air inlet, and an injection hole. The compression ignition plunger is axially slidably and sealingly sleeved in the compression ignition plunger hole cavity. The two end faces of the compression ignition plunger respectively form a compression ignition plunger high - pressure oil cavity and a compression ignition pre - combustion chamber with the compression ignition plunger hole cavity. The compression ignition plunger high - pressure oil cavity is provided with a compression ignition plunger high - pressure oil inlet. The compression ignition plunger spring is configured to provide a restoring elastic force for the compression ignition plunger to move towards the compression ignition plunger high - pressure oil cavity. The inner peripheral wall of the compression ignition plunger hole cavity is provided with an air intake cavity communicating with the air inlet and the compression ignition pre - combustion chamber. The injection plunger is axially slidably and sealingly sleeved in the injection plunger hole cavity. The two end faces of the injection plunger respectively form an injection plunger high - pressure oil cavity and an injection cavity with the injection plunger hole cavity. The injection plunger high - pressure oil cavity is provided with an injection plunger high - pressure oil inlet. The injection plunger spring is configured to provide a restoring elastic force for the injection plunger to move towards the injection plunger high - pressure oil cavity. The injection hole is located on the extension line of the axis of the injection plunger. One end of the injection hole penetrates the injection cavity, and the other end of the injection hole communicates with the main combustion chamber. The injection valve is connected to the end of the injection plunger away from the injection plunger high - pressure oil cavity. The injection valve is configured to open and block the injection hole. At least one pre - combustion chamber connection channel is connected between the injection cavity and the compression ignition pre - combustion chamber; The hydraulic drive device includes a hydraulic drive device body, a compression ignition drive plunger, an injection drive plunger, a compression ignition drive plunger spring, an injection drive plunger spring, at least one hydraulic drive camshaft, a compression ignition drive cam, and an injection drive cam. The compression ignition drive cam and the injection drive cam are fixedly sleeved on the hydraulic drive camshaft. The hydraulic drive camshaft is driven to rotate by a piston crankshaft or a valve camshaft in an internal combustion engine. The hydraulic drive device body is provided with a compression ignition drive plunger hole cavity, an injection drive plunger hole cavity, a compression ignition drive hydraulic oil outlet, and an injection drive hydraulic oil outlet. The compression ignition drive plunger is axially slidably and sealingly sleeved in the compression ignition drive plunger hole cavity. One end of the compression ignition drive plunger forms a compression ignition drive high - pressure oil cavity with the compression ignition drive plunger hole cavity. The other end of the compression ignition drive plunger abuts against the compression ignition drive cam. The compression ignition drive high - pressure oil cavity is provided with a compression ignition drive hydraulic oil outlet. The compression ignition drive hydraulic oil outlet is connected to the compression ignition plunger high - pressure oil inlet. The compression ignition drive plunger spring is configured to provide a restoring elastic force for the compression ignition drive plunger to move towards the compression ignition drive cam. The injection drive plunger is axially slidably and sealingly sleeved in the injection drive plunger hole cavity. One end of the injection drive plunger forms an injection drive high - pressure oil cavity with the injection drive plunger hole cavity. The other end of the injection drive plunger abuts against the injection drive cam. The injection drive high - pressure oil cavity is provided with an injection drive hydraulic oil outlet. The injection drive hydraulic oil outlet is connected to the injection plunger high - pressure oil cavity. The injection drive plunger spring is configured to provide a restoring elastic force for the injection drive plunger to move towards the injection drive cam.

[0004] The beneficial effects of the compression ignition pre - combustion ignition system of the present invention are as follows: The compression ignition pre - combustion ignition system of the present invention uses a compression ignition drive cam of a hydraulic drive device to drive a compression ignition drive plunger to compress hydraulic oil. Utilizing the incompressibility of the hydraulic oil, it drives the compression ignition plunger to compress the mixture in the compression ignition pre - combustion chamber. Through reasonable design of the relationship between the axial cross - sectional areas of the high - pressure oil chamber of the compression ignition plunger and the high - pressure oil chamber of the compression ignition drive, the stroke of the compression ignition plunger is increased to promote a high compression ratio in the compression ignition pre - combustion chamber. The present invention also uses an injection drive cam of the hydraulic drive device to drive an injection drive plunger to compress hydraulic oil, and uses the hydraulic oil to drive the injection plunger to reciprocate, thereby driving the injection valve to connect or disconnect the connection between the compression ignition pre - combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber. And the hydraulic drive camshaft is driven to rotate by the piston crankshaft or the valve camshaft in the internal combustion engine, enabling variable timing control for the injection drive plunger to reach the top dead center, and realizing accurate and controllable injection in the compression ignition pre - combustion chamber to ignite the main combustion chamber.

[0005] As a further improvement of the above - mentioned technical solution, the axial cross - sectional area of the compression ignition drive high - pressure oil chamber is larger than the axial cross - sectional area of the high - pressure oil chamber of the compression ignition plunger; The axial cross - sectional area of the injection drive high - pressure oil chamber is smaller than the axial cross - sectional area of the high - pressure oil chamber of the injection plunger.

[0006] As a further improvement of the above - mentioned technical solution, the injection valve includes a valve disc and a valve stem connected coaxially. One end of the valve stem is connected to the injection plunger, and the other end of the valve stem is connected to the valve disc. The end face of the valve disc facing the valve stem abuts against the edge of the end of the injection hole away from the injection chamber; The diameter of the position where the injection hole abuts against the valve disc is equal to the diameter of the small - diameter section of the injection plunger; The wall surfaces of the pre - combustion chamber connection channel and the injection chamber are coated with heat - insulating materials; The interior of the injection valve is filled with phase - change materials.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above - mentioned technical solution, the transmission ratio between the hydraulic drive camshaft and the piston crankshaft of the internal combustion engine is 1:2, or the transmission ratio between the hydraulic drive camshaft and the valve camshaft of the internal combustion engine is 1:1.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above - mentioned technical solution, the compression ignition drive high - pressure oil chamber is provided with a compression ignition drive hydraulic oil inlet for delivering hydraulic oil to the compression ignition drive high - pressure oil chamber, and the compression ignition drive hydraulic oil inlet is provided with a first one - way valve for flowing from the outside to the compression ignition drive high - pressure oil chamber; The injection drive high - pressure oil chamber is provided with an injection drive hydraulic oil inlet for delivering hydraulic oil to the injection drive high - pressure oil chamber, and the injection drive hydraulic oil inlet is provided with a second one - way valve for flowing from the outside to the injection drive high - pressure oil chamber.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the compression ignition drive high-pressure oil chamber is provided with a compression ignition drive hydraulic oil drain port, and the compression ignition drive hydraulic oil drain port is provided with a first pressure relief valve; The injection drive high-pressure oil chamber is provided with an injection drive hydraulic oil drain port, and the injection drive hydraulic oil drain port is provided with a second pressure relief valve.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the compression ignition pre-injection device body is provided with an exhaust port, and an exhaust cavity communicating with the exhaust port and the compression ignition pre-chamber is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the compression ignition plunger hole cavity; The size of the exhaust cavity along the central axis direction of the compression ignition plunger hole cavity is larger than that of the intake cavity.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the compression ignition plunger hole cavity and the injection plunger hole cavity are respectively of a "T"-shaped stepped hole structure. The "T"-shaped stepped hole structure includes a large hole section, a small hole section and a stepped surface. The compression ignition plunger and the injection plunger are respectively of a "T"-shaped stepped shaft structure. The "T"-shaped stepped shaft structure includes a large diameter section, a small diameter section and a stepped surface. The compression ignition pre-chamber is arranged in the small hole section of the compression ignition plunger hole cavity, and the injection cavity is arranged in the small hole section of the injection plunger hole cavity; A compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber is formed between the stepped surface of the compression ignition plunger, the stepped surface of the compression ignition plunger hole cavity and the side wall of the large hole section of the compression ignition plunger hole cavity; An injection plunger low-pressure oil chamber is formed between the stepped surface of the injection plunger, the stepped surface of the injection plunger hole cavity and the side wall of the large hole section of the injection plunger hole cavity; The compression ignition pre-injection device body is provided with a low-pressure oil inlet channel and a low-pressure oil outlet channel. The low-pressure oil inlet channel is respectively communicated with the compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber and the injection plunger low-pressure oil chamber. The low-pressure oil inlet channel is provided with a low-pressure oil inlet configured to deliver low-pressure oil to the compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber and the injection plunger low-pressure oil chamber. The low-pressure oil outlet channel is respectively communicated with the compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber and the injection plunger low-pressure oil chamber. The low-pressure oil outlet channel is provided with a low-pressure oil outlet configured to discharge the low-pressure oil in the compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber and the injection plunger low-pressure oil chamber.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the low-pressure oil inlet is provided with a third one-way valve, and a throttling device is provided between the low-pressure oil outlet channel and the compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber.

[0013] In addition, the present invention also proposes an operation method, which is applied to the compression ignition pre-ignition system. The operation method includes: Setting the internal combustion engine to operate at a preset speed, and the hydraulic drive camshaft rotates at half of the preset speed; In the middle and early stages of the compression stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston moves upward, compressing the mixture in the main combustion chamber. The compression ignition drive cam drives the compression ignition drive plunger upward, and incompressible hydraulic oil flows into the high-pressure oil chamber of the compression ignition plunger and pushes the compression ignition plunger downward. The compression ignition plunger compresses the mixture in the compression ignition pre-chamber, increasing the pressure and temperature of the mixture. The volume of the low-pressure oil chamber of the compression ignition plunger becomes smaller. A part of the hydraulic oil in the low-pressure oil chamber of the compression ignition plunger directly flows into the low-pressure oil outlet through the throttling device, and another part of the hydraulic oil is pressed into the low-pressure oil chamber of the injection plunger and flows into the low-pressure oil outlet through this. At this time, the injection chamber is kept disconnected from the main combustion chamber; initially, the compression ignition plunger makes the intake chamber, the compression ignition pre-chamber, and the exhaust chamber communicate with each other and perform scavenging and gas exchange, and then the compression ignition plunger separates the three from each other and closes the compression ignition pre-chamber; Near the top dead center in the late stage of the compression stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston continues to move upward and approaches the top dead center; the compression ignition drive cam drives the compression ignition drive plunger to reach the top dead center, and the hydraulic oil drives the compression ignition plunger to reach the bottom dead center; the temperature of the mixture in the compression ignition pre-chamber reaches the fuel self-ignition temperature and homogeneous compression ignition is achieved; the injection drive cam drives the injection drive plunger to start moving upward, and incompressible hydraulic oil flows into the high-pressure oil chamber of the injection plunger and pushes the injection plunger downward. The injection valve disengages from the lower edge of the injection hole, and the injection chamber communicates with the main combustion chamber; the injection plunger moves downward to press the hydraulic oil in the low-pressure oil chamber of the injection plunger into the low-pressure oil outlet; the high-temperature and high-pressure mixture in the compression ignition pre-chamber is injected into the main combustion chamber, and the high-temperature jet mixture ignites the fuel-air mixture in the main combustion chamber; In the early stage of the power stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston begins to move downward; the compression ignition drive cam drives the compression ignition drive plunger to stay at the top dead center, and high-pressure hydraulic oil drives the compression ignition plunger to stay at the bottom dead center; the injection drive cam drives the injection drive plunger to continue moving upward and reach the top dead center, and the injection plunger continues to move downward and reach the bottom dead center under the drive of hydraulic oil; after the injection drive plunger stays at the top dead center for a period of time, the injection drive plunger begins to move downward under the drive of the injection drive plunger spring; after the injection plunger stays at the bottom dead center for a period of time, the injection drive plunger begins to move downward under the drive of the injection drive plunger spring. At this time, the flame in the main combustion chamber gradually spreads to the surrounding by propagation, and the pressure and temperature of the mixture in the main combustion chamber both rise, pushing the piston to move downward to the bottom dead center and outputting work externally; In the middle and late stages of the power stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston continues to move downward and reaches the bottom dead center; the compression ignition drive plunger spring drives the compression ignition drive plunger to start moving downward, and the compression ignition plunger spring drives the compression ignition plunger to start moving upward; the injection drive plunger continues to move downward and reaches the bottom dead center under the drive of the injection drive plunger spring, and the injection plunger continues to move upward and reaches the top dead center under the drive of the injection plunger spring; the injection plunger drives the injection valve to move upward, so that the injection valve abuts against the lower edge of the injection hole again, and the injection chamber is disconnected from the main combustion chamber again; at this time, the flame in the main combustion chamber is transmitted to the entire main combustion chamber by means of propagation, the pressure and temperature of the mixture gas in the main combustion chamber both rise, the piston is pushed to move towards the bottom dead center and external work is output; due to the increase in volume of the low-pressure oil chamber of the compression ignition plunger and the low-pressure oil chamber of the injection plunger, the hydraulic oil pressure decreases, and the external hydraulic oil enters the low-pressure oil chamber of the compression ignition plunger and the low-pressure oil chamber of the injection plunger through the third one-way valve and the low-pressure oil inlet passage; In the exhaust stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, and the exhaust gas after combustion in the main combustion chamber is pushed out through the exhaust passage; the compression ignition drive plunger spring drives the compression ignition drive plunger to continue moving downward and reaches the bottom dead center, and the compression ignition plunger spring drives the compression ignition plunger to continue moving upward and reaches the top dead center; when the compression ignition plunger moves upward near the top dead center, the exhaust chamber is first communicated with the compression ignition pre-chamber, and the mixture gas in the pre-chamber enters the exhaust chamber quickly under the drive of its own pressure to achieve free exhaust; the compression ignition plunger continues to move upward until the top dead center, the intake chamber, the exhaust chamber and the compression ignition pre-chamber are communicated with each other, and the fresh fuel-air mixture gas enters the compression ignition pre-chamber through the intake chamber, squeezing the residual exhaust gas in the compression ignition pre-chamber into the exhaust chamber to continuously carry out scavenging and air exchange; the injection drive plunger remains at the bottom dead center under the drive of the injection drive plunger spring, the injection plunger remains at the top dead center under the drive of the injection plunger spring, the injection plunger drives the injection valve to abut against the lower edge of the injection hole, and the injection chamber is disconnected from the main combustion chamber; During the intake stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, sucking the air in the intake passage into the main combustion chamber. In the later stage of the intake stroke, the compression ignition drive plunger cam drives the compression ignition drive plunger to start moving upward, and hydraulic oil enters the high-pressure oil chamber of the compression ignition plunger, and the hydraulic oil pushes the compression ignition plunger to start moving downward; during the intake stroke, the injection drive plunger is held at the bottom dead center by the injection drive plunger spring, the injection plunger is held at the top dead center by the injection plunger spring, the injection plunger drives the injection valve to abut against the lower edge of the injection hole, and the injection chamber is disconnected from the main combustion chamber; after the compression ignition plunger moves downward, the volume of the low-pressure oil chamber of the compression ignition plunger decreases, part of the hydraulic oil in the low-pressure oil chamber of the compression ignition plunger is pressed into the low-pressure oil outlet passage, and another part of the hydraulic oil is pressed into the low-pressure oil chamber of the injection plunger and enters the low-pressure oil outlet passage through this; after the compression ignition plunger moves downward for a certain distance, the compression ignition plunger first disconnects the intake chamber from the compression ignition prechamber; the compression ignition plunger continues to move downward, and a part of the fresh mixture in the compression ignition prechamber is pushed out through the exhaust chamber; then the compression ignition plunger disconnects the exhaust chamber from the compression ignition prechamber, closing the compression ignition prechamber. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a compression ignition pre-ignition system provided by the present invention, showing an embodiment; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a compression ignition pre-injection device provided by the present invention, showing an embodiment when the compression ignition plunger is at the top dead center; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a compression ignition pre-injection device provided by the present invention, showing an embodiment when the compression ignition plunger is at the bottom dead center; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the low-pressure oil circuit of a compression ignition pre-injection device provided by the present invention, showing an embodiment; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure oil circuit of a compression ignition pre-injection device provided by the present invention, showing an embodiment; Figure 6 It is a partial schematic diagram of the lower part of a compression ignition pre-injection device provided by the present invention, showing an embodiment; Figure 7 It is a hydraulic drive device provided by the present invention, showing a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment when the compression ignition drive plunger and the injection drive plunger are at the top dead center; Figure 8 It is a hydraulic drive device provided by the present invention, showing a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment when the compression ignition drive plunger and the injection drive plunger are at the bottom dead center; Figure 9The stroke schematic diagrams of the piston, compression ignition driving plunger, injection driving plunger, compression ignition plunger, and injection plunger in one embodiment of the compression ignition pre-ignition ignition system provided by the present invention, which has an exhaust cavity and an exhaust passage. Figure 10 The stroke schematic diagrams of the piston, compression ignition driving plunger, injection driving plunger, compression ignition plunger, and injection plunger in one embodiment of the compression ignition pre-ignition ignition system provided by the present invention, which cancels the exhaust cavity and the exhaust passage. Specific embodiments

[0015] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, a compression ignition pre-ignition ignition system in this embodiment includes: an internal combustion engine, at least one compression ignition pre-injection device 200, and a hydraulic driving device 300.

[0016] The internal combustion engine is a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine and is a conventional four-stroke internal combustion engine. Its structure and form are the same as those of existing conventional internal combustion engines not described herein. As Figure 1 shown, the internal combustion engine includes components such as a cylinder head, a cylinder block, a piston, a fuel nozzle, an intake valve, and an exhaust valve. Its structure and form are the same as those of the components of existing conventional internal combustion engines not described herein. An intake passage and an exhaust passage are provided on the cylinder head.

[0017] The compression ignition pre-injection device 200 includes a compression ignition pre-injection device body 210, a compression ignition plunger 220, a compression ignition plunger spring 230, an injection plunger 240, an injection plunger spring 250, and an injection valve 260. The cylinder head is also provided with a stepped cylindrical pre-ignition compression injection device body hole, which penetrates the entire cylinder head from top to bottom. The outer shape of the pre-ignition compression injection device body hole matches that of the compression ignition pre-injection device body 210, facilitating the installation, disassembly, and repair of the pre-ignition compression injection device body. Among them, the cylinder block is provided with at least one cylinder. The number of cylinders corresponds one-to-one with the number of compression ignition pre-injection devices 200. A piston is slidably and sealingly sleeved along the axial direction inside the cylinder. The piston and the internal space of the cylinder form a main combustion chamber 100. The compression ignition pre-injection device body 210 is of a sleeve structure with a stepped shape. The compression ignition pre-injection device body 210 is installed in the pre-ignition compression injection device body hole 110, and its bottom surface is flush with the bottom plane of the cylinder head.

[0018] The compression ignition pre-injection device 200 includes a compression ignition pre-injection device body 210, a compression ignition plunger 220, a compression ignition plunger spring 230, an injection plunger 240, an injection plunger spring 250, and an injection valve 260.

[0019] The top of the compression ignition pre - injection device body 210 is provided with an air inlet 211, an exhaust port 212, a low - pressure fuel inlet 213, a low - pressure fuel outlet 214, a compression ignition plunger high - pressure fuel inlet 215, and an injection plunger high - pressure fuel inlet 216, all of which are traditional and known joint - type interfaces for realizing fluid - flow connection with the outside. In the upper part of the center of the compression ignition pre - injection device body 210, there is a compression ignition plunger hole cavity 217, which is in the shape of a "T" - shaped cylindrical stepped hole, including a large - hole section, a small - hole section, and a stepped surface. Below the compression ignition plunger hole cavity 217 of the compression ignition pre - injection device body 210, there is an injection plunger hole cavity 218, which is also in the shape of a "T" - shaped cylindrical stepped hole, including a large - hole section, a small - hole section, and a stepped surface.

[0020] The compression ignition plunger 220 is a "T" - shaped cylindrical stepped shaft - like structure, similar to the shape of the plunger commonly used in the hydraulic transmission system, including a large - diameter section, a small - diameter section, and a stepped surface. The injection plunger 240 is also a "T" - shaped cylindrical stepped shaft - like structure, including a large - diameter section, a small - diameter section, and a stepped surface, but a through - hole is machined on its central axis.

[0021] The injection valve 260 is a mushroom - shaped valve structure, and its outer shape is similar to the structure of the intake and exhaust valves of an internal combustion engine. The injection valve 260 includes a valve disc 261 and a valve stem 262 connected coaxially. One end of the valve stem 262 is connected to the injection plunger 240, and the other end of the valve stem 262 is connected to the valve disc 261. The end face of the valve disc 261 facing the valve stem 262 abuts against the edge of the end of the injection hole 2421 far away from the injection cavity 242. The compression ignition plunger spring 230 and the injection plunger spring 250 are common springs, such as cylindrical springs.

[0022] The compression ignition plunger 220 is axially slidably and sealingly sleeved in the compression ignition plunger hole cavity 217 of the compression ignition pre-combustion injection device body 210. The space jointly formed by the large-diameter section end face of the compression ignition plunger 220 and the side wall and end face of the large-hole section of the compression ignition plunger hole cavity 217 is the high-pressure oil chamber 221 of the compression ignition plunger. The space jointly formed by the small-diameter section end face of the compression ignition plunger 220 and the side wall and end face of the small-hole section of the compression ignition plunger hole cavity 217 is the pre-combustion chamber 222 of the compression ignition. The space jointly formed by the stepped surface of the compression ignition plunger 220 and the compression ignition plunger hole cavity 217 and the side wall of the large-hole section of the compression ignition plunger hole cavity 217 is the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression ignition plunger. The two ends of the compression ignition plunger spring 230 respectively abut against the compression ignition plunger 220 and the stepped surface of the compression ignition plunger hole cavity 217, and the compression ignition plunger spring 230 is fully compressed during the axial sliding process of the compression ignition plunger 220; the side wall of the small-hole section of the compression ignition plunger hole cavity 217 is separately provided with an intake chamber 2171 and an exhaust chamber 2172, and the two are communicated through the compression ignition plunger hole cavity 217; the intake chamber 2171 is communicated with the intake port 211 through the intake passage 2173, and the exhaust chamber 2172 is communicated with the exhaust port 212 through the exhaust passage 2174; when the compression ignition plunger 220 is at the top dead center, the small-diameter section end face of the compression ignition plunger 220 is above the intake chamber 2171 and the exhaust chamber 2172, and the intake chamber 2171 and the exhaust chamber 2172 are communicated through the compression ignition plunger hole cavity 217; when the compression ignition plunger 220 descends a certain distance, the small-diameter section end face of the compression ignition plunger 220 is below the intake chamber 2171 and the exhaust chamber 2172, and the intake chamber 2171 and the exhaust chamber 2172 are not communicated, and the pre-combustion chamber 222 of the compression ignition is closed. When the compression ignition plunger 220 is at the top dead center, the fresh fuel mixture from the outside enters the pre-combustion chamber 222 of the compression ignition through the intake port 211, the intake passage 2173, and the intake chamber 2171, and the residual exhaust gas in the pre-combustion chamber 222 of the compression ignition in the previous cycle is swept out through the exhaust chamber 2172, the exhaust passage 2174, and the exhaust port 212 by the cross-flow scavenging method. When the compression ignition plunger 220 descends to a position where its small-diameter section end face is lower than the intake chamber 2171 and the exhaust chamber 2172, the intake chamber 2171, the exhaust chamber 2172, and the pre-combustion chamber 222 of the compression ignition are not communicated, and the scavenging ends; when the compression ignition plunger 220 continues to descend, the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber 222 of the compression ignition is compressed. Once the compression process reaches the self-ignition condition of the mixture, the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber 222 of the compression ignition burns rapidly to obtain a high-temperature and high-pressure mixture.

[0023] The high-pressure oil chamber 221 of the compression-ignition plunger is communicated with the high-pressure oil inlet 215 of the compression-ignition plunger to ensure that high-pressure hydraulic oil can enter the high-pressure oil chamber 221 of the compression-ignition plunger; under high oil pressure, the hydraulic oil pushes the compression-ignition plunger 220 to move downward; when the pressure of the hydraulic oil decreases, the compression-ignition plunger 220 is pushed to move upward by the elastic force of the compression-ignition plunger spring. The low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression-ignition plunger is communicated with the low-pressure oil inlet 213 through the low-pressure oil inlet passage 2133, and a third one-way valve 2131 is provided at the low-pressure oil inlet 213; the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression-ignition plunger is communicated with the low-pressure oil outlet 214 through the low-pressure oil outlet passage 2132; during the upward movement of the compression-ignition plunger 220, the external hydraulic oil overcomes the pressure difference of the third one-way valve 2131 and enters the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression-ignition plunger; during the downward movement of the compression-ignition plunger 220, the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression-ignition plunger is pressed into the low-pressure oil outlet passage 2132; a throttling device 2134 is provided on the low-pressure oil outlet passage 2132 of the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression-ignition plunger to prevent the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression-ignition plunger from flowing out.

[0024] The injection plunger 240 is axially slidably and sealingly sleeved in the injection plunger hole cavity 218. The space formed by the end face of the large-diameter section of the injection plunger 240 and the side wall and end face of the large-hole section of the injection plunger hole cavity 218 is the high-pressure oil chamber 241 of the injection plunger. The space formed by the end face of the small-diameter section of the injection plunger 240 and the side wall of the small-hole section of the injection plunger hole cavity 218 is the injection chamber 242. The space formed by the stepped surface of the injection plunger 240 and the injection plunger hole cavity 218 and the side wall of the large-hole section of the injection plunger hole cavity 218 is the low-pressure oil chamber 243 of the injection plunger. The small-hole section below the injection plunger hole cavity 218 directly penetrates the injection chamber 242. The injection chamber 242 is communicated with the compression-ignition pre-chamber 222 through the pre-chamber connection passage 244; an injection hole 2421 is provided below the injection chamber 242. One end of the injection hole 2421 directly penetrates the injection chamber 242, and the other end of the injection hole 2421 is communicated with the main combustion chamber 100.

[0025] Both ends of the injection plunger spring 250 are respectively in contact with the injection plunger 240 and the stepped surface of the injection plunger hole cavity 218; during the axial sliding process of the injection plunger 240, the injection plunger spring 250 is fully compressed; the injection valve 260 is installed in the injection hole 2421, its valve disc 261 is in contact with the lower edge of the injection hole 2421, and its valve stem 262 is inserted into the central hole of the injection plunger 240 and is rigidly connected. Under the action of the elastic force of the injection plunger spring 250, the injection plunger 240 drives the valve disc 261 of the injection valve 260 to tightly abut against the lower edge of the injection hole 2421 to form a seal, and the injection chamber 242 and the main combustion chamber 100 are separated. The injection chamber 242 is communicated with the compression-ignition pre-chamber 222 through the pre-chamber connection passage 244. When the compression-ignition plunger 220 continues to move downward to compress and auto-ignite the mixture in the compression-ignition pre-chamber 222, the injection chamber 242 is also filled with high-temperature and high-pressure mixture.

[0026] The high-pressure oil chamber 241 of the injection plunger is communicated with the high-pressure oil inlet 216 of the injection plunger through the high-pressure oil passage 2161 to ensure that high-pressure hydraulic oil can enter the high-pressure oil chamber 241 of the injection plunger; under high oil pressure, the hydraulic oil pushes the injection plunger 240 downward, and the injection plunger 240 drives the injection valve 260 downward, and the injection chamber 242 is communicated with the main combustion chamber 100; when the pressure of the hydraulic oil decreases, the injection plunger 240 can move upward by relying on the elastic force of the injection plunger spring 250, and the injection chamber 242 is separated from the main combustion chamber 100. During the period when the injection chamber 242 is communicated with the main combustion chamber 100, the high-temperature and high-pressure mixed gas in the injection chamber 242, the compression ignition pre-chamber 222 and the pre-chamber connection passage 244 is injected into the main combustion chamber 100 through the injection hole 2421 and the cylindrical flow interface between the valve disc 261 of the injection valve 260 and the lower edge of the injection hole 2421, igniting the fuel-air mixture in the main combustion chamber 100; different from the multi-hole jet of the existing traditional pre-chamber, the jet of the present invention is an annular jet.

[0027] The low-pressure oil chamber 243 of the injection plunger is communicated with the low-pressure oil inlet 213 and the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression ignition plunger through the low-pressure oil passage 2133; the low-pressure oil chamber 243 of the injection plunger is communicated with the low-pressure oil outlet 214 through the low-pressure oil passage 2132; during the upward movement of the compression ignition plunger 220 and the injection plunger 240, the external hydraulic oil overcomes the pressure difference of the third one-way valve 2131 and enters the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression ignition plunger; during the downward movement of the compression ignition plunger 220, due to the throttling effect of the throttling device 2134 in the low-pressure oil passage 2132, part of the hydraulic oil in the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression ignition plunger is pressed into the low-pressure oil passage 2133 and the low-pressure oil chamber 243 of the injection plunger, and then enters the low-pressure oil passage 2132 and flows out through the low-pressure oil outlet 214. During the downward movement of the compression ignition plunger 220 and the injection plunger 240, the forced flow of the hydraulic oil can realize the forced cooling of the stepped surface and the small-diameter section of the injection plunger 240, reducing the thermal load of the injection valve 260.

[0028] The hydraulic driving device 300 of this embodiment includes a hydraulic driving device body 310, a compression ignition driving plunger 320, an injection driving plunger 330, a compression ignition driving plunger spring 340, an injection driving plunger spring 350, at least one hydraulic driving camshaft 360, a compression ignition driving cam 370, and an injection driving cam 380, wherein the compression ignition driving cam 370 and the injection driving cam 380 are fixedly sleeved on the hydraulic driving camshaft 360.

[0029] The hydraulic drive device body 310 is a box-like structure, on which a compression ignition drive plunger hole cavity 311 and an injection drive plunger hole cavity 312 are arranged in parallel. Both the compression ignition drive plunger hole cavity 311 and the injection drive plunger hole cavity 312 are "T"-shaped cylindrical stepped hole structures, including a small hole section, a large hole section and a stepped surface. Above the compression ignition drive plunger hole cavity 311 of the hydraulic drive device body 310, there are a compression ignition drive hydraulic oil inlet 313, a compression ignition drive hydraulic oil outlet 314 and a compression ignition drive hydraulic oil drain port 315, all of which are traditional known joint-like interfaces for realizing fluid flow connection with the outside world. Above the injection drive plunger hole cavity 312 of the hydraulic drive device body 310, there are an injection drive hydraulic oil inlet 316, an injection drive hydraulic oil outlet 317 and an injection drive hydraulic oil drain port 318, which are also traditional known joint-like interfaces for realizing fluid flow connection with the outside world. The compression ignition drive plunger 320 and the injection drive plunger 330 are "T"-shaped cylindrical stepped shaft structures, and their shapes are similar to the common plunger shapes in hydraulic transmission systems, including a small diameter section, a large diameter section and a stepped surface. The compression ignition drive plunger spring 340 and the injection drive plunger spring 350 are common springs, such as cylindrical springs.

[0030] The compression-ignition driving plunger 320 is axially slidably and sealingly sleeved in the compression-ignition driving plunger hole cavity 311. The space formed by the end face of the small-diameter section of the compression-ignition driving plunger 320 and the side wall and end face of the small-hole section of the compression-ignition driving plunger hole cavity 311 is the compression-ignition driving high-pressure oil cavity 321. The compression-ignition driving hydraulic oil inlet 313 is communicated with the compression-ignition driving high-pressure oil cavity 321, and a first one-way valve 3131 is arranged in the middle. The compression-ignition driving hydraulic oil drain port 315 is communicated with the compression-ignition driving high-pressure oil cavity 321, and a first pressure relief valve 3151 is arranged in the middle. The compression-ignition driving hydraulic oil outlet 314 is communicated with the compression-ignition driving high-pressure oil cavity 321 and is connected to the compression-ignition plunger high-pressure oil inlet 215 through an external connecting pipe. The two ends of the compression-ignition driving plunger spring 340 respectively abut against the compression-ignition driving plunger 320 and the stepped surface of the compression-ignition driving plunger hole cavity 311. During the axial sliding process of the compression-ignition driving plunger 320, the compression-ignition driving plunger spring 340 is fully compressed. The end face of the large-diameter section of the compression-ignition driving plunger 320 abuts against the compression-ignition driving cam 370 on the hydraulic driving camshaft 360. The hydraulic driving camshaft 360 is rigidly connected to the compression-ignition driving cam 370. The rotating hydraulic driving camshaft 360 can drive the compression-ignition driving plunger 320 to reciprocate up and down. When the compression-ignition driving cam 370 drives the compression-ignition driving plunger 320 to move upward, the compression-ignition driving high-pressure oil cavity 321 is compressed. Due to the incompressibility of the hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil inside it enters the compression-ignition plunger high-pressure oil cavity 221 through the connecting pipe and pushes the compression-ignition plunger 220 to move downward. When the compression-ignition driving cam 370 and the compression-ignition driving plunger spring 340 act together to drive the compression-ignition driving plunger 320 to move downward, the hydraulic oil pressure in the compression-ignition driving high-pressure oil cavity 321 and the compression-ignition plunger high-pressure oil cavity 221 decreases. The compression-ignition plunger 220 moves upward under the action of the elastic force of the compression-ignition plunger spring 230 and the gas pressure in the compression-ignition pre-chamber 222, and the hydraulic oil in the compression-ignition plunger high-pressure oil cavity 221 is pushed back into the compression-ignition driving high-pressure oil cavity 321. During the upward movement of the compression-ignition driving plunger 320, when the pressure in the compression-ignition driving high-pressure oil cavity 321 is too high, the hydraulic oil can be released through the first pressure relief valve 3151 and the compression-ignition driving hydraulic oil drain port 315. During the downward movement of the compression-ignition driving plunger 320, when the pressure in the compression-ignition driving high-pressure oil cavity 321 is too low, the external hydraulic oil can be introduced into the compression-ignition driving high-pressure oil cavity 321 through the first one-way valve 3131 and the compression-ignition driving hydraulic oil inlet 313.

[0031] The injection drive plunger 330 is axially slidably sealed and sleeved in the injection drive plunger hole cavity 312. The space enclosed by the end face of the small-diameter section of the injection drive plunger 330 and the side wall and end face of the small-hole section of the injection drive plunger hole cavity 312 is the injection drive high-pressure oil cavity 331. The injection drive hydraulic oil inlet 316 is communicated with the injection drive high-pressure oil cavity 331, and a second one-way valve 3161 is arranged in the middle. The injection drive hydraulic oil drain port 318 is communicated with the injection drive high-pressure oil cavity 331, and a second pressure relief valve 3181 is arranged in the middle. The injection drive hydraulic oil outlet 317 is communicated with the injection drive high-pressure oil cavity 331 and is connected to the injection plunger high-pressure oil inlet 216 through an external connecting pipe. The two ends of the injection drive plunger spring 350 respectively abut against the injection drive plunger 330 and the stepped surface of the injection drive plunger hole cavity 312. During the axial sliding process of the injection drive plunger 330, the injection drive plunger spring 350 is fully compressed. The end face of the large-diameter section of the injection drive plunger 330 abuts against the injection drive cam 380 on the hydraulic drive camshaft 360. The hydraulic drive camshaft 360 is rigidly connected to the injection drive cam 380. The rotating hydraulic drive camshaft 360 can drive the injection drive plunger 330 to reciprocate up and down. When the injection drive cam 380 drives the injection drive plunger 330 to move upward, the injection drive high-pressure oil cavity 331 is compressed. The incompressibility of the hydraulic oil causes the hydraulic oil inside to enter the injection plunger high-pressure oil cavity 241 through the connecting pipe and push the injection plunger 240 and the injection valve 260 to move downward. When the injection drive cam 380 and the injection drive plunger spring 350 act together to drive the injection drive plunger 330 to move downward, the hydraulic oil pressure in the injection drive high-pressure oil cavity 331 and the injection plunger high-pressure oil cavity 241 decreases. The injection plunger 240 moves upward under the elastic force of the injection plunger spring 250, and the hydraulic oil in the injection plunger high-pressure oil cavity 241 is pushed back into the injection drive high-pressure oil cavity 331. During the upward movement of the injection drive plunger 330, when the pressure in the injection drive high-pressure oil cavity 331 is too high, the hydraulic oil can be released through the second pressure relief valve 3181 and the injection drive hydraulic oil drain port 318. During the downward movement of the injection drive plunger 330, when the pressure in the injection drive high-pressure oil cavity 331 is too low, the external hydraulic oil can be introduced into the injection drive high-pressure oil cavity 331 through the second one-way valve 3161 and the injection drive hydraulic oil inlet 316.

[0032] The hydraulic drive camshaft 360 is driven by the piston crankshaft or the valve camshaft in the internal combustion engine through a gear train or a belt, ensuring that the rotational movements of the two are coupled to each other. The transmission ratio between the hydraulic drive camshaft 360 and the piston crankshaft of the internal combustion engine is 1:2, or the transmission ratio between the hydraulic drive camshaft 360 and the valve camshaft of the internal combustion engine is 1:1. In a four-stroke internal combustion engine, the crankshaft rotates two circles in one cycle, and the hydraulic drive camshaft 360 rotates one circle. The injection drive cam 380 and the compression ignition drive cam 370 respectively drive the injection drive plunger 330 and the compression ignition drive plunger 320 to achieve one reciprocating up-and-down movement each. By using the variable valve timing technology on the existing internal combustion engine camshaft, it is also possible to vary the timing of the reciprocating up-and-down movement of the injection drive plunger 330 and the compression ignition drive plunger 320.

[0033] The low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression ignition plunger is located between the high-pressure oil chamber 221 of the compression ignition plunger and the compression ignition prechamber 222. On the one hand, it collects the hydraulic oil leaked from the high-pressure oil chamber. On the other hand, it prevents the high-pressure gas in the compression ignition prechamber 222 from leaking into the high-pressure oil chamber. Another function is to cool the compression ignition plunger 220.

[0034] Furthermore, the dimension of the exhaust chamber 2172 along the central axis direction of the compression ignition plunger hole chamber 217 is larger than that of the intake chamber 2171 to achieve the free exhaust stage and ensure that as little exhaust gas as possible remains in the compression ignition prechamber 222. During the upward movement of the compression ignition plunger 220, the end face of the small-diameter section of the compression ignition plunger 220 first connects the exhaust chamber 2172 with the compression ignition prechamber 222. The exhaust gas in the compression ignition prechamber 222 is driven by the pressure in the compression ignition prechamber 222 and enters the exhaust port 212 through the exhaust chamber 2172 and the exhaust passage 2174, forming the free exhaust stage, and the residual exhaust gas in the compression ignition prechamber 222 rapidly decreases. After that, the compression ignition plunger 220 continues to move upward, and the end face of the small-diameter section of the compression ignition plunger 220 connects the intake chamber 2171, the exhaust chamber 2172, and the compression ignition prechamber 222 all together. The fresh mixture in the intake chamber 2171 enters the compression ignition prechamber 222 under the pressure drive, and at the same time, the residual exhaust gas is squeezed into the exhaust chamber 2172.

[0035] In some other embodiments, the exhaust chamber 2172, the exhaust passage 2174, and the exhaust port 212 are cancelled. The intake chamber 2171 is arranged along the side wall of the small-hole section of the compression ignition plunger hole chamber 217. The injection drive cam 380 is redesigned to ensure that the injection drive plunger 330 reciprocates up and down twice in one internal combustion engine cycle, the first time near the compression top dead center and the second time in the intake stage. The reciprocating up-and-down movement of the injection drive plunger 330 in the intake stage can open the injection valve 260, and the fresh mixture entering the compression ignition prechamber 222 from the intake chamber 2171 can squeeze the residual exhaust gas into the main combustion chamber 100 through the prechamber connection passage 244, the injection chamber 242, and the injection hole 2421, realizing direct current scavenging with better scavenging effect.

[0036] The axial cross-sectional area of the compression ignition drive high-pressure oil chamber 321 in this embodiment is larger than that of the compression ignition plunger high-pressure oil chamber 221. It can be understood that the diameter of the small-diameter section of the compression ignition drive plunger 320 should be larger than that of the large-diameter section of the compression ignition plunger 220. Limited by the structure, the reciprocating motion stroke of the compression ignition drive cam 370 driving the compression ignition drive plunger 320 is relatively small. To accommodate different fuel auto-ignition temperatures and ensure reliable auto-ignition of the mixture in the compression ignition pre-chamber 222, it is necessary to increase the compression ratio of the compression ignition pre-chamber 222, and thus it is necessary to increase the stroke of the compression ignition plunger 220. Utilizing the incompressibility of hydraulic oil, the stroke ratio of the compression ignition plunger 220 and the compression ignition drive plunger 320 can be proportionally amplified, and the amplification ratio is the square of the ratio of the diameter of the small-diameter section of the compression ignition drive plunger 320 to the diameter of the large-diameter section of the compression ignition plunger 220.

[0037] The compression ignition drive plunger 320 transmits the up-and-down reciprocating motion to the compression ignition plunger 220 through a hydraulic system. During the transmission process, the hydraulic oil pressures in the compression ignition drive high-pressure oil chamber 321 and the compression ignition plunger high-pressure oil chamber 221 remain the same. After the mixture in the compression ignition pre-chamber 222 is compressed and auto-ignited, the hydraulic oil pressure in the high-pressure oil chamber will increase significantly. The first pressure relief valve 3151 connected to the compression ignition drive high-pressure oil chamber 321 can control the high-pressure oil chamber pressure to prevent structural failure and at the same time control the pressure in the compression ignition pre-chamber 222. Since leakage will inevitably occur between the compression ignition drive plunger 320 and the compression ignition plunger 220, when the compression ignition drive plunger 320 is at the bottom dead center, the pressure in the high-pressure oil chamber of the compression ignition drive plunger 320 may be lower than the target value. The first one-way valve 3131 connected to the compression ignition drive high-pressure oil chamber 321 will introduce external hydraulic oil under the control of the pressure difference to make up for the insufficient pressure in the compression ignition drive high-pressure oil chamber 321.

[0038] Adjust the parameters of the pressure relief valve spring for different fuels to keep the pressure range in the compression ignition pre-chamber 222 at 150 - 350 bar. After the pressure of the first pressure relief valve 3151 is fixed, when the pressure in the compression ignition pre-chamber 222 reaches the target value, even if the compression ignition drive plunger 320 continues to move upward, the compression ignition plunger 220 will no longer move downward, realizing variable compression ratio of the compression ignition pre-chamber 222.

[0039] One flange is provided on the compression ignition drive cam 370 in this embodiment, and one reciprocating motion of the compression ignition drive plunger 320 is achieved when the hydraulic drive camshaft 360 rotates one circle.

[0040] The internal combustion engine adopting pre-chamber ignition in this embodiment requires that the high-temperature and high-pressure mixture in the pre-chamber be injected into the main combustion chamber 100 near the compression top dead center of the internal combustion engine to ignite the mixture in the main combustion chamber 100. Therefore, it is necessary to make the mixture in the pre-chamber catch fire near the compression top dead center of the internal combustion engine. For this reason, there is a certain phase synchronization relationship between the compression ignition drive cam 370 on the hydraulic drive camshaft 360 and the crankshaft.

[0041] Preferably, the phase synchronization requirement between the hydraulic drive camshaft 360 and the crankshaft should be achieved such that within the range of 10 - 50 degrees before the internal combustion engine piston reaches top dead center of compression, the compression drive cam drives the compression drive plunger to reach top dead center.

[0042] More preferably, the hydraulic drive camshaft 360 adopts the variable valve timing technology on the existing internal combustion engine valve camshaft to achieve variable timing control of the compression ignition drive plunger 320 reaching top dead center.

[0043] In this embodiment, the walls of the pre - combustion chamber connection passage 244 and the injection chamber 242 are coated with heat - insulating materials to reduce the heat transfer between the mixture in the compression ignition pre - combustion chamber 222 and the wall and the wall quenching effect; the pre - combustion chamber connection passage 244 and the injection chamber 242 significantly increase the contact area between the mixture in the compression ignition pre - combustion chamber 222 and the wall. The increase in contact leads to an increase in heat transfer and at the same time an increase in the wall quenching effect.

[0044] In this embodiment, the injection valve 260 is filled with a phase - change material inside to strengthen the heat transfer between the valve disc 261 and the valve stem 262 of the injection valve 260. Because the upper surface of the valve disc 261 of the injection valve 260 is heated by the high - temperature mixture in the injection chamber 242, and the lower surface is heated by the high - temperature gas in the main combustion chamber 100, its heat load is relatively large. Filling with a phase - change material inside can transfer the heat of the valve disc 261 through the phase - change process of the phase - change material, similar to the technology of filling sodium inside the exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine.

[0045] Moreover, the diameter of the contact position between the lower edge of the injection hole 2421 and the injection valve 260 is equal to the diameter of the small - diameter section of the injection plunger 240 to eliminate the pressure exerted by the high - pressure gas in the injection chamber 242 on the injection plunger 240; the main forces acting on the combination of the injection plunger 240 and the injection valve 260 include the hydraulic pressures of the high - pressure oil chamber 241 and the low - pressure oil chamber 243 of the injection plunger, the elastic force of the injection plunger spring 250, the contact force of the lower edge of the injection hole 2421 on the injection valve 260, and the high - pressure gas pressure in the injection chamber 242; if the high - pressure gas pressure in the injection chamber 242 on the combination of the injection plunger 240 and the injection valve 260 is not offset, the pressure of the high - pressure gas will have an adverse effect on its reciprocating motion up and down, including abnormal opening and increasing the oil pressure in the high - pressure oil chamber 241 of the injection plunger.

[0046] The injection plunger low - pressure oil chamber 243 is located between the injection plunger high - pressure oil chamber 241 and the injection chamber 242. On the one hand, it collects the hydraulic oil leaked from the high - pressure oil chamber. On the other hand, it prevents the high - pressure gas in the injection chamber 242 from leaking into the high - pressure oil chamber. Another function is to cool the injection plunger 240.

[0047] A throttling device 2134 is provided on the low-pressure oil outlet passage 2132 of the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression-ignition plunger, forcing a part of the hydraulic oil flowing out of the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression-ignition plunger to flow through the low-pressure oil chamber 243 of the injection plunger, strengthening the heat exchange effect between the injection plunger 240 and the rod part of the injection valve 260. A compression-ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber 223 and an injection plunger low-pressure oil chamber 243 are respectively arranged below the compression-ignition plunger 220 and the injection plunger 240. On the one hand, it is used to collect the hydraulic oil leaked from the high-pressure oil chamber 221 of the compression-ignition plunger and the high-pressure oil chamber 241 of the injection plunger and lead it to the outside, reducing the hydraulic pressure exerted by the low-pressure oil chamber; on the other hand, it cools the compression-ignition plunger 220 and the injection plunger 240; the stroke of the injection plunger 240 is small, and the flow of the hydraulic oil in the low-pressure oil chamber 243 of the injection plunger is slow, while the situation of the compression-ignition plunger 220 is opposite.

[0048] A third one-way valve 2131 is arranged at the low-pressure oil inlet 213 of the compression-ignition pre-ignition injection device body 210. On the one hand, a part of the hydraulic oil in the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression-ignition plunger during the downward movement of the compression-ignition plunger 220 is introduced into the low-pressure oil chamber 243 of the injection plunger to prevent backflow through the low-pressure oil inlet 213; on the other hand, external hydraulic oil can be introduced into the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression-ignition plunger and the low-pressure oil chamber 243 of the injection plunger to prevent the formation of a vacuum in the low-pressure oil chamber during the upward movement of the compression-ignition plunger 220 and the injection plunger 240.

[0049] The axial cross-sectional area of the injection driving high-pressure oil chamber 331 in this embodiment is smaller than the axial cross-sectional area of the injection plunger high-pressure oil chamber 241. It can be understood that the diameter of the small-diameter section of the injection driving plunger 330 should be smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter section of the injection plunger 240; due to structural and jet flow limitations, the reciprocating movement stroke of the injection plunger 240 cannot be too large, and it is recommended to be 1 - 3 mm; the stroke of the injection driving plunger 330 driven by the injection driving cam 380 is often greater than 1 - 3 mm, and thus the stroke of the injection plunger 240 needs to be reduced; by using the incompressibility of the hydraulic oil, the stroke ratio of the injection plunger 240 and the injection driving plunger 330 can be proportionally reduced, and the reduction ratio is the square of the ratio of the diameter of the small-diameter section of the injection driving plunger 330 to the diameter of the large-diameter section of the injection plunger 240.

[0050] The injection drive plunger 330 transfers the reciprocating motion up and down to the injection plunger 240 through a hydraulic system. During the transfer process, the hydraulic oil pressures in the injection drive high-pressure oil chamber 331 and the injection plunger high-pressure oil chamber 241 are kept consistent. When the plunger gets stuck or other faults occur, the hydraulic oil pressure in the high-pressure oil chamber will increase significantly. The second pressure relief valve 3181 can release the pressure in the high-pressure oil chamber to prevent structural failure. Since leakage will inevitably occur between the injection drive plunger 330 and the injection plunger 240, when the injection drive plunger 330 is at the bottom dead center, the pressure in the injection drive high-pressure oil chamber 331 may be lower than the target value. The second one-way valve 3161 connected to the injection drive high-pressure oil chamber 331 will introduce external hydraulic oil under the control of the pressure difference to make up for the insufficient pressure in the high-pressure oil chamber of the injection drive plunger 330.

[0051] A flange is provided on the injection drive cam 380. During a complete cycle of the internal combustion engine, the injection plunger 240 reciprocates up and down once to ensure that the communication state between the injection chamber 242 and the main combustion chamber 100 is maintained as required. To reduce the number of components, the injection drive cam 380 and the compression ignition drive cam 370 are rigidly connected to the same hydraulic drive camshaft 360. In some other embodiments, two flanges are provided on the injection drive cam 380. During a complete cycle of the internal combustion engine, the injection plunger 240 reciprocates up and down twice, and in cooperation with the cancellation of the exhaust chamber 2172 and the exhaust passage 2174, direct current scavenging of the compression ignition pre-chamber 222 is achieved.

[0052] An internal combustion engine using pre-chamber ignition requires that the high-temperature and high-pressure mixture in the pre-chamber be injected into the main combustion chamber 100 near the compression top dead center of the internal combustion engine to ignite the mixture in the main combustion chamber 100. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce the high-temperature and high-pressure mixture in the pre-chamber into the main combustion chamber 100 near the compression top dead center of the internal combustion engine. For this reason, there is a certain phase synchronization relationship between the injection drive cam 380 on the hydraulic drive camshaft 360 and the crankshaft.

[0053] In some other embodiments, the phase synchronization requirement between the injection drive cam 380 and the crankshaft should be such that within the range of -10 to 20 degrees before the internal combustion engine piston reaches the compression top dead center, the injection drive cam 380 drives the injection drive plunger 330 to reach the top dead center.

[0054] In some other embodiments, the injection drive cam 380 and the compression ignition drive cam 370 adopt different hydraulic drive camshafts 360, and the phases between them are independent. The variable valve timing technology on the intake and exhaust camshafts of the existing internal combustion engine is used to achieve variable timing control of the injection drive plunger 330 reaching the top dead center.

[0055] The present invention also proposes an operating method, which is applied to a compression ignition pre-ignition system. The internal combustion engine operates in the conventional four-stroke internal combustion engine operating mode not described herein and outputs power externally. Figure 9List a schematic diagram of the strokes of the piston, the compression-ignition drive plunger 320, the injection drive plunger 330, the compression-ignition plunger 220, and the injection plunger 240 in an internal combustion engine cycle for an intuitive explanation of the working principles of the internal combustion engine, the hydraulic drive device 300, and the compression-ignition pre-injection device 200. The operating method includes: Set the internal combustion engine to operate at a preset speed, and the hydraulic drive camshaft 360 rotates at half of the preset speed. Two rotations of the internal combustion engine form a cycle, and the hydraulic drive camshaft 360 rotates one circle within the same time. In the middle and early stages of the compression stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston moves upward, compressing the mixture in the main combustion chamber 100. The compression-ignition drive cam 370 drives the compression-ignition drive plunger 320 upward, and the incompressible hydraulic oil flows into the high-pressure oil chamber 221 of the compression-ignition plunger and pushes the compression-ignition plunger 220 downward. The compression-ignition plunger 220 compresses the mixture in the compression-ignition pre-chamber 222, increasing the pressure and temperature of the mixture. The volume of the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression-ignition plunger becomes smaller. A part of the hydraulic oil in the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression-ignition plunger directly flows into the low-pressure oil outlet passage 2132 through the throttling device 2134, and another part of the hydraulic oil is pressed into the low-pressure oil chamber 243 of the injection plunger and flows into the low-pressure oil outlet passage 2132 through this. At this time, the injection chamber 242 is kept disconnected from the main combustion chamber 100. Initially, the compression-ignition plunger 220 connects the intake chamber 2171, the compression-ignition pre-chamber 222, and the exhaust chamber 2172 to conduct scavenging and gas exchange, and then the compression-ignition plunger 220 separates the three and seals the compression-ignition pre-chamber 222. Near the top dead center in the later stage of the compression stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston continues to move upward and approaches the top dead center. The compression-ignition drive cam 370 drives the compression-ignition drive plunger 320 to reach the top dead center, and the hydraulic oil drives the compression-ignition plunger 220 to reach the bottom dead center. The temperature of the mixture in the compression-ignition pre-chamber 222 reaches the fuel self-ignition temperature and homogeneous compression ignition is achieved. The injection drive cam 380 drives the injection drive plunger 330 to start moving upward, and the incompressible hydraulic oil flows into the high-pressure oil chamber 241 of the injection plunger and pushes the injection plunger 240 downward. The injection valve 260 disengages from the lower edge of the injection hole 2421, and the injection chamber 242 is connected to the main combustion chamber 100. The injection plunger 240 pushes the hydraulic oil in the low-pressure oil chamber 243 of the injection plunger into the low-pressure oil outlet passage 2132. The high-temperature and high-pressure mixture in the compression-ignition pre-chamber 222 is injected into the main combustion chamber 100, and the high-temperature jet mixture ignites the fuel-air mixture in the main combustion chamber 100. In the early stage of the power stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston continues to move downward; the compression ignition drive cam 370 drives the compression ignition drive plunger 320 to stay at the top dead center, and the high-pressure hydraulic oil drives the compression ignition plunger 220 to stay at the bottom dead center; the injection drive cam 380 drives the injection drive plunger 330 to continue moving upward and reach the top dead center, and the injection plunger 240 continues to move downward under the drive of the hydraulic oil and reaches the bottom dead center; after the injection drive plunger 330 stays at the top dead center for a period of time, the injection drive plunger 330 starts to move downward under the drive of the injection drive plunger spring 350; after the injection plunger 240 stays at the bottom dead center for a period of time, the injection drive plunger 330 starts to move downward under the drive of the injection drive plunger spring 350; at this time, the flame in the main combustion chamber 100 gradually spreads to the surrounding area, the pressure and temperature of the mixture in the main combustion chamber 100 both rise, pushing the piston to move toward the bottom dead center and outputting work externally; In the middle and late stages of the power stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston continues to move downward and reaches the bottom dead center; the compression ignition drive plunger spring 340 drives the compression ignition drive plunger 320 to start moving downward, and the compression ignition plunger spring 230 drives the compression ignition plunger 220 to start moving upward; the injection drive plunger 330 continues to move downward under the drive of the injection drive plunger spring 350 and reaches the bottom dead center, and the injection plunger 240 continues to move upward under the drive of the injection plunger spring 250 and reaches the top dead center; the injection plunger 240 drives the injection valve 260 to move upward, causing the injection valve 260 to abut against the lower edge of the injection hole 2421 again, and the injection chamber 242 is disconnected from the main combustion chamber 100 again; at this time, the flame in the main combustion chamber 100 spreads to the entire main combustion chamber 100 through propagation, the pressure and temperature of the mixture in the main combustion chamber 100 both rise, pushing the piston to move toward the bottom dead center and outputting work externally; due to the increase in volume of the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression ignition plunger and the low-pressure oil chamber 243 of the injection plunger, the hydraulic oil pressure decreases, and the external hydraulic oil enters the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression ignition plunger and the low-pressure oil chamber 243 through the third one-way valve 2131 and the low-pressure oil inlet passage 2133; During the exhaust stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, pushing the exhaust gas after combustion in the main combustion chamber 100 out through the exhaust passage; the compression ignition drive plunger spring 340 drives the compression ignition drive plunger 320 to continue moving downward and reach the bottom dead center, and the compression ignition plunger spring 230 drives the compression ignition plunger 220 to continue moving upward and reach the top dead center; when the compression ignition plunger 220 moves upward near the top dead center, it first connects the exhaust chamber 2172 with the compression ignition pre-chamber 222, and the mixture in the pre-chamber quickly enters the exhaust chamber 2172 under the drive of its own pressure to achieve free exhaust; the compression ignition plunger 220 continues to move upward until the top dead center, and the intake chamber 2171, the exhaust chamber 2172 and the compression ignition pre-chamber 222 are interconnected. The fresh fuel-air mixture enters the compression ignition pre-chamber 222 through the intake chamber 2171, squeezing the residual exhaust gas in the compression ignition pre-chamber 222 into the exhaust chamber 2172, and continuous scavenging and ventilation are carried out; the injection drive plunger 330 is held at the bottom dead center under the drive of the injection drive plunger spring 350, and the injection plunger 240 is held at the top dead center under the drive of the injection plunger spring 250. The injection plunger 240 drives the injection valve 260 to abut against the lower edge of the injection hole 2421, and the injection chamber 242 is disconnected from the main combustion chamber 100; During the intake stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, sucking the air in the intake passage into the main combustion chamber 100. In the later stage of the intake stroke, the cam drives the compression ignition drive plunger 320 to start moving upward, and the hydraulic oil enters the high-pressure oil chamber 221 of the compression ignition plunger. The hydraulic oil pushes the compression ignition plunger 220 to start moving downward; during the intake stroke, the injection drive plunger 330 is held at the bottom dead center under the drive of the injection drive plunger spring 350, and the injection plunger 240 is held at the top dead center under the drive of the injection plunger spring 250. The injection plunger 240 drives the injection valve 260 to abut against the lower edge of the injection hole 2421, and the injection chamber 242 is disconnected from the main combustion chamber 100; after the compression ignition plunger 220 moves downward, the volume of the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression ignition plunger decreases, and part of the hydraulic oil in the low-pressure oil chamber 223 of the compression ignition plunger is pressed into the low-pressure oil outlet passage 2132, and another part of the hydraulic oil is pressed into the low-pressure oil chamber 243 of the injection plunger and enters the low-pressure oil outlet passage 2132 through this; after the compression ignition plunger 220 moves downward for a certain distance, the compression ignition plunger 220 first disconnects the intake chamber 2171 from the compression ignition pre-chamber 222; the compression ignition plunger 220 continues to move downward, and a part of the fresh mixture in the compression ignition pre-chamber 222 is pushed out through the exhaust chamber 2172; then the compression ignition plunger 220 disconnects the exhaust chamber 2172 from the compression ignition pre-chamber 222, closing the compression ignition pre-chamber 222.

[0056] After that, the internal combustion engine re-enters the compression stroke, and the internal combustion engine completes a full cycle. The compression ignition driving cam 370 rigidly connected to the hydraulic driving camshaft 360 and the compression ignition driving plunger spring 340 jointly drive the compression ignition driving plunger 320 to complete a full reciprocating motion. The injection driving cam 380 rigidly connected to the hydraulic driving camshaft 360 and the injection driving plunger spring 350 jointly drive the compression ignition driving plunger 320 to complete a full reciprocating motion. Similarly, the hydraulic oil and the compression ignition plunger spring 230 jointly drive the compression ignition plunger 220 to complete a full reciprocating motion, and the hydraulic oil and the injection plunger spring 250 jointly drive the injection plunger 240 to complete a full reciprocating motion. By adopting the variable valve timing technology on the valve camshaft of the existing internal combustion engine for the hydraulic driving camshaft 360, the timing phases of the reciprocating motions of the compression ignition driving plunger 320, the compression ignition plunger 220, the injection driving plunger 330, and the injection plunger 240 can be adjusted as a whole, ensuring that at the moment when the compression ignition plunger 220 reaches the bottom dead center and the injection valve 260 disengages from the lower edge of the injection hole 2421 in the later stage of the compression stroke of the internal combustion engine, the control of the self-ignition moment of the compression ignition pre-chamber 222 and the injection start moment of the injection chamber 242 is achieved.

[0057] In some other embodiments, the exhaust cavity 2172 and the exhaust passage 2174 are cancelled, as Figure 10As shown, it is required that the injection plunger 240 makes two reciprocating motions in one cycle. The first reciprocating motion occurs from the late compression stroke to the exhaust stroke of the internal combustion engine, and the second reciprocating motion is preferably to occur during the intake stroke of the internal combustion engine. During the intake stroke of the internal combustion engine, the injection drive plunger 330 moves upward again under the cam drive of the injection drive plunger 330, and the injection plunger 240 moves downward again under the drive of hydraulic oil. The injection plunger 240 drives the injection valve 260 to disengage from the lower edge of the injection hole 2421, and the injection chamber 242 and the main combustion chamber 100 are reconnected. At this time, the compression ignition plunger 220 is near the top dead center, and the intake chamber 2171 communicates with the compression ignition prechamber 222. Under the pressure difference, the fresh mixture in the intake chamber 2171 flows into the compression ignition prechamber 222, and the residual exhaust gas in the prechamber is squeezed into the main combustion chamber 100 through the injection chamber 242 and the injection hole 2421, realizing more efficient unidirectional scavenging. The requirement that the injection drive plunger 330 and the injection plunger 240 make two reciprocating motions in one cycle requires that the injection drive cam 380 be provided with two flanges. The first flange is required to drive the injection drive plunger 330 to complete a complete reciprocating motion from the late compression stroke to the exhaust stroke of the internal combustion engine, and the second flange is required to drive the injection drive plunger 330 to complete a complete reciprocating motion during the intake stroke of the internal combustion engine. In order to prevent the exhaust gas in the compression ignition prechamber 222 from flowing back into the intake chamber 2171, the flange of the compression ignition drive cam 370 is improved so that the compression ignition drive plunger 320 does not return to the bottom dead center in the late power stroke or the early exhaust stroke, and at the same time the compression ignition plunger 220 remains below the top dead center and disconnects the communication between the intake chamber 2171 and the compression ignition prechamber 222. Once the second flange of the injection drive cam 380 drives the injection drive plunger 330 to start moving upward, the compression ignition drive plunger 320 continues to move downward to the bottom dead center, the compression ignition plunger 220 continues to move upward to the top dead center, and the communication between the intake chamber 2171 and the compression ignition prechamber 222 is maintained.

[0058] The compression ignition prechamber ignition system proposed by the present invention uses a cam mechanism to drive the compression ignition drive plunger 320 to compress hydraulic oil, and utilizes the incompressibility of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system to drive the compression ignition plunger 220 to compress the mixture in the compression ignition prechamber 222. By reasonably designing the plunger size, the stroke of the compression ignition plunger 220 is increased to promote the compression ignition prechamber 222 to achieve a high compression ratio. The present invention also uses a cam mechanism to drive the injection drive plunger 330 to compress hydraulic oil, and uses the hydraulic oil to drive the injection plunger 240 to make reciprocating motions, thereby driving the injection valve 260 to connect or disconnect the communication between the compression ignition prechamber 222 and the main combustion chamber 100, realizing accurate and controllable injection ignition of the main combustion chamber 100 by the compression ignition prechamber 222, and controlling the injection valve 260, the injection plunger 240, and the injection plunger spring 250 for injecting the compression ignition prechamber 222 to be cooled by hydraulic oil, completely avoiding the reliability problems caused by high heat loads.

Claims

1. A compression ignition pre-ignition ignition system, characterized in that: include: An internal combustion engine is provided with at least one cylinder, wherein a piston is provided in the cylinder along an axially sliding sealing sleeve, and the piston and the internal space of the cylinder form a main combustion chamber; A compression ignition pre-ignition injection device is provided with at least one, the compression ignition pre-ignition injection device includes a compression ignition pre-ignition injection device body, a compression ignition plunger, a compression ignition plunger spring, an injection plunger, an injection plunger spring and an injection valve, the compression ignition pre-ignition injection device body is provided with a compression ignition plunger cavity, an injection plunger cavity, an air inlet and an injection hole, the compression ignition plunger is axially slidingly sealed in the compression ignition plunger cavity, the two end surfaces of the compression ignition plunger respectively form a compression ignition plunger high-pressure oil cavity and a compression ignition pre-ignition chamber with the compression ignition plunger cavity, the compression ignition plunger high-pressure oil cavity is provided with a compression ignition plunger high-pressure oil inlet, the compression ignition plunger spring is configured to provide the compression ignition plunger with a reset elastic force to move toward the compression ignition plunger high-pressure oil cavity, and the inner peripheral wall of the compression ignition plunger cavity is provided with an air inlet connected to the air inlet and the compression ignition pre-ignition chamber. The cam is provided with a sealing sleeve which slides axially in the injection plunger hole cavity, and the two end surfaces of the injection plunger respectively form an injection plunger high-pressure oil cavity and an injection cavity with the injection plunger hole cavity, and the injection plunger high-pressure oil cavity is provided with an injection plunger high-pressure oil inlet, and the injection plunger spring is configured to provide the injection plunger with a reset elastic force to move toward the injection plunger high-pressure oil cavity, and the injection hole is located on the extended line of the axis of the injection plunger, one end of the injection hole passes through the injection cavity, and the other end of the injection hole is connected to the main combustion chamber, and the injection valve is connected to the end of the injection plunger away from the injection plunger high-pressure oil cavity, and the injection valve is configured to open and block the injection hole, and at least one pre-combustion chamber connecting channel is connected between the injection cavity and the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber; A hydraulic drive device, comprising a hydraulic drive device body, a compression ignition drive plunger, a jet drive plunger, a compression ignition drive plunger spring, a jet drive plunger spring, at least one hydraulic drive camshaft, a compression ignition drive cam, and a jet drive cam, wherein the compression ignition drive cam and the jet drive cam are fixedly sleeved on the hydraulic drive camshaft, and the hydraulic drive camshaft is driven to rotate by a piston crankshaft or a valve camshaft in the internal combustion engine, the hydraulic drive device body is provided with a compression ignition drive plunger bore, a jet drive plunger bore, a compression ignition drive hydraulic oil outlet, and a jet drive hydraulic oil outlet, the compression ignition drive plunger is axially slidably sealed in the compression ignition drive plunger bore, one end of the compression ignition drive plunger forms a compression ignition drive high-pressure oil chamber with the compression ignition drive plunger bore, and the other end of the compression ignition drive plunger is axially slidably sealed in the compression ignition drive plunger bore The cam of the present invention is in conflict with the dynamic cam, the compression ignition drive high-pressure oil chamber is provided with a compression ignition drive hydraulic oil outlet, the compression ignition drive hydraulic oil outlet is connected to the compression ignition plunger high-pressure oil inlet, the compression ignition drive plunger spring is configured to provide the compression ignition drive plunger with a reset elastic force to move toward the compression ignition drive cam, the jet drive plunger is axially slidingly sealed in the jet drive plunger hole cavity, one end of the jet drive plunger forms a jet drive high-pressure oil chamber with the jet drive plunger hole cavity, the other end of the jet drive plunger is in conflict with the jet drive cam, the jet drive high-pressure oil chamber is provided with a jet drive hydraulic oil outlet, the jet drive hydraulic oil outlet is connected to the jet plunger high-pressure oil chamber, and the jet drive plunger spring is configured to provide the jet drive plunger with a reset elastic force to move toward the jet drive cam.

2. The compression ignition pre-ignition ignition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial cross-sectional area of ​​the compression ignition drive high-pressure oil chamber is greater than the axial cross-sectional area of ​​the compression ignition plunger high-pressure oil chamber; The axial cross-sectional area of ​​the injection drive high-pressure oil chamber is smaller than the axial cross-sectional area of ​​the injection plunger high-pressure oil chamber.

3. The compression ignition pre-ignition ignition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection valve comprises a valve disc and a valve stem connected coaxially, one end of the valve stem is connected to the injection plunger, the other end of the valve stem is connected to the valve disc, and the end surface of the valve disc facing the valve stem abuts against the edge of one end of the injection hole away from the injection chamber; The diameter of the injection hole at the abutment position with the valve disc is equal to the diameter of the small diameter section of the injection plunger; The wall surface of the pre-combustion chamber connecting channel and the injection chamber is coated with a heat insulating material; The interior of the injection valve is filled with a phase change material.

4. The compression ignition pre-ignition ignition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission ratio between the hydraulically driven camshaft and the piston crankshaft of the internal combustion engine is 1:2, or the transmission ratio between the hydraulically driven camshaft and the valve camshaft of the internal combustion engine is 1:

1.

5. The compression ignition pre-ignition ignition system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The compression ignition drive high pressure oil chamber is provided with a compression ignition drive hydraulic oil inlet for delivering hydraulic oil to the compression ignition drive high pressure oil chamber, and the compression ignition drive hydraulic oil inlet is provided with a first one-way valve for flowing from the outside to the compression ignition drive high pressure oil chamber; The jet-driven high-pressure oil chamber is provided with a jet-driven hydraulic oil inlet for conveying hydraulic oil to the jet-driven high-pressure oil chamber, and the jet-driven hydraulic oil inlet is provided with a second one-way valve for flowing from the outside to the jet-driven high-pressure oil chamber.

6. The compression ignition pre-ignition ignition system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The compression ignition drive high pressure oil chamber is provided with a compression ignition drive hydraulic oil drain port, and the compression ignition drive hydraulic oil drain port is provided with a first pressure relief valve; The jet-driven high-pressure oil chamber is provided with a jet-driven hydraulic oil drain port, and the jet-driven hydraulic oil drain port is provided with a second pressure relief valve.

7. The compression ignition pre-ignition ignition system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The compression ignition pre-combustion injection device body is provided with an exhaust port, and the inner peripheral wall of the compression ignition plunger hole cavity is provided with an exhaust cavity connected to the exhaust port and the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber; The exhaust cavity has a size larger than that of the intake cavity along the central axis direction of the compression ignition plunger cavity.

8. The compression ignition pre-ignition ignition system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The compression ignition plunger bore and the injection plunger bore are respectively "T"-shaped stepped hole structures, the "T"-shaped stepped hole structures include a large hole section, a small hole section and a stepped surface, the compression ignition plunger and the injection plunger are respectively "T"-shaped stepped shaft structures, the "T"-shaped stepped shaft structures include a large diameter section, a small diameter section and a stepped surface, the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber is arranged in the small hole section of the compression ignition plunger bore, and the injection chamber is arranged in the small hole section of the injection plunger bore; A compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber is formed between the step surface of the compression ignition plunger, the step surface of the compression ignition plunger bore, and the side wall of the large hole section of the compression ignition plunger bore; A jet plunger low-pressure oil chamber is formed between the step surface of the jet plunger, the step surface of the jet plunger bore, and the side wall of the large hole section of the jet plunger bore; The compression ignition pre-ignition injection device body is provided with a low-pressure oil inlet passage and a low-pressure oil outlet passage. The low-pressure oil inlet passage is respectively connected with the compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber and the injection plunger low-pressure oil chamber. The low-pressure oil inlet passage is provided with a low-pressure oil inlet port configured to deliver low-pressure oil to the compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber and the injection plunger low-pressure oil chamber. The low-pressure oil outlet passage is respectively connected with the compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber and the injection plunger low-pressure oil chamber. The low-pressure oil outlet passage is provided with a low-pressure oil outlet port configured to discharge the low-pressure oil in the compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber and the injection plunger low-pressure oil chamber.

9. The compression ignition pre-ignition ignition system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The low-pressure oil inlet is provided with a third one-way valve, and a throttling device is provided between the low-pressure oil outlet and the compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber.

10. An operating method, characterized in that: Applied to the compression ignition pre-ignition ignition system as claimed in claim 9, the operating method comprises: The internal combustion engine is set to operate at a preset speed, and the hydraulically driven camshaft rotates at half of the preset speed; In the middle and early stages of the compression stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston moves upward, the piston compresses the mixture in the main combustion chamber, the compression ignition drive cam drives the compression ignition drive plunger upward, incompressible hydraulic oil flows into the compression ignition plunger high-pressure oil chamber and pushes the compression ignition plunger downward, the compression ignition plunger compresses the mixture in the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber, the pressure and temperature of the mixture increase, the volume of the compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber becomes smaller, a part of the hydraulic oil in the compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber flows directly into the low-pressure oil outlet passage through the throttling device, and another part of the hydraulic oil is pressed into the injection plunger low-pressure oil chamber and flows into the low-pressure oil outlet passage through it, at this time the injection chamber remains disconnected from the main combustion chamber; initially the compression ignition plunger connects the intake chamber, the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber and the exhaust chamber to each other and performs scavenging and ventilation, and then the compression ignition plunger isolates the three from each other and closes the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber; Near the upper dead center in the late stage of the compression stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston continues to move upward and approaches the upper dead center; the compression ignition drive cam drives the compression ignition drive plunger to reach the upper dead center, and the hydraulic oil drives the compression ignition plunger to reach the lower dead center; the temperature of the mixture in the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber reaches the fuel auto-ignition temperature and realizes homogeneous compression ignition; the injection drive cam drives the injection drive plunger to start moving upward, and the incompressible hydraulic oil flows into the injection plunger high-pressure oil chamber and pushes the injection plunger downward, the injection valve is out of contact with the lower edge of the injection hole, and the injection chamber is connected with the main combustion chamber; the injection plunger moves downward to press the hydraulic oil in the injection plunger low-pressure oil chamber into the low-pressure oil outlet channel; the high-temperature and high-pressure mixture in the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber is injected into the main combustion chamber, and the high-temperature jet mixture ignites the fuel-air mixture in the main combustion chamber; At the early stage of the power stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston continues to move downward; the compression ignition drive cam drives the compression ignition drive plunger to remain at the top dead center, and the high-pressure hydraulic oil drives the compression ignition plunger to remain at the bottom dead center; the injection drive cam drives the injection drive plunger to continue to move upward and reach the top dead center, and the injection plunger continues to move downward under the drive of the hydraulic oil and reaches the bottom dead center; after the injection drive plunger remains at the top dead center for a period of time, the injection drive plunger starts to move downward under the drive of the injection drive plunger spring; after the injection plunger remains at the bottom dead center for a period of time, the injection drive plunger starts to move downward under the drive of the injection drive plunger spring, at this time, the flame in the main combustion chamber is gradually transmitted to the surroundings by propagation, the pressure and temperature of the mixed gas in the main combustion chamber both rise, pushing the piston to move to the bottom dead center and output work to the outside; In the middle and late stages of the power stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston continues to move downward and reaches the bottom dead center; the compression ignition drive plunger spring drives the compression ignition drive plunger to start moving downward, and the compression ignition plunger spring drives the compression ignition plunger to start moving upward; the injection drive plunger continues to move downward and reaches the bottom dead center under the injection drive plunger spring drive, and the injection plunger continues to move upward and reaches the top dead center under the injection plunger spring drive; the injection plunger drives the injection valve upward, so that the injection valve is in contact with the lower edge of the injection hole again, and the injection chamber and the main combustion chamber are disconnected again; at this time, the flame in the main combustion chamber is transmitted to the entire main combustion chamber by propagation, and the pressure and temperature of the mixed gas in the main combustion chamber both rise, pushing the piston to move to the bottom dead center and output work to the outside; the compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber and the injection plunger low-pressure oil chamber have increased volumes, and the hydraulic oil pressure is reduced, and the external hydraulic oil enters the compression ignition plunger low-pressure oil chamber and the injection plunger low-pressure oil chamber through the third one-way valve and the low-pressure oil inlet passage; During the exhaust stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, and the exhaust gas after combustion in the main combustion chamber is pushed out through the exhaust duct; the compression ignition drive plunger spring drives the compression ignition drive plunger to continue to descend and reach the bottom dead center, and the compression ignition plunger spring drives the compression ignition plunger to continue to ascend and reach the top dead center; near the top dead center of the compression ignition plunger's upward movement, the exhaust chamber is first connected with the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber, and the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber quickly enters the exhaust chamber driven by its own pressure to achieve free exhaust; the compression ignition plunger continues to ascend until At the top dead center, the intake chamber, the exhaust chamber and the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber are interconnected, and fresh fuel-air mixture enters the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber through the intake chamber, and the residual exhaust gas in the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber is squeezed into the exhaust chamber, and scavenging and ventilation are continuously performed; the injection drive plunger is driven by the injection drive plunger spring to maintain at the bottom dead center, and the injection plunger is driven by the injection plunger spring to maintain at the top dead center, and the injection plunger drives the injection valve to contact the lower edge of the injection hole, and the injection chamber and the main combustion chamber are disconnected; During the intake stroke of the internal combustion engine, the piston moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, and the air in the intake duct is sucked into the main combustion chamber. In the late intake stroke, the compression ignition drive plunger cam drives the compression ignition drive plunger to start moving upward, and the hydraulic oil enters the compression ignition plunger high-pressure oil chamber, and the hydraulic oil pushes the compression ignition plunger to start moving downward; during the intake stroke, the injection drive plunger is kept at the bottom dead center by the injection drive plunger spring drive, and the injection plunger is kept at the top dead center by the injection plunger spring drive, and the injection plunger drives the injection valve to contact the lower edge of the injection hole, and the injection chamber and the main combustion chamber are disconnected. ; After the compression ignition plunger moves downward, the volume of the low-pressure oil chamber of the compression ignition plunger decreases, and part of the hydraulic oil in the low-pressure oil chamber of the compression ignition plunger is pressed into the low-pressure oil outlet channel, and another part of the hydraulic oil is pressed into the low-pressure oil chamber of the injection plunger and enters the low-pressure oil outlet channel therethrough; after the compression ignition plunger moves downward for a certain distance, the compression ignition plunger first disconnects the intake chamber from the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber; the compression ignition plunger continues to move downward, and a part of the fresh mixture in the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber is pushed out through the exhaust chamber; then the compression ignition plunger disconnects the exhaust chamber from the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber, and closes the compression ignition pre-combustion chamber.

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