Air distribution device of circulating fluidized bed incinerator

Abstract

The invention discloses a circulating fluidized bed incinerator air distribution device which comprises a slag falling hopper, a slag falling pipe and a slag discharging valve are arranged at the bottom of the slag falling hopper, large non-fluidization objects such as metal, glass and stone entering the circulating fluidized bed incinerator and slag formed in the incineration process fall into the slag falling hopper, and the slag discharging speed of the slag falling pipe is controlled to control the slag discharging speed of the slag falling pipe. Bulk non-fluidization substances such as metal, glass and stones in the slag falling hopper are mixed with slag and discharged out of a hearth to enter subsequent slag cooling equipment. Compared with the prior art, the slag discharging pipe of the circulating fluidized bed incinerator is changed into the slag falling hopper, the slag falling pipe and the slag discharging valve, large non-fluidization objects such as metal, glass and stones in the circulating fluidized bed incinerator can smoothly fall into the slag falling hopper and cannot be accumulated on the air distribution plate, and the annual usable hours of the circulating fluidized bed incinerator can be effectively increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and relates to a wind distribution device for a circulating fluidized bed incinerator. Background Art

[0002] Circulating fluidized bed incinerators have the characteristics of wide fuel adaptability, low pollutant control cost, and low total investment. With the improvement of environmental protection requirements, the emission standards of incinerators are becoming more and more strict, and the advantage of low pollutant control cost of circulating fluidized bed incinerators will become more and more obvious. However, domestic waste and industrial solid waste generally contain non-fluid substances such as glass and metal, which affect the slag discharge and fluidization of the circulating fluidized bed incinerator. Seriously, it will cause the incinerator to stop frequently, reducing the annual available hours of the incinerator. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wind distribution device for a circulating fluidized bed incinerator, which can effectively discharge non-fluid substances such as glass and metal in the circulating fluidized bed incinerator, improve the stability of the fluidized bed incinerator while ensuring the incineration effect of the circulating fluidized bed, and extend the annual available hours of the circulating fluidized bed incinerator.

[0004] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: The wind distribution device for a circulating fluidized bed incinerator includes wind caps, a wind distribution air box, a water-cooled air chamber, a wind duct, a slag hopper, a slag discharge pipe, a furnace water-cooled wall, a slag discharge valve, a slag hopper transition section, a furnace, and a water-cooled wall of the air chamber; the wind caps are welded at the openings on the top plate of the wind distribution air box, and the wind distribution air box is supported on the conical slag hopper; three slag hoppers are arranged in the furnace, the bottom of the slag hopper is welded to the circular slag discharge pipe, the lower part of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge valve, the boundary of the slag hopper is welded to the furnace water-cooled wall, and the adjacent slag hoppers are welded together by the slag hopper transition section. The slag hopper transition section is welded into an arc shape by steel plates.

[0005] Furthermore, the wind duct and the wind distribution air box are welded by steel plates, the water-cooled air chamber is welded by the water-cooled wall of the air chamber, the furnace is welded by the furnace water-cooled wall, and the wind caps are forged.

[0006] Furthermore, the slag hopper is conical, and the included angle a between the wall surface of the slag hopper and the horizontal plane is not less than 65°.

[0007] Working Principle: During the incineration process of the circulating fluidized bed incinerator, the hot air flows through the wind duct, the water-cooled air chamber, and the wind distribution air box in sequence, and then the hot air enters the furnace through the wind caps; large non-fluid substances such as metal, glass, and stones in the fuel can directly fall into the slag hopper without participating in fluidization after entering the furnace and are mixed with the furnace slag, and finally are sent to the external slag cooling equipment through the slag discharge valve. The number of wind caps is obtained by calculating the furnace area.

[0008] Advantages of the Present Invention: 1) The slag discharge pipe of the circulating fluidized bed incinerator is changed into three parts: a slag hopper, a slag discharge pipe, and a slag discharge valve; 2) Large non-fluidizable substances such as metals, glass, and stones in the circulating fluidized bed incinerator can smoothly fall into the slag hopper and will not accumulate on the air distribution plate; 3) The slag, metals, glass, and stones in the slag hopper do not participate in the fluidization of the furnace chamber. Description of the Drawings

[0009] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 the A-A cross-sectional view of

[0011] Figure 3 It is Figure 1 the B-B cross-sectional view of

[0012] In the figure: 1 air cap, 2 air distribution air box, 3 water-cooled air chamber, 4 air duct, 5 air duct flange, 6 slag hopper, 7 slag discharge pipe, 8 slag discharge pipe flange, 9 furnace water-cooled wall, 10 slag discharge valve, 11 slag hopper transition section, 12 furnace chamber, 13 water-cooled wall of the air chamber. Detailed Embodiment

[0013] The following is further described in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0014] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown: The air distribution device of the circulating fluidized bed incinerator includes an air duct flange 5, an air duct 4, a water-cooled air chamber 3, an air distribution air box 2, and an air cap 1. The hot air flows through the air duct 4, the water-cooled air chamber 3, and the air distribution air box 2 in sequence, and then the hot air enters the furnace chamber 12 through the air cap 1. Among them, the air duct 4 and the air distribution air box 2 are welded by steel plates. The air duct flange 5 is mainly convenient for connecting with the hot air duct outside this device. The water-cooled air chamber 3 is welded by the water-cooled wall 13 of the air chamber. The furnace chamber 12 is welded by the furnace water-cooled wall 9. The air cap 1 is forged. The number of air caps 1 is obtained by calculating according to the area of the furnace chamber 12. The air distribution air box 2 is supported on the conical slag hopper 6, and the top plate of the air distribution air box 2 is perforated at an interval of 160mm×160mm. The air cap 1 is welded at the perforation of the top plate of the air distribution air box 2. Three slag hoppers 6 are arranged in the furnace chamber 12. The slag hopper 6 is conical, and the angle a between the wall surface of the slag hopper 6 and the horizontal plane is not less than 65°. The bottom of the slag hopper 6 is welded to the circular slag discharge pipe 7. A slag discharge pipe flange 8 is provided at the lower part of the slag discharge pipe 7. The slag discharge valve 10 is connected to the slag discharge pipe flange 8 by bolts. The adjacent slag hoppers 6 are welded together by the slag hopper transition section 11. The slag hopper transition section 11 is an arc welded by steel plates. The boundary of the slag hopper 6 is welded to the furnace water-cooled wall 9, thus ensuring the sealing performance of the entire furnace chamber 12.

[0015] Working process: Figure 1 As shown, high-temperature hot air enters the water-cooled air chamber 3 through the air duct 4. The water-cooled air chamber 3 is directly connected to the air distribution box 2. The high-temperature hot air enters the furnace 12 through the air distribution box 2 and the air caps 1. The high-temperature hot air can assist in burning the incinerated materials in the furnace 12 and can also make the inside of the furnace 12 in a fluidized state. The slag formed after the incinerated materials are burned in the furnace 12 falls into the slag hopper 6. During the incineration process, large non-fluidized substances such as metals, glass, and stones in the fuel also fall into the slag hopper 6. By controlling the slag discharge valve 10 on the slag discharge pipe 7, the slag and large non-fluidized substances can be evenly moved from the slag hopper 6 to the slag discharge pipe 7. Finally, the slag is discharged to the slag cooling equipment outside the incinerator through the slag discharge valve 10. There is cooling water inside the furnace water wall 9 and the air chamber water wall 13. The cooling water inside the furnace water wall 9 can absorb the heat of the furnace and can also prevent the furnace water wall 9 from being damaged due to excessive temperature. The water inside the air chamber water wall 13 can reduce the temperature of the air chamber and can also prevent the air chamber water wall 13 and the air distribution box 2 from being damaged due to excessive temperature.

Claims

1. The circulating fluidized bed incinerator air distribution device is characterized by: It includes a hood, an air distribution bellows, a water-cooled air chamber, an air duct, a slag hopper, a slag hopper pipe, a furnace water-cooled wall, a slag discharge valve, a slag hopper transition section, a furnace, and an air chamber water-cooled wall; the hood is welded to the opening on the top plate of the air distribution bellows, and the air distribution bellows is supported on a conical slag hopper; three slag hoppers are arranged in the furnace, the bottom of the slag hopper is welded to the circular slag hopper pipe, the lower part of the slag hopper pipe is connected to the slag discharge valve, the boundary of the slag hopper is welded to the furnace water-cooled wall, and adjacent slag hoppers are welded together by a slag hopper transition section, and the slag hopper transition section is welded into an arc shape by steel plates.

2. The circulating fluidized bed incinerator air distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air duct and air distribution bellows are welded from steel plates, the water-cooled air chamber is welded from the air chamber water-cooled wall, the furnace is welded from the furnace water-cooled wall, and the hood is forged.

3. The circulating fluidized bed incinerator air distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag bucket is cone-shaped, and the angle a between the wall of the slag bucket and the horizontal plane is not less than 65°.

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