Underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking sequential interval control detonation method

Abstract

The invention provides an underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking sequential interval control detonating method, the underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking detonating method comprises a one-time simultaneous detonating method, a row-by-row detonating method, an inter-row partition sequential detonating method and a hole-by-hole detonating method, an electric ignition device is provided with an electric ignition head and an electric ignition wire, and an underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking pipe network system is assembled. The rock breaking function of liquid oxygen is brought into full play through scientific and reasonable setting of the detonating sequence and interval time, useless work of liquid oxygen rock breaking is reduced, generation and strength of harmful effects are reduced, the detonating sequence, network arrangement and detonating method commonly used for underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and reef blasting at present are covered, the application range is wide, operation is easy and reliable, the rock breaking effect is good, and the method is suitable for popularization and application. And safety, high efficiency, environment friendliness and economy of the underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking technology are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking, and particularly to a detonation method for sequential interval control of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking. Background Art

[0002] With the wide application of engineering technologies, underwater blasting is an important part of engineering blasting. In the construction of national economic development and national defense projects, underwater blasting is widely used in engineering construction fields such as port and wharf construction, shipyard construction, waterway dredging, water conservancy and hydropower, road and bridge, and underwater pipeline laying. The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and reef blasting. Liquid oxygen rock breaking (or air energy expansion cracking) is a rock breaking operation in which a special liquid oxygen rock breaking roll paper, or a biomass fuel core body made of combustible material raw materials such as straw powder, wood powder, and carbon powder in a certain proportion, is loaded into a cracker. At the same time, the cracker is also equipped with a liquid injection pipe, an exhaust pipe, and an electric ignition device. Then, according to the design, drilling is completed on the target underwater reef body, and the assembled cracker is pushed into the blast hole to a certain position and blocked. After being detonated by power supply, the combustible material near the ignition head in the blast hole cracker is quickly ignited by the heat source of the ignition head under instantaneous excitation, and the combustion range rapidly expands. At the same time, the surrounding liquid oxygen quickly vaporizes when heated, and the volume expands sharply. Instantaneously, a relatively large quasi-static pressure can be formed in the blast hole, causing the rock to crack and move. Compared with traditional explosive blasting, underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking has lower blasting vibration and underwater shock wave intensity, and a smaller influence range; there are fewer toxic and harmful products generated by blasting, and less harm to aquatic organisms. It is a truly green, environmentally friendly, efficient, and safe underwater rock breaking and reef blasting construction technology.

[0003] Currently, compared with general explosive detonator blasting, although both can break rock masses, there are essential differences between underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and general explosive detonator blasting. The explosive blasting process is a chemical change, and the detonation action time is extremely short. Liquid oxygen rock breaking is a combination of liquid oxygen vaporization and combustible material explosion, which is a physical change plus a chemical change, and the combustion and explosion action time is slightly longer than that of explosive blasting; the explosive detonation velocity is high, the brisance is high, and the power is large, while the combustion and explosion velocity of liquid oxygen rock breaking is low, the brisance is low, and the power is small. The destruction of rock by liquid oxygen rock breaking mainly depends on the expansion action of gas.

[0004] Therefore, the blast hole layout form for underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and reef blasting should preferably adopt a plum blossom shape. If the environmental conditions permit, it is best not to initiate detonation in sections (areas). If detonation is initiated in sections, the delay time between adjacent blast holes should not be too long. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a detonation method for sequential interval control of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking. In view of the characteristics of liquid oxygen rock breaking, methods such as one-time simultaneous detonation, row-by-row detonation, sequential detonation in sections and zones between rows, and hole-by-hole detonation are adopted to improve the effect of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a detonation method for underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking with sequential interval control. The underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking detonation includes single-shot simultaneous detonation, row-by-row detonation, sequential detonation with row-by-row zoning, and hole-by-hole detonation. The detonation methods for their sequential interval control are as follows:

[0007] (1) The single-shot simultaneous detonation: All the blast holes for a single underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking operation are networked and detonated simultaneously in one shot.

[0008] (2) The row-by-row detonation: The row-by-row detonation means that, with a free face as the first row according to the blast hole layout, each row is sequentially detonated according to the designed detonation time difference for underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking.

[0009] (3) The sequential detonation with row-by-row zoning: One row of blast holes is divided into several zones, and the zones are detonated sequentially with a time delay.

[0010] (4) The hole-by-hole detonation: In the blast area, the blast holes in the same row are detonated successively from the detonation point according to the designed delay time. At the same time, the blast holes between rows in the blast area are detonated successively to the rear rows according to another delay time, so that the detonation times of adjacent blast holes in the blast area are staggered.

[0011] A further solution is that the detonation delay settings for underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking are as follows:

[0012] (1) For the single-shot simultaneous detonation, the delay time is 0 ms.

[0013] (2) For the row-by-row detonation, the delay interval time is controlled within 10 - 20 ms.

[0014] (3) For the sequential detonation with row-by-row zoning, the delay interval time is controlled within 10 - 15 ms.

[0015] (4) For the hole-by-hole detonation, the delay interval time is controlled within 5 - 10 ms.

[0016] A further solution is that the single-shot simultaneous detonation is provided with a single-shot simultaneous detonator. At least 2 electric igniters are arranged in each blast hole cracker. After being connected in parallel in the hole, they are then connected in series with adjacent holes. All the blast holes for a single operation are connected in series to form an electric detonation network.

[0017] A further solution is that the single-shot simultaneous detonator includes a high-energy pulse detonator and a segmented high-energy detonator.

[0018] A further solution is that the row-by-row detonation is provided with a row-by-row detonator, and at least 2 electric igniters are arranged in each blast hole cracker. After being connected in parallel in the hole, they are then connected in series with adjacent holes. And all the blast holes in each row are connected in series to form an electric detonation network.

[0019] A further solution is that the row-by-row detonator is a segmented high-energy detonator.

[0020] A further solution is that for the sequential initiation of rows with partitioned sections, a detonator for sequential initiation of rows with partitioned sections is provided. At least two electric igniters are arranged in the cracker of each blast hole. After being connected in parallel in the hole, they are then connected in series with adjacent holes. After all the blast holes in each partition are connected in series, an electric detonation network is formed.

[0021] A further solution is that for the hole-by-hole initiation, a hole-by-hole initiator is provided. A set of electronic control modules is arranged in the cracker of each blast hole to control two electric igniters. After all the electronic control modules of the blast holes are connected in parallel, an electronic control detonation network is formed.

[0022] A further solution is that the hole-by-hole initiator is a handheld electronic detonator.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In view of the characteristics of liquid oxygen gas explosion, the methods of single-shot simultaneous initiation, row-by-row initiation, sequential initiation of rows with partitioned sections, and hole-by-hole initiation are adopted to improve the effect of underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking blasting for reefs. The advantages and disadvantages are as follows:

[0024] 1. For the single-shot simultaneous initiation of the present invention, all the blast holes for a single underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking operation are networked and simultaneously initiated. The construction networking for single-shot simultaneous initiation is relatively simple, and the effect of underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking and reef blasting is good.

[0025] 2. The row-by-row initiation of the present invention is carried out with a free face as the first row according to the blast hole layout, and the blasts of each row are sequentially carried out according to the designed initiation time difference for underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking. The construction networking for row-by-row initiation is relatively simple, and the effect of underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking and reef blasting is relatively good.

[0026] 3. For the sequential initiation of rows with partitioned sections of the present invention, a row of blast holes is divided into several sections, and the sections are sequentially initiated with a time delay. The effect of underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking and reef blasting is relatively good, and the intensity of the underwater shock wave formed by liquid oxygen gas explosion is relatively small, and the intensity of blasting vibration is relatively small.

[0027] 4. For the hole-by-hole initiation method of the present invention, the blast holes in the same row in the blast area are sequentially initiated from the initiation point according to the designed delay time. At the same time, the blast holes between rows in the blast area are sequentially transmitted to the rear rows according to another delay time, so that the initiation times of adjacent blast holes in the blast area are staggered, and the control effect of the blasting time is good. The intensity of the underwater shock wave formed by liquid oxygen rock-breaking by the hole-by-hole initiation method is relatively small, and the intensity of blasting vibration is relatively small.

[0028] The above underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking initiation method has been tested under multiple underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking scenarios. The assembled underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking pipe network system, through the scientific and reasonable setting of the initiation sequence and interval time, gives full play to the rock-breaking function of liquid oxygen, reduces the useless work of liquid oxygen rock-breaking, and reduces the generation and intensity of harmful effects. The present invention covers the common initiation sequences, network settings, and initiation methods for underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking and reef blasting at present, has a wide range of applications, is simple and reliable in operation, has good rock-breaking effects, is safe and efficient, and is very worthy of popularization and application in the underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking industry. Compared with traditional explosive blasting, the underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking method of the present invention has low blasting vibration and underwater shock wave intensity and a small influence range; there are few toxic and harmful blasting products, and it has little harmful effect on aquatic organisms. It is a green, environmentally friendly, efficient, and safe underwater reef blasting and rock-breaking construction technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the initiation method of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the row-by-row initiation method of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the row-by-row partition initiation method of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the hole-by-hole initiation method of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] REFERENCE MARKS

[0034] 1) The numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are the initiation sequences (segments);

[0035] 2) The arrow indicates the initiation direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0036] In order to more fully understand the technical content of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further introduced and described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but not limited thereto.

[0037] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, in the specific embodiment of the present invention, the underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking initiation method with sequential interval control of the present invention includes one-time simultaneous initiation, row-by-row initiation, row-by-row partition sequential initiation, and hole-by-hole initiation. The initiation methods with sequential interval control are as follows respectively;

[0038] (1) One-time simultaneous initiation: All the blast holes for one-time underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking operations are networked and simultaneously initiated at one time;

[0039] (2) Row-by-row detonation: Row-by-row detonation means that the rows are detonated sequentially according to the detonation time difference designed for underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking, with one free face facing the air as the first row according to the arrangement of blastholes;

[0040] (3) Sequential detonation between rows and zones: a row of blastholes is divided into several zones, and the zones are detonated sequentially with delayed delay;

[0041] (4) Detonation hole by hole: The blast holes in the same row in the blasting area are detonated from the detonation point in sequence according to the designed delay time. At the same time, the blast holes between rows in the blasting area are detonated in sequence to the rear row according to another delay time, so that the detonation time of adjacent blast holes in the blasting area is staggered.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 4 , marked in the figure

[0043] 1) The numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 in the figure are the detonation sequence (stages);

[0044] 2) The → in the figure indicates the detonation direction.

[0045] Furthermore, the delay setting time of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking reef blasting is as follows:

[0046] (1) A single simultaneous detonation with a delay time of 0 ms;

[0047] (2) Detonate row by row, with the delay interval controlled within 10 to 20 ms;

[0048] (3) Detonation is carried out sequentially between rows and zones, with the delay interval controlled within 10 to 15 ms;

[0049] (4) Detonate hole by hole, with the delay interval controlled at 5 to 10 ms.

[0050] Furthermore, a simultaneous detonation is provided with a simultaneous detonator, and at least two electric ignition heads are arranged in each blasthole fracturing device, which are connected in parallel in the hole and then in series with the adjacent holes. All the blastholes in one operation are connected in series to form an electric detonation network.

[0051] Furthermore, the one-shot detonator includes a high-energy pulse detonator and a segmented high-energy detonator.

[0052] Furthermore, row-by-row detonators are provided for detonation, and at least two electric ignition heads are provided in the fracturing device of each blast hole, which are connected in parallel in the hole and then in series with the adjacent holes, and all the blast holes in each row are connected in series to form an electric detonation network.

[0053] Furthermore, the row-by-row initiators are segmented high-energy initiators.

[0054] Furthermore, for the sequential interval control of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking by detonating in sequence between rows, a detonator for sequential interval control between rows is provided. In the cracker of each blast hole, at least two electric igniters are arranged. After being connected in parallel in the hole, they are then connected in series with adjacent holes. After all the blast holes in each partition are connected in series, an electric detonation network is formed.

[0055] Furthermore, for hole-by-hole detonation, a hole-by-hole detonator is provided. In the cracker of each blast hole, a set of electronic control modules is arranged to control two electric igniters. After all the electronic control modules of all the blast holes are connected in parallel, an electronic control detonation network is formed.

[0056] Furthermore, the hole-by-hole detonator is a handheld electronic detonator.

[0057] The basic requirements for the materials, the detonation sequence, characteristics and applications of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and reef blasting with sequential interval control in the present invention are as follows:

[0058] (1) One-time simultaneous detonation: All the blast holes for one-time underwater liquid oxygen gas explosion operation are networked and detonated simultaneously at one time.

[0059] Characteristics: The construction is simple, and the effect of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and reef blasting is good. It is the most basic and commonly used detonation sequence form for underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and reef blasting. However, when liquid oxygen breaks rocks, the intensity of the underwater shock wave formed is large, and the peak value of blasting vibration is high. It is not suitable to be used when the on-site environment of liquid oxygen rock breaking is complex.

[0060] (2) Sequential row-by-row detonation: Sequential row-by-row detonation means that, with a free face as the first row according to the blast hole layout, each row is detonated in sequence according to the designed detonation time difference for underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking.

[0061] Characteristics: The construction is relatively simple, and the effect of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and reef blasting is good. It is also the most basic and commonly used detonation sequence form for underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and reef blasting. However, the intensity of the underwater shock wave formed by liquid oxygen rock breaking is relatively large, and the blasting vibration value is relatively high. It is not suitable to be used when the on-site environment of liquid oxygen rock breaking is particularly complex.

[0062] (3) Sequential interval control between rows: One row of blast holes is divided into several partitions, and the partitions are detonated sequentially with a time delay.

[0063] Characteristics: The effect of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and reef blasting is relatively good. However, the construction is relatively complex, more wires are consumed, the intensity of the underwater shock wave formed by liquid oxygen gas explosion is small, and the blasting vibration value is low. It is only used in areas where the on-site environment of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking is complex and strict control requirements are imposed on the intensity of the underwater shock wave and blasting vibration.

[0064] (4) Hole-by-hole detonation: The blast holes in the same row in the blast area are detonated in sequence from the detonation point according to the designed delay time. At the same time, the blast holes between rows in the blast area are detonated sequentially to the rear rows according to another delay time, so that the detonation time of adjacent blast holes in the blast area is staggered.

[0065] Features: The first detonated blast holes create a free face for the subsequent detonated blast holes, enhancing rock fragmentation. The equivalent charge for simultaneous detonation in the same section is small. The underwater shock wave formed by liquid oxygen rock breaking has the lowest intensity, and the blasting vibration value is the lowest. However, the cost of liquid oxygen rock breaking is high. It is only used in areas where the on-site environment of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking is extremely complex and strict requirements are imposed on the control of the intensity of underwater shock waves and blasting vibrations.

[0066] After being tested under multiple underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking scenarios, the detonation method of the present invention covers the commonly used detonation sequences, network settings, and detonation methods for underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and reef blasting. It has a wide range of applications, simple and reliable operation, good gas explosion effects, and is safe, efficient, and highly worthy of popularization and application in the underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking industry.

[0067] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In view of the characteristics of liquid oxygen rock breaking, methods such as one-time simultaneous detonation, row-by-row detonation, sequential detonation in sections between rows, and hole-by-hole detonation are adopted to improve the effect of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and reef blasting. The advantages and disadvantages are as follows:

[0068] 1. The one-time simultaneous detonation described in the present invention means that all blast holes for one-time underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking operation are networked and detonated simultaneously. The construction networking for one-time simultaneous detonation is relatively simple, and the effect of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and reef blasting is good. The disadvantage is that the blasting vibration value formed by liquid oxygen rock breaking is large, and the intensity of the underwater shock wave is large.

[0069] 2. The row-by-row detonation of the present invention takes a free face as the first row according to the blast hole layout, and each row is detonated sequentially according to the designed detonation time difference for underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking. The construction networking for row-by-row detonation is relatively simple, and the effect of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and reef blasting is relatively good. The disadvantage is that the blasting vibration value formed by liquid oxygen rock breaking is relatively large, and the intensity of the underwater shock wave is relatively large.

[0070] 3. The sequential detonation method in sections between rows of the present invention divides a row of blast holes into several sections and detonates them sequentially with time delays. The effect of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking and reef blasting is relatively good, and the intensity of the underwater shock wave and the intensity of blasting vibration formed by liquid oxygen gas explosion are relatively small. The disadvantage is that the construction networking operation is relatively complex and requires more wires.

[0071] 4. In the hole-by-hole detonation method of the present invention, the blast holes in the same row within the blast area are detonated sequentially from the detonation point according to the designed delay time. At the same time, the blast holes between rows in the blast area are detonated sequentially to the subsequent rows according to another delay time, so that the detonation times of adjacent blast holes in the blast area are staggered, and the control effect of the blasting time is good. The intensity of the underwater shock wave and the intensity of blasting vibration formed by liquid oxygen rock breaking in the hole-by-hole detonation method are relatively small. The disadvantage is that the equipment cost is relatively high, and the rock breaking effect is average.

[0072] The above-mentioned underwater liquid oxygen gas explosion initiation method has been tested under multiple underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking scenarios. For the assembled underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking pipe network system, by setting a scientific and reasonable initiation sequence and interval time, the rock-breaking function of liquid oxygen is fully exerted, the useless work of liquid oxygen rock-breaking is reduced, and the generation and intensity of harmful effects are reduced. The present invention covers the common initiation sequences, network settings and initiation methods for underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking and reef blasting at present, has a wide application range, is simple and reliable to operate, has good gas explosion effect, is safe and efficient, and is very worthy of popularization and application in the underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking industry. Compared with the traditional explosive blasting, the underwater liquid oxygen rock-breaking method of the present invention has low blasting vibration and underwater shock wave intensity and a small influence range; there are few toxic and harmful products generated by rock-breaking, and the harm to aquatic organisms is small, which is a green, environmental-friendly, efficient and safe underwater rock-breaking and reef blasting construction technology.

[0073] The above is only the preferred embodiment of this patent and does not limit the scope of this patent. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall fall within the protection scope of this patent.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the sequential interval of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking blasting, characterized in that: Underwater liquid oxygen explosion initiation includes all-in-one detonation, row-by-row detonation, row-by-row partitioned sequential detonation and hole-by-hole detonation. The detonation methods of detonation sequence interval control are as follows: (1) The aforementioned simultaneous detonation: all blastholes of an underwater liquid oxygen blasting operation are networked and detonated simultaneously; (2) Detonation in row: Detonation in row means that the rows are blasted in sequence according to the detonation time difference designed for underwater liquid oxygen explosion, with one free surface facing the air as the first row according to the arrangement of blastholes; (3) Detonation in order between rows and zones: a row of blastholes is divided into several zones, and the zones are detonated sequentially with delayed delay; (4) Detonation of each blast hole: The blast holes in the same row in the blasting area are detonated sequentially from the detonation point according to the designed delay time. At the same time, the blast holes between rows in the blasting area are detonated sequentially to the rear row according to another delay time, so that the detonation times of adjacent blast holes in the blasting area are staggered.

2. The method for controlling the sequential interval of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The delay setting time of the underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking reef blasting is as follows: (1) The delay time of the simultaneous detonation is 0 ms; (2) The delay interval of the row-by-row detonation is controlled within 10 to 20 ms; (3) The row-by-row detonation is carried out in a sequential manner, and the delay interval is controlled within 10 to 15 ms; (4) Detonate hole by hole, with the delay interval controlled at 5 to 10 ms.

3. The method for controlling the sequential interval of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simultaneous detonation is provided with a simultaneous detonator, and at least two electric ignition heads are arranged in each blasthole splitter, which are connected in parallel in the hole and then in series with the adjacent holes. All the blastholes in one operation are connected in series to form an electric detonation network.

4. The method for controlling the sequential interval of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The one-shot detonator includes a high-energy pulse detonator and a segmented high-energy detonator.

5. The method for controlling the sequential interval of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The row-by-row detonation is provided with row-by-row detonators, and at least two electric ignition heads are arranged in the fracturing device of each blast hole, which are connected in parallel in the hole and then in series with the adjacent holes, and all the blast holes in each row are connected in series to form an electric detonation network.

6. The method for controlling the sequential interval of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking according to claim 5, characterized in that: The row-by-row initiators are segmented high-energy initiators.

7. The method for controlling the sequential interval of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inter-row partitioned sequential detonation is provided with an inter-row partitioned detonator, wherein at least two electric ignition heads are arranged in the fracturing device of each blast hole, which are connected in parallel in the hole and then in series with the adjacent holes. All blast holes in each partition are connected in series to form an electric detonation network.

8. The method for controlling the sequential interval of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole-by-hole detonation is provided with a hole-by-hole detonator, and a group of electronic control modules are provided in the cracker of each blasthole to control two electric ignition heads. The electronic control modules of all blastholes are connected in parallel to form an electronic control detonation network.

9. The method for controlling the sequential interval of underwater liquid oxygen rock breaking according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hole-by-hole detonator is a handheld electronic detonator.

Images