Assembly shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of shield system simulation testing, and in particular to a device and method for testing non-uniform buoyancy loading on pre-assembled shield segments. The present invention provides a device and method for testing non-uniform buoyancy loading on assembled shield segments, which solves the problems in the prior art of being unable to simulate non-uniform buoyancy loading and the complex and costly operation of replacing the loading system. The device simulates the non-uniform buoyancy loading on the unset zone caused by the lining effect during construction, and can be used for testing segments of different specifications. The device comprises a plurality of arc-shaped force transmission devices and a loading device; the arc-shaped force transmission device comprises a loading box, the top of which is open and equipped with an arc-shaped plate with an adjustable curvature, the side wall of which is provided with a filling port, the filling port being connected to a filling box, and the bottom of the loading box is provided with a discharge port; the loading device comprises a guide rail and a plurality of jacks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield system simulation tests, and in particular to a device and method for testing non-uniform buoyancy loading of pre-assembled shield segments. Background Art

[0002] Shield tunneling has gradually become the mainstream technology for tunnel construction due to its high degree of mechanization, high quality, minimal impact on urban life, and minimal environmental impact. Existing shield tunnels often experience buoyancy during construction due to synchronous grouting at the shield tail. This buoyancy is driven by buoyancy forces, which can lead to ring misalignment and longitudinal deformation of the lining structure.

[0003] To mitigate or avoid structural damage caused by segmental buoyancy, thereby reducing tunnel operation and maintenance costs and quality risks, experts and scholars in related fields have for years employed convenient and precise model tests to investigate the buoyancy patterns of shield tail segments. However, current research on tunnel model tests also presents numerous challenges. For example, during simulation tests, the entire loading system, comprised of jacks, is often used to load the shield segments, simulating a uniform buoyancy. However, in reality, the buoyancy between individual rings of the segment varies, distorting the simulation results and rendering them ineffective in guiding actual engineering projects. When replacing segments of different sizes, the loading system must be reassembled, requiring numerous jacks, resulting in cumbersome operations and increased testing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a device and method for testing non-uniform buoyancy loading of assembled shield segments, which solve the problems in the prior art of being unable to simulate non-uniform buoyancy loading and the complex and costly operation of replacing the loading system. It simulates the non-uniform buoyancy loading of the unsetting area caused by the lining effect during the construction period, and can be used for testing segments of different specifications.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device, comprising a plurality of arc-shaped force transmission devices and a loading device;

[0007] The arc-shaped force transmission device includes a loading box, the top of which is open and equipped with an arc-shaped plate with an adjustable curvature, a side wall of which is provided with a filling port, the filling port being connected to a filling box, and a bottom of which is provided with a discharge port;

[0008] The loading device includes a guide rail and a plurality of jacks. The jacks are connected to a servo hydraulic system. The bottom of the jack is slidably connected to the guide rail via a slider, and the top of the jack is correspondingly connected to the bottom of the loading box.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the guide rail is connected to a reaction frame via positioning bolts, and four universal wheels are installed at the bottom of the reaction frame via bolts;

[0010] The bottom of the same loading box is correspondingly connected to two jacks distributed on the left and right.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the arc-shaped plate is connected to a plurality of adjustment rods along the arc direction;

[0012] The lower end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the loading box via an external nut.

[0013] Furthermore, the injection material of the loading box is sand or soil.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of the arc-shaped force transmission devices is 4-10.

[0015] Furthermore, a ball bearing is provided between the slider and the guide rail.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper end of the adjusting rod is connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped plate in a welding or hinged manner.

[0017] A method for testing the non-uniform buoyancy loading of assembled shield segments is provided, wherein the loading test is performed using the non-uniform buoyancy loading test device for assembled shield segments according to the present invention, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0018] S01: Assemble the slider on the guide rail;

[0019] S02: Connecting the bottom ends of the jacks of the loading device to the slider;

[0020] S03: Connecting the loading boxes of the arc-shaped force transmission devices to the top of the jacks accordingly;

[0021] S04: Move each arc-shaped force transmission device under the model segment;

[0022] S05: Adjust the curvature of the curved plate to make it fit closely with the model segment;

[0023] S06: Filling the loading box with fluid through the filling box, so that the loading box becomes a solid supporting unit component;

[0024] S07: Install several loading devices according to the number of buoyancy loading rings required for the test;

[0025] S08: The servo hydraulic system is used to control the jacking force of different rings in real time to achieve non-uniform buoyancy loading test.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention provides an assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device, comprising a plurality of arc-shaped force transmission devices and a loading device. The loading device comprises a guide rail and a plurality of jacks. By controlling the loading force of the jacks corresponding to each arc-shaped force transmission device, the distribution characteristics of the non-uniform buoyancy are simulated, thereby achieving accurate reproduction of the buoyancy effect of the lining during the construction period in a shield tunnel model test. The arc-shaped force transmission device comprises a loading box, the top of which is open and equipped with an arc-shaped plate with an adjustable curvature. By adjusting the curvature of the arc-shaped plate, it can perfectly fit segments of different specifications, thereby meeting the requirements of non-uniform buoyancy tests on model segments of different sizes and different loading schemes. The device is simple to operate, highly applicable, and reduces test costs.

[0028] The present invention provides a method for testing the non-uniform buoyancy loading of assembled shield segments, which applies simulated non-uniform buoyancy and transmits the force to a shield tunnel model. The method is easy to operate and can accurately restore the buoyancy effect of the lining during the construction period in the shield tunnel model test simulation.

[0029] 2. The bottom of the same loading box is connected to two jacks distributed on the left and right. It only needs to control the jacks to realize the loading of the arc-shaped force transmission device, which is highly efficient. The side wall of the loading box is connected to the filling box through the filling port. The loading box is filled with sand to form a solid, ensuring that the force transmission and loading of the arc-shaped force transmission device are uniform.

[0030] 3. The bottom of the curved plate is connected to a plurality of adjustment rods along the arc direction. The lower ends of the adjustment rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the loading box through external nuts. By changing the position of the adjustment rods, the curvature of the curved plate can be changed. This can meet the non-uniform buoyancy test of model segments with different sizes and different loading schemes. It is simple to operate and has high applicability.

[0031] 4. The assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device of the present invention can be widely used in the simulation of loading force in tunnel model tests. It has a simple structure and low cost, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the loading buoyancy device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the non-uniform buoyancy loading test device for assembled shield segments according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 Front view of the non-uniform buoyancy loading test device for assembled shield segments according to the present invention

[0035] Figure 3 A side view of the non-uniform buoyancy loading test device for assembled shield segments according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the guide rail structure of the present invention

[0037] In the figure: 1 model segment, 2 loading box, 3 curved plate, 4 adjusting rod, 5 external nut, 6 filling port, 7 input pipe, 8 filling box, 9 discharge port, 10 jack, 11 oil valve, 12 hydraulic oil pipe, 13 servo hydraulic system, 14 rubber pad, 15 slider, 16 guide rail, 17 ball bearing, 18 bolt, 19 reaction frame, 20 universal wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0039] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0040] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or their combinations.

[0041] In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are merely relational words determined for the convenience of describing the structural relationships of the various parts or elements of the present invention, and do not specifically refer to any part or element in the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0042] This embodiment provides a non-uniform buoyancy loading test device for assembled shield segments, such as Figures 1-4 , mainly including multiple arc-shaped force transmission devices and loading devices. The number of arc-shaped force transmission devices is selected according to the overall length of the model pipe segment 1.

[0043] Each arc-shaped force transmission device consists of a loading box 2, an arc-shaped plate 3, an adjusting rod 4, an external nut 5, an input pipe 7 and a filling box 8. The loading box 2 is assembled from steel plates, and the top of the loading box 2 is open. The bottom plate of the loading box 2 is provided with two grooves. The arc-shaped plate 3 is made of a steel plate with a certain elasticity, and the bottom of the arc-shaped plate 3 is connected to four adjusting rods 4 by welding or hinges along the arc direction. The arc-shaped plate 3 is assembled at the opening of the loading box 2, and the lower end of the adjusting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the loading box 2 by an external bolt 5. By moving the adjusting rod 4 up and down, the curvature of the arc-shaped plate 3 can be adjusted so that it fits tightly with the model pipe segment 1. When the curvature of the arc-shaped plate is determined, it is fixed by the external nut 5, and then the front and rear side plates of the loading box are replaced so that the curvature of the top of the front and rear side plates matches the curvature of the arc-shaped plate 3.

[0044] A filling port 6 is machined into the side of the loading box 2. A filling box 8 is connected to the filling port 6 via an inlet pipe 7. Fluid material, such as sand or soil, is injected into the loading box 2 through the filling box 8, making the loading box 2 a solid supporting unit. This facilitates the even transfer of buoyancy, allowing the arc-shaped force transmission device to uniformly load and transmit force to the model segment. A discharge port 9 is provided at the bottom of the loading box 2. After the test is completed, the filling material can be discharged through the discharge port 9, facilitating the movement or retrieval of the loading device.

[0045] The loading device comprises a guide rail 16, a reaction frame 19, multiple jacks 10, and a servo-hydraulic system 13. Each jack 10 is connected to the servo-hydraulic system 13 via a hydraulic oil pipe 12 equipped with an oil valve 11. In this embodiment, two jacks 10 are connected to the same loading box 2, each with a corresponding groove at the bottom. The two jacks 10 are symmetrically located. When the servo-hydraulic system 13 is connected to the hydraulic oil pipe 12, the jacking force of the jacks 10 is controlled in real time via the oil valve 11 according to the test requirements. This force is then transmitted to the model segment 1 through the loading box 2, simulating the jacking force.

[0046] The bottom of each jack 10 is slidably connected to a guide rail 16 via a slider 15. The top surface of the slider 15 has a groove, into which the bottom of the jack is mounted and stabilized by a rubber pad 14. To facilitate sliding, the slider 15 is mounted on the guide rail 16 using pre-assembled balls 17. This design allows the position of the jack 10 and loading box 2 to be adjusted by sliding the slider 15 along the guide rail 16 in the direction of the model segment 1, thereby applying the upward buoyancy force to the center of the model segment 1. Furthermore, by arbitrarily removing and installing the slider 15, jack 10, and loading box on the guide rail 16, single- or multi-ring upward buoyancy loading can be achieved. The bottom of the guide rail 16 is connected to the reaction frame 19 via bolts 18, allowing assembly according to test requirements. Four universal wheels 20 are bolted to the bottom of the reaction frame 19, enabling adjustment of the specific position of the entire test apparatus of this embodiment, facilitating installation and disassembly during testing.

[0047] Based on the above-mentioned non-uniform buoyancy loading test device for assembled shield segments, this embodiment further provides a non-uniform buoyancy loading test method for assembled shield segments, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0048] Step 1: When in use, install the guide rail 16 and the slider 15 on the reaction frame 19.

[0049] Step 2: Connect the bottom ends of the two jacks 10 to the slider 15, place each jack 10 into the groove of the slider 15, and fill it with a rubber pad 14 to secure it;

[0050] Step 3: Connect the loading box 2 of an arc-shaped force transmission device to the top of the jack 10; Step 4: Push the reaction frame 19 under the positioned model pipe segment 1 and fix the universal wheel 20.

[0051] Step 5: Adjust the slider by means of the guide rail 16 to change the specific position of the arc-shaped force transmission device so that it is aligned with the center of the model segment 1;

[0052] Step 6: Adjust the curvature of the curved plate 3 by moving the adjusting rod 4 up and down so that it fits tightly with the model segment 1. After the curvature is determined, fix it with the external nut 5.

[0053] Step 7: Fill the loading box 2 with sand or other filling materials through the filling box 8 to make it a solid unit.

[0054] Step 8: Repeat steps 2 to 7 according to the number of buoyancy loading rings required for the test. In this embodiment, four arc-shaped force transmission devices are installed together, using a total of eight jacks.

[0055] Step 9: The servo hydraulic system 13 is used to control the thrust of the jacks 10 of different rings in real time to achieve a non-uniform buoyancy loading test.

[0056] Through the above scheme, the distribution characteristics of non-uniform buoyancy are simulated by controlling the loading force of the jacks corresponding to each arc-shaped force transmission device, so that the shield tunnel model test can accurately restore the buoyancy effect of the lining during the construction period; the arc-shaped force transmission device includes a loading box, the top of the loading box is open and is equipped with an arc plate with adjustable curvature. By adjusting the curvature of the arc plate, it can perfectly fit the pipe segments of different specifications, and can meet the non-uniform buoyancy force test of model pipe segments of different sizes and different loading schemes. It is simple to operate, highly applicable, and reduces the test cost; applying simulated non-uniform buoyancy force to transmit the force to the shield tunnel model is convenient to operate, and the shield tunnel model test can accurately restore the buoyancy effect of the lining during the construction period.

[0057] The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device, characterized in that: It includes multiple arc-shaped force transmission devices and loading devices; The arc-shaped force transmission device comprises a loading box (2), the top of the loading box (2) is open and equipped with an arc-shaped plate (3) with an adjustable arc, a side wall of the loading box (2) is provided with a filling port (6), the filling port (6) is connected to a filling box (8), and the bottom of the loading box (2) is provided with a discharge port (9); The bottom of the arc-shaped plate (3) is connected to a plurality of adjustment rods (4) along the arc direction; The lower end of the regulating rod (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the loading box (2) via an external nut (5); the material injected into the loading box (2) is sand or soil; The loading device comprises a guide rail (16) and a plurality of jacks (10), wherein the jacks (10) are connected to a servo hydraulic system (13), the bottom of the jacks (10) are slidably connected to the guide rail (16) via a slider (15), and the top of the jacks (10) is correspondingly connected to the bottom of the loading box (2).

2. The assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the guide rail (16) is connected to a reaction frame (19) via bolts (18), and four universal wheels (20) are mounted on the bottom of the reaction frame (19) via bolts; The bottom of the same loading box (2) is correspondingly connected to two jacks (10) distributed on the left and right.

3. The assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The number of the arc-shaped force transmission devices is 4-10.

4. The assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A ball bearing (17) is provided between the slider and the guide rail.

5. The assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper end of the adjusting rod (4) is connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped plate (3) in a welding or hinged manner.

6. A method for testing non-uniform buoyancy loading of assembled shield segments, characterized in that: The loading test is carried out using the assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: S01: When in use, assemble the slider (15) on the guide rail (16); S02: Connecting the bottom ends of the jacks (10) of the loading device to the slider (15); S03: Connecting the loading boxes (2) of the respective arc-shaped force transmission devices to the top of the jack (10); S04: moving each arc-shaped force transmission device under the model segment (1); S05: Adjust the curvature of the curved plate (3) so that it fits closely with the model segment (1); S06: Filling the loading box (2) with filling fluid through the filling box (8), so that the loading box (2) becomes a solid supporting unit component; S07: Install several loading devices according to the number of buoyancy loading rings required for the test; S08: The servo hydraulic system (13) is used to control the jacking force of different rings (10) in real time to achieve a non-uniform buoyancy loading test.

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