Soil sample collection device and method for geological disaster control engineering

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil sample collection device and method for geological disaster control engineering, and relates to the technical field of soil sample collection, the soil sample collection device comprises a bottom plate and a switching mechanism, and the top of the bottom plate is fixedly provided with a top plate through a support. According to the soil sample collecting device and method for the geological disaster control project, when a soil sample is collected, a transmission mechanism is started to drive a drill rod to rotate and move downwards, meanwhile, the drill rod can drive a transmission rod to rotate when rotating, a stone crushing mechanism at the bottom is made to move, and hard objects making contact with the bottom of the drill rod are crushed; when the drill rod drills into the set depth, the sampling mechanism can work through the switching mechanism, after sampling is completed, a servo motor a can be started to rotate reversely, the drill rod is driven to move upwards, the switching mechanism is started again to drive the knocking mechanism to move, and soil attached to the surface of the drill rod is loosened and separated; by starting the supporting mechanism, the sampling stability of the soil sample collecting device can be kept.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil sample collection, and specifically to a soil sample collection device and method for geological disaster control projects. Background Technique

[0002] In geological disaster control projects, soil sample collection devices are very important tools, mainly used to collect soil samples for laboratory analysis and testing. These analyses and tests can provide information about soil properties, structure, and composition, which are crucial for assessing the risk of geological disasters, formulating control plans, and monitoring the control effects.

[0003] For example, in a soil sample collector for geological exploration with the publication number CN115753205A, when the cylinder rotates, the crushing rod continuously moves vertically in a reciprocating manner, continuously crushing hard objects, enabling the cylinder to smoothly drill into the soil, with better drilling effects and avoiding damage to the cylinder; after the cylinder reaches the soil layer for collecting soil samples, the electric telescopic rod drives the collection head to extend, and the crushed soil around will enter the collection head to achieve the collection of soil samples, avoiding soil collapse caused by pulling out the drilling equipment, avoiding soil sample contamination, and making soil sample detection more accurate.

[0004] When the soil sample collection device in the above solution takes soil samples, a set of driving devices will drive the drill bit to rotate, and another set of driving devices will drive the rotating drill bit to move down into the soil. And there is a crushing rod inside the drill bit, and the crushing rod moves up and down through the driving component at the top, thereby crushing the hard objects contacted during drilling. In the existing soil sample collection devices, when crushing hard objects, a separate driving mechanism is required for reciprocating movement, with poor synchronism, and the crushing rod needs to move reciprocally through a compression spring, and the impact force that can be output is small, making it difficult to crush objects with higher hardness. Moreover, the crushing rod is arranged at the center of the drill bit, with a small crushing range. When the soil sample collection device takes soil samples, a set of soil collection mechanisms at the bottom will be used for sampling, and only one set of soil samples can be collected at a time. When multiple groups of samples need to be sampled, the efficiency will be greatly reduced. And the soil collection mechanism can only sample one point at the sampling depth, with a narrow sampling range. When the soil sample collection device moves up after sampling, the drill bit will bring out soil samples at other depths in the soil, and these soil samples will adhere to the drill bit. When taking out these samples, the soil samples are prone to contact with the samples, thus affecting the analysis of the soil samples. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil sample collection device and method for geological disaster control projects to solve the problem in the above background technique that the existing soil sample collection devices are difficult to accurately sample multiple groups of samples synchronously.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A soil sample collection device for geological disaster control projects, including a bottom plate and a switching mechanism. The top of the bottom plate is fixed with a top plate through a bracket. The top of the top plate is fixedly connected with a servo motor a. The output end of the servo motor a is fixedly connected with a threaded rod. The outside of the threaded rod is threadedly connected with a moving plate.

[0007] The inside of the moving plate is movably connected with a drill rod through a bearing. The top of the moving plate is fixedly connected with a servo motor b. The output end of the servo motor b is fixedly connected with a driving gear. The outside of the driving gear is meshed with a driven gear. An inner cylinder is sleeved inside the drill rod. The top of the inner cylinder is fixedly connected with a fixing plate. A switching mechanism is arranged inside the inner cylinder. The switching mechanism includes a hydraulic rod a fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate. The bottom of the hydraulic rod a is movably connected with a switching gear a through a rotating shaft. The bottom of the switching gear a is fixedly connected with a transmission rod. The outside of the transmission rod is movably connected with a switching gear b through a bearing. The middle of the transmission rod is movably connected with multiple rotating sleeves through a bearing. Multiple connecting rods a are movably connected to the outside of the rotating sleeves through a rotating shaft. The bottom of the transmission rod is fixedly connected with a connecting rod. The outside of the connecting rod is slidably connected with a connecting sleeve. The outside of the switching gear a is meshed with a transmission gear. The outside of the transmission gear is meshed with a gear ring. A gravel crushing mechanism for crushing hard objects during drilling is arranged at the bottom of the connecting sleeve. The gravel crushing mechanism includes a gravel plate arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder. The two sides of the top of the gravel plate are fixedly connected with sliding rods. The outside of the sliding rods is slidably connected with the inner cylinder. A sampling mechanism for collecting soil samples is arranged in the middle of the drill rod. The sampling mechanism includes a sampling box slidably connected to the outside of the drill rod. One side of the sampling box is provided with a top block. One side of the top block is movably connected with the connecting rod a through a rotating shaft. A knocking mechanism for cleaning the soil on the outside of the drill rod is arranged at the top of the inner cylinder. The knocking mechanism includes a connecting disc fixedly connected to the bottom of the switching gear b. Multiple convex blocks are fixed on the top of the connecting disc. Multiple knocking rods are arranged on the top of the connecting disc. A supporting mechanism for supporting the soil sample collection device is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate.

[0008] Preferably, the inside of the driven gear is fixedly connected to the outside of the drill rod. The bottom of the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the moving plate. Multiple groups of the connecting rods a are distributed at equal angles with respect to the central axis of the transmission rod.

[0009] Preferably, the connecting rod is rectangular in shape. The outside of the connecting sleeve is movably connected to the inner cylinder through a bearing. The outside of the gear ring is fixedly connected to the inside of the driven gear. The top of the transmission gear is movably connected to the inner cylinder through a rotating shaft.

[0010] Preferably, a synchronous pulley a is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting sleeve. A synchronous belt is sleeved on the outside of the synchronous pulley a. A synchronous pulley b is sleeved on one side of the synchronous belt. A transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the synchronous pulley b. The outside of the transmission shaft is movably connected to the inner cylinder through a bearing. A bevel gear a is fixedly connected to the bottom of the transmission shaft.

[0011] Preferably, a bevel gear b is meshed and connected to the outside of the bevel gear a. One side of the bevel gear b is movably connected to the inner cylinder through a rotating shaft. A rotating disk is fixedly connected to the other side of the bevel gear b. One side of the rotating disk is movably connected to a connecting rod b through a rotating shaft. One end of the connecting rod b is movably connected to a gravel disk through a rotating shaft.

[0012] Preferably, sliding blocks a are slidably connected to both the top and bottom of the top block. One side of the sliding block a is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder. Both the top block and one side of the sampling box are arc-shaped. Sliding blocks b are fixedly connected to both the top and bottom of the sampling box. The outside of the sliding block b is slidably connected to the drill rod. One side of the sliding block b abuts against a spring. One end of the spring abuts against the inside of the drill rod. Sliding grooves matching the sliding blocks a are formed on both sides of the top block. The sliding block a and the top block form a sliding structure. A sampling cavity is formed inside the sampling box.

[0013] Preferably, the convex blocks are distributed at equal angles about the central axis of the connecting disk. The shape of the convex block is hemispherical. Connecting frames are movably connected to both sides of the knocking rod through rotating shafts. The top of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder. A tension spring is fixedly connected to the top of the knocking rod. The top of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder. A ball is fixedly connected to one end of the knocking rod. The other end of the knocking rod is movably connected to a rotating shaft through a rotating shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the support mechanism includes a hydraulic rod b fixedly connected to the bottom of the bottom plate. One end of the hydraulic rod b is movably connected to a connecting rod c through a rotating shaft. One end of the connecting rod c is movably connected to a rack bar through a rotating shaft. The outside of the rack bar is slidably connected to a fixed block. The top of the fixed block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bottom plate.

[0015] Preferably, a connecting gear is meshed and connected to the top of the rack bar. A support rod is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting gear. A support plate is fixedly connected to one end of the support rod. The connecting gear and one side of the support rod are both movably connected to the bottom plate through rotating shafts.

[0016] A method for collecting soil samples for geological disaster control projects includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Move the soil sample collection device to the location where sampling is required, then start the servo motor b and the servo motor a to drive the drill rod to rotate and move it downward to contact the soil and enter the soil.

[0018] After being drilled into the soil, the sampling mechanism can be moved through the switching mechanism to start sampling soil layers at different depths.

[0019] After sampling is completed, the drill rod is driven to move upward by the reverse rotation of servo motor a, and then the soil samples collected in the sampling mechanism are taken out to complete the collection of soil samples.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: for the soil sample collection device and method for geological disaster control projects, when collecting soil samples, the drill rod is driven to rotate and move downward by starting the transmission mechanism. At the same time, when the drill rod rotates, it will drive the transmission rod to rotate, causing the bottom gravel mechanism to move and break the hard objects contacted by the bottom of the drill rod, making the drilling of the drill rod smoother. When the drill rod is drilled to the set depth, the sampling mechanism can be made to work through the switching mechanism to evenly collect soil samples at different depths. After sampling is completed, servo motor a can be started to rotate in reverse to drive the drill rod to move upward, and the switching mechanism can be started again to drive the knocking mechanism to move, loosening and separating the soil adhered to the surface of the drill rod to complete the cleaning of the drill rod. By starting the support mechanism, the stability of the soil sample collection device during sampling can be maintained. In this way, through the above operations, the drill rod can quickly penetrate into the soil and evenly sample soil layers at different depths in the soil, improving the accuracy of sampling. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 Is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the support mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Is a three-dimensional sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Is a three-dimensional sectional schematic diagram of the drill rod of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 Is a front sectional schematic diagram of the drill rod of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 Is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the inner cylinder of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 Is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the gravel mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 Is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sampling mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 Is an enlarged schematic diagram A of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10Schematic enlarged view of B of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1, bottom plate; 2, top plate; 3, servo motor a; 4, threaded rod; 5, moving plate; 6, drill rod; 7, servo motor b; 8, driving gear; 9, driven gear; 10, fixing plate; 11, switching mechanism; 111, hydraulic rod a; 112, switching gear a; 113, switching gear b; 114, connecting rod a; 115, connecting rod; 116, connecting sleeve; 117, gear ring; 118, transmission gear; 119, transmission rod; 1110, rotating sleeve; 12, inner cylinder; 13, gravel crushing mechanism; 131, synchronous pulley a; 132, synchronous belt; 133, synchronous pulley b; 134, transmission shaft; 135, bevel gear a; 136, bevel gear b; 137, rotating disc; 138, connecting rod b; 139, gravel crushing disc; 1310, slide bar; 14, sampling mechanism; 141, spring; 142, top block; 143, slider a; 144, sampling box; 145, slider b; 15, knocking mechanism; 151, connecting disc; 152, convex block; 153, knocking rod; 154, connecting frame; 155, tension spring; 156, rotating shaft; 16, supporting mechanism; 161, hydraulic rod b; 162, connecting rod c; 163, fixing block; 164, rack bar; 165, connecting gear; 166, support rod; 167, support plate. Specific embodiments

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1-10 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a soil sample collection device for geological disaster control projects, including a bottom plate 1 and a switching mechanism 11. The top of the bottom plate 1 is fixed with a top plate 2 through a bracket, the top of the top plate 2 is fixedly connected with a servo motor a 3, the output end of the servo motor a 3 is fixedly connected with a threaded rod 4, and the outside of the threaded rod 4 is threadedly connected with a moving plate 5.

[0034] Inside the moving plate 5, a drill pipe 6 is movably connected through a bearing. At the top of the moving plate 5, a servo motor b7 is fixedly connected. The output end of the servo motor b7 is fixedly connected with a driving gear 8. The outer side of the driving gear 8 is meshed and connected with a driven gear 9. An inner cylinder 12 is sleeved inside the drill pipe 6. At the top of the inner cylinder 12, a fixing plate 10 is fixedly connected. Inside the inner cylinder 12, a switching mechanism 11 is arranged. The switching mechanism 11 includes a hydraulic rod a111 fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate 10. The bottom of the hydraulic rod a111 is movably connected through a rotating shaft with a switching gear a112. The bottom of the switching gear a112 is fixedly connected with a transmission rod 119. The outer side of the transmission rod 119 is movably connected through a bearing with a switching gear b113. The middle part of the transmission rod 119 is movably connected through a bearing with multiple rotating sleeves 1110. The outer sides of the rotating sleeves 1110 are movably connected through rotating shafts with multiple connecting rods a114. The bottom of the transmission rod 119 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod 115. The outer side of the connecting rod 115 is slidably connected with a connecting sleeve 116. The outer side of the switching gear a112 is meshed and connected with a transmission gear 118. The outer side of the transmission gear 118 is meshed and connected with a gear ring 117. At the bottom of the connecting sleeve 116, a gravel crushing mechanism 13 for crushing hard objects during drilling is arranged;

[0035] The gravel crushing mechanism 13 includes a gravel crushing plate 139 arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder 12. On both sides of the top of the gravel crushing plate 139, sliding rods 1310 are fixedly connected. The outer sides of the sliding rods 1310 are slidably connected with the inner cylinder 12. In the middle of the drill pipe 6, a sampling mechanism 14 for collecting soil samples is arranged. The sampling mechanism 14 includes a sampling box 144 slidably connected to the outer side of the drill pipe 6. On one side of the sampling box 144, a top block 142 is arranged. One side of the top block 142 is movably connected through a rotating shaft with the connecting rod a114. At the top of the inner cylinder 12, a knocking mechanism 15 for cleaning the soil on the outer side of the drill pipe 6 is arranged. The knocking mechanism 15 includes a connecting plate 151 fixedly connected to the bottom of the switching gear b113. Multiple convex blocks 152 are fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate 151. Multiple knocking rods 153 are arranged on the top of the connecting plate 151. At the bottom of the bottom plate 1, a supporting mechanism 16 for supporting the soil sample collection device is arranged;

[0036] The inner side of the driven gear 9 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the drill pipe 6. The bottom of the fixed plate 10 is fixedly connected to the moving plate 5. Multiple groups of link a114 are distributed at equal angles with respect to the central axis of the transmission rod 119. The outer shape of the connecting rod 115 is rectangular. The outer side of the connecting sleeve 116 is movably connected to the inner cylinder 12 through a bearing. The outer side of the gear ring 117 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the driven gear 9. The top of the transmission gear 118 is movably connected to the inner cylinder 12 through a rotating shaft. The inside of the top plate 2 is provided with through holes matching the hydraulic rod a111 and the servo motor a3. The driving gear 8 and the driven gear 9 form a meshing transmission structure. The threaded rod 4 and the moving plate 5 form a threaded transmission structure. The link a114 forms a rotating structure with the rotating sleeve 1110 through a rotating shaft. The inside of the connecting sleeve 116 is provided with a rectangular groove matching the connecting rod 115. The connecting rod 115 and the connecting sleeve 116 form a sliding structure;

[0037] The bottom of the connecting sleeve 116 is fixedly connected to a synchronous pulley a131. The outer side of the synchronous pulley a131 is sleeved with a synchronous belt 132. One side of the synchronous belt 132 is sleeved with a synchronous pulley b133. The bottom of the synchronous pulley b133 is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft 134. The outer side of the transmission shaft 134 is movably connected to the inner cylinder 12 through a bearing. The bottom of the transmission shaft 134 is fixedly connected to a bevel gear a135. The outer side of the bevel gear a135 is meshed with a bevel gear b136. One side of the bevel gear b136 is movably connected to the inner cylinder 12 through a rotating shaft. The other side of the bevel gear b136 is fixedly connected to a rotating disk 137. One side of the rotating disk 137 is movably connected to a link b138 through a rotating shaft. One end of the link b138 is movably connected to a gravel disk 139 through a rotating shaft. The bevel gear a135 and the bevel gear b136 form a meshing transmission structure. The slide bar 1310 and the inner cylinder 12 form a sliding structure. The rotating disk 137 forms a rotating structure with the link b138 through a rotating shaft;

[0038] Sliders a143 are slidably connected to both the top and bottom of the top block 142. One side of the slider a143 is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder 12. Both the top and bottom of the top block 142 and one side of the sampling box 144 are arc-shaped. Sliders b145 are fixedly connected to both the top and bottom of the sampling box 144. The outside of the slider b145 is slidably connected to the drill pipe 6. One side of the slider b145 abuts against a spring 141. One end of the spring 141 abuts against the inside of the drill pipe 6. Sliding grooves matching the slider a143 are formed on both sides of the top block 142. The slider a143 and the top block 142 form a sliding structure. A sampling cavity is formed inside the sampling box 144; Multiple groups of convex blocks 152 are distributed at equal angles about the central axis of the connecting disk 151. The shape of the convex block 152 is hemispherical. Connecting frames 154 are movably connected to both sides of the knocking rod 153 through rotating shafts. The top of the connecting frame 154 is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder 12. A tension spring 155 is fixedly connected to the top of the knocking rod 153. The top of the tension spring 155 is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder 12. A ball is fixedly connected to one end of the knocking rod 153. The other end of the knocking rod 153 is movably connected to a rotating shaft 156 through a rotating shaft. The knocking rod 153 forms a rotating structure with the connecting frame 154 through the rotating shaft. A rotating groove for the knocking rod 153 to rotate is formed on the outside of the inner cylinder 12;

[0039] The supporting mechanism 16 includes a hydraulic rod b161 fixedly connected to the bottom of the bottom plate 1. One end of the hydraulic rod b161 is movably connected to a connecting rod c162 through a rotating shaft. One end of the connecting rod c162 is movably connected to a rack bar 164 through a rotating shaft. The outside of the rack bar 164 is slidably connected to a fixed block 163. The top of the fixed block 163 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bottom plate 1; A connecting gear 165 is meshed and connected to the top of the rack bar 164. One side of the connecting gear 165 is fixedly connected to a support rod 166. One end of the support rod 166 is fixedly connected to a support plate 167. One side of the connecting gear 165 and the support rod 166 are both movably connected to the bottom plate 1 through rotating shafts. The rack bar 164 and the connecting gear 165 form a meshing transmission structure. The connecting rod c162 and the rack bar 164 form a rotating structure. The fixed block 163 and the rack bar 164 form a sliding structure.

[0040] During specific implementation, for the soil sample collection device and method used in the geological disaster control project, when collecting soil samples, the servo motor b7 is started to drive the driving gear 8 to rotate. The driving gear 8 will mesh with the driven gear 9, thereby driving the driven gear 9 and the drill rod 6 inside it to rotate. Then, the servo motor a3 is started to drive the threaded rod 4 to rotate, causing the threaded rod 4 to engage in a threaded drive with the moving plate 5 and driving the moving plate 5 to move downward. The moving plate 5 will drive the rotating drill rod 6 to also move downward. When the rotating drill rod 6 contacts the soil, it will drill the soil. At the same time, when the drill rod 6 rotates, it will drive the gear ring 117 inside it and the transmission gear 118 on the outer side of the inner cylinder 12 to rotate. At this time, the transmission gear 118 is meshed with the switching gear a112, so it can drive the switching gear a112 to rotate. The switching gear a112 will drive the transmission rod 119 at the bottom to rotate. The transmission rod 119 will drive the connecting sleeve 116 to rotate through the connecting rod 115, and further cause the connecting sleeve 116 to drive the gravel mechanism 13 at the bottom to move. The synchronous pulley a131 in the gravel mechanism 13 will rotate following the connecting sleeve 116, and drive the synchronous pulley b133 to rotate through the synchronous belt 132 sleeved on the outside, causing the synchronous pulley b133 to drive the transmission shaft 134 and the bevel gear a135 at the bottom to rotate. The bevel gear a135 will mesh with the bevel gear b136, thereby driving the rotating disk 137 on one side to rotate. When the rotating disk 137 rotates, it will drive the connecting rod b138 movably connected on one side to rotate, causing the gravel disk 139 movably connected to the bottom of the connecting rod b138 to reciprocate up and down at the bottom of the inner cylinder 12, thereby breaking the hard objects contacted at the bottom, making the drill rod 6 more smooth during drilling. When the gravel disk 139 moves up and down, it will slide at the bottom of the inner cylinder 12 through the two groups of slide rods 1310 at the top, thereby maintaining the stability of the gravel disk 139 during movement;

[0041] When the drill pipe 6 drills to the set depth, the hydraulic rod a111 in the switching mechanism 11 can pull the switching gear a112 and the transmission rod 119 upward, so that the switching gear a112 disengages from the meshing with the transmission gear 118, and the transmission gear 118 is located between the switching gear a112 and the switching gear b113. At this time, the gravel mechanism 13 will stop moving, and when the transmission rod 119 moves upward, it will drive a plurality of rotating sleeves 1110 to move upward, and the rotating sleeves 1110 will drive a plurality of outer connecting rods a114 to rotate and expand. When the connecting rod a114 expands, it will push the top block 142 at one end out of the inner cylinder 12, so that the sampling mechanism 14 starts to work. At this time, when the drill pipe 6 rotates, it will drive the sampling box 144 on one side to intermittently contact a plurality of moved top blocks 142. When the arc surface on one side of the sampling box 144 contacts the arc surface of the top block 142, the sampling box 144 will move and squeeze the spring 141 through the slider a143. When the sampling box 144 moves, it will extend out of the drill pipe 6 and enter the soil through the wedge surface on one side. The rotating drill pipe 6 will drive the extended sampling box 144 to collect the soil. When the sampling box 144 disengages from the contact with the top block 142, the spring 141 will push the sampling box 144 to reset and return it to the drill pipe 6. A plurality of top blocks 142 will cause the sampling box 144 to intermittently move out, so that soil samples at multiple positions at the same depth can be collected, and the samples can be fully collected, thereby improving the accuracy of sampling. At the same time, the sampling boxes 144 at multiple positions can collect soil samples at different depths, which is convenient for the staff to analyze the soil samples at different depths;

[0042] After the sampling is completed, the hydraulic rod a111 in the switching mechanism 11 can be started again to drive the transmission rod 119 to continue moving upward, so that the switching gear b113 meshes with the transmission gear 118. When the transmission rod 119 moves upward, it will drive a plurality of connecting rods a114 on the outer side of the rotating sleeve 1110 to rotate and contract, thereby pulling a plurality of top blocks 142 back into the inner cylinder 12. At this time, when the drill rod 6 drives the sampling box 144 to rotate, it will not contact the top block 142, so it will always be in the drill rod 6 and can store the sampled soil sample. The rotating transmission gear 118 will drive the switching gear b113 to rotate. Since the switching gear b113 is movably connected to the transmission rod 119 through a bearing, it will not drive the transmission rod 119 to rotate. The switching gear b113 can drive the bottom connecting disk 151 to rotate. Since the connecting disk 151 moves upward with the switching gear b113, the connecting disk 151 will move to the bottom of the knocking rod 153 at this time and intermittently contact the rotating shaft 156 at one end of the knocking rod 153 through a plurality of convex blocks 152 on the top. When the convex block 152 contacts the rotating shaft 156 at one end of the knocking rod 153, the knocking rod 153 will rotate and pull the tension spring 155 on one side to stretch. When the convex block 152 disengages from the contact with the rotating shaft 156, the tension spring 155 will reset and pull the knocking rod 153 to rotate, so that the knocking rod 153 knocks the inner wall of the drill rod 6 through the ball at one end. In this way, the knocking rod 153 can continuously knock the drill rod 6 to make the drill rod 6 vibrate. The vibration will loosen the soil adhered to the surface of the drill rod 6, and since the drill rod 6 is in a rotating state at this time, the centrifugal force generated will cause the loosened soil to break away from the outside of the drill rod 6, thereby completing the cleaning of the drill rod 6 and preventing the soil adhered to the outside of the drill rod 6 from being taken out and mixed with the sample when taking out the sample in the sampling box 144, which affects the accuracy of the sample. When the drill rod 6 is removed from the soil, the sampling box 144 can be moved out again through the sampling mechanism 14, so as to take out the soil sample in the sampling box 144;

[0043] At the same time, in order to maintain the stability of the soil sample collection device during sampling, by starting the hydraulic rod b161 in the support mechanism 16, the hydraulic rod b161 will drive two groups of connecting rods c162 at one end to rotate and expand, thereby pulling the rack bar 164 at one end to slide in the fixed block 163. The rack bar 164 will mesh with the connecting gear 165, thereby driving the connecting gear 165 to rotate and driving the support rod 166 to rotate. The support rod 166 will drive the support plate 167 at one end to contact the ground, thereby maintaining the stability of the soil sample collection device during sampling. In this way, through the above operations, the drill rod 6 can quickly penetrate into the soil and uniformly sample the soil layers at different depths in the soil, improving the accuracy of sampling.

[0044] A soil sample collection method for geological disaster control projects includes the following steps:

[0045] S1. Move the soil sample collection device to the location where sampling is required, then start servo motor b7 and servo motor a3 to drive the drill rod 6 to rotate and move it downward to contact the soil and enter the soil;

[0046] S2. After drilling into the soil, the sampling mechanism 14 can be moved through the switching mechanism 11 to start sampling different depths of soil layers;

[0047] S3. After sampling is completed, reverse the rotation of servo motor a3 to drive the drill rod 6 to move upward, and then take out the soil sample collected in the sampling mechanism 14 to complete the collection of the soil sample.

[0048] In summary, move the soil sample collection device to the location where sampling is required, then start servo motor b7 to drive the drill rod 6 to rotate, and start servo motor a3 to drive the rotating drill rod 6 to move downward to contact the soil and enter the soil. Then, collect the soil sample through the sampling mechanism 14. After the collection is completed, reverse the rotation of servo motor a3 to drive the drill rod 6 to move upward to complete the sampling. The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0049] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil sample collection device for geological disaster control engineering, comprising a bottom plate (1) and a switching mechanism (11), wherein a top plate (2) is fixed to the top of the bottom plate (1) through a bracket, a servo motor a (3) is fixed to the top of the top plate (2), a threaded rod (4) is fixed to the output end of the servo motor a (3), and a movable plate (5) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the threaded rod (4), characterized in that: The interior of the movable plate (5) is movably connected to a drill rod (6) via a bearing, the top of the movable plate (5) is fixedly connected to a servo motor b (7), the output end of the servo motor b (7) is fixedly connected to a driving gear (8), the outer side of the driving gear (8) is meshingly connected to a driven gear (9), the interior of the drill rod (6) is sleeved with an inner cylinder (12), the top of the inner cylinder (12) is fixedly connected to a fixed plate (10), a switching mechanism (11) is provided inside the inner cylinder (12), the switching mechanism (11) comprises a hydraulic rod a (111) fixedly connected to the top of the fixed plate (10), the bottom of the hydraulic rod a (111) is connected to the fixed plate (10), and the bottom of the hydraulic rod a (111) is connected to the fixed plate (10). A switching gear a (112) is movably connected via a rotating shaft, a transmission rod (119) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the switching gear a (112), the outer side of the transmission rod (119) is movably connected to a switching gear b (113) via a bearing, a middle part of the transmission rod (119) is movably connected to multiple groups of rotating sleeves (1110) via bearings, the outer side of the rotating sleeve (1110) is movably connected to multiple groups of connecting rods a (114) via a rotating shaft, a connecting rod (115) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the transmission rod (119), the outer side of the connecting rod (115) is slidably connected to a connecting sleeve (116), the outer side of the switching gear a (112) is meshed with the connecting sleeve (116). The connecting sleeve (116) is connected to a transmission gear (118), the outer side of which is meshedly connected to a gear ring (117), the bottom of the connecting sleeve (116) is provided with a stone crushing mechanism (13) for crushing hard objects during drilling, the stone crushing mechanism (13) includes a stone crushing plate (139) arranged at the bottom of the inner tube (12), the two sides of the top of the stone crushing plate (139) are fixedly connected with a sliding rod (1310), the outer side of the sliding rod (1310) is slidably connected to the inner tube (12), and the middle part of the drill rod (6) is provided with a sampling mechanism (14) for collecting soil samples, the sampling mechanism (14) includes a sampling box (1310) slidably connected to the outer side of the drill rod (6) 144), a top block (142) is provided on one side of the sampling box (144), one side of the top block (142) is movably connected to the connecting rod a (114) through a rotating shaft, a knocking mechanism (15) for cleaning the soil outside the drill rod (6) is provided on the top of the inner tube (12), the knocking mechanism (15) comprises a connecting plate (151) fixedly connected to the bottom of the switching gear b (113), a plurality of groups of protrusions (152) are fixed on the top of the connecting plate (151), a plurality of groups of knocking rods (153) are provided on the top of the connecting plate (151), and a supporting mechanism (16) for supporting the soil sample collection device is provided at the bottom of the bottom plate (1).

2. The soil sample collection device for geological disaster control engineering according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner side of the driven gear (9) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the drill rod (6), the bottom of the fixed plate (10) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (5), and the plurality of groups of connecting rods a (114) are distributed at equal angles with respect to the central axis of the transmission rod (119).

3. The soil sampling device for geological disaster control engineering according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting rod (115) has a rectangular shape, the outer side of the connecting sleeve (116) is movably connected to the inner cylinder (12) via a bearing, the outer side of the gear ring (117) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the driven gear (9), and the top of the transmission gear (118) is movably connected to the inner cylinder (12) via a rotating shaft.

4. The soil sampling device for geological disaster control engineering according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the connecting sleeve (116) is fixedly connected to a synchronous wheel a (131), the outer side of the synchronous wheel a (131) is sleeved with a synchronous belt (132), one side of the synchronous belt (132) is sleeved with a synchronous wheel b (133), the bottom of the synchronous wheel b (133) is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft (134), the outer side of the transmission shaft (134) is movably connected to the inner cylinder (12) via a bearing, and the bottom of the transmission shaft (134) is fixedly connected to a bevel gear a (135).

5. The soil sampling device for geological disaster control engineering according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The outer side of the bevel gear a (135) is meshedly connected with a bevel gear b (136), one side of the bevel gear b (136) is movably connected to the inner cylinder (12) via a rotating shaft, the other side of the bevel gear b (136) is fixedly connected with a rotating disk (137), one side of the rotating disk (137) is movably connected with a connecting rod b (138) via a rotating shaft, and one end of the connecting rod b (138) is movably connected with a crushing disk (139) via a rotating shaft.

6. The soil sampling device for geological disaster control engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the top block (142) are both slidably connected to a slider a (143), one side of the slider a (143) is fixedly connected to the inner tube (12), the top block (142) and one side of the sampling box (144) are both arc-shaped, the top and bottom of the sampling box (144) are both fixedly connected to a slider b (145), the outer side of the slider b (145) is slidably connected to the drill rod (6), one side of the slider b (145) is abutted against a spring (141), and one end of the spring (141) is abutted against the inner side of the drill rod (6).

7. The soil sampling device for geological disaster control engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of protrusions (152) are distributed at equal angles with respect to the central axis of the connecting disk (151); the protrusions (152) are hemispherical in shape; two sides of the knocking rod (153) are movably connected to connecting frames (154) via a rotating shaft; the top of the connecting frame (154) is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder (12); the top of the knocking rod (153) is fixedly connected to a tension spring (155); the top of the tension spring (155) is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder (12); one end of the knocking rod (153) is fixedly connected to a ball bearing; the other end of the knocking rod (153) is movably connected to a rotating shaft (156) via a rotating shaft.

8. The soil sampling device for geological disaster control engineering according to claim 1 is characterized by: The support mechanism (16) comprises a hydraulic rod b (161) fixedly connected to the bottom of the base plate (1); one end of the hydraulic rod b (161) is movably connected to a connecting rod c (162) via a rotating shaft; one end of the connecting rod c (162) is movably connected to a rack rod (164) via a rotating shaft; a fixed block (163) is slidably connected to the outer side of the rack rod (164); and the top of the fixed block (163) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base plate (1).

9. The soil sampling device for geological disaster control engineering according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top of the rack rod (164) is meshingly connected with a connecting gear (165), one side of the connecting gear (165) is fixedly connected with a support rod (166), one end of the support rod (166) is fixedly connected with a support plate (167), and one side of the connecting gear (165) and the support rod (166) are both movably connected to the bottom plate (1) via a rotating shaft.

10. A soil sample collection method for geological disaster control engineering, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, move the soil sample collection device to the location where sampling is required, then start the servo motor b (7) and the servo motor a (3), drive the drill rod (6) to rotate, and move it downward to contact the soil and enter the soil; S2, after drilling into the soil, the sampling mechanism (14) can be moved by the switching mechanism (11) to start sampling soil layers at different depths; S3. After the sampling is completed, the servo motor a (3) is reversed to drive the drill rod (6) to move upward, and then the soil sample collected in the sampling mechanism (14) is taken out to complete the collection of the soil sample.

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