Sampling device for road engineering detection

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of road sampling devices, and discloses a sampling device for road engineering detection, which comprises a base, a mounting frame, a drilling cylinder, a rolling assembly and a clamping assembly, the clamping assembly comprises a clamping plate and a control assembly controlling the clamping plate to stretch out and draw back. The control assembly comprises a sealing ring which is elastically and hermetically lifted on the drill cylinder, and when the drill cylinder rotationally descends, the driving structure drives the sealing ring to descend relative to the drill cylinder to generate and store positive pressure; when the drilling barrel descends to a preset position, the switching structure releases positive pressure, and the limiting structure is driven to take effect to limit relative movement of the sealing ring and the drilling barrel while the clamping plate is driven to clamp a sample; when the drill cylinder ascends, the driving structure is separated from the sealing ring; when the drilling cylinder ascends to the initial position, the normal pressure recovery structure enables the clamping plate to recover normal pressure and controls the limiting structure to be unlocked, the third elastic piece drives the clamping plate to retract, and when the sampling device finishes sampling, the clamping plate is driven by the control assembly to automatically clamp a sample, and the rolling assembly is arranged, so that the sample can conveniently slide into or be separated from the drilling cylinder when the clamping assembly relieves clamping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of road sampling devices, and in particular to a sampling device for road engineering inspection. Background Art

[0002] To ensure the construction quality of roads, it is necessary to sample and inspect the road surface layer (cement layer or asphalt layer) covering the soil layer after the road construction is completed. Currently, the most commonly used sampling method is to use drilling sampling equipment for drilling and sampling.

[0003] Chinese Patent with application number 202320369156.1 discloses a sampling device for detecting the compaction degree of road subgrades, including a base and a top plate. A guide rod is provided between the base and the top plate. A mounting plate is horizontally sleeved on the guide rod. The mounting plate is located between the base and the top plate. A first motor is fixedly provided on the top of the mounting plate. The output end of the first motor passes through the mounting plate downward and is provided with a connecting plate. A sampling cylinder is detachably provided on the connecting plate by bolts. A number of arc-shaped protrusions are distributed among the inner walls of the sampling cylinder. A number of digging teeth are provided at the bottom of the sampling cylinder. A driving assembly for driving the mounting plate to rise or fall along the guide rod is also provided on the top plate.

[0004] Since there is a risk that the sample slips out of the sampling cylinder and falls back onto the road surface during the process of the sampling cylinder rising and separating from the road surface, the sampling device of the above patent makes it difficult for the sample in the sampling cylinder to fall out by providing arc-shaped protrusions on the inner wall of the sampling cylinder.

[0005] However, while the arc-shaped protrusions reduce the risk of the sample falling out of the sampling cylinder, they will inevitably increase the difficulty of the sample sliding into the sampling cylinder during sampling and the sample sliding out of the sampling cylinder when releasing the sample. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the disadvantages in the prior art that in order to reduce the risk of the sample falling out of the sampling cylinder, arc-shaped protrusions are provided, which will increase the difficulty of the sample sliding into the sampling cylinder during sampling and the sample sliding out of the sampling cylinder when releasing the sample, the present invention provides a sampling device for road engineering inspection that facilitates the sample to slide into or out of the drill cylinder and can limit the sample from slipping out of the drill cylinder during the process of the drill cylinder rising and separating from the road surface after sampling.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions: A sampling device for road engineering inspection, including a base, a mounting frame vertically and liftably arranged on the base, and a drill cylinder rotatably connected to the mounting frame, characterized in that the sampling device further includes: A rolling assembly, which facilitates the sample to slide into or out of the drill cylinder when sampling or releasing the sample; Clamping assembly: restricts the relative movement between the sample and the drill tube when transferring the sample, including a clamping plate and a control assembly, the clamping plate is sealed and retracted on the inner wall of the drill tube, and the control assembly controls the clamping plate to clamp the sample when it is partially extended or to be separated from the sample when it is retracted; The control component includes a sealing ring, a driving structure, a switching structure, a limiting structure, a normal pressure recovery structure and a third elastic member. The sealing ring elastically seals and rises and falls on the upper end surface of the drill barrel. When the drill barrel rotates and descends, the driving structure drives the sealing ring to descend relative to the drill barrel to generate and store positive pressure in the drill barrel shell; when the drill barrel descends to a preset position, the switching structure releases the positive pressure, drives the clamping plate to partially extend to clamp the sample, and drives the limiting structure to take effect to limit the relative movement of the sealing ring and the drill barrel; when the drill barrel rises, the driving structure disengages from the sealing ring; when the drill barrel rises to the initial position, the normal pressure recovery structure restores the normal pressure on the clamping plate and controls the limiting structure to unlock, and the third elastic member drives the clamping plate to retract.

[0008] With the above solution, when the drill tube rotates and descends to drill and sample the road, the cylindrical sample formed by cutting slides into the drill tube through the rolling assembly, and at the same time, the driving structure drives the sealing ring to descend relative to the drill tube, generating and storing positive pressure in the drill tube shell. When the drill tube descends to the preset position, that is, when the sampling is completed, the switching structure switches, so that the positive pressure stored in the drill tube shell is released, and a part of the released positive pressure drives the clamping plate to partially extend and abut against the outer ring wall of the sample, that is, the clamping plate clamps the sample, preventing the sample from detaching from the drill tube when the drill tube rises and resets and falling into the road, which is difficult to clamp. At this time, the third elastic member deforms to generate a reset elastic force; another part of the positive pressure drives the limiting structure to take effect, limiting the relative movement of the sealing ring and the drill tube, and the clamping plate is always subjected to positive pressure, so that the clamping plate maintains the state of clamping the sample. After sampling is completed and the clamping plate clamps the sample, the drill barrel rises and resets, and the driving structure rises and resets and disengages from the sealing ring. At this time, due to the existence of the limiting structure, the sample is still clamped by the clamping plate until it rises to the initial position, and the normal pressure recovery structure restores the positive pressure on the clamping plate to normal pressure. At this time, under the action of the reset elastic force of the third elastic member, the clamping plate retracts and disengages from the sample, and the sample slides out of the drill barrel under the cooperation of its own gravity and the rolling assembly. The operator can receive the sample that slides out of the drill barrel. The rolling assembly facilitates the sample to slide in or out of the drill barrel, and the clamping assembly can limit the sample from escaping from the drill barrel during the transportation process when the drill barrel completes sampling and rises away from the road surface.

[0009] Preferably, the switching structure includes an annular groove recessed on the upper end surface of the drill barrel for the sealing ring to lift and lower, an expansion groove recessed on the inner wall of the drill barrel for the clamping plate to expand and contract, and a sliding groove sealably connected to the annular groove and the expansion groove. A sealing block that can connect or disconnect the annular groove and the expansion groove and a movable structure for controlling the movement of the sealing block are provided in the sliding groove for sealed movement.

[0010] With the above solution, the moving structure controls the movement of the blocking block. When the blocking block moves to disconnect the ring groove and the telescopic groove, the sealing ring descends, compressing the air in the ring groove to form a positive pressure and storing it in the ring groove; conversely, when the blocking block moves to connect the ring groove and the telescopic groove through the sliding groove, the compressed air in the ring groove enters the telescopic groove through the sliding groove, driving a part of the clamping plate to extend out.

[0011] Preferably, the moving structure includes a driving block elastically lifted and lowered on the inner top wall of the drill pipe, a driving inclined surface arranged between the driving block and the blocking block that drives the blocking block to move to connect the ring groove and the sliding groove when the driving block rises, and a first elastic member that drives the blocking block to move to disconnect the ring groove and the sliding groove when the driving block descends. The lifting and lowering of the driving block is controlled by the movement of the sample approaching or departing from the inner top wall of the drill pipe.

[0012] With the above solution, during the process of the sample sliding into the drill pipe to the preset position, the sample squeezes the driving block on the inner top wall of the drill pipe, driving the driving block to rise. And under the action of the driving inclined surface, the blocking block is driven to move horizontally to make the ring groove and the telescopic groove connected through the sliding groove. At this time, the first elastic member deforms to generate a restoring elastic force. Conversely, when the sample slides out of the drill pipe, the extrusion resistance from the sample on the driving block disappears, the driving block descends and resets, and the blocking block moves reversely and resets under the restoring elastic force of the first elastic member to disconnect the ring groove and the telescopic groove.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting structure includes a locking block elastically stretched and retracted on the inner wall of the ring groove that is inserted into the sealing ring when it extends partially and disengages from the sealing ring when it retracts, and a moving groove recessed on the inner wall of the ring groove for the locking block to seal and stretch and hermetically connected to the telescopic groove.

[0014] With the above solution, since the moving groove and the telescopic groove are connected, when the ring groove and the telescopic groove are connected, that is, the moving groove, the telescopic groove and the ring groove are connected at the same time, a part of the compressed air in the ring groove enters the telescopic groove to drive a part of the clamping plate to extend out, and the other part enters the moving groove to drive the locking block to extend partially and insert into the side wall of the sealing ring, thereby restricting the relative movement between the sealing ring and the ring groove and maintaining the positive pressure state among the moving groove, the telescopic groove and the ring groove.

[0015] Preferably, the driving structure includes a driving plate vertically lifted and lowered below the mounting frame with a lifting speed greater than that of the mounting frame, a driving ring fixed to the bottom of the driving plate and concentric with the drill pipe, and a lifting structure for driving the driving plate to lift and lower. One end of the driving ring away from the driving plate is inserted into the ring groove and is in rolling fit with the sealing ring.

[0016] With the above - mentioned solution, the installation frame descends, driving the drill barrel mounted on it to descend. While the installation frame descends, the driving plate and the driving ring also descend, and the descending speed of the driving plate and the driving ring is greater than that of the installation frame. Since the bottom of the driving ring fits against the upper end face of the sealing ring, the sealing ring can be driven to descend relative to the annular groove. At the same time, since the drill barrel needs to rotate and descend, the driving ring, the drill barrel, the annular groove and the sealing ring are concentrically arranged, and the bottom of the driving ring is in rolling fit with the sealing ring to ensure the smooth rotation of the drill barrel.

[0017] Preferably, the lifting structure includes a first lead screw rotatably arranged on the base to drive the lifting of the driving plate and a rotating structure for controlling the rotation of the first lead screw.

[0018] With the above - mentioned solution, the driving plate is vertically guided and slides on the base, and the first lead screw is in threaded fit with the driving plate. Therefore, driving the first lead screw to move by the rotating structure can achieve the vertical guided lifting of the driving plate.

[0019] Preferably, a second lead screw for driving the lifting of the installation frame is rotatably arranged on the base. The rotating structure includes a driving motor for driving the rotation of the second lead screw, a second gear concentrically and fixedly arranged on the second lead screw, and a first gear concentrically and fixedly arranged on the first lead screw and meshing with the second gear.

[0020] With the above - mentioned solution, the driving motor drives the second lead screw to rotate. Through the meshing of the second gear and the first gear, the first lead screw and the second lead screw are driven to rotate in opposite directions. By setting the threads of the first lead screw and the second lead screw in opposite directions, it is ensured that the driving plate and the installation frame rise or fall simultaneously.

[0021] Preferably, a second elastic member is provided between the sealing ring and the annular groove to drive the sealing ring to rise and reset after the resistance on the sealing ring from the driving ring and the locking block disappears.

[0022] With the above - mentioned solution, when the sealing ring descends, the second elastic member deforms to generate a reset elastic force; when the driving ring rises and disengages from the sealing ring, the resistance on the sealing ring from the driving ring disappears. Subsequently, the locking block retracts and disengages from the sealing ring to unlock, and the resistance on the sealing ring from the locking block also disappears. The sealing ring rises and resets under the action of the reset elastic force of the second elastic member until the upper end face of the sealing ring rolls and fits against the bottom of the driving ring again.

[0023] Preferably, the clamping plate is in an arc shape concentric with the drill barrel, and the side wall of the clamping plate close to the sample is rough and frosted.

[0024] With the above - mentioned solution, the arc - shaped setting of the clamping plate increases the contact area between the clamping plate and the sample, and the side of the clamping plate close to the sample is frosted, increasing the friction between the clamping plate and the sample. The above settings are all to increase the ability of the clamping plate to hold the sample and reduce the risk of the sample falling.

[0025] Preferably, the rolling component includes a first rolling body partially embedded in the inner wall of the drill cylinder and rollingly engaged with the drill cylinder.

[0026] With the above solution, when the sample slides into or out of the drill cylinder, the outer ring wall of the sample rolls against the first rolling body and does not directly contact the inner wall of the drill cylinder, converting sliding friction into rolling friction and reducing the frictional force, thus making it smoother for the sample to slide into or out of the drill cylinder.

[0027] Preferably, the atmospheric pressure recovery structure includes a vent hole communicating with the outside provided on the annular wall of the annular groove between the side of the sealing ring away from the mounting bracket and the bottom of the annular groove, and a plugging member for opening or closing the vent hole.

[0028] With the above solution, after the drill cylinder rises to the initial position, the operator opens the plugging member, enabling the annular groove to communicate with the outside through the vent hole. Since the moving groove, the telescopic groove, and the annular groove are in communication, the atmospheric pressure in the moving groove, the telescopic groove, and the annular groove is restored, the clamping plate and the locking block both elastically retract and reset, and the sealing ring elastically rises and resets.

[0029] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has remarkable technical effects: during the process of the drill cylinder rotating and descending for sampling, the sample rolls and cooperates with the first rolling body and slides into the drill cylinder. Before the sample enters the drill cylinder to the preset position, the plugging block is located at a position where the annular groove and the telescopic groove are not in communication. The driving plate and the driving ring descend to drive the sealing ring to seal and descend in the annular groove, squeezing the air in the annular groove, thereby generating and storing positive pressure in the annular groove. When the sample enters the drill cylinder to the preset position, the sample squeezes the driving block to rise, driving the plugging block to move to a position where the annular groove and the telescopic groove are in communication. A part of the compressed air in the annular groove enters the telescopic groove, driving the clamping plate to partially extend out to clamp the sample, and the other part drives the locking block to partially extend out and insert into the sealing ring to limit the relative movement between the sealing ring and the annular groove. After sampling is completed, the drill cylinder rises, the driving plate and the driving ring rise and disengage from the sealing ring. After the drill cylinder rises to the initial position, the plugging member is opened, and the atmospheric pressure in the moving groove, the telescopic groove, and the annular groove is restored. The clamping plate and the locking block both elastically retract and reset, and the sealing ring elastically rises and resets. The sample rolls and cooperates with the first rolling body and slides out of the drill cylinder. The rolling component ensures the convenience of the sample sliding into or out of the drill cylinder, and the clamping component can limit the sample from slipping out of the drill cylinder during the sample transfer process when the drill cylinder rises and disengages from the road surface after sampling. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a sampling device for road engineering detection in the embodiment; Figure 2 is a top view of a sampling device for road engineering detection in the embodiment; Figure 3 is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along line A - A in Figure 4 isFigure 3 Enlarged view at position B in Figure 5 is Figure 4 Enlarged view at position C in Figure 6 is Figure 4 Enlarged view at position D in Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of the positive pressure generated and stored in the annular groove in a sampling device for road engineering detection in the embodiment; Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view of the switching structure in a sampling device for road engineering detection in the embodiment when switching to positive pressure release to drive the clamping assembly to clamp the sample and the limiting structure to limit the movement of the sealing ring; Figure 9 is Figure 8 Enlarged view at position E in Figure 10 is Figure 8 Enlarged view at position F in Figure 11 is a partial enlarged view of a sampling device for road engineering detection in the embodiment when it is reset to the initial position after sampling and the normal pressure recovery component is not opened; Figure 12 is an exploded view of a sampling device for road engineering detection in the embodiment; Figure 13 is Figure 12 Enlarged view at position G in

[0031] The names of the parts referred to by each digital label in the above drawings are as follows: 1. Base; 2. Mounting frame; 3. Second lead screw; 4. Driving motor; 5. Drilling barrel; 6. Rotating motor; 7. Sealing ring; 8. Annular groove; 9. Second spring; 10. Clamping plate; 11. Telescopic groove; 12. Third tension spring; 13. Sliding groove; 14. First air passage; 15. Second air passage; 16. Plugging block; 17. Driving block; 18. Guide through groove; 19. Fourth spring; 20. Insertion slot; 21. Driving inclined surface; 22. First spring; 23. Locking groove; 24. Locking block; 25. Moving groove; 26. Third air passage; 27. Fifth tension spring; 28. Driving plate; 29. First avoidance groove; 30. Second avoidance groove; 31. First lead screw; 32. First gear; 33. Second gear; 34. Driving ring; 35. Second ball; 36. Rolling groove; 37. First ball; 38. Vent hole; 39. Plugging member; 40. Fixed frame; 41. Sample; 42. Lifting groove; 43. Cutting teeth. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. Embodiment

[0033] A sampling device for road engineering inspection, referring to Figures 1 to 13 , including a base 1, the base 1 can be fixed on the road surface, and the base 1 and the road surface are fixed by bolts, which is a conventional technical means and will not be elaborated here. A fixing frame 40 is fixedly arranged on the base 1. A first lead screw 31 and a second lead screw 3 are vertically rotatably arranged between the fixing frame 40 and the base 1. A driving motor 4 is fixedly arranged at one end of the fixing frame 40 away from the base 1, and the output shaft of the driving motor 4 is fixedly connected to the second lead screw 3. A first gear 32 is concentrically and fixedly arranged on the first lead screw 31, a second gear 33 is concentrically and fixedly arranged on the second lead screw 3, and the second gear 33 meshes with the first gear 32. In this embodiment, both the first lead screw 31 and the second lead screw 3 are rotatably connected to the fixing frame 40 and the base 1 through bearings, the output shaft of the driving motor 4 is connected to the second lead screw 3 through a coupling, the first lead screw 31 is fixedly welded to the first gear 32, and the second lead screw 3 is fixedly welded to the second gear 33. The driving motor 4, the bearings, the coupling, and the specific setting methods of the above three are all conventional technical means, which are simplified and shown in the figure and will not be elaborated here.

[0034] The mounting frame 2 is vertically arranged on the base 1 in a lifting manner. One end of the mounting frame 2 is inserted into the fixing frame 40 and is vertically guided and slidably matched with the fixing frame 40. The second lead screw 3 passes through the mounting frame 2 and is threadedly matched with the mounting frame 2, so that when the second lead screw 3 rotates, it can drive the mounting frame 2 to vertically lift. A rotating motor 6 is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the mounting frame 2 outside the fixing frame 40. After the lower end of the output shaft of the rotating motor 6 passes through the mounting frame 2 downward, it is concentrically and fixedly connected to a drill barrel 5 with an opening facing downward below the mounting frame 2. Cutting teeth 43 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the drill barrel 5 at the opening of the drill barrel 5 close to the ground. The settings of the drill barrel 5 and the cutting teeth 43 are conventional technical means and will not be elaborated here. In this embodiment, the lower end of the output shaft of the rotating motor 6 is fixedly welded to the upper end surface of the drill barrel 5, and the output shaft of the rotating motor 6 is rotatably matched with the mounting frame 2 through a bearing.

[0035] It also includes a control module that is signal electrically connected to the driving motor 4 and the rotating motor 6 for controlling the opening and closing of the driving motor 4 and the rotating motor 6. The control module, and the control methods and programs among the driving motor 4, the rotating motor 6, and the control module are all existing technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0036] A drive plate 28 is horizontally arranged between the mounting frame 2 and the drill barrel 5. One end of the drive plate 28 is inserted into the fixed frame 40 and is in vertical guiding and sliding fit with the fixed frame 40. The first lead screw 31 passes through the drive plate 28 and is in threaded fit with the drive plate 28, so that when the first lead screw 31 rotates, it can drive the drive plate 28 to vertically rise and fall. A second avoidance groove 30 is provided on the drive plate 28 outside the fixed frame 40 for the output shaft of the rotation motor 6 to pass through and vertically slide. In this embodiment, guide block and slide rail guiding and sliding structures are respectively arranged between the mounting frame 2 and the fixed frame 40 and between the drive plate 28 and the fixed frame 40, for realizing the vertical guiding and sliding fit between the mounting frame 2 and the fixed frame 40 and between the drive plate 28 and the fixed frame 40. The guiding and sliding fit mode of the guide block and the slide rail is a conventional technical means, which is not shown in the figure and will not be elaborated here.

[0037] In this embodiment, the second lead screw 3 is located between the first lead screw 31 and the drill barrel 5. Therefore, a first avoidance groove 29 is provided on the drive plate 28 for the second lead screw 3 to pass through and vertically slide. The first gear 32 and the second gear 33 are exactly the same. The thread setting directions of the first lead screw 31 and the second lead screw 3 are opposite, that is, the helix directions of the first lead screw 31 and the second lead screw 3 are opposite, and the pitch of the first lead screw 31 is slightly larger than the pitch of the second lead screw 3, so as to ensure that when the drive motor 4 drives the second lead screw 3 to rotate, the mounting frame 2 and the drive plate 28 rise or fall simultaneously, and the lifting speed of the drive plate 28 is slightly greater than the lifting speed of the mounting frame 2. There is enough space between the mounting frame 2 and the drill barrel 5 for the drive plate 28 to rise and fall between them.

[0038] On the side of the driving board 28 away from the mounting frame 2, a driving ring 34 is fixedly arranged. The driving ring 34 is sleeved outside the output shaft of the rotating motor 6 and is concentrically arranged with the drilling cylinder 5. A ring groove 8 is concavely arranged concentrically on the upper end surface of the drilling cylinder 5. One end of the driving ring 34 away from the driving board 28 is inserted into the ring groove 8. A second rolling body is arranged on the side of the driving ring 34 away from the driving board 28. In this embodiment, the second rolling body is a second ball 35 partially embedded in the driving ring 34. A sealing ring 7 is arranged in the ring groove 8 in a sealed and lifting manner. An annular rolling groove 36 concentric with the drilling cylinder 5 is concavely arranged on the upper end surface of the sealing ring 7. The second ball 35 can be inserted into the rolling groove 36 and abutted against the bottom of the rolling groove 36 for rolling cooperation, so as to realize the rolling fit between the driving ring 34 and the sealing ring 7; the second ball 35 can also be separated from the rolling groove 36 to realize the separation between the driving ring 34 and the sealing ring 7. A second elastic member is arranged between the ring groove 8 and the sealing ring 7. In this embodiment, the second elastic member is a second spring 9. The second spring 9 is arranged along the lifting direction of the sealing ring 7, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected with the bottom of the ring groove 8 and the side of the sealing ring 7 away from the driving ring 34. When the second spring 9 is in an initial state, the sealing ring 7 is located at the maximum stroke away from the bottom of the ring groove 8. In this embodiment, by arranging a guide block and a guide groove in a sealing and guiding sliding fit between the sealing ring 7 and the ring groove 8, the sealing and vertical guiding lift between the sealing ring 7 and the ring groove 8 is realized. The setting method of the guide block and the guide groove is a conventional technical means and is not shown in the figure and will not be elaborated here.

[0039] A first rolling body is arranged on the inner wall of the drilling cylinder 5. In this embodiment, the first rolling body is a first ball 37 partially embedded in the drilling cylinder 5. A plurality of first balls 37 are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the drilling cylinder 5. In this embodiment, 4 are arranged. The road surface layer is cut to form a cylindrical sample 41 and enters the drilling cylinder 5. The diameter of the cylindrical sample 41 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the drilling cylinder 5 and is the same as the diameter of the circle formed by one end opposite to a plurality of first balls 37, so that when the sample 41 enters the drilling cylinder 5, the outer ring wall of the sample 41 is in rolling fit with the first balls 37 and is not in contact with the inner wall of the drilling cylinder 5. A plurality of groups of the annularly arranged first balls 37 are spaced along the axial direction of the drilling cylinder 5. In this embodiment, 6 groups are arranged.

[0040] The inner wall of the drill cylinder 5 is recessed with a telescopic groove 11. A clamping plate 10 is hermetically and telescopically arranged in the telescopic groove 11. The clamping plate 10 is in an arc shape concentric with the drill cylinder 5, and the side of the clamping plate 10 close to the sample 41 is in a frosted shape. A third elastic member is arranged between the telescopic groove 11 and the clamping plate 10. In this embodiment, the third elastic member is a third tension spring 12. The third tension spring 12 is arranged along the telescopic direction of the clamping plate 10, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic groove 11 and the side of the clamping plate 10 away from the sample 41. When the third tension spring 12 is in an initial state, the clamping plate 10 is completely received in the telescopic groove 11. At least two groups of the clamping plate 10, the telescopic groove 11 and the third tension spring 12 are evenly spaced circumferentially around the sample 41. In this embodiment, two groups are arranged.

[0041] A sliding groove 13 is formed in the hollow inside of the shell of the drill cylinder 5. A first air passage 14 communicating with the sliding groove 13 is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic groove 11, and a second air passage 15 communicating with the sliding groove 13 is arranged at the bottom of the annular groove 8. A plugging block 16 that can approach or move away from the first air passage 14 is hermetically and slidably arranged in the sliding groove 13. The plugging block 16 can move close to the first air passage 14 to hermetically block the first air passage 14. At this time, the plugging block 16 also simultaneously seals and blocks the second air passage 15, that is, disconnects the communication between the annular groove 8 and the telescopic groove 11; on the contrary, the plugging block 16 can move away from the first air passage 14 to expose the first air passage 14. At this time, the plugging block 16 also simultaneously exposes a part of the second air passage 15, that is, enables the annular groove 8 and the telescopic groove 11 to be communicated through the sliding groove 13. A first elastic member is arranged between the plugging block 16 and the sliding groove 13. In this embodiment, the first elastic member is a first spring 22. The first spring 22 is arranged along the moving direction of the plugging block 16, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the side of the plugging block 16 away from the first air passage 14 and the side of the sliding groove 13 away from the first air passage 14. When the first spring 22 is in an initial state, the plugging block 16 seals and blocks the first air passage 14 and the second air passage 15.

[0042] The inner top wall of the drill cylinder 5 is concavely provided with a lifting groove 42 upwards. A driving block 17 is vertically lifted and arranged in the lifting groove 42. A fourth elastic member is arranged between the driving block 17 and the lifting groove 42. In this embodiment, the fourth elastic member is a fourth spring 19. The fourth spring 19 is arranged along the lifting direction of the driving block 17, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting groove 42 and the driving block 17. When the fourth spring 19 is in an initial state, a part of the driving block 17 extends out of the lifting groove 42. A guiding through groove 18 communicating with the sliding groove 13 is vertically arranged upwards at the bottom of the lifting groove 42. During the movement of the blocking block 16, the guiding through groove 18 is not communicated with the annular groove 8 and the telescopic groove 11 all the time. The cross-section of the driving block 17 is arranged in an "inverted T shape", and one end of the driving block 17 far away from the sample 41 passes through the guiding through groove 18 and is inserted into the blocking block 16. A slot 20 for the end part of the driving block 17 to be inserted is concavely arranged at the bottom of the blocking block 16. The guiding sliding fit between the driving block 17 and the guiding through groove 18 realizes the vertical lifting of the driving block 17. A driving inclined surface 21 is arranged between one end of the driving block 17 far away from the sample 41 and the slot 20. When the driving block 17 rises, the blocking block 16 is driven to move away from the first air passage 14 through the driving inclined surface 21, so as to drive the first spring 22 to deform and generate a reset elastic force. In this embodiment, driving inclined surfaces 21 are arranged on both the driving block 17 and the slot 20, and are respectively arranged on the sides of the driving block 17 and the slot 20 close to the first spring 22. The driving inclined surface 21 arranged on the driving block 17 is inclined away from the first spring 22 gradually from the side close to the sample 41 to the side far away from the sample 41, and the driving inclined surface 21 arranged on the slot 20 is inclined close to the first spring 22 gradually from the side far away from the sample 41 to the side close to the sample 41.

[0043] At least one group of the sliding groove 13, the first air passage 14, the second air passage 15, the blocking block 16, the slot 20, the first spring 22, the lifting groove 42, the driving block 17, the fourth spring 19, the guiding through groove 18 and the driving inclined surface 21 are arranged at intervals around the axis of the drill cylinder 5. In this embodiment, two groups are arranged at uniform intervals.

[0044] A moving groove 25 is recessed in the annular wall of the annular groove 8. A third air passage 26 communicating with the first air passage 14 is arranged at the bottom of the moving groove 25. A locking block 24 is hermetically and telescopically arranged in the moving groove 25. A fifth elastic member is arranged between the locking block 24 and the moving groove 25. In this embodiment, the fifth elastic member is a fifth tension spring 27. The fifth tension spring 27 is arranged along the telescopic direction of the locking block 24, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving groove 25 and the side of the locking block 24 away from the sealing ring 7. When the fifth tension spring 27 is in an initial state, the locking block 24 is completely received in the moving groove 25. A locking groove 23 for inserting a part of the locking block 24 protruding from the moving groove 25 is recessed in the outer annular wall of the sealing ring 7, and the locking groove 23 is slightly larger than the locking block 24 to facilitate the insertion of the locking block 24. A plurality of locking grooves 23 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the sealing ring 7. In this embodiment, two locking grooves 23 are arranged. At least one group of the moving groove 25, the locking block 24, the locking groove 23, the fifth tension spring 27 and the third air passage 26 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the drill pipe 5. In this embodiment, two groups are arranged at uniform intervals.

[0045] At a position on the annular wall of the annular groove 8 close to the bottom of the annular groove 8, a vent hole 38 communicating with the outside is arranged, and the vent hole 38 is matched with a plugging member 39 for opening or closing the vent hole 38. In this embodiment, the plugging member 39 is in sealing thread fit with the vent hole 38.

[0046] The specific use steps of the sampling device are as follows: Fix the base 1 on the road surface. The drill pipe 5 is stationary at the initial position. At this time, the distance between the inner top wall of the drill pipe 5 and the bottom of the cutting teeth 43 is greater than the distance between the bottom of the cutting teeth 43 and the road surface. Measure the distance between the inner top wall of the drill pipe 5 and the road surface, calculate the preset displacement value that the drill pipe 5 needs to descend and input it into the control module, so that the drill pipe 5 can be stationary at the preset position after descending the preset displacement. All the sample 41 enters the drill pipe 5, and the upper end surface of the sample 41 squeezes the driving block 17 to rise, so as to drive the plugging block 16 to move to connect the annular groove 8 and the telescopic groove 11.

[0047] Start the driving motor 4 and the rotating motor 6 to rotate forward through the control module. The drill pipe 5, the second lead screw 3 and the first lead screw 31 rotate. The mounting frame 2 and the driving plate 28 descend, and the descending speed of the driving plate 28 is slightly greater than the descending speed of the mounting frame 2. The driving ring 34 and the sealing ring 7 are in rolling fit, so that the drill pipe 5 can rotate smoothly, and at the same time, the sealing ring 7 is driven to descend vertically, so that a positive pressure is generated and stored in the annular groove 8. At the same time, the drill pipe 5 rotates and descends, and the cutting teeth 43 cut the road surface layer to form a cylindrical sample 41. The sample 41 is in rolling fit with the first ball 37 and slides into the drill pipe 5.

[0048] The drill barrel 5 continues to rotate and descend. The sample 41 completely enters the drill barrel 5, and the upper end face of the sample 41 presses against the driving block 17, driving the driving block 17 to rise. Under the action of the driving inclined surface 21, the blocking block 16 moves away from the first air passage 14 until the first air passage 14 and the second air passage 15 are connected. At this time, it is the preset position for the drill barrel 5 to descend, and the control module controls the driving motor 4 and the rotating motor 6 to stop operating. After the first air passage 14 and the second air passage 15 are connected through the sliding groove 13, a part of the compressed gas in the annular groove 8 enters the telescopic groove 11, driving the splint 10 to partially extend to clamp the sample 41, and the other part enters the moving groove 25. At this time, if the locking block 24 is exactly opposite to the locking groove 23, the positive pressure drives the locking block 24 to partially extend and insert into the locking groove 23, restricting the relative movement of the sealing ring 7 and the annular groove 8 to keep the splint 10 clamping the sample 41; if the locking block 24 is not opposite to the locking groove 23, the positive pressure drives the locking block 24 to abut against the side wall of the sealing ring 7.

[0049] The control module starts the driving motor 4 to reverse, the second lead screw 3 and the first lead screw 31 rotate, the mounting bracket 2 and the driving plate 28 rise, and the rising speed of the driving plate 28 is slightly greater than the rising speed of the mounting bracket 2. The driving ring 34 is separated from the sealing ring 7, and the resistance from the driving block 17 on the sealing ring 7 disappears. If the locking block 24 is inserted into the locking groove 23, the sealing ring 7 and the annular groove 8 remain stationary. If the locking block 24 abuts against the side wall of the sealing ring 7, the sealing ring 7 rises a small distance relative to the annular groove 8 under the action of the second spring 9 until the locking groove 23 closest to the locking block 24 moves to be opposite to the locking block 24, and then the locking block 24 is driven by the positive pressure to partially extend and insert into the locking groove 23, restricting the sealing ring 7 from moving further. Ensure that there is still sufficient positive pressure inside the moving groove 25, the annular groove 8, and the telescopic groove 11 to clamp the sample 41.

[0050] When the drill barrel 5 rises to the initial position, the control module controls the driving motor 4 to stop operating, opens the blocking member 39, so that the annular groove 8, the telescopic groove 11, and the moving groove 25 return to normal pressure. The third tension spring 12 drives the splint 10 to retract and separate from the sample 41, and the fifth tension spring 27 drives the locking block 24 to retract and separate from the sealing ring 7. The sample 41 smoothly slides out of the drill barrel 5 under the action of its own gravity and the first ball 37. After the resistance from the sample 41 on the driving block 17 disappears, the fourth spring 19 drives the driving block 17 to descend and reset, and the first spring 22 drives the blocking block 16 to move to disconnect the annular groove 8 and the telescopic groove 11. After the second spring 9 drives the sealing ring 7 to rise to roll and fit with the second ball 35, the blocking member 39 blocks the vent hole 38, and the sampling device is restored to wait for the next sampling.

[0051] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sampling device for road engineering inspection, comprising a base (1), a mounting frame (2) vertically raised and lowered on the base (1), and a drill tube (5) rotatably connected to the mounting frame (2), characterized in that: The sampling device also includes: A rolling assembly to facilitate the sample (41) to slide into or out of the drill tube (5) when sampling or releasing the sample (41); A clamping assembly; when transferring the sample (41), the relative movement between the sample (41) and the drill tube (5) is limited, and the clamping assembly comprises a clamping plate (10) and a control assembly, wherein the clamping plate (10) is sealed and retracted on the inner wall of the drill tube (5), and the control assembly controls the clamping plate (10) to clamp the sample (41) when it is partially extended or to be separated from the sample (41) when it is retracted; The control component comprises a sealing ring (7), a driving structure, a switching structure, a limiting structure, a normal pressure recovery structure and a third elastic member. The sealing ring (7) is elastically sealed and lifted on the upper end surface of the drill tube (5). When the drill tube (5) rotates and descends, the driving structure drives the sealing ring (7) to descend relative to the drill tube (5) to generate and store positive pressure in the shell of the drill tube (5); when the drill tube (5) descends to a preset position, the switching structure releases the positive pressure, drives the clamping plate (10) to partially extend to clamp the sample (41), and drives the limiting structure to take effect to limit the relative movement of the sealing ring (7) and the drill tube (5); when the drill tube (5) rises, the driving structure is separated from the sealing ring (7); when the drill tube (5) rises to the initial position, the normal pressure recovery structure restores the normal pressure on the clamping plate (10) and controls the limiting structure to unlock, and the third elastic member drives the clamping plate (10) to retract.

2. A sampling device for road engineering detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching structure comprises an annular groove (8) recessed on the upper end surface of the drill tube (5) for the sealing ring (7) to be sealed and lifted, a telescopic groove (11) recessed on the inner wall of the drill tube (5) for the clamping plate (10) to be sealed and extended, and a sliding groove (13) sealed and connected to the annular groove (8) and the telescopic groove (11), a sealing block (16) which can connect or disconnect the annular groove (8) and the telescopic groove (11) and a moving structure for controlling the movement of the sealing block (16) are provided in the sliding groove (13).

3. A sampling device for road engineering detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving structure comprises a driving block (17) elastically raised and lowered on the inner top wall of the drill tube (5), a driving inclined surface (21) arranged between the driving block (17) and the blocking block (16) and driving the blocking block (16) to move to connect the annular groove (8) and the sliding groove (13) when the driving block (17) rises, and a first elastic member driving the blocking block (16) to disconnect the annular groove (8) and the sliding groove (13) when the driving block (17) descends. The raising and lowering of the driving block (17) is controlled by the movement of the sample (41) close to or away from the inner top wall of the drill tube (5).

4. A sampling device for road engineering detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting structure comprises a locking block (24) elastically arranged on the inner wall of the annular groove (8), which is partially extended and plugged into the sealing ring (7) when extended and is separated from the sealing ring (7) when retracted, and a moving groove (25) recessed on the inner wall of the annular groove (8) for sealing extension of the locking block (24) and sealedly connected to the expansion groove (11).

5. A sampling device for road engineering detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving structure comprises a driving plate (28) which is vertically lifted and arranged below the mounting frame (2) and has a lifting speed greater than the lifting speed of the mounting frame (2), a driving ring (34) which is fixed to the bottom of the driving plate (28) and is concentric with the drill tube (5), and a lifting structure for driving the driving plate (28) to be lifted and lowered, wherein one end of the driving ring (34) away from the driving plate (28) is inserted into the annular groove (8) and is in rolling contact with the sealing ring (7).

6. A sampling device for road engineering detection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting structure comprises a first screw rod (31) rotatably arranged on the base (1) to drive the driving plate (28) to lift and lower, and a rotating structure for controlling the rotation of the first screw rod (31).

7. A sampling device for road engineering detection according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second screw rod (3) is rotatably arranged on the base (1) for driving the mounting frame (2) to rise and fall, and the rotating structure comprises a driving motor (4) for driving the second screw rod (3) to rotate, a second gear (33) coaxially fixedly arranged on the second screw rod (3), and a first gear (32) coaxially fixedly arranged on the first screw rod (31) and meshing with the second gear (33).

8. A sampling device for road engineering detection according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second elastic member is provided between the sealing ring (7) and the ring groove (8) for driving the sealing ring (7) to rise and reset when the resistance from the driving ring (34) and the locking block (24) on the sealing ring (7) disappears.

9. A sampling device for road engineering detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping plate (10) is in an arc shape concentric with the drill tube (5), and the side wall of the clamping plate (10) close to the sample (41) is in a rough frosted shape.

10. A sampling device for road engineering detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rolling assembly comprises a first rolling body which is partially embedded in the inner wall of the drill tube (5) and is in rolling cooperation with the drill tube (5).

11. A sampling device for road engineering detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The normal pressure recovery structure comprises a vent hole (38) connected to the outside and arranged on the ring wall of the ring groove (8) between the side of the sealing ring (7) away from the mounting frame (2) and the bottom of the ring groove (8), and a blocking member (39) capable of opening or closing the vent hole (38).

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