A method and system for continuously monitoring the improved soil bulk density of urban green spaces

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for continuously monitoring the improved soil bulk density of urban green spaces. The present invention uses a soil column device as the container basis for obtaining soil bulk density data. By simply weighing the self-weight of the soil column device and the total weight after soil improvement, observing the soil height after soil improvement, and measuring the soil volume water content, the soil bulk density can be calculated with minimal interference, avoiding the large-scale damage to the soil caused by sampling with a ring knife, which in turn affects subsequent observations, and effectively solving the problem that it is difficult to collect soil ring knife samples after applying large-particle-size and hard improvement materials to urban green space soil, which affects the determination of soil aeration porosity and infiltration rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of urban green space soil improvement, and particularly to a method and system for continuously monitoring the bulk density of improved soil in urban green spaces. Background Art

[0002] With the application of large-sized mineral improvement materials, it is crucial to measure their impact on soil physical properties, especially the bulk density of soil, for evaluating the improvement effect of the improvement materials.

[0003] Traditionally, undisturbed soil samples are usually collected using a core sampler to measure the bulk density of soil. However, this method causes significant disturbance to the soil, making it impossible to continuously observe the bulk density of soil in situ. In addition, some improvement materials have high strength, and when the core sampler comes into contact with the improvement materials, it is easy to cause displacement of the large-sized improvement materials, disturbing the soil around the improvement materials and resulting in large-scale deformation of the soil inside the core sampler, affecting the measurement of the bulk density and other physical properties of the soil. There are also some improvement materials whose strength deteriorates after being soaked in water, making it easy to break the improvement materials when collecting undisturbed soil samples, such as perlite. Although the improvement materials are light and have little impact on the detection results of the bulk density of the improved soil, they have a great impact on the measurement results of soil aeration porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new method for measuring the bulk density of soil to achieve continuous and high-precision monitoring of the bulk density of improved soil in urban green spaces. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method and system for continuously monitoring the bulk density of improved soil in urban green spaces, aiming to solve the problems of difficult collection of undisturbed soil samples and the impact on the measurement of soil aeration porosity and infiltration rate after large-sized and hard improvement materials are applied to urban green space soil.

[0005] A method for continuously monitoring the bulk density of improved soil in urban green spaces specifically includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Weigh the self-weight of the soil column device using a weighing device;

[0007] The soil column device includes a hollow container, on the inner wall of which there are vertical scale marks, and a plurality of measurable doors that can be opened or closed are arranged in the height direction of the hollow container;

[0008] S2. After uniformly mixing the soil and the improvement materials, load them into the soil column device, adjust the soil moisture, and conduct soil cultivation;

[0009] S3. After the soil is cultivated for a specific time, weigh the total weight of the soil column device using a weighing device;

[0010] S4. Read the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device;

[0011] S5. Measure the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions inside the soil column device through each measurement door and window for the doors and windows.

[0012] S6. Calculate the soil bulk density based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device, the volume of the improved soil inside the soil column device, and the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes step S7. Continue with soil cultivation, continuously repeat steps S4 - S6 to measure the soil bulk density in multiple stages, and analyze the change trend of the soil bulk density based on all the measured soil bulk density data. Judge the improvement effect of the improvement material according to the change trend of the soil bulk density.

[0014] Preferably, the specific steps for calculating the soil bulk density in step S6 based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device, the volume of the improved soil inside the soil column device, and the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions are as follows:

[0015] First, calculate the average value of the volumetric water content of the improved soil based on the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions inside the soil column device.

[0016] Then, calculate the soil moisture mass inside the soil column device based on the volume of the improved soil inside the soil column device and the average value of the volumetric water content of the improved soil.

[0017] Then, calculate the soil bulk density based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device, the volume of the improved soil inside the soil column device, and the soil moisture mass.

[0018] Preferably, the calculation formula for the soil bulk density is:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, is the total weight of the soil column device, is the self-weight of the soil column device, is the soil moisture mass inside the soil column device;

[0021] The soil moisture mass inside the soil column device

[0022]

[0023] Among them, is the volumetric water content of the improved soil measured from the i-th measurement door and window, is the volume of the improved soil inside the soil column device, is the density of water, is the number of measurement doors and windows.

[0024] Preferably, a plurality of vertical scale marks are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the inner hollow container, and the 0 scale lines of all the scale marks are at the same horizontal height;

[0025] The specific steps for reading the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device in step S4 are as follows:

[0026] Read the scale values shown on each scale mark on the inner wall of the inner hollow container respectively, calculate the average value of the scale values shown on all the scale marks, and then calculate the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device according to the obtained average value.

[0027] Preferably, the calculation formula for the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device is:

[0028]

[0029] Where, is the scale value shown on the th scale mark on the inner wall of the inner hollow container, is the inner diameter of the inner hollow container, and m is the number of scale marks provided on the inner wall of the inner hollow container.

[0030] Preferably, the inner hollow container is an inner hollow cylindrical structure made of PVC material.

[0031] Preferably, when measuring the volume water content of the improved soil through the measurement door and window in step S5, the temperature of the improved soil can also be measured.

[0032] Preferably, the improvement material is a hard improvement material with a particle size greater than 2 mm.

[0033] A system for continuously monitoring the bulk density of improved soil in urban green spaces includes a weighing device, a soil column device, a soil moisture and temperature quick detector, and a data processing device,

[0034] The weighing device is used to weigh the self-weight of the soil column device and the total weight of the soil column device after loading the soil and the improvement material and performing soil cultivation, and can transmit the measured weight data to the data processing device;

[0035] The soil column device is used to load the soil and the improvement material and serve as a container for soil cultivation. The soil column device includes an inner hollow container. Vertical scale marks for measuring the volume of the improved soil are provided on the inner wall of the inner hollow container, and a plurality of measurement doors and windows that can be opened or closed are provided in the height direction of the inner hollow container;

[0036] The soil moisture and temperature quick detector is used to measure the volume water content and / or temperature of the improved soil at different height positions inside the soil column device, and transmit the measured volume water content of the improved soil to the data processing device;

[0037] The data processing device is used to calculate the soil bulk density based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device, the volume of improved soil in the soil column device, and the water content of the improved soil at different height positions.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] 1. The present invention uses the soil column device as the container basis for obtaining soil bulk density data. By simply weighing the self-weight of the soil column device and the total weight after soil improvement, observing the height of the soil after improvement, and measuring the water content of the soil volume, the soil bulk density can be calculated with minimal interference, avoiding the large-scale damage to the soil caused by the sampling ring knife sample, thus affecting subsequent observations. It effectively solves the problem that it is difficult to collect soil ring knife samples after applying large-particle-size and hard improvement materials to urban green space soil, which affects the determination of soil aeration porosity and infiltration rate.

[0040] 2. The present invention uses the soil column device as the container basis for obtaining soil bulk density data, which is equivalent to increasing the sampling density, and the calculation result is more in line with the actual bulk density of urban green space soil.

[0041] 3. The system of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The height data of the improved soil can be directly read through the scale on the inner wall of the soil column device, and the water content of the soil volume can be directly measured through the measurement window on the soil column device. During measurement, it will not disturb the improved soil and will not damage the improvement materials, and can continue to conduct in-situ observation of the soil bulk density, thereby realizing continuous and high-precision monitoring of the bulk density of the improved soil in the green space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the system of the present invention.

[0044] The meanings of the reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:

[0045] 1. Weighing device,

[0046] 2. Soil column device, 21. Inner hollow container, 22. Measurement doors and windows, 23. Scale marks,

[0047] 3. Soil moisture and temperature quick detector,

[0048] 4. Data processing device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be described below through specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily confusing the concepts of the present invention.

[0050] The terms used in the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The singular forms "a", "the" and "said" used in the present disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0051] To better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] The present invention provides a method for continuously monitoring the improved soil bulk density of urban green spaces, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0053] S1, use the weighing device 1 to weigh the self-weight of the soil column device 2.

[0054] The soil column device 2 is used to load soil and improvement materials and serves as a container for soil cultivation.

[0055] The soil column device 2 includes an inner hollow container 21, on the inner wall of the inner hollow container 21 there are provided vertical scale marks 23, and on the height direction of the inner hollow container 21 there are provided a plurality of measurable doors and windows 22 that can be opened or closed.

[0056] Specifically, on the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the inner hollow container 21 there are evenly distributed a plurality of vertical scale marks 23, the 0 scale lines of all the scale marks are located at the bottom of the soil column device, and the measurable doors and windows 22 can be arranged between two certain scale marks 23.

[0057] Both the inner hollow container 21 and the measuring door and window 22 can be made of PVC material. The inner hollow container 21 can be designed into an inner hollow cylinder structure or other shaped structures. In this embodiment, the inner hollow container 21 is an inner hollow cylinder structure made of PVC material. Four vertical scale marks 23 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the inner hollow container 21, and three openable or closable measuring door and windows 22 are provided in the height direction. The measuring door and window 22 is hinged to the inner hollow container 21. When measurement is needed, the measuring door and window 22 is opened, and when measurement is not needed, the measuring door and window 22 is closed to prevent water and soil loss. After the measuring door and window 22 is closed, the window gap between the measuring door and window 22 and the inner hollow container 21 is covered and sealed with waterproof tape or the window gap between the measuring door and window 22 and the inner hollow container 21 is sealed by installing a sealing strip at the window edge of the measuring door and window.

[0058] S2. After mixing the soil and the improvement material evenly, load them into the soil column device 2, adjust the soil moisture, and conduct soil cultivation.

[0059] S3. After soil cultivation for a specific time, use the weighing device 1 to weigh the total weight of the soil column device 2 .

[0060] S4. Read the volume V of the improved soil in the soil column device 2 改良土 :

[0061] Specifically, read the scale values displayed by each scale mark on the inner wall of the inner hollow container respectively, calculate the average value of the scale values displayed by all the scale marks, and then calculate the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device 2 according to the obtained average value.

[0062] The calculation formula for the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device 2 is:

[0063] (1)

[0064] Where is the scale value displayed by the th scale mark on the inner wall of the inner hollow container, is the inner diameter of the inner hollow container, and m is the number of scale marks provided on the inner wall of the inner hollow container.

[0065] In this embodiment, four vertical scale marks 23 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the inner hollow container 21. Therefore, the scale values H1, H2, H3, and H4 displayed by these four scale marks 23 can be read respectively, and the scale values H1, H2, H3, and H4 and the inner diameter of the inner hollow container are substituted into the above formula (1) to calculate the volume V of the improved soil in the soil column device 2 改良土 .

[0066] S5. The improved soil volumetric water content at different height positions inside the soil column device 2 is measured respectively through each measurement door and window 22.

[0067] While measuring the improved soil volumetric water content through the measurement door and window 22, the temperature of the improved soil can also be measured.

[0068] S6. The soil bulk density is calculated based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device 2, the volume of the improved soil inside the soil column device 2, and the improved soil volumetric water content at different height positions.

[0069] Specifically, the steps for calculating the soil bulk density are as follows:

[0070] First, the average value of the improved soil volumetric water content is calculated based on the improved soil volumetric water content at different height positions inside the soil column device 2.

[0071] Then, based on the volume of the improved soil inside the soil column device 2 and the average value of the improved soil volumetric water content, the soil moisture mass inside the soil column device 2 is calculated. The formula for the soil moisture mass inside the soil column device 2 is:

[0072] (2)

[0073] where, is the improved soil volumetric water content measured from the i-th measurement door and window, is the volume of the improved soil inside the soil column device 2, is the density of water, is the number of measurement doors and windows;

[0074] Then, based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device 2, the volume of the improved soil inside the soil column device 2, and the soil moisture mass, the soil bulk density is calculated.

[0075] The formula for the soil bulk density is:

[0076] (3)

[0077] where, is the total weight of the soil column device 2, is the self-weight of the soil column device 2, is the soil moisture mass inside the soil column device 2.

[0078] In this embodiment, three measurement doors and windows 22 are provided in the height direction of the soil column device 2. Therefore, through these three measurement doors and windows 22, the volumetric water contents SW1, SW2, and SW3 of the improved soil at the height positions where the three measurement doors and windows are located (i.e., the water contents of the improved soil at different depths) can be measured respectively. The volumetric water contents SW1, SW2, and SW3 of the improved soil at three different height positions and the volume V of the improved soil in the soil column device 2 calculated in the above step S4 改良土 are substituted into formula (2), and the mass of soil moisture in the soil column device 2 can be calculated , and then the total weight of the soil column device 2 , the self-weight of the soil column device 2 , the mass of soil moisture in the soil column device 2 , and the volume V of the improved soil in the soil column device 2 改良土 are substituted into formula (3), and the soil bulk density can be calculated ρb .

[0079] Preferably, it further includes step S7 of continuously culturing the soil, repeatedly measuring the soil bulk density in multiple stages by continuously repeating steps S4 - S6, and analyzing the change trend of the soil bulk density based on all the measured soil bulk density data, and judging the improvement effect of the improvement material according to the change trend of the soil bulk density. If the change trend of the soil bulk density obtained by multiple staged measurements is gradually decreasing, it indicates that the improvement material increases the small aggregates in the soil, reduces the soil compactness, increases the soil porosity, improves the soil structure, increases the soil air permeability and water permeability, is conducive to the internal air circulation and water infiltration of the soil, and can promote the growth of plant roots; at the same time, it also indicates that the improvement material increases the organic matter content of the soil and helps to reduce the soil density.

[0080] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned improvement material is a hard improvement material with a particle size greater than 2 mm.

[0081] The present invention also provides a system for continuously monitoring the bulk density of improved soil in urban green spaces, and this system can continuously monitor the bulk density of improved soil in urban green spaces by using the above method.

[0082] Specifically, this system includes a weighing device 1, a soil column device 2, a soil moisture and temperature rapid detector 3, and a data processing device 4

[0083] The weighing device 1 is used to weigh the self-weight of the soil column device 2 and the total weight of the soil column device 2 after loading the soil and the improvement material and culturing the soil, and can transmit the measured weight data to the data processing device 4

[0084] The soil column device 2 is used to load soil and improvement materials and serve as a container for soil cultivation. The soil column device 2 includes an inner hollow container 21. Vertical scale marks 23 for measuring the volume of improved soil are provided on the inner wall of the inner hollow container 21. A plurality of openable or closable measurement doors and windows 22 are provided in the height direction of the inner hollow container 21;

[0085] The soil moisture and temperature quick measuring instrument 3 is used to measure the volumetric water content and / or temperature of the improved soil at different height positions inside the soil column device 2, and transmit the measured volumetric water content of the improved soil to the data processing device 4;

[0086] The data processing device 4 is used to calculate the soil bulk density based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device 2, the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device 2, and the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions.

[0087] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for continuously monitoring the improved soil bulk density of urban green spaces, characterized in that, Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1. Use the weighing device (1) to weigh the self-weight of the soil column device (2); The soil column device (2) includes an inner hollow container (21). Vertical scale marks (23) are provided on the inner wall of the inner hollow container (21). A plurality of measurable doors and windows (22) that can be opened or closed are provided in the height direction of the inner hollow container (21); S2. Mix the soil and the improvement material evenly and then load them into the soil column device (2). Adjust the soil moisture and conduct soil cultivation; S3. After the soil is cultivated for a specific time, use the weighing device (1) to weigh the total weight of the soil column device (2); S4. Read the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device (2); S5. Measure the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions inside the soil column device (2) through each measurable door and window (22); S6. Calculate the soil bulk density based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device (2), the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device (2), and the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions; S7. Continue the soil cultivation, continuously repeat steps S4 - S6 to measure the soil bulk density in multiple stages, and analyze the change trend of the soil bulk density based on all the measured soil bulk densities. Judge the improvement effect of the improvement material according to the change trend of the soil bulk density.

2. The method for continuously monitoring the improved soil bulk density of urban green spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for calculating the soil bulk density in step S6 based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device (2), the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device (2), and the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions are as follows: First, calculate the average value of the volumetric water content of the improved soil based on the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions inside the soil column device (2); Then, calculate the soil moisture mass in the soil column device (2) based on the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device (2) and the average value of the volumetric water content of the improved soil; Then, calculate the soil bulk density based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device (2), the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device (2), and the soil moisture mass.

3. The method for continuously monitoring the improved soil bulk density of urban green spaces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the soil bulk density is: Among them, W 总重量 is the total weight of the soil column device (2), and W 土柱 is the self-weight of the soil column device (2), and W 水 is the mass of soil moisture in the soil column device (2); The soil moisture mass W within the soil column device (2) 水 is calculated by the formula: Among them, SW i is the improved soil volumetric water content measured from the i-th measurement door and window (22), V 改良土 is the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device (2), ρ 水 is the density of water, and n is the number of measurement doors and windows (22).

4. The method for continuously monitoring the improved soil bulk density of urban green spaces according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of vertical scale marks (23) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the inner hollow container (21). The 0 scale lines of all the scale marks (23) are at the same horizontal height; The specific steps for reading the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device (2) in step S4 are as follows: Read the scale values shown on each scale mark (23) on the inner wall of the inner hollow container respectively, calculate the average value of the scale values shown on all the scale marks (23), and then calculate the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device (2) based on the obtained average value.

5. The method for continuously monitoring the improved soil bulk density of urban green spaces according to claim 4, wherein, The calculation formula for the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device (2) is: Among them, H j is the scale value displayed by the j-th scale mark (23) on the inner wall of the inner hollow container, d is the inner diameter of the inner hollow container, and m is the number of scale marks (23) provided on the inner wall of the inner hollow container.

6. The method for continuously monitoring the improved soil bulk density of urban green space according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner hollow container (21) is an inner hollow cylindrical structure made of PVC material; 7. The method for continuously monitoring the improved soil bulk density of urban green spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that When measuring the volumetric water content of the improved soil through the measurable door and window (22) in step S5, the temperature of the improved soil can also be measured; 8. The method for continuously monitoring the improved soil bulk density of urban green space according to claim 1, wherein The improvement material is a hard improvement material with a particle size greater than 2 mm; 9. A system for continuously monitoring the improved soil bulk density of urban green spaces based on the method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes a weighing device (1), a soil column device (2), a soil moisture and temperature quick detector (3), and a data processing device (4). The weighing device (1) is used to weigh the self-weight of the soil column device (2) and the total weight of the soil column device (2) loaded with soil and improvement materials after soil cultivation, and can transmit the measured weight data to the data processing device (4); The soil column device (2) is used to load soil and improvement materials and serve as a container for soil cultivation. The soil column device (2) includes an inner hollow container (21). Vertical scale marks (23) for measuring the volume of improved soil are provided on the inner wall of the inner hollow container (21). A plurality of openable or closable measurement doors and windows (22) are provided in the height direction of the inner hollow container (21); The soil moisture and temperature quick measuring instrument (3) is used to measure the volumetric water content and / or temperature of the improved soil at different height positions inside the soil column device (2), and transmit the measured volumetric water content of the improved soil to the data processing device (4); The data processing device (4) is used to calculate the soil bulk density based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device (2), the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device (2), and the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions.

Images