Switching device, power distribution assembly, battery pack, electrical device and control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a switching device, a power distribution assembly, a battery pack, a power utilization device and a control method thereof. The switching device comprises a plurality of static contacts, a first switching member and a second switching member. The plurality of static contacts comprise a first contact, a second contact, a third contact and a fourth contact. The first contact and the third contact are used for connecting with a first power supply device, and the second contact and the fourth contact are used for connecting with a second power supply device. The first switching member is movable and has a first position and a second position. In the first position, the first switching member connects the first contact and the second contact and connects the third contact and the fourth contact, and the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in parallel. The second switching member is movable and has a third position and a fourth position. In the third position, the second switching member connects the second contact and the third contact, and the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in series. According to the switching device, the structure is simple, the integration degree is high, the cost is low, the weight is light, and the occupied space is small.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application mainly relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and particularly relates to a switching device, a power distribution assembly, a battery pack, a power consumption device and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] To meet the requirements of fast charging and long endurance of the battery pack, the voltage platform of the battery pack is gradually increased. However, due to different use requirements, the battery pack needs to be switched between different voltage platforms. In the related art, three contactors are used to switch the series and parallel connection of the first power supply device and the second power supply device. For example, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are both 400V battery modules. Through the series and parallel connection of the first power supply device and the second power supply device, the working requirements of the 400V platform and the 800V platform of the battery pack can be met. However, this method has the following defects:

[0003] 1. The three contactors are used to switch the series and parallel connection, and the wiring and wiring design is complex, resulting in high structural complexity.

[0004] 2. The three contactors need to be connected by a large number of copper bars (such as connecting copper bars and fixed copper bars), which increases the weight and cost of the overall structure and affects heat dissipation. At the same time, the three contactors need six high-voltage contacts and six low-voltage control interfaces, which occupies a large space and requires high hardware.

[0005] 3. To ensure that the three contactors work in sequence, precise control logic is needed, which is complex and increases the control difficulty and reduces the reliability. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to at least solve one of the problems in the prior art. To this end, the present application provides a switching device, which has a simple structure, high integration, low cost, light weight and small space occupation.

[0007] The present application also provides a power distribution assembly, which comprises the switching device described above.

[0008] The present application also provides a battery pack, which comprises the power distribution assembly described above.

[0009] The present application also provides a power consumption device, which comprises the battery pack described above.

[0010] The present application also provides a control method for a power consumption device, which is the power consumption device described above.

[0011] The switching device according to the embodiment of the present application comprises a plurality of static contacts, a first switching piece and a second switching piece, the plurality of static contacts comprise a first contact, a second contact, a third contact and a fourth contact, the first contact and the third contact are used for connecting with a first power supply device, and the second contact and the fourth contact are used for connecting with a second power supply device; the first switching piece is movable and has a first position and a second position, in the first position, the first switching piece connects the first contact and the second contact and connects the third contact and the fourth contact, and the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in parallel, in the second position, the first switching piece is spaced apart from the first contact, the second contact, the third contact and the fourth contact; the second switching piece is movable and has a third position and a fourth position, in the third position, the second switching piece connects the second contact and the third contact, and the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in series, in the fourth position, the second switching piece is spaced apart from the second contact and the third contact.

[0012] The switching device according to the embodiment of the present application is used for connecting with a first power supply device through a first contact and a third contact, and connecting with a second power supply device through a second contact and a fourth contact, when a first switching piece is in a first position and a second switching piece is in a fourth position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in parallel, the electric quantity can be increased without changing the voltage of a battery pack, and the use requirement can be met; when the first switching piece is in a second position and the second switching piece is in a third position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in series, the voltage of the battery pack can be increased, the current flowing through is small, the heat generated is low, and the use requirement can be met; when the first switching piece is in the second position and the second switching piece is in the fourth position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are disconnected, and the breaking effect of the switching device is realized. The series connection and the parallel connection of the first power supply device and the second power supply device can be switched, three contactors in the related art are avoided for control, the structure is simple, the cost can be reduced, the integration degree can be improved, the structure is compact, the space is saved, and the weight can be reduced.

[0013] In addition, the switching device according to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application can have the following additional technical features:

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the first switching piece comprises a first sub-switching piece and a second sub-switching piece, the first sub-switching piece and the second sub-switching piece are movable, in the first position, the first sub-switching piece connects the first contact and the second contact, and the second sub-switching piece connects the third contact and the fourth contact; in the second position, the first sub-switching piece is spaced apart from the first contact and the second contact, and the second sub-switching piece is spaced apart from the third contact and the fourth contact.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the first contact and the second contact are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the moving direction of the first sub-switching element, and the fourth contact and the third contact are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the moving direction of the second sub-switching element.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the first switching element comprises a first connecting portion, a first movable contact and a second movable contact, the first connecting portion extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact and the second contact, the first movable contact and the second movable contact are connected to the two ends of the first connecting portion in the length direction, the first movable contact is adapted to be connected to the first contact, the second movable contact is adapted to be connected to the second contact, the first movable contact is arranged between the first contact and the second contact, and the second movable contact is arranged at the end of the second contact away from the first contact; and / or, the second sub-switching element comprises a second connecting portion, a third movable contact and a fourth movable contact, the second connecting portion extends along the arrangement direction of the third contact and the fourth contact, the third movable contact and the fourth movable contact are connected to the two ends of the second connecting portion in the length direction, the third movable contact is adapted to be connected to the fourth contact, the fourth movable contact is adapted to be connected to the third contact, the third movable contact is arranged between the third contact and the fourth contact, and the fourth movable contact is arranged at the end of the third contact away from the fourth contact.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the second switching element is located between the first movable contact and the second movable contact.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the switching device further comprises a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used to drive the first switching element to move between the first position and the second position, and drive the second switching element to move between the third position and the fourth position.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, the driving mechanism comprises a first magnetic portion, a second magnetic portion and a third magnetic portion, the first magnetic portion, the third magnetic portion and the second magnetic portion are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the direction from the first contact to the second contact, the polarities of the magnetic poles of the first magnetic portion and the second magnetic portion close to each other are the same in the arrangement direction of the first contact and the second contact, the polarity of the magnetic pole of the third magnetic portion is changeable, for driving the first magnetic portion and the second magnetic portion to be close to or away from the third magnetic portion, the first magnetic portion is connected to the first switching element, for driving the first switching element to move between the first position and the second position, and the second magnetic portion is connected to the second switching element, for driving the second switching element to move between the third position and the fourth position.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the driving mechanism further comprises a first sliding rail and a second sliding rail, the first sliding rail extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact and the second contact, the first magnetic part is slidable along the length direction of the first sliding rail; the second sliding rail extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact and the second contact, the second magnetic part is slidable along the length direction of the second sliding rail.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, the side of the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part close to each other is provided with an elastic member, the elastic member is used to drive the first switching part and the second switching part to move towards the direction close to the third magnetic part.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the third magnetic part comprises a core and a coil, the core extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact and the second contact; the coil surrounds the core along the arrangement direction of the first contact and the second contact, the two ends of the coil are respectively connected with a low-voltage power supply interface, when the current direction of the coil is switched, the magnetic poles of the two ends of the core change.

[0023] The power distribution assembly according to the embodiments of the present application comprises: a first power supply device and a second power supply device; the switching device according to the embodiments of the present application, the first contact and the third contact are connected with the first power supply device, the second contact and the fourth contact are connected with the second power supply device, in the first position, the first switching part connects the first contact and the second contact and connects the third contact and the fourth contact, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in parallel, in the second position, the first switching part is spaced apart from the first contact, the second contact, the third contact and the fourth contact; in the third position, the second switching part connects the second contact and the third contact, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in series, in the fourth position, the second switching part is spaced apart from the second contact and the third contact.

[0024] The power distribution assembly according to the embodiments of the present application, the first contact and the third contact are used for connecting with the first power supply device, the second contact and the fourth contact are used for connecting with the second power supply device, in the first position, the first switching part connects the first contact and the second contact and connects the third contact and the fourth contact, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in parallel; in the third position, the second switching part connects the second contact and the third contact, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in series, the series connection and the parallel connection of the first power supply device and the second power supply device can be switched, which avoids the need for three contactors for control in the related art, has a simple structure, can reduce the cost, is beneficial to improving the integration, has a compact structure, saves space, and facilitates weight reduction.

[0025] The battery pack according to the embodiment of the application comprises the power distribution assembly according to the embodiment of the application.

[0026] The battery pack according to the embodiment of the application, by the first contact and the third contact being used for connecting with the first power supply device, and the second contact and the fourth contact being used for connecting with the second power supply device, when the first switching member is in the first position and the second switching member is in the fourth position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in parallel connection, the electric quantity can be increased while ensuring the voltage of the battery pack, and the required use requirement is met; when the first switching member is in the second position and the second switching member is in the third position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in series connection, the voltage of the battery pack can be increased, the current flowing is small, the heat production is low, and the required use requirement is met; when the first switching member is in the second position and the second switching member is in the fourth position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are disconnected, and the circuit breaking effect of the switching device is realized. The series connection and the parallel connection of the first power supply device and the second power supply device can be switched, the three contactors for control in the related art are avoided, the structure is simple, the cost can be reduced, the integration degree is improved, the structure is compact, the space is saved, and the weight is reduced.

[0027] The power consumption device according to the embodiment of the application comprises the battery pack according to the embodiment of the application, and a power consumption member, one end of the power consumption member being connected with the first contact and the other end being connected with the fourth contact.

[0028] The power consumption device according to the embodiment of the application, by the first contact and the third contact being used for connecting with the first power supply device, and the second contact and the fourth contact being used for connecting with the second power supply device, when the first switching member is in the first position and the second switching member is in the fourth position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in parallel connection, the electric quantity can be increased while ensuring the voltage of the battery pack, and the required use requirement is met; when the first switching member is in the second position and the second switching member is in the third position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in series connection, the voltage of the battery pack can be increased, the current flowing is small, the heat production is low, and the required use requirement is met; when the first switching member is in the second position and the second switching member is in the fourth position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are disconnected, and the circuit breaking effect of the switching device is realized. The series connection and the parallel connection of the first power supply device and the second power supply device can be switched, the three contactors for control in the related art are avoided, the structure is simple, the cost can be reduced, the integration degree is improved, the structure is compact, the space is saved, and the weight is reduced.

[0029] The control method of the power utilization device according to an embodiment of the present application, the power utilization device being the power utilization device according to an embodiment of the present application, comprises: acquiring a required voltage of the power utilization component; and controlling the first power supply device and the second power supply device to be connected in series or in parallel according to the required voltage of the power utilization component through the first switch component.

[0030] The control method of the power utilization device according to an embodiment of the present application, the first contact and the third contact are used to be connected with the first power supply device, and the second contact and the fourth contact are used to be connected with the second power supply device, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in parallel when the first switch component is in the first position and the second switch component is in the fourth position, the power can be increased without changing the voltage of the battery pack, and the required use requirement can be met; the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in series when the first switch component is in the second position and the second switch component is in the third position, the voltage of the battery pack can be increased, the current flowing through is small, the heat generated is low, and the required use requirement can be met; the first power supply device and the second power supply device are disconnected when the first switch component is in the second position and the second switch component is in the fourth position, and the circuit breaking effect of the switching device is realized. The series and parallel connection of the first power supply device and the second power supply device can be switched, three contactors for control in the related art are avoided, the structure is simple, the cost can be reduced, the integration degree can be improved, the structure is compact, the space is saved, and the weight can be reduced.

[0031] According to some embodiments of the present application, the control method comprises:

[0032] determining that the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in series;

[0033] controlling the second switch component to be connected with the second contact and the third contact, and the first switch component to be spaced apart from the first contact, the second contact, the third contact and the fourth contact;

[0034] determining that M1 is less than or equal to a first threshold, where M1 is a potential difference between the third contact and the second contact;

[0035] determining that the first power supply device and the second power supply device are normally connected when connected in series.

[0036] According to some embodiments of the present application, the control method further comprises:

[0037] determining that the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in parallel;

[0038] controlling the first switch to connect the first contact and the second contact and to connect the third contact and the fourth contact, and controlling the second switch to be spaced apart from the second contact and the third contact;

[0039] determining that M2 is less than or equal to a second threshold value and M3 is less than or equal to a third threshold value, where M2 is a potential difference between the first contact and the second contact, and M3 is a potential difference between the third contact and the fourth contact;

[0040] determining that M1 is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold value;

[0041] determining that the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in parallel connection and the connection is normal.

[0042] According to some embodiments of the present application, the control method further comprises:

[0043] obtaining a power-off signal of the powered device;

[0044] controlling the coil to be powered off;

[0045] determining that M2 is greater than or equal to a fifth threshold value and M3 is greater than or equal to a sixth threshold value;

[0046] determining that the powered device is powered off normally.

[0047] According to some embodiments of the present application, the control method further comprises:

[0048] determining that the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in parallel connection;

[0049] controlling the first switch to connect the first contact and the second contact and to connect the third contact and the fourth contact, and controlling the second switch to be spaced apart from the second contact and the third contact;

[0050] determining that M2 is less than or equal to a second threshold value and M3 is less than or equal to a third threshold value, where M2 is a potential difference between the first contact and the second contact, and M3 is a potential difference between the third contact and the fourth contact;

[0051] determining that M1 is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold value;

[0052] determining that the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in parallel connection and the connection is normal.

[0053] According to some embodiments of the present application, the control method further comprises:

[0054] determining that the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in series connection;

[0055] controlling the first switching member to be spaced apart from the first contact, the second contact, the third contact, and the fourth contact;

[0056] determining that M2 is greater than or equal to a fifth threshold value and M3 is greater than or equal to a sixth threshold value are satisfied;

[0057] controlling the second switching member to be connected to the second contact and the third contact;

[0058] determining that M1 is less than or equal to a first threshold value is satisfied;

[0059] determining that the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in series connection when the connection is normal.

[0060] Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following and / or can be learned by practice of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0061] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily appreciated from the following description, including the appended drawings and claims.

[0062] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present application, in which the third magnetic portion is in an unpowered state;

[0063] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present application, in which the third magnetic portion is in a repelling state with the first magnetic portion;

[0064] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present application, in which the third magnetic portion is in a repelling state with the second magnetic portion;

[0065] Figure 4 is a front view of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 5 is a rear view of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present application (in which the first housing and the second housing are not shown);

[0067] Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present application in an open state;

[0068] Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present application in a parallel state;

[0069] Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present application in a series state;

[0070] Figure 9 is a schematic view of another coil winding direction of a driving mechanism of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] Figure 10 is a schematic view of another coil winding direction of a driving mechanism of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Figure 11 is a flow chart of a control method of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0073] Reference Signs:

[0074] 100, switching device; 200, first power supply device; 300, second power supply device; 400, electrical device;

[0075] 10, stationary contact; 11, first contact; 12, second contact; 13, third contact; 14, fourth contact;

[0076] 20, first switching member; 21, first sub-switching member; 22, second sub-switching member; 211, first connecting portion; 212, first movable contact; 213, second movable contact; 221, second connecting portion; 222, third movable contact; 223, fourth movable contact;

[0077] 30, second switching member;

[0078] 40, driving mechanism; 41, first magnetic portion; 42, second magnetic portion; 43, third magnetic portion; 431, core; 432, coil;

[0079] 50, elastic member; 60, first slide rail; 70, second slide rail;

[0080] 61, first housing; 62, second housing; 621, low-voltage power supply interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, wherein the same or like reference numerals in different drawings denote the same or like elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below are exemplary only, and are not to be understood as limiting the present application.

[0082] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the features defined with "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0083] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication between two elements inside. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0084] The following refers to Figures 1-10 The switching device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application is described.

[0085] As Figure 1 shown, the switching device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of static contacts 10, a first switching member 20 and a second switching member 30.

[0086] Specifically, as Figures 1-3 shown, the plurality of static contacts 10 includes a first contact 11, a second contact 12, a third contact 13 and a fourth contact 14, the first contact 11 and the third contact 13 can be connected with the first power supply device 200, the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 can be connected with the second power supply device 300, to realize the connection requirement of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 with the switching device 100.

[0087] To meet the demands of fast charging and long battery life, the voltage platform of battery packs has been gradually increased. However, due to varying usage requirements, battery packs need to switch between different voltage platforms. Related technologies use three contactors to switch between the series and parallel connections of the first and second power supply devices. For example, if both the first and second power supply devices are 400V battery modules, switching between their series and parallel connections can accommodate the battery pack's operation on both 400V and 800V platforms. However, this method has the following drawbacks:

[0088] 1. The use of three contactors for series and parallel switching results in complex wiring and cabling design, leading to high structural complexity.

[0089] 2. The three contactors need to be interconnected through a large number of copper busbars (e.g., connecting and fixing busbars). This large number of busbars increases the overall weight and cost of the structure and also affects heat dissipation. Furthermore, the three contactors require a total of six high-voltage contacts and six low-voltage control interfaces, resulting in a large space footprint and demanding hardware requirements.

[0090] 3. To ensure that the three contactors work in sequence, precise control logic is required. The control logic is relatively complex, which increases the difficulty of control and reduces reliability.

[0091] Therefore, as Figures 1-3 As shown, in this invention, the switching device 100 further includes a first switching element 20, which is movable and has a first position and a second position. In the first position, the first switching element 20 connects the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, as well as the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, connecting the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 in parallel. This increases the power capacity while ensuring the battery pack voltage remains constant, meeting the required usage needs. In the second position, the first switching element 20 is spaced apart from the first contact 11, the second contact 12, the third contact 13, and the fourth contact 14, thus disconnecting the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300.

[0092] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the switching device 100 also includes a second switching element 30. The second switching element 30 is movable and has a third position and a fourth position. In the third position, the second switching element 30 is connected to the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, and the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, which can increase the voltage of the battery pack, so that the current flowing through is small and the heat generation is low, which meets the required usage requirements. In the fourth position, the second switching element 30 is spaced apart from both the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, thereby disconnecting the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300.

[0093] When the first switching piece 20 is in the first position and the second switching piece 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in parallel, which can increase the electric quantity while ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack is unchanged, thereby meeting the required use demand; when the first switching piece 20 is in the second position and the second switching piece 30 is in the third position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in series, which can increase the voltage of the battery pack, so that the current flowing is small and the heat generated is low, thereby meeting the required use demand; when the first switching piece 20 is in the second position and the second switching piece 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are disconnected, thereby realizing the circuit breaking effect of the switching device.

[0094] The switching device 100 can realize the series and parallel switching of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300, and avoid the need for three contactors to realize control in the related art, thereby reducing the use of contactors and the structures such as copper bars, copper bar fixing structural pieces, elements, mounting brackets and control modules, so as to reduce the material and maintenance costs, reduce the number of wirings and detection points, reduce the complexity, simplify the circuit design and installation, and improve the integration, so as to save space. At the same time, since the contactors in the related art are reduced, the coils 432, contacts, housings and heat dissipation components and other structures contained in the contactors are reduced, the use of materials is reduced, and the weight of the battery pack is reduced. Therefore, the switching device 100 has higher integration, lower cost and lighter weight, and higher energy density.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are both 400V battery modules, when the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in series, the working demand of 800V platform of the battery pack is realized, the charging speed is improved, the higher voltage platform can reduce the charging current and reduce the heat loss in the charging process, which helps to improve the charging efficiency and support higher power output, such as improving the acceleration performance and power response of the vehicle; when the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in parallel, the working demand of 400V platform of the battery pack is realized, which can meet the charging demand of 400V charging pile and meet the use demand of 400V of other structures, such as meeting the power demand of electric vehicle subsystems, electronic devices or accessories.

[0096] The switching device 100 according to the embodiment of the present application, by the first contact 11 and the third contact 13 for connecting with the first power supply device 200, the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 for connecting with the second power supply device 300, when the first switching piece 20 is in the first position and the second switching piece 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in parallel, which can increase the electric quantity while ensuring the voltage of the battery pack unchanged, meeting the required use demand; when the first switching piece 20 is in the second position and the second switching piece 30 is in the third position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in series, which can increase the voltage of the battery pack, so that the current flowing is small and the heat generated is low, meeting the required use demand; when the first switching piece 20 is in the second position and the second switching piece 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are disconnected, realizing the circuit breaking effect of the switching device. The series and parallel switching of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 can be realized, avoiding the need for three contactors to realize control in the related art, the structure is simple, the cost can be reduced, the integration degree can be improved, the structure is compact, the space is saved, and the weight can be reduced.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 1-3 The first switching piece 20 includes a first sub-switching piece 21 and a second sub-switching piece 22, the first sub-switching piece 21 and the second sub-switching piece 22 are movable, in the first position, the first sub-switching piece 21 connects the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the second sub-switching piece 22 connects the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, which can realize the required connection demand, so that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in parallel; in the second position, the first sub-switching piece 21 is spaced apart from the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the second sub-switching piece 22 is spaced apart from the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, which can realize the disconnection of the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the disconnection of the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, realizing the port of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300. Therefore, by controlling the first sub-switching piece 21 and the second sub-switching piece 22, the required connection demand can be realized, and the connection switching of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 is more flexible.

[0098] Further, as shown in Figures 1-3As shown, the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the moving direction of the first sub-switching piece 21, so that the first sub-switching piece 21 can be connected or disconnected with the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 in sequence during the movement, improving the accuracy and stability of switching, and the control is more convenient. The fourth contact 14 and the third contact 13 are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the moving direction of the second sub-switching piece 22, so that the second sub-switching piece 22 can be connected or disconnected with the fourth contact 14 and the third contact 13 in sequence during the movement, improving the accuracy and stability of switching, and the control is more convenient.

[0099] In some embodiments of the application, as shown in Figures 1-3 The first sub-switching piece 21 includes a first connecting portion 211, a first movable contact 212 and a second movable contact 213. The first connecting portion 211 extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact 11 and the second contact 12. The first movable contact 212 and the second movable contact 213 are connected with both ends of the first connecting portion 211 in the length direction, so that the first sub-switching piece 21 is formed in a "U" shape structure, ensuring the structural strength of the first sub-switching piece 21, and the structure of the first sub-switching piece 21 is simple, facilitating processing and manufacturing, and reducing production cost.

[0100] In addition, as shown in Figures 4-5 The first movable contact 212 is located between the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the first movable contact 212 can be connected with the first contact 11 to meet the required connection requirement. The second movable contact 213 can be connected with the second contact 12, facilitating the connection of the second movable contact 213 with the second contact 12 to meet the required connection requirement, and ensuring the stable connection of the first sub-switching piece 21 with the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, ensuring the reliability of the connection.

[0101] In some embodiments of the application, as shown in Figures 1-3 The second sub-switching piece 22 includes a second connecting portion 221, a third movable contact 222 and a fourth movable contact 223. The second connecting portion 221 extends along the arrangement direction of the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14. The third movable contact 222 and the fourth movable contact 223 are connected with both ends of the second connecting portion 221 in the length direction, so that the second sub-switching piece 22 is formed in a "U" shape structure, ensuring the structural strength of the second sub-switching piece 22, and the structure of the second sub-switching piece 22 is simple, facilitating processing and manufacturing, and reducing production cost.

[0102] In addition, as shown in Figures 4-5As shown, the third movable contact 222 is adapted to be connected with the fourth contact 14, and the fourth movable contact 223 is adapted to be connected with the third contact 13, the third movable contact 222 is arranged between the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, and the fourth movable contact 223 is arranged at an end of the third contact 13 away from the fourth contact 14, the third movable contact 222 can be connected with the fourth contact 14 to meet the required connection requirement, the fourth movable contact 223 can be connected with the third contact 13, which facilitates the connection of the fourth movable contact 223 with the third contact 13 to meet the required connection requirement, and can ensure that the second sub-switching element 22 is stably connected with the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, and ensures the reliable connection.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 4-5 As shown, the second switching element 30 is located between the first movable contact 212 and the second movable contact 213, which can make the switching device 100 compact in structure, facilitate the reduction of occupied space, and make the placement of the switching device 100 more convenient.

[0104] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 1-3 As shown, the switching device 100 further comprises a driving mechanism 40, which is used to drive the first switching element 20 to move between the first position and the second position, and drive the second switching element 30 to move between the third position and the fourth position, which can realize the automatic control of the switching device 100, making the switching more convenient, and is beneficial to improve the convenience and efficiency of operation.

[0105] Further, as shown in Figures 1-3As shown, the driving mechanism 40 comprises a first magnetic part 41, a second magnetic part 42 and a third magnetic part 43, the first magnetic part 41, the third magnetic part 43 and the second magnetic part 42 are arranged in sequence along the direction from the first contact 11 to the second contact 12, the polarities of the magnetic poles of the first magnetic part 41 and the second magnetic part 42 close to each other are the same along the arrangement direction of the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, the polarity of the magnetic pole of the third magnetic part 43 is changeable, for driving the first magnetic part 41 and the second magnetic part 42 to close to or away from the third magnetic part 43. For example, the magnetic poles of the first magnetic part 41 and the second magnetic part 42 close to each other are N poles, the magnetic poles of the first magnetic part 41 and the second magnetic part 42 away from each other are S poles. When the magnetic pole of the third magnetic part 43 close to the first magnetic part 41 is N pole, the third magnetic part 43 repels the first magnetic part 41, the third magnetic part 43 attracts the second magnetic part 42, the first magnetic part 41 moves towards the direction close to the first contact 11, the second magnetic part 42 moves towards the direction away from the second contact 12; when the magnetic pole of the third magnetic part 43 close to the first magnetic part 41 is S pole, the third magnetic part 43 attracts the first magnetic part 41, the third magnetic part 43 repels the second magnetic part 42, the first magnetic part 41 moves towards the direction away from the first contact 11, the second magnetic part 42 moves towards the direction close to the second contact 12.

[0106] The first magnetic part 41 is connected with the first switching piece 20, for driving the first switching piece 20 to move between the first position and the second position, the second magnetic part 42 is connected with the second switching piece 30, for driving the second switching piece 30 to move between the third position and the fourth position. For example, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7 the magnetic poles of the first magnetic part 41 and the second magnetic part 42 close to each other are N poles, the magnetic poles of the first magnetic part 41 and the second magnetic part 42 away from each other are S poles. When the magnetic pole of the third magnetic part 43 close to the first magnetic part 41 is N pole, the third magnetic part 43 repels the first magnetic part 41, the third magnetic part 43 attracts the second magnetic part 42, the first magnetic part 41 moves towards the direction close to the first contact 11, driving the first switching piece 20 to move towards the direction close to the first contact 11, the first switching piece 20 is converted to the first position, the first sub-switching piece 21 connects the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, the second sub-switching piece 22 connects the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14; the second magnetic part 42 moves towards the direction away from the second contact 12, driving the second switching piece 30 to move towards the direction away from the second contact 12, the second switching piece 30 is separated from the second contact 12 and the third contact 13; as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 8As shown, when the magnetic pole of the third magnetic part 43 close to the first magnetic part 41 is S pole, the third magnetic part 43 is attracted to the first magnetic part 41, the third magnetic part 43 is repelled to the second magnetic part 42, the first magnetic part 41 moves to the direction away from the first contact 11, the first switching part 20 is driven to move to the direction away from the first contact 11, the first switching part 20 is switched to the second position, the first sub switching part 21 is separated from the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, the second sub switching part 22 is separated from the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14; the second magnetic part 42 moves to the direction close to the second contact 12, the second switching part 30 is driven to move to the direction close to the second contact 12, the second switching part 30 connects the second contact 12 and the third contact 13.

[0107] The position of the first switching part 20 and the second switching part 30 can be changed by switching the magnetic pole of the third magnetic part 43, the series connection and the parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 can be conveniently switched, the circuit structure can be simplified, the switching efficiency can be improved, the use of the structure can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

[0108] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 1-3 The driving mechanism 40 further comprises a first sliding rail 60, the first sliding rail 60 extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, the first magnetic part 41 is slidable along the length direction of the first sliding rail 60, the first magnetic part 41 can be limited to a certain extent, and the reliability of the movement of the first magnetic part 41 is increased.

[0109] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 1-3 The driving mechanism 40 further comprises a second sliding rail 70, the second sliding rail 70 extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, the second magnetic part 42 is slidable along the length direction of the second sliding rail 70, the second magnetic part 42 can be limited to a certain extent, and the reliability of the movement of the second magnetic part 42 is increased.

[0110] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4-5 The switching device 100 comprises a first housing 61 and a second housing 62, the first housing 61 and the second housing 62 are closed, the first switching part 20, the second switching part 30 and the driving mechanism 40 are located between the first housing 61 and the second housing 62, the first switching part 20, the second switching part 30 and the driving mechanism 40 can be protected by the first housing 61 and the second housing 62, damage caused by exposure is avoided, and the service life is prolonged.

[0111] In addition, the switching device 100 further comprises four high-voltage contact terminals, the four high-voltage contact terminals are brazed to the first shell 61, wherein the first shell 61 is a ceramic shell, and the four high-voltage contact terminals are respectively formed into the first contact 11, the second contact 12, the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, so as to facilitate the connection of the first contact 11 and the third contact 13 with the first power supply device 200 and the connection of the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 with the second power supply device 300, thereby facilitating the connection of the switching device 100 with the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 and improving the assembly efficiency.

[0112] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 1-5 the first magnetic part 41 and the second magnetic part 42 are provided with elastic members 50 on the sides close to each other, the elastic members 50 are used to drive the first switching member 20 and the second switching member 30 to move towards the direction close to the third magnetic part 43, and the position of at least one of the first sub-switching member 21, the second sub-switching member 22 and the second switching member 30 can be reset through the elastic members 50, so as to meet the required position adjustment requirement, so that the reset is more convenient, and the structure is simple, thereby facilitating the reduction of production cost. For example, the elastic member 50 can be a spring or the like.

[0113] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 the third magnetic part 43 comprises a core 431 and a coil 432, the core 431 extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the coil 432 surrounds the core 431 along the arrangement direction of the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the two ends of the coil 432 are respectively connected with a low-voltage power supply interface 621, so as to supply power to the coil 432, when the current direction of the coil 432 is switched, the magnetic poles of the two ends of the core 431 change, the coil 432 can be controlled by the same current, and then different magnetism is generated at the two ends of the core 431, so as to facilitate the simplification of the circuit structure, improve the switching efficiency, and reduce the use of the structure and the cost.

[0114] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 6 in the power-off state, the coil 432 is in the unpowered state, and the elastic member 50 is in the standard state, at this time, the distance between the third moving contact 222 and the fourth contact 14 is d1, the distance between the first moving contact 212 and the first contact 11 is d3, the distance between the fourth moving contact 223 and the third contact 13 is d2, the distance between the second moving contact 213 and the second contact 12 is d4, the distance between the second switching member 30 and the third contact 13 is d5, and the distance between the second switching member 30 and the third contact 13 is d6.

[0115] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, d7, d8 are the distances between the edges of the first magnetic part 41 and the first sliding rail 60 close to the first contact 11, d10, d9 are the distances between the edges of the second magnetic part 42 and the second sliding rail 70 close to the second contact 12. d11 is the overlapping distance between the second switching piece 30 and the second contact 12, d13 is the overlapping distance between the second switching piece 30 and the third contact 13. d12 is the distance between the second contact 12 and the third contact 13. d14 is the length of the second switching piece 30. Wherein d1=d2, d3=d4, d7>d1, d8>d3. d5=d6, d10=d9>d6, d14=d11+d12+d13.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first connecting part 211, the first movable contact 212 and the second movable contact 213 are conductive, which can realize that the first connecting part 211, the first movable contact 212 and the second movable contact 213 conduct the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the part of the first magnetic part 41 connected with the first sub-switching piece 21 is non-conductive, which avoids the first connecting part 211, the first movable contact 212 and the second movable contact 213 from short-circuiting with other structures through the first magnetic part 41 and ensures the working safety.

[0117] In some embodiments, the second connecting part 221, the third movable contact 222 and the fourth movable contact 223 are conductive, which can realize that the second connecting part 221, the third movable contact 222 and the fourth movable contact 223 conduct the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, and the part of the first magnetic part 41 connected with the second sub-switching piece 22 is non-conductive, which avoids the second connecting part 221, the third movable contact 222 and the fourth movable contact 223 from short-circuiting with other structures through the first magnetic part 41 and ensures the working safety.

[0118] The power distribution assembly according to the embodiment of the present application comprises a first power supply device 200, a second power supply device 300 and the switching device 100 according to the embodiment of the present application. The first contact 11 and the third contact 13 are connected with the first power supply device 200, the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 are connected with the second power supply device 300, in the first position, the first switching piece 20 connects the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and connects the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel, the power can be increased while ensuring the voltage of the battery pack unchanged, the required use demand is met, in the second position, the first switching piece 20 is spaced apart from the first contact 11, the second contact 12, the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, the disconnection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 is realized, in the third position, the second switching piece 30 connects the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, the voltage of the battery pack can be increased, the current flowing is small and the heat generated is low, the required use demand is met, in the fourth position, the second switching piece 30 is spaced apart from the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, the disconnection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 is realized. Therefore, the switching device 100 can realize the switching of the series connection and the parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300, the control is convenient, the required connection demand can be met, the cost is low, the structure is compact and the occupied space can be reduced.

[0119] Since the switching device 100 according to the embodiment of the present application has the beneficial technical effects described above, the power distribution assembly according to the embodiment of the present application, by the first contact 11 and the third contact 13 being used for connecting with the first power supply device 200, the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 being used for connecting with the second power supply device 300, when the first switching piece 20 is in the first position and the second switching piece 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel, the power can be increased while ensuring the voltage of the battery pack unchanged, the required use demand is met, when the first switching piece 20 is in the second position and the second switching piece 30 is in the third position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, the voltage of the battery pack can be increased, the current flowing is small and the heat generated is low, the required use demand is met, when the first switching piece 20 is in the second position and the second switching piece 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are disconnected, the disconnection effect of the switching device is realized. The switching of the series connection and the parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 can be realized, three contactors in the related art are avoided to realize the control, the structure is simple, the cost can be reduced, the integration degree is improved, the structure is compact, the space is saved and the weight is reduced.

[0120] The battery pack according to the embodiment of the present application comprises the power distribution assembly according to the embodiment of the present application. Since the power distribution assembly according to the embodiment of the present application has the beneficial technical effects as described above, the battery pack according to the embodiment of the present application, by the first contact 11 and the third contact 13 for connecting with the first power supply device 200, and the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 for connecting with the second power supply device 300, when the first switching piece 20 is in the first position and the second switching piece 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in parallel connection, which can increase the electric quantity while ensuring the voltage of the battery pack, and meet the required use demand; when the first switching piece 20 is in the second position and the second switching piece 30 is in the third position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in series connection, which can increase the voltage of the battery pack, so that the current flowing is small and the heat generated is low, and the required use demand is met; when the first switching piece 20 is in the second position and the second switching piece 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are disconnected, which realizes the circuit breaking effect of the switching device. The series and parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 can be switched, which avoids the need for three contactors for control in the related art, has a simple structure, can reduce the cost, is beneficial to improving the integration, has a compact structure, saves space, and is convenient for reducing the weight.

[0121] The power consumption device according to the embodiment of the present application comprises the power consumption piece 400 and the battery pack according to the embodiment of the present application. One end of the power consumption piece 400 is connected with the first contact 11, and the other end of the power consumption piece 400 is connected with the fourth contact 14, so that the battery pack is connected with the power consumption piece 400, and the power supply demand of the battery pack to the power consumption piece 400 is realized. For example, the power consumption device can be a vehicle or the like.

[0122] Since the battery pack according to the embodiment of the present application has the beneficial technical effects described above, the power utilization device according to the embodiment of the present application, by the first contact 11 and the third contact 13 for connecting with the first power supply device 200, the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 for connecting with the second power supply device 300, when the first switching piece 20 is in the first position and the second switching piece 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in parallel connection, which can increase the electric quantity while ensuring the voltage of the battery pack unchanged, meeting the required use demand; when the first switching piece 20 is in the second position and the second switching piece 30 is in the third position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in series connection, which can increase the voltage of the battery pack, so that the current flowing is small and the heat generated is low, meeting the required use demand; when the first switching piece 20 is in the second position and the second switching piece 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are disconnected, realizing the circuit breaking effect of the switching device. The series and parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 can be switched, avoiding the need for three contactors for control in the related art, the structure is simple, the cost can be reduced, the integration degree can be improved, the structure is compact, the space is saved, and the weight can be reduced.

[0123] The control method of the power utilization device according to the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 11 The power utilization device is the power utilization device according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application. The control method comprises:

[0124] The required voltage of the power utilization piece 400 is obtained, for example, the required voltage of the power utilization piece 400 can be 400V or 800V required by the vehicle, etc.

[0125] According to the required voltage of the power utilization piece 400, the first switching piece 20 controls the series connection or parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300, which can realize the adjustment of different required voltages of the power utilization piece 400, for example, when the required voltage of the vehicle is 400V, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel by the first switching piece 20, when the required voltage of the vehicle is 800V, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series by the second switching piece 30, realizing the working demand of the required power utilization device.

[0126] In some embodiments, the control method further comprises, before obtaining the required voltage of the power utilization piece 400:

[0127] The power supply instruction of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 is obtained, in other words, the battery management system of the battery pack obtains the power supply instruction of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300;

[0128] Determine that the main fuse connection of the battery pack is normal, that is, the main fuse is not burnt out, and the circuit connection is normal, facilitate subsequent operation, and ensure safety.

[0129] The first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are controlled to supply power, and the required power supply demand is realized.

[0130] Since the power consumption device according to the embodiment of the application has the above beneficial technical effects, the control method of the power consumption device according to the embodiment of the application, through the first contact 11 and the third contact 13 for connecting with the first power supply device 200, the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 for connecting with the second power supply device 300, when the first switching piece 20 is in the first position and the second switching piece 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel, which can increase the power in the case of ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack does not change, and meet the required use demand; when the first switching piece 20 is in the second position and the second switching piece 30 is in the third position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, which can increase the voltage of the battery pack, so that the current flowing is small and the heat generated is low, and meet the required use demand; when the first switching piece 20 is in the second position and the second switching piece 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are disconnected, realizing the circuit breaking effect of the switching device. The series and parallel switching of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 can be realized, avoiding the need for three contactors to realize control in the related art, the structure is simple, the cost can be reduced, the integration can be improved, the structure is compact, the space is saved, and the weight can be reduced.

[0131] In some embodiments of the application, as shown in Figure 11 The switching device 100 is the switching device 100 according to the above-mentioned embodiments of the application, in the first position, the first switching piece 20 connects the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and connects the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel, which can increase the power in the case of ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack does not change, and meet the required use demand, in the second position, the first switching piece 20 is spaced apart from the first contact 11, the second contact 12, the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, realizing the disconnection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300. In the third position, the second switching piece 30 connects the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, which can increase the voltage of the battery pack, so that the current flowing is small and the heat generated is low, and meet the required use demand, in the fourth position, the second switching piece 30 is spaced apart from the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, realizing the disconnection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300.

[0132] According to some embodiments of the application, as shown inFigure 11 As shown in the figure, the control method comprises:

[0133] determining that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series;

[0134] The second switching piece 30 is connected with the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, and the first switching piece 20 is spaced apart from the first contact 11, the second contact 12, the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, in other words, the third magnetic part 43 is attracted to the first magnetic part 41, and the third magnetic part 43 is repelled by the second magnetic part 42, the first magnetic part 41 moves towards the direction away from the first contact 11, and drives the first switching piece 20 to move towards the direction away from the first contact 11, and the first switching piece 20 is converted to the second position, the first sub-switching piece 21 is separated from the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the second sub-switching piece 22 is separated from the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14; the second magnetic part 42 moves towards the direction close to the second contact 12, and drives the second switching piece 30 to move towards the direction close to the second contact 12, and the second switching piece 30 is connected with the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, thereby realizing the series connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300;

[0135] determining that M1 is less than or equal to the first threshold, wherein M1 is the potential difference between the third contact 13 and the second contact 12, in other words, determining whether the second switching piece 30 is reliably connected with the third contact 13 and the second contact 12, or when M1 is not less than or equal to the first threshold, error processing is performed;

[0136] determining that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, and the connection is normal, that is, through the above detection, it can be ensured that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, which is beneficial to improve the reliability and safety of the circuit.

[0137] According to some embodiments of the present application, as shown in the figure, the control method further comprises: Figure 11

[0138] determining that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel;

[0139] ​controlling the first switching piece 20 to connect the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and connect the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, and controlling the second switching piece 30 to be spaced apart from the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, in other words, the third magnetic part 43 repels the first magnetic part 41, the third magnetic part 43 attracts the second magnetic part 42, the first magnetic part 41 moves towards the direction close to the first contact 11, drives the first switching piece 20 to move towards the direction close to the first contact 11, and the first switching piece 20 is switched to the first position, the first sub-switching piece 21 connects the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the second sub-switching piece 22 connects the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14; the second magnetic part 42 moves towards the direction away from the second contact 12, drives the second switching piece 30 to move towards the direction away from the second contact 12, and the second switching piece 30 is separated from the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, thereby realizing the parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300;

[0140] determining that M2 is less than or equal to a second threshold value and M3 is less than or equal to a third threshold value, in other words, determining whether the first sub-switching piece 21 is reliably connected with the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and determining whether the second sub-switching piece 22 is reliably connected with the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, or when M2 is less than or equal to the second threshold value and M3 is less than or equal to the third threshold value, error processing is performed;

[0141] determining that M1 is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold value, in other words, determining whether the second switching piece 30 is reliably disconnected from the third contact 13 and the second contact 12, or when M1 is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold value, error processing is performed;

[0142] determining that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in parallel connection and the connection is normal, that is, through the above detection, the parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 is ensured, which is beneficial to improve the reliability and safety of the circuit. Therefore, the series connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 can be switched to the parallel connection, the required connection demand is met, the connection reliability and safety of the circuit are ensured, and the required use demand is realized.

[0143] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 11 the control method further comprises:

[0144] obtaining a power-off signal of the power-consuming part 400;

[0145] controlling the coil 432 to be powered off, in other words, the first switching piece 20 or the second switching piece 30 is driven by the elastic piece 50;

[0146] determining whether the second switch 30 is reliably disconnected from the third contact 13 and the second contact 12, or not meeting M1 greater than or equal to the fourth threshold value, error processing is performed;

[0147] determining that the power consumption device 400 is powered off normally, that is, through the above detection, it can be ensured that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are reliably disconnected, the safety of the circuit is ensured, and potential circuit failure or safety hazard is avoided.

[0148] According to some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 11 The control method further comprises:

[0149] determining that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel;

[0150] controlling the first switch 20 to connect the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and connect the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, and controlling the second switch 30 to be spaced apart from the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, that is, the third magnetic part 43 repels the first magnetic part 41, the third magnetic part 43 attracts the second magnetic part 42, the first magnetic part 41 moves towards the direction close to the first contact 11, drives the first switch 20 to move towards the direction close to the first contact 11, and the first switch 20 is switched to the first position. The first sub-switch 21 connects the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the second sub-switch 22 connects the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14; the second magnetic part 42 moves away from the second contact 12, drives the second switch 30 to move away from the second contact 12, and the second switch 30 is separated from the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, thereby realizing the parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300;

[0151] determining whether M2 is less than or equal to the second threshold value and M3 is less than or equal to the third threshold value, where M2 is the potential difference between the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and M3 is the potential difference between the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, that is, determining whether the first sub-switch 21 is reliably connected to the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and determining whether the second sub-switch 22 is reliably connected to the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, or not meeting M2 less than or equal to the second threshold value and M3 less than or equal to the third threshold value, error processing is performed;

[0152] determining whether M2 is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold value and M3 is greater than or equal to the sixth threshold value, determining whether the first sub-switch 21 is disconnected from the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and determining whether the second sub-switch 22 is disconnected from the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, or not meeting M2 greater than or equal to the fifth threshold value and M3 greater than or equal to the sixth threshold value, error processing is performed;

[0153] When it is determined that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in parallel connection, it is determined that the connection is normal, that is, the parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 can be ensured by the above detection, which is beneficial to improve the reliability and safety of the circuit. Therefore, the series connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 can be switched to the parallel connection, the required connection requirement can be met, the connection reliability and safety of the circuit can be ensured, and the required use requirement can be met.

[0154] According to some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 11 The control method further comprises:

[0155] It is determined that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in series connection;

[0156] The first switching piece 20 is spaced apart from the first contact 11, the second contact 12, the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, in other words, the current direction of the coil 432 is changed, the third magnetic part 43 is attracted to the first magnetic part 41, the first magnetic part 41 moves towards the direction away from the first contact 11, the first switching piece 20 is driven to move towards the direction away from the first contact 11, the first switching piece 20 is switched to the second position, the first sub-switching piece 21 is separated from the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the second sub-switching piece 22 is separated from the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14;

[0157] When it is determined that M2 is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold value and M3 is greater than or equal to the sixth threshold value, it is determined whether the first sub-switching piece 21 is disconnected from the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and whether the second sub-switching piece 22 is disconnected from the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, or M2 is not greater than or equal to the fifth threshold value and M3 is not greater than or equal to the sixth threshold value, error processing is performed;

[0158] The second switching piece 30 is connected to the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, the third magnetic part 43 is repelled by the second magnetic part 42, the second magnetic part 42 moves towards the direction close to the second contact 12, the second switching piece 30 is driven to move towards the direction close to the second contact 12, the second switching piece 30 connects the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, and thus the series connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 is realized;

[0159] When it is determined that M1 is less than or equal to the first threshold value, in other words, it is determined whether the second switching piece 30 is reliably connected to the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, or M1 is not less than or equal to the first threshold value, error processing is performed;

[0160] When it is determined that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in series connection and the connection is normal, that is, the series connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 can be ensured through the above detection, which is beneficial to improve the reliability and safety of the circuit. Therefore, the parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 can be switched to the series connection, the required connection requirement can be met, the connection reliability and safety of the circuit can be ensured, and the required use requirement can be realized.

[0161] Other configurations and operations of the switching device 100, the power distribution assembly, the battery pack, the power consumption device and the control method thereof according to the embodiments of the present application are known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0162] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0163] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A switching device, characterized in that, include: Multiple stationary contacts (10), the multiple stationary contacts (10) including a first contact (11), a second contact (12), a third contact (13) and a fourth contact (14), the first contact (11) and the third contact (13) being used to connect to a first power supply device (200), the second contact (12) and the fourth contact (14) being used to connect to a second power supply device (300); A first switching element (20) is movable and has a first position and a second position. In the first position, the first switching element (20) connects the first contact (11) and the second contact (12) and connects the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14). The first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in parallel. In the second position, the first switching element (20) is spaced apart from the first contact (11), the second contact (12), the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14). The second switching element (30) is movable and has a third position and a fourth position. In the third position, the second switching element (30) connects the second contact (12) and the third contact (13), and the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in series. In the fourth position, the second switching element (30) is spaced apart from both the second contact (12) and the third contact (13). A driving mechanism (40) is provided to drive the first switching member (20) to move between the first position and the second position, and the second switching member (30) to move between the third position and the fourth position. The driving mechanism (40) includes a first magnetic part (41), a second magnetic part (42), and a third magnetic part (43). The first magnetic part (41), the third magnetic part (43), and the second magnetic part (42) are arranged sequentially at intervals along the direction from the first contact point (11) to the second contact point (12). Along the arrangement direction of the first contact point (11) and the second contact point (12), the polarities of the magnetic poles of the first magnetic part (41) and the second magnetic part (42) that are close to each other are the same. The polarity of the magnetic pole of the third magnetic part (43) can be changed to drive the first magnetic part (41) and the second magnetic part (42) to move closer to or further away from each other. The third magnetic part (43) includes an iron core (431) and a coil (432). The iron core (431) extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact (11) and the second contact (12). The coil (432) surrounds the iron core (431) along the arrangement direction of the first contact (11) and the second contact (12). The two ends of the coil (432) are respectively connected to a low-voltage power supply interface (621). When the current direction of the coil (432) is switched, the magnetic poles at both ends of the iron core (431) change. The first magnetic part (41) is connected to the first switching member (20) to drive the first switching member (20) to move between the first position and the second position. The second magnetic part (42) is connected to the second switching member (30) to drive the second switching member (30) to move between the third position and the fourth position.

2. The switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first switching element (20) includes: A first sub-switching element (21) and a second sub-switching element (22) are movable. In the first position, the first sub-switching element (21) is connected to the first contact (11) and the second contact (12), and the second sub-switching element (22) is connected to the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14). In the second position, the first sub-switching element (21) is spaced apart from both the first contact (11) and the second contact (12), and the second sub-switching element (22) is spaced apart from both the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14).

3. The switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first contact (11) and the second contact (12) are arranged alternately in the moving direction of the first sub-switching unit (21), and the fourth contact (14) and the third contact (13) are arranged alternately in the moving direction of the second sub-switching unit (22).

4. The switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first switching element (20) includes: The first connecting part (211) extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact (11) and the second contact (12); The first movable contact (212) and the second movable contact (213) are connected to both ends of the first connecting part (211) in the length direction. The first movable contact (212) is adapted to be connected to the first contact (11). The first movable contact (212) is located between the first contact (11) and the second contact (12). The second movable contact (213) is located at the end of the second contact (12) away from the first contact (11). And / or, the second sub-switching element (22) includes: The second connecting part (221) extends along the arrangement direction of the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14); The third moving contact (222) and the fourth moving contact (223) are connected to both ends of the second connecting part (221) in the length direction. The third moving contact (222) is adapted to be connected to the fourth contact (14). The third moving contact (222) is located between the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14). The fourth moving contact (223) is located at the end of the third contact (13) away from the fourth contact (14).

5. The switching device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second switching element (30) is located between the first moving contact (212) and the second moving contact (213).

6. The switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (40) further includes: The first slide rail (60) extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact (11) and the second contact (12), and the first magnetic part (41) is slidable along the length direction of the first slide rail (60). The second slide rail (70) extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact (11) and the second contact (12), and the second magnetic part (42) is slidable along the length direction of the second slide rail (70).

7. The switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first magnetic part (41) and the second magnetic part (42) are provided with elastic members (50) on the side close to each other. The elastic members (50) are used to drive the first switching member (20) and the second switching member (30) to move toward the direction close to the third magnetic part (43).

8. A power distribution component, characterized in that, include: First power supply equipment (200) and second power supply equipment (300); According to any one of claims 1-7, the switching device (100) wherein the first contact (11) and the third contact (13) are connected to the first power supply device (200), and the second contact (12) and the fourth contact (14) are connected to the second power supply device (300), and in the first position, the first switching element (20) connects the first contact (11) and the second contact (12) and connects the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14), and the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected to each other. 0) In parallel, in the second position, the first switching element (20) is spaced apart from the first contact (11), the second contact (12), the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14); in the third position, the second switching element (30) connects the second contact (12) and the third contact (13), and the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in series; in the fourth position, the second switching element (30) is spaced apart from the second contact (12) and the third contact (13).

9. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the power distribution components as described in claim 8.

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, include: The battery pack according to claim 9; An electrical component (400) is provided, one end of which is connected to the first contact (11) and the other end of which is connected to the fourth contact (14).

11. A method for controlling electrical equipment, characterized in that, The electrical equipment is the electrical equipment according to claim 10, and the control method includes: Obtain the required voltage of the electrical component (400); According to the required voltage of the power-consuming component (400), the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in series or in parallel by the first switching device (20).

12. The control method for electrical equipment according to claim 11, characterized in that, The control method includes: It is determined that the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in series; The second switching element (30) is connected to the second contact (12) and the third contact (13), and the first switching element (20) is spaced apart from the first contact (11), the second contact (12), the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14); It is determined that M1 is less than or equal to a first threshold, where M1 is the potential difference between the third contact (13) and the second contact (12); It is determined that the connection is normal when the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in series.

13. The control method for electrical equipment according to claim 12, characterized in that, The control method further includes: It is determined that the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in parallel; Control the first switching element (20) to connect the first contact (11) and the second contact (12) and to connect the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14); control the second switching element (30) to be spaced apart from the second contact (12) and the third contact (13); It is determined that M2 is less than or equal to the second threshold and M3 is less than or equal to the third threshold, where M2 is the potential difference between the first contact (11) and the second contact (12), and M3 is the potential difference between the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14); It is determined that M1 is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold; It is determined that the connection is normal when the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in parallel.

14. The control method for electrical equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that, The control method further includes: Obtain the power-down signal of the electrical component (400); Control the coil (432) to de-energize; Determine whether M2 is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold and M3 is greater than or equal to the sixth threshold; It was confirmed that the power-on component (400) was functioning normally.

15. The control method for electrical equipment according to claim 12, characterized in that, The control method further includes: It is determined that the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in parallel; Control the first switching element (20) to connect the first contact (11) and the second contact (12) and to connect the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14); control the second switching element (30) to be spaced apart from the second contact (12) and the third contact (13); It is determined that M2 is less than or equal to the second threshold and M3 is less than or equal to the third threshold, where M2 is the potential difference between the first contact (11) and the second contact (12), and M3 is the potential difference between the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14); It is determined that M1 is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold; It is determined that the connection is normal when the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in parallel.

16. The control method for electrical equipment according to claim 15, characterized in that, The control method further includes: It is determined that the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in series; The first switching element (20) is spaced apart from the first contact (11), the second contact (12), the third contact (13), and the fourth contact (14); Determine whether M2 is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold and M3 is greater than or equal to the sixth threshold; Control the second switching element (30) to connect with the second contact (12) and the third contact (13); It is determined that M1 is less than or equal to the first threshold; It is determined that the connection is normal when the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in series.

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