Multi-frequency phase shifter and multi-frequency antenna

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of communication equipment technology, and provides a multi-frequency phase shifter and a multi-frequency antenna. The multi-frequency phase shifter includes a cavity and a plurality of phase shifters. The plurality of phase shifters are arranged in the cavity and connected in sequence along the length of the cavity. Adjacent phase shifters are connected in sequence via a first pin board. The first pin board is composed of multiple layers of elastic conductive sheets stacked together, each layer of elastic conductive sheets corresponding to a signal transmission channel of a different frequency band, and adjacent elastic conductive sheets are staggered in the horizontal direction to form an electromagnetic shielding isolation structure. The contact surface between the phase shifter and the first pin board is provided with a groove. In the multi-frequency phase shifter and multi-frequency antenna provided by the present invention, the plurality of phase shifters are arranged in sequence along the length of the cavity. Adjacent phase shifters are connected via the first pin board. This shortens the length of a single phase shifter and facilitates processing. Furthermore, the deformation compensation of the elastic conductive sheets is combined with the impedance matching of the gradient medium to solve the phase distortion problem of high-frequency pin connections.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of communication equipment, and in particular to a multi-frequency phase shifter and a multi-frequency antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale deployment of multi-band base stations, multi-band antennas must achieve independent control and efficient combining of multi-band signals within a limited space. Traditional multi-band phase shifters use a combination of discrete phase shifting units and combiners, leading to the following problems: Poor signal integrity: The lack of effective isolation between signals in different frequency bands causes crosstalk during long-distance transmission. Especially when the phase shifter length exceeds 1.2 meters, parasitic coupling is exacerbated, increasing radiation loss. Impedance matching is difficult: The transmission line impedance of long phase shifters varies significantly with frequency, making it difficult to achieve continuous impedance matching across multiple frequency bands using traditional homogeneous dielectrics, leading to signal reflections. Low mechanical reliability: Ultra-long phase shifters (>1.2 meters) deform due to thermal expansion under temperature fluctuations, resulting in uneven contact pressure at the pin connections and even detachment, hindering mass production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a multi-frequency phase shifter and a multi-frequency antenna, which are used to solve the problems of poor signal integrity, difficulty in impedance matching and low mechanical reliability of the phase shifter in the prior art.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-frequency phase shifter, comprising:

[0005] The plurality of phase shifting plates are arranged in the cavity and connected in sequence along the length direction of the cavity, and two adjacent phase shifting plates are connected in sequence through a first pin plate;

[0006] The first pin board is composed of multiple layers of elastic conductive sheets stacked together, each layer of the elastic conductive sheets corresponding to a signal transmission channel of a different frequency band, and adjacent elastic conductive sheets are staggered in the horizontal direction to form an electromagnetic shielding isolation structure;

[0007] A contact surface between the phase shift plate and the first pin board is provided with a groove, and a matching medium with a gradient dielectric constant is embedded in the groove.

[0008] According to a multi-frequency phase shifter provided by the present invention, the phase shifter plate includes a combiner and multiple frequency band phase shifters of different frequency bands. The cavity includes a first cavity layer and a second cavity layer arranged in parallel above and below. The second cavity layer has multiple sub-cavities arranged side by side. The combiner is located in the first cavity layer. The multiple frequency band phase shifters of different frequency bands are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence within the multiple sub-cavities. The frequency band phase shifters are connected to the combiner via a second pin board.

[0009] According to a multi-frequency phase shifter provided by the present invention, the first cavity layer and the second cavity layer are separated by a partition plate, and the partition plate is provided with a through hole for the second pin board to pass through.

[0010] According to a multi-frequency phase shifter provided by the present invention, a cable groove is provided on the outer wall of the cavity, and the cable groove is used to accommodate a coaxial cable electrically connected to the combiner and the frequency band phase shifter.

[0011] According to a multi-frequency phase shifter provided by the present invention, the first cavity layer and the sub-cavity are respectively provided with a slot, the frequency band phase shifter is inserted into the slot of the sub-cavity, and the combiner is inserted into the slot of the first cavity layer.

[0012] A multi-frequency phase shifter provided according to the present invention further includes a main feed network, which is integrated into the dielectric substrate of the combiner.

[0013] According to a multi-frequency phase shifter provided by the present invention, the main feed network adopts a stripline.

[0014] According to a multi-frequency phase shifter provided by the present invention, the main feed network and the combining network on the combiner are arranged on different layers of copper tapes on the dielectric substrate.

[0015] According to a multi-frequency phase shifter provided by the present invention, a power division network and a phase compensation network are integrated on the frequency band phase shifters of multiple different frequency bands.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a multi-frequency antenna comprising: a radiating unit and the multi-frequency phase shifter as described in the first aspect, wherein the multi-frequency phase shifter is electrically connected to the radiating unit via a coaxial cable shorter than 1.5 times the wavelength.

[0017] In the multi-frequency phase shifter and multi-frequency antenna provided by the present invention, multiple phase shifting plates are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the cavity, and two adjacent phase shifting plates are connected by a first pin plate, thereby shortening the length of a single phase shifting plate, facilitating processing and mass production, and helping to reduce processing costs. In addition, the deformation compensation of the elastic conductive sheet is combined with the impedance matching of the gradient medium to solve the phase distortion problem of the pin connection in the high-frequency band. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of the multi-frequency phase shifter provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a partial structural diagram of the multi-frequency phase shifter provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cavity provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of the multi-frequency phase shifter provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the second pin board provided by the present invention and the main feed network.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the setting of the main feed network provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a return loss simulation diagram of the first frequency band phase shifter provided by the present invention when the first dielectric plate is displaced by 0 mm, 36 mm, and 72 mm respectively.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a return loss simulation diagram of the second frequency band phase shifter provided by the present invention when the second dielectric plate displacements are 0 mm, 36 mm, and 72 mm, respectively.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a measured graph of return loss of the first frequency band phase shifter provided by the present invention when the first dielectric plate is displaced by 0 mm, 36 mm, and 72 mm, respectively.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a measured graph of return loss of the second frequency band phase shifter provided by the present invention when the second dielectric plate displacements are 0 mm, 36 mm, and 72 mm, respectively.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a measured diagram of the inter-frequency isolation of the first frequency band phase shifter provided by the present invention when the displacements of the first dielectric plate are 0 mm, 36 mm, and 72 mm, respectively.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a measured diagram of the inter-frequency isolation of the second frequency band phase shifter provided by the present invention when the second dielectric plate displacements are 0 mm, 36 mm, and 72 mm, respectively.

[0031] Figure 13 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the multi-frequency antenna provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 14 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the multi-frequency antenna provided by the present invention.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 100. Multi-frequency phase shifter; 10. Cavity; 11. First cavity layer; 12. Second cavity layer; 121. First sub-cavity; 122. Second sub-cavity; 13. Partition plate; 14. Cable trough; 15. Card slot; 20. Combiner; 21. Combiner network; 30. Phase shifter plate; 31. First frequency band phase shifter; 311. First board; 312. First dielectric board; 32. Second frequency band phase shifter; 321. Second board; 322. Second dielectric board; 40. First pin board; 50. Second pin board; 60. Main feed network; 200. Radiating element; 210. Antenna substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The following combination Figures 1-12 The multi-frequency phase shifter of the present invention is described.

[0037] The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-frequency phase shifter 100, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a cavity 10 and multiple phase shifters 30 . The multiple phase shifters 30 are arranged in the cavity 10 and connected in sequence along the length direction of the cavity 10 . Adjacent two phase shifters 30 are connected in sequence through a first pin board 40 .

[0038] The multi-frequency phase shifter 100 includes at least two phase shifters 30, each of which is independent and independently processed. Two adjacent phase shifters 30 are connected via a first pin plate 40, thereby resolving the problem of the long length of the phase shifters 30, which makes processing difficult and costly, and reducing processing costs and difficulty. Specifically, the first pin plate 40 includes a plate body and electrical pins disposed thereon. Some of the pins plug into reserved electrical sockets on one phase shifter 30, while others plug into reserved electrical sockets on the other phase shifter 30. Alternatively, the opposing ends of the first pin plate 40 are welded to the two phase shifters 30 in a one-to-one correspondence to achieve electrical connection.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first pin board 40 is composed of multiple layers of elastic conductive sheets stacked together. Each layer of elastic conductive sheets corresponds to a signal transmission channel of a different frequency band, and adjacent elastic conductive sheets are staggered in the horizontal direction to form an electromagnetic shielding isolation structure. The contact surface between the phase shifter and the first pin board 40 is provided with a groove, and a matching medium with a dielectric constant gradient is embedded in the groove. The dielectric constant of the matching medium changes along the signal transmission direction. ; where ε r0 is the initial value, k is the slope, and x is the transmission direction coordinate.

[0040] Due to the layered arrangement of the elastic conductive sheets, each layer of conductive sheets is made of metal alloy materials with different conductive properties and is gradiently configured according to the characteristics of the target frequency band.

[0041] For example, the low-frequency band (0.5-2 GHz) uses a beryllium copper alloy conductive sheet with a thickness of 0.3 mm and an elastic modulus of 128 GPa. The mid-frequency band (2-6 GHz) uses a phosphor bronze conductive sheet with a thickness of 0.2 mm and an elastic modulus of 110 GPa. The high-frequency band (6-18 GHz) uses a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy conductive sheet with a thickness of 0.1 mm and an elastic modulus of 83 GPa. Each layer of conductive sheet undergoes micro-arc oxidation to form a 5-8 μm thick Al2O3 insulating layer. The interlayer dielectric constant is controlled between 2.8 and 3.2 to achieve impedance matching.

[0042] Each of these elastic conductive sheets corresponds to a signal transmission channel in a different frequency band, ensuring that the multi-frequency phase shifter 100 can simultaneously process signals in multiple frequency bands without mutual interference. Adjacent elastic conductive sheets are staggered horizontally to form an electromagnetic shielding isolation structure. This structure effectively suppresses the propagation of electromagnetic interference and noise, improving the signal transmission quality and stability of the multi-frequency phase shifter 100.

[0043] In addition, a matching medium with a gradient dielectric constant is embedded in the groove. The dielectric constant of this matching medium shows a specific change pattern along the signal transmission direction, namely represents the rate of change of the dielectric constant with respect to the transmission direction coordinate x. This dielectric gradient-varying matching medium effectively adjusts the signal transmission characteristics, making signal transmission within the multi-frequency phase shifter 100 smoother and more stable. Furthermore, the deformation compensation of the elastic conductive sheet combined with the impedance matching of the gradient medium resolves the phase distortion problem associated with high-frequency pin connections.

[0044] In the multi-frequency phase shifter 100 provided by this embodiment of the present invention, multiple phase shifters 30 are arranged in sequence along the length of the cavity 10. Adjacent phase shifters 30 are connected by a first pin plate 40. This shortens the length of each phase shifter 30, facilitates processing and mass production, and helps reduce processing costs. Furthermore, the deformation compensation of the elastic conductive sheet combined with the impedance matching of the gradient dielectric solves the phase distortion problem caused by pin connections in the high-frequency band.

[0045] like Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the phase shifter 30 includes a combiner 20 and multiple frequency band phase shifters of different frequency bands. The cavity 10 includes a first cavity layer 11 and a second cavity layer 12 arranged in parallel above and below. The second cavity layer 12 has multiple sub-cavities arranged side by side. The combiner 20 is located in the first cavity layer 11. The multiple frequency band phase shifters of different frequency bands are arranged one-to-one in the multiple sub-cavities. The frequency band phase shifters are connected to the combiner 20 via a second pin board 50.

[0046] It can be understood that conductive holes are provided between the plurality of sub-cavities to enable partial conduction between two adjacent sub-cavities.

[0047] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the second cavity layer 12 has two sub-cavities, a first sub-cavity 121 and a second sub-cavity 122, arranged side by side. The phase shifter 30 has two frequency band phase shifters of different frequency bands, namely a first frequency band phase shifter 31 and a second frequency band phase shifter 32. The first frequency band phase shifter 31 is arranged in the first sub-cavity 121, and the second frequency band phase shifter 32 is arranged in the second sub-cavity 122.

[0048] By utilizing the partition plate 13 and the sub-cavities, the combiner 20 and the phase shifters for each frequency band are disposed within separate cavities 10. This reduces the mutual influence and interference between the combiner 20 and the phase shifters for each frequency band, improves the isolation between the combiner 20 and the phase shifters for each frequency band, and thereby enhances the performance of the multi-frequency phase shifter 100. Simultaneously, while the overall dimensions of the cavity 10 remain unchanged, the physical dimensions of each sub-cavity are relatively reduced. This allows the resonant frequency of the cavity 10 to be raised away from the operating frequency of the multi-frequency phase shifter 100, effectively preventing resonance and ensuring that the performance of the multi-frequency phase shifter 100 remains stable across the entire operating frequency band, making it suitable for use in multi-frequency antennas.

[0049] The first-band phase shifter 31 and the second-band phase shifter 32 are both formed by connecting a plurality of phase shifting plates 30 in sequence via a first pin board 40. This shortens the length of the circuit boards for the phase shifters of different frequency bands without affecting the performance of the phase shifters, thereby reducing processing costs and difficulty, and resolving the problem of the phase shifting plates 30 being too long, resulting in high processing difficulty and cost.

[0050] In the multi-frequency phase shifter 100 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the combiner 20 and frequency band phase shifters of different frequency bands are arranged in different cavity layers of the same cavity 10. The frequency band phase shifters are electrically connected to the combiner 20 via a second pin board 50. This improves the multi-frequency, miniaturization, and integration of the multi-frequency phase shifter 100 without affecting the electrical performance of the phase shifters.

[0051] Specifically, the first cavity layer 11 and the second cavity layer 12 are separated by a partition plate 13 , and a through hole is provided on the partition plate 13 for the second pin board 50 to pass through.

[0052] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a partition plate 13 separates the first cavity layer 11 and the second cavity layer 12, and the combiner 20 and the frequency band phase shifter are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the partition plate 13. Thus, the partition plate 13 serves as the bottom plate of the first cavity layer 11 and the top plate of the second cavity layer 12, forming a cavity wall shared by the first cavity layer 11 and the second cavity layer 12.

[0053] The second pin board 50 is inserted into the through-hole, with one end of the second pin board 50 housed within the first cavity layer 11 and electrically connected to the combiner 20, while the other end is housed within the second cavity layer 12 and electrically connected to the frequency band phase shifter. The through-hole is sized to match the second pin board 50, so that the through-hole can be used to constrain the position of the second pin board 50.

[0054] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the outer wall of the cavity 10 is provided with a cable groove 14, which is used to accommodate a coaxial cable electrically connected to the combiner 20 and the frequency band phase shifter. The coaxial cable is used to feed the combiner 20 and the frequency band phase shifter connected thereto.

[0055] Specifically, the outer wall of the cavity 10 is provided with a cable groove 14 corresponding to the first cavity layer 11 and the second cavity layer 12. Figure 3 As shown, the cable trough 14 includes a first cable trough corresponding to the first cavity layer 11 and a second cable trough corresponding to the second cavity layer 12. The coaxial cable connected to the combiner 20 is clamped in the first cable trough 14, and the coaxial cable connected to the frequency band phase shifter is clamped in the second cable trough 14.

[0056] The first cavity layer 11 and the sub-cavity are each provided with a slot 15. The frequency band phase shifter is inserted into the slot 15 of the sub-cavity, and the combiner 20 is inserted into the slot 15 of the first cavity layer 11. Of course, the frequency band phase shifter can also be fixed to the sub-cavity by screws. Similarly, the combiner 20 can be fixed to the first cavity layer 11 by screws.

[0057] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the opposite side walls of the first cavity layer 11 are provided with slots 15, with the two slots 15 arranged opposite each other. The opposite sides of the combiner 20 are mounted in the two slots 15, thereby fixing the frequency band phase shifter in the first cavity layer 11 and forming a gap with the partition plate 13. Similarly, the opposite side walls of each sub-cavity are provided with slots 15, with the two slots 15 arranged opposite each other. The opposite sides of the frequency band phase shifter are mounted in the two slots 15 in the same sub-cavity.

[0058] The frequency band phase shifter comprises a plate with a phase shifting circuit and a dielectric plate removably mounted within the sub-cavity. The plate is secured within a slot 15. The upper and lower portions of the plate form a housing space with the sub-cavity walls, respectively. The dielectric plate is positioned within the housing space on one side. Specifically, the first frequency band phase shifter 31 comprises a first plate 311 and a first dielectric plate 312, while the second frequency band phase shifter 32 comprises a second plate 321 and a second dielectric plate 322. The first plate 311 and the second plate 321 are each formed by connecting multiple phase shifting plates 30 via a first pin board 40.

[0059] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the multi-frequency phase shifter 100 further includes a main feed network 60, which is integrated into the dielectric substrate of the combiner 20. The main feed network 60 is disposed in an unoccupied area of ​​the combiner 20 near the phase shifter input port. By integrating the main feed network 60 into the dielectric substrate of the combiner 20, the structure of the multi-frequency phase shifter 100 is further simplified, thereby facilitating miniaturization and integration.

[0060] Optionally, the main feed network 60 utilizes stripline. Theoretically, at 2200 MHz, the loss of coaxial cable is 0.56 dB / m, while the insertion loss of stripline is 0.22 dB / m. The insertion loss per meter of stripline is 0.34 dB / m lower than that of coaxial cable. Therefore, using stripline for the main feed network 60 can further reduce the insertion loss of the feed network.

[0061] Specifically, the main feed network 60 and the combining network 21 on the combiner 20 are arranged on different layers of copper tape on the dielectric substrate. For example, the main feed network 60 is arranged on the lower layer of copper tape on the dielectric substrate, and the combining network 21 is located on the upper layer of copper tape on the dielectric substrate.

[0062] The first frequency band phase shifter 31 and the second frequency band phase shifter 32 are both integrated with a power division network and a phase compensation network.

[0063] When the first-band phase shifter 31 is connected to the combiner 20 via the second pin board 50, the combining network 21 on the combiner 20 is electrically connected to the power splitting network and phase compensation network on the first-band phase shifter 31 via the second pin board 50. When the second-band phase shifter 32 is connected to the combiner 20 via another second pin board 50, the combining network 21 on the combiner 20 is electrically connected to the power splitting network and phase compensation network on the second-band phase shifter 32 via this pin board.

[0064] In the multi-frequency phase shifter provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the return loss simulation diagrams of the first frequency band phase shifter 31 and the second frequency band phase shifter 32 are shown as follows: Figure 7 and Figure 8When the first dielectric plate 312 moves 0 mm, 36 mm, and 72 mm, the first dielectric plate 312 is located at the left, middle, and right positions, respectively. At this time, the return loss simulation value of the first frequency band phase shifter 31 is between -20 dB and -40 dB. Figure 9 As shown in FIG, the actual return loss value of the first frequency band phase shifter 31 is between -20 dB and -40 dB, and is concentrated between -20 dB and -30 dB, with less reflection and higher propagation speed. Similarly, when the second dielectric plate 322 moves 0 mm, 36 mm, and 72 mm, the second dielectric plate 322 is located at the left, middle, and right positions, respectively. At this time, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 1 , the return loss simulation value of the second frequency band phase shifter 32 is between -23dB and -36dB. Figure 10 As shown, the actual return loss value of the second frequency band phase shifter 32 is between -20dB and -40dB, and the reflection and signal loss meet the requirements.

[0065] like Figure 11 As shown, when the first dielectric plate 312 moves 0mm, 36mm and 72mm, the first dielectric plate 312 is located at the left, middle and right positions respectively. At this time, the measured value of the inter-frequency isolation of the first frequency band phase shifter 31 is between -30dB and -50dB. Figure 12 As shown, the second dielectric plates 322 are located at the left, middle and right positions respectively. At this time, the measured value of the inter-frequency isolation of the second frequency band phase shifter 32 is between -30dB and -55dB.

[0066] In addition, Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a multi-frequency antenna, which includes: a radiation unit 200 and the multi-frequency phase shifter 100 as described above, and the multi-frequency phase shifter 100 is fed and connected to the radiation unit 200 via a coaxial cable shorter than 1.5 times the wavelength.

[0067] Specifically, the multi-frequency antenna includes an antenna substrate 210, on which are disposed a plurality of radiating elements 200. Fourteen radiating elements 200 form a column, and the plurality of radiating elements 200 form four columns, each of which is configured with two multi-frequency phase shifters 100 as described above. The multi-frequency phase shifters 100 are connected to the radiating elements 200 via a coaxial cable shorter than 1.5 wavelengths, resulting in higher antenna gain and higher radiated power.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-frequency phase shifter, characterized in that: include: a cavity and a plurality of phase shifting plates; The plurality of phase shifting plates are arranged in the cavity and connected in sequence along the length direction of the cavity, and two adjacent phase shifting plates are connected in sequence through a first pin plate; The first pin board is composed of multiple layers of elastic conductive sheets, each layer of which is made of a metal alloy material with different conductive properties. Each layer of elastic conductive sheets corresponds to a signal transmission channel of a different frequency band, and adjacent elastic conductive sheets are staggered in the horizontal direction to form an electromagnetic shielding isolation structure. A contact surface between the phase shift plate and the first pin board is provided with a groove, and a matching medium with a gradient dielectric constant is embedded in the groove.

2. The multi-frequency phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein: The phase shifter includes a combiner and multiple frequency band phase shifters of different frequency bands. The cavity includes a first cavity layer and a second cavity layer arranged in parallel above and below. The second cavity layer has multiple sub-cavities arranged side by side. The combiner is located in the first cavity layer. The multiple frequency band phase shifters of different frequency bands are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence in the multiple sub-cavities. The frequency band phase shifters are connected to the combiner via a second pin board.

3. The multi-frequency phase shifter according to claim 2, wherein: The first cavity layer and the second cavity layer are separated by a partition plate, and the partition plate is provided with a through hole for the second pin board to pass through.

4. The multi-frequency phase shifter according to claim 2, wherein: The outer wall of the cavity is provided with a cable groove, and the cable groove is used to accommodate a coaxial cable electrically connected to the combiner and the frequency band phase shifter.

5. The multi-frequency phase shifter according to claim 2, wherein: The first cavity layer and the sub-cavity are respectively provided with a card slot, the frequency band phase shifter is inserted into the card slot of the sub-cavity, and the combiner is inserted into the card slot of the first cavity layer.

6. The multi-frequency phase shifter according to claim 2, wherein: It also includes a main feed network, which is integrated into the dielectric substrate of the combiner.

7. The multi-frequency phase shifter according to claim 6, wherein: The main feed network adopts a stripline.

8. The multi-frequency phase shifter according to claim 6, wherein: The main feed network and the combining network on the combiner are arranged on different layers of copper tapes on the dielectric substrate.

9. The multi-frequency phase shifter according to claim 2, wherein: The frequency band phase shifters of multiple different frequency bands are all integrated with a power division network and a phase compensation network.

10. A multi-frequency antenna, characterized in that: include: A radiating unit and a multi-frequency phase shifter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the multi-frequency phase shifter is electrically connected to the radiating unit via a coaxial cable shorter than 1.5 times the wavelength.

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