Power system recovery method and system considering social functions and load starting characteristics

Abstract

The invention discloses a power system recovery method and system considering social functions and load starting characteristics, and belongs to the technical field of power supply recovery of power systems. The method specifically comprises the steps of solving a power supply recovery importance degree parameter according to absolute power failure duration; solving a correction coefficient of the power supply recovery importance degree parameter considering the social function; correcting the power supply recovery importance degree parameter by using the correction coefficient of the power supply recovery importance degree parameter considering the social function to obtain the power supply recovery importance degree of the user; solving a node power supply recovery importance degree considering a topological connection correction coefficient; and according to the node power supply recovery importance considering the topological connection correction coefficient, generating a power supply recovery strategy, and realizing power system recovery considering social functions and load starting characteristics. According to the invention, the accuracy of resource allocation is improved, and the additional economic loss in the power supply recovery process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power system power supply restoration, and more specifically, relates to a power system restoration method and system considering social functions and load start-up characteristics. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, frequent large-scale power outages at home and abroad have shown that extreme large-scale power outages are difficult to avoid, and the research on power system restoration control technology is still urgent. Among them, during restoration decision-making, the importance of loads to be restored can be sorted according to their importance. However, there are various types of loads in the power system, and the electrical energy required, usage time period, and importance of each type of load are not constant. The importance of loads to be restored is usually statically determined by expert experience or power supply guarantee levels. The rough classification of the importance of loads to be restored restricts the refined management of energy during the restoration process, is not conducive to the full utilization of resources during the restoration process, and is not conducive to obtaining higher restoration net benefits.

[0003] Prior art document 1 (CN110378610B) discloses a method for identifying weak links in a distribution network based on user importance and equipment operating status. Its deficiency lies in that it only considers the restoration importance of users themselves and does not consider the time dependence of user social functions in the production chain. When restoration resources are allocated to equipment that cannot be immediately put into production, it causes waste of resources and prolongs the restoration time of the overall production chain.

[0004] Prior art document 2 (CN107025524B) discloses an overload auxiliary decision-making method for equipment considering the reliability requirements of load power supply. Its deficiency lies in that it only considers restricting equipment overload and does not consider the impact of power outage duration during the restoration process, resulting in misjudgment of high-loss loads, causing waste of restoration resources. It does not consider the relationship between the quantified nodes of user social functions and the production chain, resulting in a disconnection between the restoration order and production, which not only causes waste of restoration resources but also leads to an increase in actual economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a power system restoration method and system considering social functions and load start-up characteristics, which evaluate the restoration importance of various loads and user social functions during the restoration process, guide power system restoration decision-making, and achieve the economic and rapid restoration of the power system.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a power system restoration method considering social functions and load start-up characteristics, including: Based on the absolute power outage duration, calculate power supply restoration importance parameters including power supply restoration importance for raw material preservation, power supply restoration importance for production operation, and power supply restoration importance considering load start-up characteristics; Solve the correction coefficient of the power supply restoration importance parameter considering social functions, including the production function correction coefficient of the equipment group, the electric energy substitution probability correction coefficient, and the multi-energy collaborative load restoration process correction coefficient; Use the correction coefficient of the power supply restoration importance parameter considering social functions to correct the power supply restoration importance parameter to obtain the power supply restoration importance of the user; Solve the node power supply restoration importance considering the topology connection correction coefficient based on the power supply restoration importance of the user; Generate a power supply restoration strategy according to the node power supply restoration importance considering the topology connection correction coefficient to achieve the power system restoration considering social functions and load startup characteristics.

[0008] Preferably, the absolute power outage duration specifically includes: Obtain the time difference between the moment corresponding to calculating the absolute power outage duration and the power outage moment; Obtain the number of energy types of the electric energy supply equipment, and determine the continuous power supply duration provided by the electric energy supply equipment of the energy for the user; For each type of energy, determine whether the user has the electric energy supply equipment of this type of energy and obtains power supply. If so, obtain power supply; otherwise, do not obtain power supply. Sum up the continuous power supply durations provided by the electric energy supply equipment of all the corresponding energies with power supply to obtain the total power supply duration of all power supply energy equipment; Subtract the total power supply duration of all power supply energy equipment from the time difference to obtain the absolute power outage duration.

[0009] Preferably, the power supply restoration importance considering load startup characteristics specifically includes: Obtain the equipment group startup demand quantity, the equipment group operating personnel input demand quantity, and the equipment group waste loss; Multiply the absolute power outage duration by the equipment group operating personnel input demand quantity to obtain the total manpower demand during the absolute power outage; Sum up the equipment group startup demand quantity, the total manpower demand during the absolute power outage, and the equipment group waste loss to obtain the power supply restoration importance considering load startup characteristics.

[0010] Preferably, the solution of the production function correction coefficient of the equipment group specifically includes: Select a number between 0 and 10 according to different power outage durations and set it as the demand degree score of the load group; Fit the demand degree of the load group based on the power outage duration and the demand degree score of the load group; Normalize the demand degree of the load group; Solve the load influence degree parameter of the power outage time on the set working time; Multiply the load impact parameter of the set working time by the normalized load group demand degree to obtain the production function correction coefficient of the equipment group.

[0011] Preferably, the load impact degree parameter of the power outage time on the set working time specifically includes: Obtain the start working moment and end working moment of the load group for each set working time, and calculate the working time window of the load group for each set working time; Divide the power of the load group for each set working time by the working time window of the corresponding load group for each set working time to obtain the impact factor of a single load group; Sum the impact factors of all load groups and normalize by dividing by the total user load power to obtain the normalized impact parameter; Multiply the normalized impact parameter by the power outage duration to obtain the load impact degree parameter of the power outage time on the set working time.

[0012] Preferably, the power supply restoration importance of the user specifically includes: Use 1 minus the self-provided power supply satisfaction probability of the user to obtain the self-provided power supply correction term; Solve the sum of the power supply restoration importance for raw material preservation, the power supply restoration importance for production operation, and the power supply restoration importance considering the load startup characteristics for each load group, and sum them up to obtain the sum result of the power supply importance for each load group; Multiply the sum result of the power supply importance for each load group by the production function correction coefficient, the electric energy substitution probability correction coefficient, and the multi-energy collaborative load restoration process correction coefficient of the corresponding load group to obtain the comprehensive importance of each load group; Accumulate the comprehensive importance of all load groups, and multiply the accumulation result by the self-provided power supply correction term to obtain the power supply restoration importance of the user.

[0013] Preferably, the node power supply restoration importance considering the topological connection correction coefficient is solved based on the power supply restoration importance of the user, and is expressed by the following formula: Establish an undirected graph based on the power system topology; Sum the power supply restoration importance of all users within the node in the undirected graph to obtain the power supply restoration importance of the node; Sum the power supply restoration importance of the nodes directly connected to the node, and combine it with the sum of the power supply restoration importance of all nodes to solve the topological connection correction coefficient of the node; Multiply the topological connection correction coefficient of the node by the power supply restoration importance of the corresponding node to obtain the node power supply restoration importance considering the topological connection correction coefficient of the corresponding node.

[0014] Preferably, the topological connection correction coefficient of the solution node specifically includes: Obtain all adjacent nodes directly connected to node h; Accumulate the power supply restoration importance of all adjacent nodes to obtain the sum of the power supply restoration importance of all adjacent nodes; Accumulate the power supply restoration importance of all nodes to obtain the sum of the power supply restoration importance of all nodes; Divide the sum of the power supply restoration importance of all adjacent nodes by the sum of the power supply restoration importance of all nodes to obtain the topological connection correction coefficient of node h.

[0015] Preferably, generating a power supply restoration strategy based on the power supply restoration importance of the node considering the topological connection correction coefficient specifically includes: Obtain the total number of time steps M in the restoration evaluation period and the total number of nodes N to be restored in the system, where M > N. Let m represent the m-th time step in the restoration, m = 1, 2, 3, …, M, and n represent the n-th node to be restored in the system, n = 1, 2, 3, …, N; Solve the importance of each node to be restored in the system according to the power supply restoration importance of the node considering the topological connection correction coefficient; According to the importance of each node to be restored, use the solution tree to obtain the node to be restored at the m-th time step and simulate the execution of the restoration operation to obtain the power outage system after the restoration of the node to be restored at the m-th time step; Update the power outage system after the restoration of the node to be restored at the m-th time step. If m = N, there is no node to be restored in the system, and a power supply restoration strategy is generated; if m < N, set m = m + 1, continue to calculate the importance of the remaining nodes to be restored in the system and perform corresponding restorations until there is no node to be restored in the system, and a power supply restoration strategy is generated.

[0016] The second aspect of the present invention proposes a power system restoration system considering social functions and load start characteristics, which runs the power system restoration method considering social functions and load start characteristics described in the first aspect of the present invention, and includes: An importance parameter solving module, configured to calculate a power supply restoration importance parameter including a power supply restoration importance for raw material preservation, a power supply restoration importance for production operation, and a power supply restoration importance considering load start characteristics based on the absolute power outage duration; A correction coefficient solving module, configured to solve a correction coefficient of a power supply restoration importance parameter considering social functions including an equipment group production function correction coefficient, an electric energy substitution probability correction coefficient, and a multi-energy collaborative load restoration process correction coefficient; The user importance solving module is used to correct the power supply restoration importance parameter by using the correction coefficient of the power supply restoration importance parameter considering the social functions, so as to obtain the power supply restoration importance of the user; The node importance solving module is used to solve the power supply restoration importance of the node considering the topological connection correction coefficient according to the power supply restoration importance of the user; The power supply restoration strategy solving module is used to generate a power supply restoration strategy according to the power supply restoration importance of the node considering the topological connection correction coefficient, so as to realize the power system restoration considering the social functions and the load start characteristics.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention at least include: The present invention obtains the absolute power outage duration by modeling the dynamic power outage duration, quantifies the cumulative power outage time of the load, reduces the misjudgment of high-loss loads, constructs the power supply restoration importance considering the load start characteristics, such as but not limited to considering the number of equipment start requirements, the number of operating personnel requirements and the waste loss of equipment groups, dynamically adjusts the power supply restoration importance according to the change of load demand, quantifies the implicit restart cost, improves the accuracy of resource allocation, and reduces the additional economic loss; The present invention quantifies the coupling relationship between the power outage moment and the fixed working time of the load group, preferentially restores the equipment groups in the production window, avoids the production loss caused by delay, and dynamically adjusts the importance of the equipment groups according to the real-time power outage duration to optimize the resource allocation; The present invention maps the power supply restoration importance of the user including the social functions and the load start characteristics into the node. After aggregating the power supply restoration importance of the users in the node, the topological connection correction coefficient is formed by superimposing the importance of adjacent nodes, and the nodes in the current production chain are preferentially restored, so as to shorten the restoration time, improve the overall power grid restoration efficiency and resource utilization rate. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the influencing factors of the power supply restoration importance of the user provided according to the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the loss of production and living materials provided according to the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the IEEE118 system topology provided according to the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the comparison of the net benefits of the restoration strategy and the comparative restoration strategy provided according to the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiment

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the spirit of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] As Figure 1 shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a power system restoration method considering social functions and load startup characteristics, including the following steps: Step 1: Calculate the power supply restoration importance parameters including the power supply restoration importance for raw material preservation, the power supply restoration importance for production operation, and the power supply restoration importance considering load startup characteristics based on the absolute power outage duration.

[0021] Step 1.1: Solve the absolute power outage duration; Some users with a certain production scale have electric energy supply equipment. When a power outage occurs, other available energy sources can be converted into electric energy through the electric energy supply equipment to continue production activities. Usually, the power supply capacity of the electric energy supply equipment is limited and cannot continuously meet the electric energy demand of users. When the power outage duration is less than the energy supply duration of the electric energy supply equipment, the user is not affected by the power outage; when the power outage duration exceeds the energy supply duration of the electric energy supply equipment, the user is affected by the power outage. Define the actual power outage duration experienced by the user as the absolute power outage duration, which is obtained by subtracting the energy supply duration of the electric energy supply equipment from the power outage duration:

[0022] In the formula, is the absolute power outage duration; is the power outage moment; when the user has the th type of energy's electric energy supply equipment and can obtain energy supply, otherwise , = 1, 2,..., A, A represents the number of energy types of the electric energy supply equipment; is the continuous power supply duration provided by the th type of energy's electric energy supply equipment for the user; is the absolute power outage start moment.

[0023] Step 1.2, solving the power supply restoration importance parameter according to the absolute power outage duration, wherein the power supply restoration importance parameter includes the power supply restoration importance for raw material preservation of power-consuming equipment, the power supply restoration importance for production operation, and the power supply restoration importance taking into account load startup characteristics.

[0024] Step 1.2.1, calculate the importance of power supply restoration for power-consuming equipment to preserve raw materials based on the absolute power outage duration and the absolute power outage start time.

[0025] Power outages cause equipment to be unable to provide the required storage environment for raw materials, resulting in raw material loss. If power can be restored in time so that the equipment can continue to provide the storage environment for raw materials, it can be regarded as the importance of power restoration for raw material preservation.

[0026] The importance of restoring power supply for raw material preservation and the importance of restoring power supply for production operation are mainly related to the actual downtime of the equipment, that is, the absolute power outage duration that exceeds the self-supplied power supply duration. The longer the absolute power outage duration of the equipment group, the greater the raw material loss and normal operation loss, and the greater the importance of power supply restoration in time.

[0027] Some of the production and living materials of users with validity periods can extend their validity periods by providing a certain storage environment through power supply. Once a power outage occurs, the storage environment will fail, causing the production and living materials to fail, resulting in losses to users. A short power outage may have little impact on the storage environment, but if the power outage is long, the storage environment will change significantly in a short period of time, causing the validity period of the production and living materials to be shortened and become invalid in an exponential manner. When the power outage continues to increase, the production and living materials of users will eventually become invalid, and the loss is the cost of all production and living materials.

[0028] Losses caused by failure of production and living materials Figure 2 As shown, the absolute power outage duration The calculation formula for the importance of power supply restoration for raw material preservation of equipment is as follows:

[0029] In the formula, The importance of restoring power supply to electrical equipment for material preservation; is the purchase cost of the b-th type of production and living materials, b=1, 2, 3, ..., B; B represents the types of production and living materials; The expiration rate of the b-th type of production and living materials; The starting time of failure of the b-th type of production and living means after power outage; is the normal preservation duration after the power outage of the b-th type of means of production and livelihood; is the normal failure coefficient of the means of production and livelihood; is the initial failure coefficient of the means of production and livelihood.

[0030] and are as shown in the following formula:

[0031] Step 1.2.2: Solve the power supply restoration importance for the electrical equipment facing production operation according to the absolute power outage duration.

[0032] The operation loss caused by the power outage that makes the equipment group unable to produce normally. If the power supply can be restored in time to enable the equipment group to continue production, it can be regarded as the power supply restoration importance for the production operation. The power supply restoration importance for the normal operation is mainly reflected in the loss obtained by the user's normal production activities during the power outage period. The calculation formula for the power supply restoration importance for the production operation is as follows:

[0033] In the formula, is the power supply restoration importance for the production operation; is the normal operation loss per unit duration of the equipment.

[0034] Step 1.2.3: Solve the power supply restoration importance considering the load startup characteristics of the electrical equipment according to the absolute power outage duration.

[0035] The power outage causes the equipment group to stop running. Some equipment groups have special load characteristics, such as large startup costs or require a large number of personnel to assist in production. The losses caused by the restart of the equipment after shutdown, the loss of personnel input costs, and the waste loss caused by production stoppage. If the power supply can be restored in time to enable the equipment group to continue production, it can be regarded as the power supply restoration importance considering the load startup characteristics. The power supply restoration importance considering the load startup characteristics includes the cost of starting up after the equipment group stops, the personnel input costs that still need to be paid after the equipment group is shut down, and the waste loss caused by the shutdown.

[0036] The importance of power supply restoration considering the load startup characteristics is mainly related to the duration characteristics of equipment, including the startup and shutdown costs of equipment, the personnel requirements for equipment operation, and the scrap rate affected by equipment production. When there are more production characteristics of the equipment group, that is, the greater the loss caused by power outage to the equipment group, the greater the importance of power supply restoration that can promptly restore power to it. Some equipment groups require a large startup cost when starting up. When restarting after being shut down due to a power outage, it will cause a large startup cost, which is included in the importance of equipment characteristics. Then, the importance of power supply restoration considering the load startup characteristics is calculated as follows:

[0037] In the formula, is the importance of power supply restoration considering the load startup characteristics; is the number of startup requirements of the equipment group; is the number of operating personnel input requirements of the equipment group; is the scrap loss of the equipment group.

[0038] It should be noted that the existing technology ignores the impact of power outage duration on the importance of the load, resulting in misjudgment of high-loss loads. Using expert experience to statically evaluate the importance of the load does not consider the change of load demand, leading to inaccurate resource allocation, and ignores the load startup characteristics. For example, but not limited to, a large amount of manpower is required for equipment restart or waste products are generated, causing significant economic losses. The present invention obtains the absolute power outage duration by modeling the dynamic power outage duration, quantifies the cumulative power outage time of the load, reduces the misjudgment of high-loss loads, constructs the importance of power supply restoration considering the load startup characteristics, such as but not limited to considering the number of equipment startup requirements, the number of operating personnel requirements, and the scrap loss of the equipment group, dynamically adjusts the importance of power supply restoration according to the change of load demand, quantifies the implicit restart cost, improves the accuracy of resource allocation, and reduces additional economic losses.

[0039] Step 2: Solve the correction coefficient of the importance parameter of power supply restoration considering social functions, including the production function correction coefficient of the equipment group, the electric energy substitution probability correction coefficient, and the multi-energy collaborative load restoration process correction coefficient.

[0040] Step 2.1: Solve the production function correction coefficient of the equipment group.

[0041] There are multiple equipment groups within the user. There may be close connections in the production process among them, and the importance of different equipment groups in the production process is also different. The production function of the equipment group describes the relationship between this equipment group and other equipment groups in the production process. When the equipment group is an important link in the production process, the production function of the equipment group is important, and it is necessary to correct the importance of its power supply restoration to improve its restoration importance.

[0042] Step 2.1.1: Select a number between 0 and 10 according to different power outage durations and set it as the demand degree score of the load group.

[0043] For all load groups, the number selected between 0 and 10 according to different power outage durations is set as the demand degree score of the load group, expressing the user demand degree of the load group (where 0 means no pain and 10 means extreme pain). The load groups are divided according to the maximum allowable power outage duration, specifically including: Set the load with a maximum allowable power outage duration less than A1 in the load group as the special-level load and set the demand degree score of the load group as B1 points; Set the load with a maximum allowable power outage duration greater than A1 and less than or equal to A2 in the load group as the first-level load and set the demand degree score of the load group as B2 points; Set the load with a maximum allowable power outage duration greater than A2 and less than or equal to A3 in the load group as the second-level load and set the demand degree score of the load group as B3 points; Set the load with a maximum allowable power outage duration greater than 2 hours in the load group as the third-level load and set the demand degree score of the load group as B4 points.

[0044] For example, divide the load groups into special-level loads (no power outage, 0 seconds of tolerance), first-level loads ( ≤15 minutes), second-level loads ( ≤2 hours) and third-level loads (can be interrupted for a long time) according to the power supply continuity requirements, and automatically associate the NRS basic scores: the demand degree score of the load group of the special-level load is 8 points, the demand degree score of the load group of the first-level load is 6 points, the demand degree score of the load group of the second-level load is 3 points, and the demand degree score of the load group of the third-level load is 1 point.

[0045] Step 2.1.2: Fit the demand degree of the load group based on the power outage duration and the demand degree score of the load group.

[0046]

[0047] In the formula, is the demand degree of the i-th load group, ; is the number of load groups; is the power outage duration; is the demand degree of the i-th load group with a parameter vector; represents the parameter vector.

[0048]

[0049] In the formula, is the user demand degree of the i-th load group after normalization, where i = 1, …, I.

[0050] Step 2.1.3: Solve the parameter of the influence degree of the power outage time on the load during the set working time.

[0051] The power outage moment has a greater impact on the load groups with useful energy demand at specific times. The power outage moment needs to consider the change in the load importance during the fixed working period of the load. The load importance increases within the fixed working period of the load; during the non-fixed working period, the load importance decreases. In addition, the closer the power outage moment is to the starting moment of the fixed working period of the load, the greater the impact; the closer it is to the ending moment of the fixed working period of the load, the smaller the impact. The impact of the power outage moment on the load during the set working time can be expressed by the following formula:

[0052] In the formula, is the influence degree of the load group affected by the power outage moment; is the total load power of the user; is the power of the load group at the c-th set working time, where c = 1, 2, 3, …, C; C represents the total number of load groups at the set working time, represents the power outage duration; is the starting working moment of the c-th load group with a set working time; is the ending working moment of the c-th load group with a set working time.

[0053] The production function of the equipment group includes the role of the equipment group in the production process and the influence of the working period. When the role of the equipment group in the production process is more important and the power outage period occurs within its working period, the power supply restoration importance of the equipment group is higher, and then a positive correction is made to its power supply restoration importance. Then the correction of the production function of the equipment group to the power supply restoration importance is shown by the following formula.

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, is the correction coefficient of the production function of the equipment group.

[0056] It should be noted that the prior art does not consider the time dependence of the production functions of equipment groups in the production chain. When recovery resources are allocated to equipment that cannot be immediately put into production, it causes resource waste and prolongs the recovery time of the overall production chain. The present invention quantifies the coupling relationship between the power outage moment and the fixed working hours of the load group, preferentially recovers the equipment groups in the production window, avoids production losses caused by delays, and dynamically adjusts the importance of equipment groups according to the real-time power outage duration to optimize resource allocation.

[0057] Step 2.2, solve the correction coefficient of the electricity energy substitution probability.

[0058] Among the numerous functions realized by equipment groups, some functions that require electric functions can be supplied by using other energy sources. The more equipment in the equipment group can be powered by other energy sources and the more such energy source equipment there is, the lower the demand for electric energy of the equipment group, the lower the urgency of power supply recovery, and the importance of its power supply recovery needs to be corrected to reduce its recovery importance. Some equipment groups require multiple energy sources to supply energy collaboratively to complete the production process. When some energy sources may not be available after a power outage, the equipment group cannot produce normally even after the power supply is restored. When all other energy sources of the equipment group can be obtained and only the power supply is lacking, the importance of the power supply recovery of the load group is high.

[0059] The electricity energy substitution probability affects the substitutability of electric energy. The demands of users for thermal loads, cold loads, mechanical loads, etc. can be provided by energy sources such as electric energy, natural gas, and water.

[0060] The electricity energy substitution probability mainly affects the load demands that can use other energy sources to replace electric energy. Such loads mainly reduce the load importance in the dimension of electric energy during power outages by using other energy sources, and it can be reflected by the number of energy types used for various load demands of users and the number of equipment using such energy sources. When the number of energy types is more and the number of equipment using each energy source is more, the importance of electric energy is lower.

[0061]

[0062] In the formula, is the correction coefficient of the electricity energy substitution probability, is the total number of terminal energy consumption types obtained by converting through electrical equipment. Terminal energy consumption types include electric energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc.; is the total number of equipment that can provide energy conversion services for the th type of terminal energy consumption; is the total number of energy systems that supply energy to the equipment that provides energy conversion services for the th type of terminal energy consumption, , when When it represents the The terminal energy consumption can only obtain energy supply from the power system; For the type of terminal energy consumption, the total number of devices obtaining energy supply from the th energy system, When it is obtaining energy from the power system, When , otherwise , where is the energy acquisition coefficient from the th energy terminal; represents the user's willingness to convert the demand for the type of terminal energy consumption after a power outage into the supply of the th energy system. Taking 1 represents that the user fully agrees to convert the power supply into the supply of the th energy system, and 0 represents full disagreement; is the available energy supply status of the th energy system. 1 means normal energy supply, and 0 means unable to supply energy.

[0063] Step 2.3, solve the correction coefficient of the multi - energy collaborative load restoration process.

[0064] Some users need the collaborative supply of energy such as electric energy, water, and natural gas for daily production work. When other energies in the region cannot be supplied collaboratively with electric energy, the importance of the single electric energy supply to users is greatly reduced. The variables affecting the electricity demand in the multi - energy restoration process are the user's demand for multi - energy collaborative supply and the supply situation of other energies during the power supply restoration process.

[0065] The multi - energy restoration process mainly affects the production processes that require the collaborative use of multiple energies. When other energies in the power outage area cannot be restored in time, even if the production process gets electric energy, it cannot resume normal operation. Then the importance of the power supply for this production process is reduced, and the power supply situation is not the decisive factor causing losses. The power restoration process needs to determine through questionnaires whether each production process of users requires multi - energy collaboration and whether other required energies are restored during the power outage restoration time.

[0066]

[0067] In the formula, is the correction coefficient of the multi - energy collaborative load restoration process; is the restoration importance of the f - th production process, f = 1,..., F, where F represents the total number of production processes; For the multi-energy collaborative situation of the f-th generation process, when this generation process requires multi-energy collaboration; otherwise, it does not.

[0068] Step 3: Use the correction coefficient of the power supply restoration importance parameter considering the social function to correct the power supply restoration importance parameter to obtain the power supply restoration importance of the user;

[0069] In the formula, is the power supply restoration importance of the user; is the power supply restoration importance of the electrical equipment in the i-th load group for raw material preservation, i = 1,..., I, is the number of load groups; is the power supply restoration importance of the i-th load group for normal operation; is the power supply restoration importance of the i-th load group considering the load start characteristics; is the production function correction coefficient of the i-th load group; is the correction coefficient of the electrical energy substitution probability of the i-th load group; is the correction coefficient of the multi-energy collaborative load restoration process of the i-th load group, is the self-provided power supply satisfaction probability of the user. The specific solution process includes: The self-provided power supply ability affects the urgency of the user's energy demand. The stronger the self-provided power supply ability, the weaker the urgency of the user's energy demand. The self-provided power supply ability is related to the number of the user's electrical energy supply equipment and the power supply ability of the electrical energy supply equipment. The self-provided power supply ability mainly affects users who can convert other energy into electrical energy supply. It is mainly divided into three parts: ① Whether other energy is supplied at the power outage moment ② Whether the user has electrical energy supply equipment ③ The power supply ability of the electrical energy supply equipment owned by the user (whether the supplied power meets the load demand and the power supply duration), which is expressed by the following formula:

[0070] In the formula, is the self-provided power supply satisfaction probability; is for the electric power provided by the electrical energy supply equipment of the n-th type of energy, ; A represents the number of types of energy of the electrical energy supply equipment; When the user has the power supply equipment of the nth type of energy and can obtain power supply, otherwise ; is the required electric power of the user; is the time coefficient of the self-provided power supply satisfaction rate of the nth type of energy, expressed by the following formula:

[0071] In the formula, is the power consumption time; is the continuous power supply duration provided by the power supply equipment of the ath type of energy for the user.

[0072] Step 4: According to the power supply restoration importance of the user in Step 3, solve the node power supply restoration importance considering the topological connection correction coefficient.

[0073] Step 4.1: Solve the node power supply restoration importance; Based on the idea of graph theory, an undirected graph G(V, E) is established according to the power system topology, where V represents the buses and T-joints in the system, and E represents the power lines in the system.

[0074] The node power supply restoration importance can be obtained by summing the power supply restoration importance of all users within the node. When the sum of the power supply restoration importance of users is larger, the power supply restoration importance of this node is higher. The sum of the power supply restoration importance of a node can be obtained by summing the power supply restoration importance of all equipment groups, as shown in the following formula:

[0075] In the formula, is the power supply restoration importance of node h, h = 1,..., H, where H represents the number of nodes; is the power supply restoration importance of the jth user within node h, j = 1,..., J, where J represents the number of users.

[0076] Step 4.2: Solve the node topology correction coefficient.

[0077] During the restoration process of the system, when the number of nodes directly connected to a node is larger, there are more power supply restoration paths passing through this node in the scheme, and its power supply restoration importance is higher; when the power supply restoration importance of the connected nodes is higher, the number of schemes for preferentially restoring this node is more, and its power supply restoration importance is higher. In graph theory, the number of edges directly connected to a node is used as the degree of the node, and based on this concept, the node topological connection correction coefficient is established, as shown in Equation (16).

[0078]

[0079] In the formula, represents the topological connection correction coefficient of the node ; represents the power supply restoration importance of the -th node directly connected to the node , , represents the total number of nodes directly connected to the node .

[0080] Step 4.3: Multiply the topological connection correction coefficient of the node by the power supply restoration importance of the corresponding node to obtain the power supply restoration importance of the node considering the topological connection correction coefficient.

[0081] Then, the power supply restoration importance of the node considering the topological connection correction coefficient can be expressed by the following formula:

[0082] In the formula, is the power supply restoration importance of the node considering the topological connection correction coefficient for node h; is the topological connection correction coefficient of node h; is the power supply restoration importance of node h.

[0083] It should be noted that the prior art does not consider the relationship between the user's social function quantization node and the production chain, resulting in the disconnection between the restoration order and production, which not only causes waste of restoration resources but also leads to an increase in actual economic losses. The present invention maps the power supply restoration importance of users including user social functions and load startup characteristics into the node. After aggregating the power supply restoration importance of users in the node, the topological connection correction coefficient is formed by superimposing the importance of adjacent nodes, and the nodes currently in the production chain are preferentially restored, shortening the restoration time, improving the overall restoration efficiency of the power grid and resource utilization rate.

[0084] Step 5: Make a power supply restoration decision according to the power supply restoration importance of the node considering the topological connection correction coefficient in Step 4 to achieve the power supply restoration of the power system.

[0085] The feasibility and effectiveness of the present invention are verified through simulation, and the system topology is as Figure 3 shown.

[0086] According to the importance evaluation method of the present invention, the basic steps for making a restoration decision are as follows: 1. Determine the total number of time steps M for the restoration evaluation period and the total number of nodes N to be restored in the system, where M > N, and let the initial number of steps m = 1.

[0087] 2. According to the power outage scenario, evaluate the importance of each node to be restored in the system.

[0088] 3. According to the importance evaluation values of each node, make a restoration decision according to the idea of the solution tree, determine the nodes to be restored at the m-th time step, and simulate the execution of the restoration operation.

[0089] 4. Update the power outage scenario. If m = n, there are no nodes to be restored in the system, and calculate the net restoration benefit of all nodes simulated to the M-th time step; if m < n, then m = m + 1 and go back to step 2.

[0090] Set the comparison restoration strategy: Make a restoration decision according to the importance of fixed users. Conduct a simulated restoration according to the comparison restoration strategy, and compare its net restoration benefit with that of the restoration strategy of the present invention as Figure 4 shown.

[0091] Among them, the blue line is the net restoration benefit curve of the restoration strategy of the present invention, and the orange line is the net restoration benefit curve of the comparison restoration strategy. At 04:00, the net restoration benefit of the strategy of the present invention is 5.51% higher than that of the comparison strategy; at the end of the evaluation, the net restoration benefit of the strategy of the present invention is 3.33% higher than that of the comparison strategy. It can be seen that in the process of power grid restoration, conducting an importance evaluation of users considering social functions and load start-up characteristics can effectively accelerate the restoration of important users in the power grid and improve the net restoration benefit of the power grid.

[0092] The corrected power supply restoration importance of a node can be obtained by summing the corrected power supply restoration importance of all users in the node and then correcting it with the node topology connection correction coefficient. When the sum of the corrected power supply restoration importance of users is larger and the node topology connection correction coefficient is larger, the corrected power supply restoration importance of the node is higher.

[0093] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a power system restoration system considering social functions and load start-up characteristics, which runs the power system restoration method considering social functions and load start-up characteristics described in Embodiment 1, including: An importance parameter solving module, configured to calculate a power supply restoration importance parameter including a power supply restoration importance for raw material preservation, a power supply restoration importance for production operation, and a power supply restoration importance considering load start-up characteristics based on the absolute power outage duration; calculate a power supply restoration importance parameter including a power supply restoration importance for raw material preservation, a power supply restoration importance for production operation, and a power supply restoration importance considering load start-up characteristics based on the absolute power outage duration; A correction coefficient solving module, which is used to solve the correction coefficient of the power supply restoration importance parameter considering social functions, including the production function correction coefficient of the equipment group, the electricity consumption substitution probability correction coefficient, and the multi-energy collaborative load restoration process correction coefficient; A user importance solving module, which is used to correct the power supply restoration importance parameter by using the correction coefficient of the power supply restoration importance parameter considering social functions to obtain the power supply restoration importance of the user; A node importance solving module, which is used to solve the power supply restoration importance of the node considering the topological connection correction coefficient according to the power supply restoration importance of the user; A power supply restoration strategy solving module, which is used to generate a power supply restoration strategy according to the power supply restoration importance of the node considering the topological connection correction coefficient to realize the power system restoration considering social functions and load start characteristics.

[0094] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention at least include: The present invention obtains the absolute power outage duration by modeling the dynamic power outage duration, quantifies the cumulative power outage time of the load, reduces the misjudgment of high-loss loads, constructs the power supply restoration importance considering the load start characteristics, such as but not limited to considering the number of equipment start requirements, the number of operating personnel requirements, and the waste loss of the equipment group, dynamically adjusts the power supply restoration importance according to the change of load demand, quantifies the implicit restart cost, improves the accuracy of resource allocation, and reduces additional economic losses; The present invention quantifies the coupling relationship between the power outage moment and the fixed working time of the load group, preferentially restores the equipment group in the production window to avoid production losses caused by delays, and dynamically adjusts the importance of the equipment group according to the real-time power outage duration to optimize resource allocation; The present invention maps the power supply restoration importance of the user including the user's social function and load start characteristics into the node. After aggregating the power supply restoration importance of the users in the node, the topological connection correction coefficient is formed by superimposing the importance of adjacent nodes, and preferentially restores the nodes currently in the production chain, shortening the restoration time, improving the overall power grid restoration efficiency and resource utilization rate.

[0095] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the specific implementation manners of the present invention can still be modified or equivalently replaced, and any modification or equivalent replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for restoring a power system taking into account social functions and load starting characteristics, characterized in that: Based on the absolute power outage duration, power supply restoration importance parameters are calculated, including power supply restoration importance for raw material preservation, power supply restoration importance for production operation, and power supply restoration importance taking into account load startup characteristics; Solve the correction coefficient of the power supply restoration importance parameter taking into account social functions, including the equipment group production function correction coefficient, the electric energy substitution probability correction coefficient and the multi-energy coordinated load restoration process correction coefficient; The power supply restoration importance parameter is corrected using a correction coefficient of the power supply restoration importance parameter taking into account social functions to obtain the power supply restoration importance of the user; According to the importance of power supply restoration of users, the importance of power supply restoration of nodes taking into account the topological connection correction coefficient is solved; According to the importance of node power supply restoration taking into account the topological connection correction coefficient, a power supply restoration strategy is generated to achieve power system restoration taking into account social functions and load starting characteristics.

2. A method for restoring a power system taking into account social functions and load starting characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The absolute power outage duration specifically includes: Obtain the time difference between the time corresponding to the calculation of the absolute power outage duration and the power outage time; Obtain the number of energy types of the power supply equipment and determine the continuous power supply duration provided by the energy power supply equipment to the user; For each type of energy, determine whether the user has an electric energy supply device for that type of energy and obtains energy supply. If so, the user obtains energy supply. Otherwise, the user does not obtain energy supply. Sum the continuous power supply duration provided by all electric energy supply devices of the corresponding energy that obtain energy supply to the user, and obtain the total power supply duration of all energy supply devices. Subtract the total power supply duration of all energy devices from the time difference to obtain the absolute power outage duration.

3. The method for restoring a power system taking into account social functions and load startup characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The importance of power supply restoration taking into account load startup characteristics specifically includes: Obtain the startup requirements of the equipment group, the required number of operating personnel of the equipment group, and the scrap loss of the equipment group; Multiply the absolute power outage duration by the required number of equipment group operators to obtain the total manpower requirement during the absolute power outage. The number of equipment group startup requirements, the total manpower requirements during the absolute power outage, and the equipment group scrap loss are summed to obtain the power supply restoration importance taking into account the load startup characteristics.

4. The method for restoring a power system taking into account social functions and load starting characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The production function correction coefficient of the equipment group is specifically solved by: According to the different power outage durations, select a number between 0 and 10 to set as the demand score of the load group; The demand degree of the load group is obtained by fitting based on the power outage duration and the demand degree score of the load group; Normalize the demand of the load group; Determine the parameters of the degree of influence of power outage time on the load during the set working time; Multiply the load impact parameter of the set working time by the normalized load group demand to obtain the equipment group production function correction coefficient.

5. A method for restoring a power system taking into account social functions and load starting characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that: The parameters of the degree of influence of the power outage time on the load during the set working time specifically include: Obtain the start working time and end working time of each load group with set working time, and calculate the working time window of each load group with set working time; Divide the power of each load group with set working time by the corresponding working time window of each load group with set working time to obtain the influence factor of a single load group; Sum the impact factors of all load groups and divide them by the total load power of the user to normalize them, and obtain the normalized impact parameter; The normalized impact parameter is multiplied by the power outage duration to obtain the load impact parameter of the power outage time on the set working time.

6. The method for restoring a power system taking into account social functions and load startup characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The importance of power supply restoration of the user specifically includes: Subtract the user's self-provided power supply satisfaction probability from 1 to obtain the self-provided power supply correction term; Solve the power supply restoration importance for raw material preservation, the power supply restoration importance for production operation and the power supply restoration importance taking into account the load startup characteristics of each load group, and sum them up to obtain the power supply importance sum result of each load group; The sum of the power supply importance of each load group is multiplied by the production function correction coefficient, the electric energy substitution probability correction coefficient and the multi-energy coordinated load recovery process correction coefficient of the corresponding load group to obtain the comprehensive importance of each load group; The comprehensive importance of all load groups is accumulated, and the accumulated result is multiplied by the self-provided power supply correction term to obtain the user's power supply restoration importance.

7. The method for restoring a power system taking into account social functions and load starting characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of solving the node power supply restoration importance taking into account the topology connection correction coefficient according to the power supply restoration importance of the user specifically includes: Establish an undirected graph based on the power system topology; The power supply restoration importance of all users in the node of the undirected graph is summed up to obtain the power supply restoration importance of the node; The power supply restoration importance of nodes directly connected to the node is summed, and the topological connection correction coefficient of the node is solved by combining the sum of the power supply restoration importance of all nodes; The topological connection correction coefficient of the node is multiplied by the power supply restoration importance of the corresponding node to obtain the node power supply restoration importance of the corresponding node taking into account the topological connection correction coefficient.

8. A method for restoring a power system taking into account social functions and load starting characteristics according to claim 7, characterized in that: The topological connection correction coefficient of the node to be solved specifically includes: Get all adjacent nodes directly connected to node h; Accumulate the power supply restoration importance of all adjacent nodes to obtain the sum of the power supply restoration importance of all adjacent nodes; Accumulate the power supply restoration importance of all nodes to obtain the sum of the power supply restoration importance of all nodes; The topological connection correction coefficient of node h is obtained by dividing the sum of the power supply restoration importances of all adjacent nodes by the sum of the power supply restoration importances of all nodes.

9. The method for restoring a power system taking into account social functions and load startup characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: Generate a power restoration strategy based on the importance of node power supply restoration considering the topological connection correction coefficient, specifically including: Obtain the total number of time steps M in the restoration evaluation period and the total number of nodes N to be restored in the system. Among them, M > N. Let m represent the m-th restoration time step, where m = 1, 2, 3, …, M, and n represent the n-th node to be restored in the system, where n = 1, 2, 3, …, N; Solve the importance of each node to be restored in the system according to the importance of node power supply restoration considering the topological connection correction coefficient; According to the importance of each node to be restored, use the scenario tree to obtain the nodes to be restored at the m-th time step and simulate the execution of the restoration operation to obtain the power outage system after the restoration of the nodes to be restored at the m-th time step; Update the power outage system after the restoration of the nodes to be restored at the m-th time step. If m = N, there are no nodes to be restored in the system, and a power restoration strategy is generated; if m < N, set m = m + 1, continue to calculate the importance of the remaining nodes to be restored in the system and restore them correspondingly until there are no nodes to be restored in the system, and a power restoration strategy is generated.

10. A power system restoration system considering social functions and load start-up characteristics, which operates the power system restoration method considering social functions and load start-up characteristics according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: An importance parameter solving module, which is used to calculate the power supply restoration importance parameters including the power supply restoration importance for raw material preservation, the power supply restoration importance for production operation, and the power supply restoration importance considering load start-up characteristics based on the absolute power outage duration; A correction coefficient solving module, which is used to solve the correction coefficients of the power supply restoration importance parameters considering social functions including the production function correction coefficient of the equipment group, the electricity substitution probability correction coefficient, and the multi-energy collaborative load restoration process correction coefficient; A user importance solving module, which is used to correct the power supply restoration importance parameters using the correction coefficients of the power supply restoration importance parameters considering social functions to obtain the power supply restoration importance of the user; A node importance solving module, which is used to solve the node power supply restoration importance considering the topological connection correction coefficient based on the power supply restoration importance of the user; A power restoration strategy solving module, which is used to generate a power restoration strategy according to the node power supply restoration importance considering the topological connection correction coefficient to realize the power system restoration considering social functions and load start-up characteristics.

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