Suspended Chinese yam harvester

Abstract

The invention discloses a suspension type Chinese yam harvester which comprises a tractor, a ditching mechanism, a vibration shoveling mechanism, a soil cleaning and conveying device and a soil collecting and backfilling mechanism. The tractor is connected with and drives the ditching mechanism, the vibration shoveling mechanism and the soil cleaning and conveying device; the ditching mechanism is provided with a ditching chain and a ditching cutter; the vibration shoveling and collecting mechanism is provided with a vibration frame, a conveying grid and a vibration soil breaking blade; cage-shaped soil removing rollers are arranged on a frame body of the soil cleaning and conveying device at intervals; the collecting and soil backfilling mechanism comprises a collecting and soil removing rotating roller and a ridging and soil backfilling disc; the ridging and soil returning disc enables soil to be collected to the middle of the two discs in the rotating process. The device can complete the whole working process of ditching, Chinese yam vibration shoveling and collecting and Chinese yam soil removing, conveying and collecting in the working process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a harvesting machine, and more specifically to a suspended yam harvester. Background Art

[0002] For yam harvesting, there are currently two methods, one is manual harvesting and the other is mechanical harvesting. Manual harvesting is limited to small-scale scattered planting, while large-scale and commercial planting requires mechanical harvesting.

[0003] For mechanical harvesting, as disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN216853098U, a vibrating yam harvester is disclosed, which includes a suspension mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a ditching mechanism, and a vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism; the suspension mechanism includes a frame and a suspension, and the frame is connected to a tractor; the transmission mechanism includes a gearbox and a hydraulic motor, the output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the ditching mechanism, and the output end of the hydraulic motor is connected to the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism; the ditching mechanism includes a ditching chain, a ditching chain support frame, and a spiral soil discharger. The ditching chain is arranged in two rows side by side, each row includes a chain, a driving sprocket, and a driven sprocket, and a ditching chain cutter is connected to the chain; the spiral soil discharger is connected to the suspension mechanism, and both the spiral soil discharger and the ditching chain are offset to one side of the suspension; the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism includes a vibrating shovel, an eccentric wheel, and a vibrating rod. The output end of the hydraulic motor is connected to the eccentric wheel through a transmission component, the upper end of the vibrating rod is connected to the eccentric wheel, and the lower end of the vibrating rod is connected to the vibrating shovel. The working process or principle is as follows: The tractor drives the whole machine forward by using a three-point suspension device. At this time, the output shaft of the tractor drives the ditching chain and the spiral soil discharger to start working through a universal joint connected to the gearbox. The first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder on the frame respectively realize the change of the digging depth and angle. At the same time, the tractor conveys energy to the hydraulic motor through an oil pipe, the hydraulic motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate, and then drives the vibrating shovel through the vibrating rod and the fixed rod to realize the up-and-down reciprocating movement of the mechanism, separating the yam from the soil. As the tractor moves forward, finally, the yam can be directly pulled out from the soft soil by hand.

[0004] The problems it has are: Yam harvesting still requires manual pulling and cannot complete automatic harvesting; due to the high working efficiency of the mechanical setting, there is also the problem of low harvesting efficiency in manual pulling.

[0005] Although the machine realizes functions such as ditching, breaking soil, and separating soil from vegetables, in actual operation, yams are brittle and prone to breakage or damage during mechanical harvesting. The damage rate of existing mechanical harvesting equipment is relatively high, affecting the commercial value of yams. The transmission mechanism and vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism of this machine are relatively complex, involving multiple components such as hydraulic cylinders, chains, and bearings. The installation and maintenance are cumbersome, and the cost of replacing parts is relatively high. The design of the hydraulic motor driving the vibration mechanism results in extremely unstable system pressure pulsation, causing the temperature of the hydraulic oil to rise sharply with the increase of working time. After continuous operation for 4 hours, the viscosity of the hydraulic oil drops by 35%, and the failure probability of the seals increases by 6 times. Completely relying on manual picking, there is a high probability of major accidents during the working process. The ditching chain is not protected, and manual picking is extremely dangerous. Two workers are required to pick up yams during the picking process, and the comprehensive cost is 1.8 times that of manual harvesting. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a suspended yam harvester, which can complete all the working processes of ditching, vibrating shovel harvesting of yams, removing soil, conveying, and collecting yams during operation.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical means:

[0008] A suspended yam harvester includes a tractor, a ditching mechanism, a vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism, a soil cleaning and conveying device, and a collecting and backfilling soil mechanism.

[0009] The tractor is connected to drive the ditching mechanism, the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism, and the soil cleaning and conveying device.

[0010] The ditching mechanism is provided with a pair of ditching chains arranged at intervals, and the ditching chains are provided with ditching knives arranged at intervals. The ditching chains are driven to rotate to drive the ditching knives to work.

[0011] The vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the ditching mechanism. The vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism is provided with a vibrating frame, the vibrating frame is driven to vibrate continuously, the bottom end of the vibrating frame is connected with a conveying grid, and a vibrating soil-breaking blade is arranged at the front end of the conveying grid.

[0012] The soil cleaning and conveying device is arranged at the rear side and the side of the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism. The soil cleaning and conveying device includes a driving motor, a cage-shaped soil-removing roller, side guard plates, and a chain transmission protective cover; the soil cleaning and conveying device is provided with a frame body, the cage-shaped soil-removing rollers are arranged at intervals on the frame body, there is a rotating interval between adjacent cage-shaped soil-removing rollers, the driving motor drives the cage-shaped soil-removing rollers to rotate through a transmission chain, the soil cleaning and conveying device is inclined, its bottom end is arranged below the side of the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism, its top end is arranged at the collecting and backfilling soil mechanism, side guard plates are arranged on both sides of the cage-shaped soil-removing rollers of the frame body, and a chain transmission protective cover is arranged at the transmission chain.

[0013] The soil collection and backfilling mechanism includes a soil removal and collection rotating roller, a soil collection and backfilling seat plate, and a ridging and soil backfilling disc; a soil dropping opening is provided at the front side of the soil collection and backfilling seat plate, and the soil removal and collection rotating roller arranged at intervals is provided in the soil dropping opening. Both ends of the soil removal and collection rotating roller are hinged to the soil collection and backfilling seat plate; a pair of ridging and soil backfilling discs are provided at the bottom surface of the rear side of the soil collection and backfilling seat plate. The ridging and soil backfilling discs are hinged to the bottom end of the disc frame, and the top end of the disc frame is connected to the soil collection and backfilling seat plate; the front end interval of the ridging and soil backfilling disc is large, and the rear end interval is small. During the rotation of the ridging and soil backfilling disc, the soil is gathered towards the middle of the two discs.

[0014] The present invention adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, its prominent features are:

[0015] (1) By using the ditch opening mechanism, the ditch opening chain is driven to operate to drive the ditch opening knife to work, and the soil on both sides of the yam is excavated and ditched.

[0016] (2) By arranging the vibrating shovel collecting mechanism at the rear side of the ditch opening mechanism, the yam and soil blocks are shoveled down by the vibrating shovel. The vibrating shovel and the conveying frame are vibrated by the vibrating frame, so as to remove the soil attached to the yam for the first time and convey the yam backward.

[0017] (3) By arranging the soil cleaning and conveying device at the side rear of the vibrating shovel collecting mechanism, and using the cage-shaped soil removing rollers arranged at intervals on the frame body to drive, while continuously conveying the yam obliquely upward, the soil leaks through the intervals between the cage holes or cage bars of the cage-shaped soil removing rollers themselves and the intervals between adjacent cage-shaped soil removing rollers, so as to remove the soil attached to the yam for the second time.

[0018] (4) The soil leaks through the intervals between the soil removal and collection rotating rollers of the soil collection and backfilling mechanism, so as to remove the soil attached to the yam for the third time. At the same time, the rotation of the ridging and soil backfilling disc is also used to gather the soil towards the middle of the two discs.

[0019] The further preferred technical solutions are as follows:

[0020] The ditch opening mechanism is provided with a worm and worm gear reducer, a ditch opening chain, a driving sprocket A, a driven sprocket B, a spiral mud discharging rotor, a lower wheel frame, and a ditch opening transmission shaft; both sides of the worm and worm gear reducer drive the driving sprocket A through the ditch opening transmission shaft and the JFL type elastic sleeve pin coupling; the driving sprocket A drives the driven sprocket B through the ditch opening chain.

[0021] The ditch opening mechanism is also provided with a driven sprocket C, a ditch opening frame, an upper wheel frame, a side wheel frame, and a lower wheel frame. The driving sprocket A is installed on the upper wheel frame, the upper wheel frame is connected to the upper end of the ditch opening frame, the lower wheel frame is connected to the lower end of the ditch opening frame, a side wheel frame is connected to one side of the ditch opening frame, the driving sprocket A is connected and arranged on the upper wheel frame, the driven sprocket B is installed on the side wheel frame, the driven sprocket C is connected and arranged on the lower wheel frame, and the spiral mud discharging rotor is connected to the shaft of the driven sprocket B, and the spiral mud discharging rotor discharges soil to both sides.

[0022] The vibrating frame includes an input shaft of the vibrating mechanism, a two-screw stud vertical bearing seat, a driving sprocket F, a sprocket frame, a vibrating support shaft, a bearing seat support frame, a front vibrating support arm, a vibrating soil removal baffle, an eccentric wheel shaft, a harvesting support shaft, an eccentric wheel, a vertical seat bearing, a driven chain, and a rear vibrating connecting rod; a driving sprocket F is provided on the input shaft of the vibrating mechanism, and a driven chain is provided between the driving sprocket F and the driven sprocket; the driven sprocket is arranged on the eccentric wheel shaft, and the eccentric wheel shaft is connected to one end of the bearing seat support frame through 2 vertical seat bearings, and the other end of the bearing seat support frame is connected to the frame; both ends of the eccentric wheel shaft are respectively connected to the top ends of the rear vibrating connecting rods through eccentric wheels, and the eccentric wheels rotate eccentrically to drive the rear vibrating connecting rods; both ends of the vibrating support shaft are connected to the frame through two-screw stud vertical bearing seats, and both ends of the vibrating support shaft are respectively connected to the top ends of the front vibrating support arms, and the bottom ends of the two front vibrating support arms and the two rear vibrating connecting rods are connected to the conveying grid and the vibrating soil-breaking blade. The driving sprocket D of the ditching mechanism drives the driving sprocket E, and the driving sprocket E drives the input shaft of the vibrating mechanism.

[0023] A sprocket frame is further provided on the eccentric wheel shaft, one end of the sprocket frame is connected to support the eccentric wheel shaft, and the other end of the sprocket frame is connected to the frame; the driving sprocket F is arranged on one side of the sprocket frame of the eccentric wheel shaft.

[0024] Harvesting support shafts are provided between the bottom ends of the two front vibrating support arms and between the bottom ends of the two rear vibrating connecting rods, and the two harvesting support shafts connect and support the conveying grid and the vibrating soil-breaking blade.

[0025] Vibrating soil removal baffles are provided on both sides of the supporting conveying grid. The vibrating soil removal baffles prevent the yams shoveled by the vibrating shovel from falling to the outside of the conveying grid and causing damage or breakage.

[0026] The agricultural machinery transmission shaft mechanism includes a universal joint connector, a fixed pin, and a connecting end of the universal joint input shaft; the connecting end of the universal joint input shaft is connected to the tractor, the other side of the connecting end of the universal joint input shaft is connected to the fixed pin, the fixed pins on both sides are connected by the universal input shaft, and the other side of the fixed pin is connected to the universal joint connector.

[0027] There are two frame support rods in total, which are arranged in parallel. One end of the frame support rod is connected to the tractor, and the connection is fixed with a type 2 hexagon bolt. The other end of the frame support rod is connected to the frame, and the connection is fixed with a type 2 hexagon bolt. The upper end of the three-point suspension mechanism is connected to the tractor, the lower ends on both sides of the three-point suspension mechanism are connected to the frame, and the middle side of the three-point suspension is connected to the worm and worm gear reducer.

[0028] The outer circumferential surface of the cage-shaped soil removal roller (402) is provided with roller bars arranged at intervals. The outer side surface of the roller bar is a plane, a rubber layer is provided on the plane, and there is an interval between the roller bars.

[0029] The plane is arranged so that the rotation of the roller generates vibration on the yams and soil thereon, facilitating the shaking off of the soil on the yams. The plane is provided with a rubber layer, which can not only buffer the vibration on the yams to prevent bruising, but also increase the friction of conveying. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 This is the overall structure diagram of the yam harvester related to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the ditching mechanism involved therein.

[0032] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism involved therein.

[0033] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the soil cleaning and conveying device involved therein.

[0034] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the collection and backfilling soil mechanism involved therein.

[0035] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connecting end of the universal joint input shaft involved therein.

[0036] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the collection mechanism involved therein.

[0037] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the collection mechanism involved therein.

[0038] Figure 9 This is of the present invention Figure 4 Three-dimensional view of the cage-shaped soil-removing roller in it.

[0039] Description of the reference numerals:

[0040] Tractor 1;

[0041] Ditching mechanism 2; worm and worm gear reducer 201, collection and backfilling seat plate 202, ditching knife 203, driving sprocket A 204, driven sprocket B 205, spiral mud discharging rotor 206, lower wheel frame 207, driven sprocket C 208, rear frame 209, lower wheel frame 210, front wheel frame (211), front sprocket fixing seat 211, ditching mechanism transmission shaft 212;

[0042] Vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism 3; driving sprocket E10, two-stud vertical bearing seat 302 of the input shaft 301 of the vibrating mechanism, driving sprocket F303, sprocket frame 304, supporting shaft 305 of the vibrating mechanism, bearing seat support frame 306, sprocket frame 304 of the vibrating mechanism, excavating support arm 307, vibrating soil removal baffle 308, eccentric wheel shaft 309, single conveying grid 310, shovel harvesting support shaft 311, coupling 312, bearing with vertical seat 313, driven chain 314, rear connecting rod 315 of vibration, vibrating soil-breaking blade 316;

[0043] Soil cleaning and conveying device 4; driving motor 401, cage-shaped soil removal roller 402, side guard plate 403, chain transmission protective cover 404;

[0044] Collecting and backfilling soil mechanism 5; collecting and soil-removing rotating roller 501, collecting and backfilling seat plate 502, ridging and soil-returning disc 503, protective cover 504 for transmission components;

[0045] Agricultural machinery drive shaft mechanism 6; universal joint connector 601, fixed through pin 602, connecting end 603 of the universal joint input shaft;

[0046] Frame support rod 7; three-point suspension mechanism 8; JFL type elastic sleeve pin coupling 9; driving sprocket E10; driving sprocket D11. Specific implementation manner

[0047] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0049] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "connection", "linkage", "fixation", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] See Figures 1-8 It can be seen that a suspension type yam harvester of the present invention is composed of a tractor 1, a ditching mechanism 2, a vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism 3, a soil cleaning and conveying device 4, and a collection and backfilling mechanism 5.

[0051] The tractor 1 is connected to drive the ditching mechanism 2, the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism 3, and the soil cleaning and conveying device 4.

[0052] Combined with the attached Figure 1 As shown, the ditching mechanism 2 is connected to the rear of the tractor 1 through a three-point suspension mechanism 8; one end of the support rod 7 is hinged to the rear of the tractor, and the other end is hinged to the main body of the frame 12. The frame 12 is towed by the tractor 1. The rear universal input shaft connection end 603 of the tractor 1 is connected to a worm and worm gear reducer 201. The worm and worm gear reducer 201 is installed on the frame. Four JFL type elastic sleeve pin couplings 9 are installed on both sides of the worm and worm gear reducer 201. The front wheel frames 211 at both ends of the worm and worm gear reducer 201 are installed on the frame. In addition, both sides of the two-screw stud vertical bearing seat 302 of the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism 3 are installed on the frame 12.

[0053] Combined with the attached Figure 2 As shown, the driving sprocket A204 of the ditching mechanism 2 is installed on the front wheel frame 211. Below the front wheel frame 211 is the rear frame 209. There is also a lower wheel frame 210 on the rear frame 209. A driven sprocket B205 and a spiral mud discharging rotor 206 are installed on the lower wheel frame 210. A ditching chain 202 is installed on the sprockets of the driving sprocket A204, the driven sprocket B205, and the driven sprocket C208. A soil breaking knife 203 is installed on the outside of the ditching chain. The ditching mechanism chain 202, the rear frame 209, the front wheel frame 211, the rear wheel frame 207, the lower wheel frame 210, the driving sprocket A204, the driven sprocket B205, the driven sprocket C208, and the spiral mud discharging rotor 206 are all symmetrical on both sides.

[0054] Combined with the attached Figure 3As shown, sprocket D11 of the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism 3 drives sprocket E10 of the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism 3, and sprocket E10 drives the input shaft 301 of the vibrating mechanism. While the input shaft 301 of the vibrating mechanism rotates, two pedestal bearings 313 and the driving sprocket F303 rotate simultaneously and drive the driven sprocket 314. The rotation of the driven sprocket 314 drives the eccentric shaft 309 and simultaneously drives two pedestal bearings 313 and two eccentric shaft couplings 312. When the eccentric shaft couplings 312 start to move, they drive the vibrating rear connecting rod 315. The lower end of the vibrating rear connecting rod 315 is connected to the vibrating soil removal baffle 308. The vibrating soil removal baffle 308 is provided with a conveying grid 310 in the middle, with a total of 7 conveying grid bars. The two ends of the conveying grid bars are connected to the shovel harvesting support shaft 311. The front end of each conveying grid bar is flat and the upper surface is connected to support the vibrating soil-breaking blade 316. The conveying grid bars provide a firm support for the vibrating soil-breaking blade 316, keeping it stable during operation.

[0055] On both sides of the vibrating soil removal baffle 308, there are also two excavation support arms 307 at the front ends of the two vibrating connecting rods 315. At the upper end of the excavation support arm 307, there is a conveyor belt support shaft 305. At both ends of the shaft 305, there are two two-screw stud type bearing seats 302, and the lower ends of the two-screw stud type bearing seats 302 are the frame 12.

[0056] Combined with the attached Figure 4 As shown, the soil cleaning and conveying device 4 includes a drive motor 401, a cage-shaped soil removal roller 402, side guards 403, and a chain conveyor protective cover 404. The soil cleaning and conveying device 4 is provided with a frame body, and the cage-shaped soil removal rollers 402 are arranged at intervals on the frame body. There is a rotation interval between adjacent cage-shaped soil removal rollers 402. The drive motor 401 drives the cage-shaped soil removal rollers 402 to rotate through a transmission chain. The frame body is provided with side guards 403 on both sides of the cage-shaped soil removal rollers 402, and a chain conveyor protective cover 404 is provided at the transmission chain. The soil cleaning and conveying device 4 is inclined, with its bottom end arranged below the side of the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism 3 and its top end arranged at the collection and backfilling soil mechanism 5.

[0057] Combined with the attached Figure 5 As shown, the collection and backfilling soil mechanism 5 includes a collection and soil removal rotating roller 501, a collection and backfilling seat plate 502, a ridging and backfilling disc 503, and a transmission component protective cover 504. A soil dropping opening is provided at the front side of the collection and backfilling seat plate 502, and the collection and soil removal rotating rollers 501 are arranged at intervals in the soil dropping opening. The two ends of the collection and soil removal rotating rollers 501 are hinged to the collection and backfilling seat plate 502. At the rear bottom surface of the collection and backfilling seat plate 502, there is a pair of ridging and backfilling discs 503. The ridging and backfilling discs 503 are hinged to the bottom end of the disc frame, and the top end of the disc frame is connected to the collection and backfilling seat plate 502. The front end of the ridging and backfilling disc 503 has a larger interval and the rear end has a smaller interval, causing the soil to gather into the two discs during rotation.

[0058] Agricultural machinery drive shaft mechanism 6; universal joint connector 601, fixed through pin 602, universal joint input shaft connection end 603.

[0059] Combined with the attached Figure 6 As shown, the agricultural machinery drive shaft mechanism 6 is connected to the tractor 1 through the universal joint input shaft connection end 603. The other side of the universal joint input shaft connection end 603 is connected to the fixed through pin 602. The fixed through pins 602 on both sides are connected by the universal input shaft 601, and the other side of the fixed through pin 602 is connected to the universal joint connector 601.

[0060] Figure 9 As shown, it is the cage-shaped soil-removing roller 402 of this embodiment. The outer circumferential surface of its rotating roller is provided with roller bars arranged at intervals. The outer side surface of the roller bar is a plane, and a rubber layer is provided on the plane; it can buffer the vibration of the yam, prevent bruising, and increase the friction of transportation. There is an interval between the roller bars for the soil that falls off during the transportation of the yam. The structure of the collecting and soil-removing roller 501 is the same as that of the cage-shaped soil-removing roller 402.

[0061] The installation process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0062] 1. Connection: First, connect the frame 12 to the tractor 1 through the three-point suspension parts, ensure that the connecting bolts are tightened, and the gaps at each connecting part meet the design requirements to ensure the stability of the frame during operation. At the same time, check whether the hydraulic lifting system connection between the frame 12 and the tractor is normal so that the height and angle of the frame can be flexibly adjusted through the tractor control system. Then, install the chain trenching mechanism 2, the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism 3, the soil-clearing conveying device 4, and the collecting and backfilling soil mechanism 5 onto the frame 12 in sequence. When installing the chain trenching mechanism 2, adjust the coaxiality between the driving sprocket and the power output shaft of the tractor to ensure that the chain is installed correctly and properly tensioned; when installing the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism 3, check whether the connection of the vibrating link 315 is firm; when installing the soil-clearing conveying device 4, ensure that the transmission chain is installed flat and the driving cage-shaped soil-removing roller 402 rotates stably; when installing the collecting and backfilling soil mechanism 5, ensure that the position of the ridging and backfilling disc 503 is accurate.

[0063] 2. Debugging: After installation, start the tractor and conduct a comprehensive test on the operation of each mechanism. Check whether the trenching depth and width of the chain trenching mechanism 2 meet the design requirements and optimize by adjusting the power output speed of the tractor and the height of the frame; test the vibration frequency and the penetration depth of the vibrating breaking blade 316 of the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism 3 to ensure good vibration effect and no damage to the yam; debug the conveying speed and the separation effect of the soil and the yam of the soil-clearing conveying device 4, and change the conveying and separation effect by adjusting the inclination of the soil-clearing conveying device 4; check the backfilling effect of the collecting and backfilling soil mechanism 5, and the ridging and backfilling disc 503 makes the soil surface flat after backfilling.

[0064] The working process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0065] First: Before field operation, the operator drives the tractor to the yam planting field, observes the terrain and the growth of yams, and selects a proper starting point for operation. Start the tractor, drive the suspended yam harvester to one end of the yam planting row, and adjust the position of the frame 12 to align with the planting row or column. Turn on the chain trenching mechanism 2, and reasonably adjust the rotational speed of the tractor's power output according to the soil hardness and the planting depth of yams, so that the trenching blade 203 cuts into the soil at a proper speed and depth, loosening the soil on both sides of the yam belt. The spiral mud discharging rotor 206 discharges the lifted soil to both sides of the trench. Second: Then start the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism 3, adjust the rotational speed of the eccentric wheel mechanism to control the vibration frequency of the vibrating connecting rod 315, so that the vibrating soil-breaking blade 316 shovels and harvests yams, vibrating and breaking the soil around the roots of yams; the shoveled yams and soil blocks fall backward onto the conveying grid 310. Due to the forward movement of the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism 3, the yams and soil blocks harvested from the front side are continuously pushed to the rear side. Part of the soil falls to the ground through the conveying grid 310, while the yams and part of the soil are pushed towards the soil cleaning and conveying device 4. Since the vibrating shovel harvesting mechanism 3 works by vibration, most of the soil is separated from the yams during harvesting and falls downward through the conveying grid 310, which is the first soil removal. Third: When the tractor is moving forward, the soil cleaning and conveying device 4 starts to work. The soil and yams are driven by the cage-shaped soil-removing roller 402 to move towards the top. The soil continuously falls downward through the gaps of the cage-shaped soil-removing roller 402. The yams, due to their longer length, will be continuously conveyed to the collection and backfilling soil mechanism 5 above; the soil cleaning and conveying device 4 removes soil for the second time through the gaps of the cage-shaped soil-removing roller 402 itself and the rotational gaps between the two cage-shaped soil-removing rollers 402; the yams are transmitted to the collection and backfilling soil mechanism 5. There is a soil-falling opening on the front side of the collection and backfilling seat plate 502, and the spaced collection and soil-removing rotating rollers 501 are arranged in the soil-falling opening. The spaced collection and soil-removing rotating rollers 501 separate the small part of the soil carried up with the yams again, so that the soil falls downward under the action of gravity. After the collection and soil-removing rotating rollers 501 convey the yams backward, the yams are collected; during the rotation of the collection and soil-removing rotating rollers 501, soil removal is carried out for the third time. At the same time, adjust the height and angle of the ridging and soil-backfilling disc 503 to accurately backfill the soil dropped by the soil cleaning and conveying device 4 into the yam trench. The compaction device can be started as needed to appropriately compact the backfilled soil to ensure the smoothness of the land surface and prepare for subsequent planting.

[0066] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0067] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

[0068] The above are only the preferred and feasible embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the rights of the present invention. Any equivalent structural changes made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention are included within the scope of the rights of the present invention.

Claims

1. A suspended yam harvester, comprising a tractor (1), a furrowing mechanism (2), a vibrating shovel collecting mechanism (3), a soil clearing and conveying device (4), and a soil collecting and backfilling mechanism (5), characterized in that: The tractor (1) is connected to a driving ditching mechanism (2), a vibrating shovel collecting mechanism (3), and a soil clearing and conveying device (4); The trenching mechanism (2) is provided with a pair of trenching chains (202) arranged at intervals, and trenching knives (203) arranged at intervals are provided on the trenching chains, and the trenching knives (203) are driven to work when the trenching chains are driven to operate; The vibrating shovel collecting mechanism (3) is arranged at the rear side of the trenching mechanism (2), and the vibrating shovel collecting mechanism (3) is provided with a vibrating frame, the vibrating frame is driven to vibrate continuously, the bottom end of the vibrating frame is connected to a conveying grid (310), and a vibrating earth-breaking blade (316) is arranged at the front end of the conveying grid (310); The soil cleaning and conveying device (4) is arranged at the rear side of the vibration shoveling and collecting mechanism (3), and comprises a driving motor (401), a cage-shaped soil removing roller (402), a side guard plate (403), and a chain transmission protection cover (404); the soil cleaning and conveying device (4) is provided with a frame, on which cage-shaped soil removing rollers (402) are arranged at intervals, and a rotation interval is provided between adjacent cage-shaped soil removing rollers (402); the driving motor (401) drives the cage-shaped soil removing rollers (402) to rotate through a transmission chain; the soil cleaning and conveying device (4) is arranged obliquely, and its bottom end is arranged below the side of the vibration shoveling and collecting mechanism (3), and its top end is arranged at the collecting and backfilling mechanism (5); the frame is provided with side guard plates (403) on both sides of the cage-shaped soil removing rollers (402), and a chain transmission protection cover (404) is provided at the transmission chain; The collecting and backfilling mechanism (5) comprises a collecting and soil removing roller (501), a collecting and backfilling seat plate (502), and a ridging and soil returning plate (503); a soil dropping opening is provided at the front side of the collecting and backfilling seat plate (502), and a collecting and soil removing roller (501) is provided at intervals in the soil dropping opening, and both ends of the collecting and soil removing roller (501) are hingedly connected to the collecting and backfilling seat plate (502); a pair of ridging and soil returning plates (503) are provided at the bottom surface of the rear side of the collecting and backfilling seat plate (502), and the ridging and soil returning plates (503) are hingedly connected to the bottom end of the plate frame, and the top end of the plate frame is connected to the collecting and backfilling seat plate (502); the front end of the ridging and soil returning plates (503) is spaced larger, and the rear end is spaced smaller. During the rotation of the ridging and soil returning plates (503), the soil is gathered between the two plates.

2. The hanging yam harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trenching mechanism (2) is provided with a worm gear reducer (201), a trenching chain (202), a driving sprocket A (204), a driven sprocket B (205), a spiral mud discharge rotor (206), a lower wheel frame (207), and a trenching transmission shaft (212); the worm gear reducer (201) drives the driving sprocket A (204) through the trenching transmission shaft (212) and a JFL type elastic sleeve pin coupling (9) on both sides; the driving sprocket A (204) drives the driven sprocket B (205) through the trenching chain (202).

3. The hanging yam harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trenching mechanism (2) is further provided with a driven sprocket C (208), a trenching frame (209), an upper wheel frame (211), a side wheel frame (210), and a lower wheel frame (207); a driving sprocket A (204) is mounted on the upper wheel frame (211); the upper wheel frame (211) is connected to the upper end of the trenching frame (209); the lower wheel frame (207) is connected to the lower end of the trenching frame (209); a side wheel frame (210) is connected to one side of the trenching frame (209); the upper wheel frame (211) is connected to the driving sprocket A (204); a driven sprocket B (205) is mounted on the side wheel frame (210); the lower wheel frame (207) is connected to the driven sprocket C (208); and a spiral mud discharge rotor (206) is connected to the shaft of the driven sprocket B (205).

4. The hanging yam harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration frame comprises a vibration mechanism input shaft (301), a two-stud vertical bearing seat (302), a driving sprocket F (303), a sprocket frame (304), a vibration support shaft (305), a bearing seat support frame (306), a vibration front support arm (307), a vibration soil removal baffle (308), an eccentric wheel shaft (309), an eccentric wheel (312), a vertical seat bearing (313), a driven chain (314), and a vibration rear connecting rod (315); a driving sprocket F (303) is arranged on the vibration mechanism input shaft (301), and a driven chain (314) is arranged between the driving sprocket F (303) and the driven sprocket; the driven sprocket is arranged on the eccentric wheel shaft (309), and the eccentric wheel shaft (309) is connected to the driven sprocket by two vertical The seat bearing (313) is connected to one end of the bearing seat support frame (306), and the other end of the bearing seat support frame (306) is connected to the frame (12); the two ends of the eccentric wheel shaft (309) are respectively connected to the top of the vibration rear connecting rod (315) through the eccentric wheel (312), and the eccentric wheel (312) rotates eccentrically to drive the vibration rear connecting rod (315); both ends of the vibration support shaft (305) are connected to the frame (12) through the two-stud vertical bearing seat (302), and the two ends of the vibration support shaft (305) are respectively connected to the top of the vibration front supporting arm (307), and the bottom ends of the two vibration front supporting arms (307) and the two vibration rear connecting rods (315) are connected to the conveying grid (310) and the vibration breaking blade (316).

5. The hanging yam harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The eccentric wheel shaft (309) is also provided with a sprocket frame (304), one end of the sprocket frame (304) is connected to support the eccentric wheel shaft (309), and the other end of the sprocket frame (304) is connected to the frame (12); the eccentric wheel shaft (309) is connected to a driving sprocket F (303) on one side of the sprocket frame (304).

6. The hanging yam harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: A scooping support shaft (311) is provided between the bottom ends of the two vibrating front support arms (307) and between the bottom ends of the two vibrating rear connecting rods (315), and the two scooping support shafts (311) are connected to the conveying grid (310) and the vibrating shovel soil breaking blade (316).

7. The hanging yam harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: Vibrating soil removal baffles (308) are provided on both sides of the supporting conveying grid (310).

8. The hanging yam harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumferential surface of the cage-shaped soil-removing roller (402) is provided with roller strips arranged at intervals, the outer side surface of the roller strips is a plane, the plane is provided with a rubber layer, and intervals are provided between the roller strips.

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