Single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device and shelling method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-station automatic water chestnut husking device and a husking method thereof. The single-station automatic water chestnut husking device comprises a rack, a machine box is arranged on the rack, a fixed clamp is arranged on the outer side wall of the machine box, a movable clamp is arranged on the machine box in a lifting mode, lifting knife rest plates are arranged on the two sides of the machine box, and cutters and friction plates are arranged on the knife rest plates. A groove and a wavy friction surface are arranged on the friction plate, the cutter is in the shape of a rounded triangle, a blade part of the cutter is arranged at a rounded corner and two connecting walls connecting the rounded corner, the blade part is a single-inclined-surface blade, the blade part arranged at the rounded corner is thin and sharp, an obtuse angle is arranged on the blade part arranged at the two connecting walls, and the blade part is provided with a groove and a wavy friction surface. Limiting ejector blocks and pushing ejector blocks which can move left and right are arranged on the left side and the right side of the machine box. The husking device can realize automatic husking, is high in husking effect and does not damage pulp.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly to a single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device and its shelling method. Background Art

[0002] Water chestnut is an aquatic plant that can be eaten or used medicinally. The water chestnut is in a shape similar to a half moon, with obvious protrusions and depressions. There is an umbilicus growing convexly in the depression part, and there are slender sharp corners at both ends of the water chestnut. The overall shape is similar to a curved ox horn shape. The water chestnut has a thick shell, and this shell needs to be removed when eaten or used medicinally. When eaten personally usually, it is generally peeled by hand. However, when mass production is required, the efficiency of manual shelling cannot meet the mass production requirements, and when manually shelling for a long time, the hands of the staff are easily pricked by the sharp thorns at both ends of the water chestnut. Currently, there is no mechanical equipment on the market that can shell water chestnuts in batches, only some auxiliary small tools, which are time-consuming and laborious in the use process and the small tools are easy to hurt hands, and the integrity of the pulp cannot be guaranteed during the shelling process, affecting the sales quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device and its shelling method, which can automatically shell water chestnuts without damaging the pulp of the water chestnuts.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device, including: a frame, on which a chassis is provided, a fixed clamp is provided on the outer side wall of the chassis, a guide rail pad is arranged to be lifted and lowered in the chassis, a spring pressing plate is arranged above the guide rail pad, a connecting arm extending out of the chassis is slidably arranged up and down on the guide rail pad, an adjustment groove is formed on the connecting arm, an adjustment block extending into the adjustment groove is arranged on the guide rail pad, an adjustment spring is arranged between the spring pressing plate and the connecting arm, a movable clamp is arranged at the end of the connecting arm extending out of the chassis, the movable clamp is located directly above the fixed clamp, knife rest plates that can be lifted and lowered are arranged on the chassis on both the left and right sides of the fixed clamp, a cutting knife and a friction plate are arranged on the knife rest plate, the cutting knife is located above the friction plate, a groove is formed on the friction plate, and wavy friction surfaces are arranged on the friction plate on both the front and back sides of the groove. The cutting knife is in the shape of a rounded triangle, the blade part of the cutting knife is arranged at the rounded corner and the two connecting walls connecting the rounded corner, the blade part is a single inclined plane blade, the blade part arranged at the rounded corner is thin and sharp, an obtuse angle is arranged on the blade part arranged at the two connecting walls, and a spacing matching the thickness of the fruit shell of the water chestnut is left between the thin and sharp blade part on the cutting knife and the peak part of the wavy friction surface on the friction plate. Pressure sensors that can move left and right are arranged on both the left and right sides of the chassis, a cylinder seat is arranged on the pressure sensor, a limit top block is arranged on the cylinder seat, a top push cylinder is arranged on the cylinder seat, and a push position top block is arranged on the top push cylinder.

[0005] Further, in the above-mentioned single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device, an auxiliary guide rail is vertically arranged on the guide rail cushion block, an auxiliary slider is arranged on the connecting arm, the auxiliary slider is slidably clamped on the auxiliary guide rail, a first induction switch is arranged on the guide rail cushion block, and a first induction block matched with the first induction switch is arranged on the connecting arm.

[0006] Further, in the above-mentioned single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device, a lower receiving groove is arranged on the top wall of the fixed clamp, lower wave grooves are arranged on the tops of the two groove walls of the lower receiving groove, the front-back width of the movable clamp is smaller than the front-back width of the lower receiving groove of the fixed clamp, an upper receiving groove is arranged on the bottom wall of the movable clamp, and upper wave grooves are arranged on the bottoms of the two groove walls of the upper receiving groove.

[0007] Further, in the above-mentioned single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device, two fixing blocks are arranged on the tool rest plate, shoulders protrude from both of the two fixing blocks, the cutting knife is connected to the two fixing blocks by bolts, and the end wall of the cutting knife abuts against the shoulders of the two fixing blocks.

[0008] Further, in the above-mentioned single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device, the connection structure between the guide rail cushion block and the machine case is as follows: a first lead screw slide is vertically arranged in the machine case, the first servo motor of the first lead screw slide is fixed on the outer top wall of the machine case, a first guide rail is vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the machine case, the guide rail cushion block is fixed on the first slide seat of the first lead screw slide, a first slider is arranged on the guide rail cushion block, the first slider is slidably clamped on the first guide rail, a second induction switch is arranged at the upper end of the inner side wall of the machine case, and a second induction block capable of cooperating with the second induction switch is arranged on the spring pressing plate.

[0009] Further, in the above-mentioned single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device, the connection structure between the tool rest plate and the machine case is as follows: a second lead screw slide is vertically arranged in the machine case, the second servo motor of the second lead screw slide is fixed on the outer top wall of the machine case, a second guide rail is vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the machine case, a connecting plate is connected to the second slide seat of the second lead screw slide, the tool rest plate is fixed on the connecting plate and extends out of the machine case, a second slider is arranged on the connecting plate, the second slider is slidably clamped on the second guide rail, a third induction block is arranged on the connecting plate, and a third induction switch capable of cooperating with the third induction block is arranged at the upper end of the inner side wall of the machine case.

[0010] Further, for the aforementioned single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device, the connection structure between the pressure sensor and the chassis is as follows: a third guide rail is horizontally arranged on the outer bottom wall of the chassis, a bracket is arranged on the outer bottom wall of the chassis, a third servo motor is arranged on the bracket, a crankshaft disc is arranged on the output shaft of the third servo motor, a connecting rod is rotatably arranged on the crankshaft disc, a mounting plate is rotatably arranged on the connecting rod, a third slider is arranged on the mounting plate, the third slider is slidably clamped on the third guide rail, a connecting block is arranged on the mounting plate, and the pressure sensor is vertically fixed on the connecting block.

[0011] Further, for the aforementioned single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device, the limiting top block and the pushing top block are both made of rubber material, and inclined tops with the same inclination direction and slope are arranged on the side walls of the limiting top block and the pushing top block facing the fixed clamp.

[0012] Further, for the aforementioned single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device, safety grating emitters and safety grating receivers are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the outer side wall of the chassis where the fixed clamp is installed.

[0013] For the aforementioned shelling method, using the above single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device, the steps are as follows: Fix the water chestnut on the fixed clamp, the movable clamp presses downward against the water chestnut, the left knife rest plate moves downward until the friction plate on the knife rest plate blocks the left side of the fixed clamp, the right pushing top block and the limiting top block push the water chestnut to the left, so that the concave part of the water chestnut abuts against the friction plate on the left side, the left knife rest plate continues to move downward, and the wavy friction surface on the friction plate rubs against the concave part of the water chestnut, so that the water chestnut rotates until the concave part is horizontally aligned with the cutter, and the cutter moves downward to cut and tear the fruit shell on the concave part; The left knife rest plate and the movable clamp both reset upward, the right pushing top block resets to the right, the right knife rest plate moves downward until the friction plate on the knife rest plate blocks the right side of the fixed clamp, the left pushing top block and the limiting top block push the water chestnut to the right, so that the convex part of the water chestnut abuts against the friction plate on the right side, the right knife rest plate continues to move downward, and the wavy friction surface on the friction plate rubs against the convex part of the water chestnut, so that the water chestnut rotates until the convex part is horizontally aligned with the cutter, and the cutter moves downward to cut and tear the fruit shell on the convex part. After shelling is completed, the right knife rest plate and the movable clamp reset upward, the left pushing top block and the limiting top block continue to push to the right to push the shelled water chestnut off the fixed clamp and drop it into the receiving container arranged at the bottom, and then reset to the left after completion.

[0014] The advantages of the present invention are that: the water chestnut can be placed on the fixed clamp in cooperation with the manipulator, and then the water chestnut is pushed to the friction plate on the opposite side for clamping by the pushing and pushing block on one side, and then the top of the water chestnut is supported by the movable clamp, and the friction plate aligns the fruit shell of the concave part or the convex part of the water chestnut with the cutter when sliding, and the cutter can peel the fruit shell of the concave part or the convex part of the water chestnut, and after completing the peeling work on one side, the water chestnut is pushed to the friction plate in the opposite direction for clamping by the pushing and pushing block on the other side to complete the peeling work on the other side, which not only realizes automatic peeling and improves the peeling efficiency, but also does not damage the flesh during the peeling process; the second servo motor cooperates with the second screw slide to drive the knife holder plate and the friction plate and the cutter on the knife holder plate, so that the cutter can peel the water chestnut with sufficient speed and stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the single-station automatic water chestnut peeling device described in the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the middle guide rail pad, the chassis and the connecting arm.

[0017] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure in the reverse direction.

[0018] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the position structure between the movable clip and the fixed clip.

[0019] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the middle tool holder plate and the chassis.

[0020] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle cutter.

[0021] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle friction plate.

[0022] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the pressure sensor and the chassis.

[0023] Figure 9 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of the movable clamp and the fixed clamp cooperating to clamp the water chestnut corner and the limiting top block and the pushing top block pushing the water chestnut corner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0025] As Figures 1 to 9 shown, the single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device of the present invention includes: a frame 1, on which a chassis 11 is provided, a fixed clamp 2 is provided on the outer side wall of the chassis 11, a lower receiving groove 21 is provided on the top wall of the fixed clamp 2, lower wave grooves 22 are provided on the tops of the two groove walls of the lower receiving groove 21, a safety light curtain emitter 12 and a safety light curtain receiver 13 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right on the outer side wall of the chassis 11 where the fixed clamp 2 is installed, and the infrared rays emitted by the safety light curtain emitter 12 are received by the safety light curtain receiver 13 to form an invisible optical barrier, thereby ensuring a safe distance between the staff and the entire device. A guide rail pad 3 is vertically arranged in the chassis 11, and the connection structure between the guide rail pad 3 and the chassis 11 is: a first lead screw slide 111 is vertically arranged in the chassis 11, the first servo motor 1111 of the first lead screw slide 111 is fixed on the outer top wall of the chassis 11, the first servo motor 1111 is electrically connected to the central control device, a first guide rail 112 is vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the chassis 11, the guide rail pad 3 is fixed on the first slide seat 1112 of the first lead screw slide 111, a first slider 31 is arranged on the guide rail pad 3, the first slider 31 is slidably clamped on the first guide rail 112, a second induction switch 113 is arranged at the upper end of the inner side wall of the chassis 11, a spring pressing plate 32 is arranged above the guide rail pad 3, a second induction block 321 capable of cooperating with the second induction switch 113 is arranged on the spring pressing plate 32, an auxiliary guide rail 33 is vertically arranged on the guide rail pad 3, an auxiliary slider 34 is slidably clamped on the auxiliary guide rail 33, the auxiliary slider 34 is connected to a connecting arm 4, the connecting arm 4 extends out of the chassis 11, an adjusting spring 35 is arranged between the spring pressing plate 32 and the connecting arm 4 (a spring pin is arranged at the top of the connecting arm 4, the adjusting spring 35 is sleeved on the outer wall of the spring pin, and the spring pin is slidably connected to the spring pressing plate 32), an adjusting groove 41 is formed in the connecting arm 4, an adjusting block 36 extending into the adjusting groove 41 is arranged on the guide rail pad 3, the connecting arm 4 abuts against the adjusting block 36 on the guide rail pad 3 through the adjusting groove 41, and the adjusting block 36 supports the connecting arm 4 to prevent the connecting arm 4 from falling, a first induction switch 37 is arranged on the guide rail pad 3, a first induction block 42 cooperating with the first induction switch 37 is arranged on the connecting arm 4, a movable clamp 43 is arranged at the end of the connecting arm 4 extending out of the chassis 11, the movable clamp 43 is located directly above the fixed clamp 2, the front and rear width of the movable clamp 43 is smaller than the front and rear width of the lower receiving groove 21 of the fixed clamp 2, an upper receiving groove 431 is arranged on the bottom wall of the movable clamp 43, and upper wave grooves 432 are arranged on the bottoms of the two groove walls of the upper receiving groove 431.

[0026] The bottom of the water chestnut abuts against the lower wave grooves 22 on the two groove walls of the receiving groove 21 of the fixed clamp 2. The bottom of the water chestnut is irregular. When the water chestnut contacts the wave grooves 22 on the groove wall of the receiving groove 21, part of the bottom of the water chestnut is located in the receiving groove 21, preventing the irregular bottom from affecting the placement of the water chestnut. The first lead screw slide 111 drives the guide rail pad 3 to drive the connecting arm 4 and the movable clamp 43 to move downward together. The movable clamp 43 abuts against the water chestnut. Since the front and rear width of the movable clamp 43 is smaller than the front and rear width of the lower receiving groove 21 of the fixed clamp 2, the movable clamp 43 abuts against the middle part of the top of the water chestnut. During the clamping process, first preset the pressure value of the clamping force in the central control device according to the type of the water chestnut. The central control device will drive the connecting arm 4 and the movable clamp 43 to descend rapidly through the cooperation of the first servo motor 1111 and the first lead screw slide 111. When the movable clamp 43 abuts against the water chestnut, the movable clamp 43 will be subjected to a reaction force and move upward against the adjusting spring 35. During the rapid descent, since the adjusting spring 35 has a compression amount, the impact force received by the water chestnut will not damage the water chestnut. When the first induction block 42 on the connecting arm 4 is sensed by the first induction switch 37 on the guide rail pad 3, the adjusting spring 35 can no longer be compressed, and the central control device will reduce the rotation speed of the first servo motor 1111, thereby reducing the descent speed of the movable clamp 43 through the first lead screw slide 111 until the force of the movable clamp 43 clamping the water chestnut reaches the preset pressure value. In this way, while improving the clamping efficiency, the integrity of the water chestnut can be ensured. The clamping force between the movable clamp 43 and the fixed clamp 2 will neither limit the movement of the water chestnut nor cause the water chestnut to fall off.

[0027] Liftable tool rest plates 5 are arranged on the chassis 11 on both the left and right sides of the fixed clamp 2. The connection structure between the tool rest plate 5 and the chassis 11 is as follows: A second lead screw slide 114 is vertically arranged in the chassis 11. The second servo motor 1141 of the second lead screw slide 114 is fixed on the outer top wall of the chassis 11. A second guide rail 115 is vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the chassis 11. A connecting plate 1143 is connected to the second slide seat 1142 of the second lead screw slide 114. The tool rest plate 5 is fixed on the connecting plate 1143 and extends out of the chassis 11. A second slider 1144 is arranged on the connecting plate 1143. The second slider 1144 is slidably clamped on the second guide rail 115. A third induction block 1145 is arranged on the connecting plate 1143. A third induction switch 116 that can cooperate with the third induction block 1145 is arranged at the upper end of the inner side wall of the chassis 11.

[0028] A cutting knife 51 and a friction plate 52 are arranged on a tool rest plate 5. The cutting knife 51 is located above the friction plate 52. A groove 521 is arranged on the friction plate 52. Wave-shaped friction surfaces 522 are arranged on the friction plate 52 on both front and rear sides of the groove 521. The cutting knife 51 is in the shape of a rounded triangle. The cutting edge of the cutting knife 51 is arranged at the rounded corner 511 and at two connecting walls 512 connecting the rounded corner 511. The cutting edge is a single bevel edge. The cutting edge arranged at the rounded corner 511 is thin and sharp. An obtuse angle is arranged on the cutting edge arranged at the two connecting walls 512. A spacing matching the thickness of the fruit shell of the water chestnut is left between the thin and sharp cutting edge of the cutting knife 51 and the peak of the wave-shaped friction surface 522 on the friction plate 52. Since the thicknesses of the fruit shells of different varieties of water chestnuts are different, the height spacing between the cutting knife 51 and the friction plate 52 can be adjusted. The adjustment method can be achieved by adding or reducing gaskets between the friction plate 52 and the tool rest plate 5. This adjustment method is common, so it will not be elaborated here. Two fixing blocks 53 are arranged on the tool rest plate 5. Shoulders protrude on both of the two fixing blocks 53. The cutting knife 51 is connected to the two fixing blocks 53 through bolts. The end wall of the cutting knife 51 abuts against the shoulders of the two fixing blocks 53. When the cutting knife 51 cuts water chestnuts, the shoulders on the fixing blocks 53 can play a limiting role on the cutting knife 51 to prevent the cutting knife 51 from loosening after long-term use.

[0029] Pressure sensors 6 that can move left and right are arranged on both the left and right sides of a chassis 11. The pressure sensors 6 are electrically connected to a central control device. The connection structure between the pressure sensors 6 and the chassis 11 is as follows: A third guide rail 117 is horizontally arranged on the outer bottom wall of the chassis 11. A bracket 118 is arranged on the outer bottom wall of the chassis 11. A third servo motor 1181 is arranged on the bracket 118. The third servo motor 1181 is also electrically connected to the central control device. A crankshaft disc 1182 is arranged on the output shaft of the third servo motor 1181. A connecting rod 1183 is rotatably arranged on the crankshaft disc 1182. A mounting plate 1184 is rotatably arranged on the connecting rod 1183. A third slider 1185 is arranged on the mounting plate 1184. The third slider 1185 is slidably clamped on the third guide rail 117. A connecting block 1186 is arranged on the mounting plate 1184. The pressure sensor 6 is vertically fixed on the connecting block 1186. A cylinder seat 61 is arranged on the pressure sensor 6. A limiting top block 62 is arranged on the cylinder seat 61. A pushing cylinder 63 is arranged on the cylinder seat 61. A pushing position top block 64 is arranged on the pushing cylinder 63. Both the limiting top block 62 and the pushing position top block 64 are made of rubber material. Oblique tops with the same inclination direction and slope are arranged on the side walls of the limiting top block 62 and the pushing position top block 64 facing the fixing clamp 2.

[0030] The third servo motor 1181 drives the crankshaft disk 1182 to rotate, which can drive the eccentric rotation of the connecting rod 1183 on the crankshaft disk 1182. When the connecting rod 1183 rotates eccentrically, it can drive the mounting plate 1184 to slide left and right along the third guide rail 117, thereby driving the cylinder block 61 and the pushing cylinder 63 to slide left and right. After the movable clamp 43 cooperates with the fixed clamp 2 to clamp the rhombus corner, the third servo motor 1181 cooperates with the crankshaft disk 1182 and the connecting rod 1183 to drive the limit top block 62 and the pushing top block 64 to move together in the direction of the fixed clamp 2. The limit top block 62 pushes the rhombus corner so that the rhombus corner abuts against the opposing friction plate 52. When the sharp corners at both ends of the rhombus corner are not in a straight line when the rhombus corner abuts against the friction plate 52, that is, there is an angle between the rhombus corner and the friction plate 52, the pushing cylinder 63 drives the pushing top block 64 to fine-tune the rhombus corner so that the sharp corners at both ends of the rhombus corner are in a straight line.

[0031] When in use, the water chestnut is placed on the fixed clamp 2 by a manipulator, and the bottom of the water chestnut rests on the lower wavy groove 22 of the two groove walls of the accommodating groove 21 of the fixed clamp 2. Taking the state where the concave part of the water chestnut is on the left and the convex part is on the right as an example, the second lead screw slide 114 on the left side is started to drive the tool holder plate 5 on this side to move downward. When the friction plate 52 on the tool holder plate 5 is blocked on the left side of the fixed clamp 2, the second lead screw slide 114 stops moving, and then the movable clamp 43 is driven downward to rest on the water chestnut through the first lead screw slide 111, and then the third servo motor 1181 on the right side is started to drive the cylinder seat 61 and the pushing cylinder 63 to move in the direction of the fixed clamp 2, and the limiting top block 62 and the pushing top block 64 move left together to the water chestnut on the fixed clamp 2. The limiting top block 62 pushes the water chestnut until the water chestnut abuts against the wavy friction surface 522 on the friction plate 52 blocked on the left side of the fixed clamp 2, and then the pushing top block 64 is driven by the pushing cylinder 63 to fine-tune the water chestnut. When the limiting top block 62 and the pushing top block 64 push the water chestnut clamped between the movable clamp 43 and the fixed clamp 2, they can prevent the water chestnut from falling. When the recessed portion of the water chestnut faces the friction plate 52, the inclined top portion of the pushing top block 64 pushes on a side wall with a raised portion of the water chestnut, so that the recessed portion of the water chestnut abuts against the wavy friction surface 522 of the friction plate 52, and the hilum on the recessed portion of the water chestnut is located in the groove 521 of the friction plate 52, so that the hilum does not interfere with the water chestnut abutting against the wavy friction surface 522 on the friction plate 52, and the left side The second lead screw slide 114 drives the knife holder plate 5 to continue to move downward, and the wavy friction surface 522 on the left friction plate 52 rubs the concave part of the water chestnut, so that the water chestnut rotates until the concave part is horizontally aligned with the cutter 57, and the cutter 51 moves downward to cut the fruit shell of the concave part of the water chestnut through the thin and sharp blade. When the cutter 51 continues to move downward, the blunt-angled blades on the two connecting walls 512 are inserted between the flesh and the shell of the concave part of the water chestnut to tear the fruit shell of the concave part, so that the flesh and the shell of the concave part of the water chestnut are separated. In this process, the thin and sharp blade can easily cut the fruit shell with less force, reduce damage to the flesh, keep the flesh intact, and then use the thickness of the blunt-angled blade to apply a uniform lateral force to the fruit shell. , the incision is stretched and torn, and the incision will be torn onto the side wall of the water chestnut, and the shell will be peeled off. If the blunt-angled blade is not used for stretching and tearing, and only a thin and sharp blade is used for cutting, the shell on the side wall of the water chestnut cannot be cut without cutting the flesh. After completing the shelling work on the concave part of the water chestnut, the tool holder plate 5 on the left is driven by the second lead screw slide 114 on the left to reset upward. When the third sensing block 1145 on the connecting plate 1143 on the second lead screw slide 114 contacts and cooperates with the third sensing switch 116 on the chassis 11, the tool holder plate 5 is reset upward into place, and the third servo motor 1181 on the right drives the cylinder seat 61 and the push cylinder 63 on the right to move away from the fixing clamp 2.

[0032] The second lead screw slide on the right drives the tool rest plate 5 on the right to move downward until the friction plate 52 on the right tool rest plate 5 abuts against the right side of the fixed clamp 2. The third servo motor 1184 on the left drives the cylinder seat 61 and the pushing cylinder 63 on the left to move towards the fixed clamp 2. The limit top block 62 and the pushing top block 64 move to the right together until they come into contact with the corners on the fixed clamp 2. The limit top block 62 pushes the corner until the corner abuts against the wavy friction surface 522 of the friction plate 52 that is blocked on the right side of the fixed clamp 2. At this time, the convex part of the corner faces the friction plate 52, and the inclined top of the pushing top block 64 pushes against one side wall of the corner with a concave part, so that the convex part of the corner abuts against the wavy friction surface 522 of the friction plate 52. The tool rest plate 5 on the right drives the friction plate 52 and the cutter 51 to continue moving downward. After the friction plate 52 frictions the convex part of the corner, the convex part of the corner is horizontally aligned with the cutter 51. The cutter 51 moves downward and cuts open the fruit shell of the convex part of the corner through the thin and sharp blade part. When the cutter 51 continues to move downward, the blades with obtuse angles on the two connecting walls 512 are inserted between the pulp and the fruit shell of the convex part of the corner to tear the fruit shell of the convex part, so that the pulp and the fruit shell of the convex part of the water chestnut are separated. The tool rest plate 5 on the right is reset upward under the drive of the second lead screw slide 114 on the right. The pushing top block 64 and the limit top block 62 on the left continue to move to the right, push the peeled water chestnuts off the fixed clamp 2 and drop them into the receiving container (not shown in the figure) provided at the bottom, and then reset to the left after completion. In this way, after the fruit shells of the concave and convex parts of the water chestnuts are both peeled off, a relatively large crack is formed on the fruit shell, and the staff only needs to gently pull to separate the pulp and the fruit shell of the water chestnut.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: still modifications or equivalent replacements can be made to the specific implementation manners of the present invention, and any modification or equivalent replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Single-station automatic water chestnut peeling device, including: The frame is characterized in that: a chassis is arranged on the frame, a fixing clamp is arranged on the outer wall of the chassis, a guide rail pad is arranged in the chassis for lifting, a spring pressure plate is arranged above the guide rail pad, a connecting arm extending from the chassis is arranged to slide up and down on the guide rail pad, an adjustment slot is opened on the connecting arm, an adjustment block extending into the adjustment slot is arranged on the guide rail pad, an adjustment spring is arranged between the spring pressure plate and the connecting arm, a movable clamp is arranged at the end of the connecting arm extending from the chassis, the movable clamp is located just above the fixing clamp, and a liftable tool holder plate is arranged on the chassis located on the left and right sides of the fixing clamp, a cutter and a friction plate are arranged on the tool holder plate, the cutter is located above the friction plate, and the cutter is on the friction plate. A groove is provided, and a wavy friction surface is provided on the friction plate located on the front and rear sides of the groove. The cutter is in the shape of a rounded triangle. The blade of the cutter is provided at the rounded corner and at the two connecting walls connecting the rounded corner. The blade is a single bevel blade. The blade provided at the rounded corner is thin and sharp, and an obtuse angle is provided on the blade provided at the two connecting walls. A spacing matching the thickness of the water chestnut shell is left between the thin and sharp blade on the cutter and the peak of the wavy friction surface on the friction plate. Pressure sensors that can move left and right are provided on the left and right sides of the chassis, a cylinder seat is provided on the pressure sensor, a limited position ejector block is provided on the cylinder seat, a push cylinder is provided on the cylinder seat, and a push ejector block is provided on the push cylinder.

2. The single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An auxiliary guide rail is vertically arranged on the guide rail pad, an auxiliary slider is arranged on the connecting arm, the auxiliary slider is slidably clamped on the auxiliary guide rail, a first induction switch is arranged on the guide rail pad, and a first induction block matched with the first induction switch is arranged on the connecting arm.

3. The single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A lower accommodating groove is arranged on the top wall of the fixed clamp, a lower wave groove is arranged on the top of the two groove walls of the lower accommodating groove, the front and rear width of the movable clamp is smaller than the front and rear width of the lower accommodating groove of the fixed clamp, an upper accommodating groove is arranged on the bottom wall of the movable clamp, and an upper wave groove is arranged on the bottom of the two groove walls of the upper accommodating groove.

4. The single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two fixing blocks are arranged on the knife holder plate, and convex shoulders are protruded from the two fixing blocks. The cutter is connected with the two fixing blocks through bolts, and the end wall of the cutter abuts against the convex shoulders of the two fixing blocks.

5. The single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connection structure between the guide rail pad and the chassis is as follows: a first lead screw slide is vertically arranged in the chassis, a first servo motor of the first lead screw slide is fixed on the outer top wall of the chassis, a first guide rail is vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the chassis, the guide rail pad is fixed on the first slide seat of the first lead screw slide, a first slider is arranged on the guide rail pad, the first slider is slidably clamped on the first guide rail, a second induction switch is arranged at the upper end of the inner side wall of the chassis, and a second induction block capable of cooperating with the second induction switch is arranged on the spring pressure plate.

6. The single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connection structure between the tool holder plate and the chassis is as follows: a second lead screw slide is vertically arranged in the chassis, a second servo motor of the second lead screw slide is fixed on the outer top wall of the chassis, a second guide rail is vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the chassis, a connecting plate is connected to the second slide seat of the second lead screw slide, the tool holder plate is fixed on the connecting plate and extends out of the chassis, a second slider is arranged on the connecting plate, the second slider is slidably clamped on the second guide rail, a third sensing block is arranged on the connecting plate, and a third sensing switch capable of cooperating with the third sensing block is arranged at the upper end of the inner side wall of the chassis.

7. The single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connection structure between the pressure sensor and the chassis is as follows: a third guide rail is horizontally arranged on the outer bottom wall of the chassis, a bracket is arranged on the outer bottom wall of the chassis, a third servo motor is arranged on the bracket, a crankshaft disk is arranged on the output shaft of the third servo motor, a connecting rod is rotatably arranged at an eccentric position of the crankshaft disk, a mounting plate is rotatably arranged on the connecting rod, a third slider is arranged on the mounting plate, the third slider is slidably clamped on the third guide rail, a connecting block is arranged on the mounting plate, and the pressure sensor is vertically fixed on the connecting block.

8. The single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting top block and the pushing top block are both made of rubber material, and inclined top portions with the same inclination direction and slope are arranged on the side walls of the limiting top block and the pushing top block facing the fixing clamp.

9. The single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety grating transmitter and a safety grating receiver are symmetrically arranged on the outer side wall of the chassis where the fixing clip is installed.

10. A shelling method, characterized in that: The single-station automatic water chestnut shelling device described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, and the steps are as follows: fix the water chestnut on the fixed clamp, the movable clamp presses downward against the water chestnut, the left knife holder plate moves downward until the friction plate on the knife holder plate is blocked on the left side of the fixed clamp, the right push-up block and the limit block push the water chestnut to the left, so that the concave part of the water chestnut presses against the friction plate on the left, the left knife holder plate continues to move downward, the wavy friction surface on the friction plate rubs against the concave part of the water chestnut, so that the water chestnut is rotated until the concave part is horizontally aligned with the cutter, and the cutter moves downward to cut and tear the fruit shell on the concave part; the left knife holder plate and the movable clamp are reset upward, and the right push-up block is moved upward. The knife plate on the right is reset to the right, and the knife holder plate on the right moves downward until the friction plate on the knife holder plate is blocked on the right side of the fixed clamp. The pushing top block and the limiting top block on the left side push the water chestnut to the right, so that the raised part of the water chestnut abuts against the friction plate on the right side. The knife holder plate on the right continues to move downward, and the wavy friction surface on the friction plate rubs against the raised part of the water chestnut, so that the water chestnut is rotated until the raised part is horizontally aligned with the cutting knife. The cutting knife moves downward to cut and tear the fruit shell on the raised part. After shelling is completed, the knife holder plate on the right and the movable clamp are reset upward, and the pushing top block and the limiting top block on the left side continue to be pushed to the right to push the shelled water chestnut from the fixed clamp to fall into the material receiving container set at the bottom. After completion, it is reset to the left.

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