Braille printing method and device based on laser heat sensitivity, medium and program product

Abstract

The invention provides a braille printing method, braille printing equipment, a braille printing medium and a braille printing program product based on laser heat sensitivity, and relates to the field of braille printing. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring braille dot matrix data; mapping the position coordinates of the point positions of the corresponding salient points in the braille dot matrix data into laser dot matrix coordinates; generating a laser point control instruction according to the laser dot matrix coordinates; activating a corresponding laser diode according to the laser point control instruction; the laser diode emits short pulse laser; and the short pulse laser energy is concentrated at the target position of the braille paper to form braille salient points, and printing is completed. According to the method, hundreds of Braille alphabets can be printed at a high speed at a time through the laser thermosensitive technology, the laser focus quality control link is added, laser energy control is optimized, material ablation or deformation is avoided, and the equipment cost and energy consumption can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of Braille printing, and more specifically, to a Braille printing method, device, medium, and program product based on laser thermosensitivity. Background Art

[0002] Due to visual impairments, visually disabled people cannot obtain plain text information like sighted people and mainly read Braille to obtain information by touching Braille dot symbols. Currently, the number of circulating Braille books is still small and cannot meet the reading needs of blind friends. A large reason is that existing Braille printing devices are based on electromagnetic drive, the printing efficiency is limited by mechanical movement, mechanical wear is serious, high-speed printing cannot be achieved, and the Braille printing requirements for large volumes such as textbooks and books cannot be met.

[0003] Laser thermosensitive technology can utilize the high energy density and precise control characteristics of lasers to achieve high-precision Braille printing effects. However, in the actual operation process, it faces problems such as unstable precision control, low printing speed and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this purpose, the present invention provides a Braille printing method, device, medium, and program product based on laser thermosensitivity; the method of the present invention uses laser thermosensitive technology to achieve high-speed printing of hundreds of Braille squares at one time, adds a laser focus quality control link, optimizes laser energy control, avoids material ablation or deformation, and can also reduce equipment costs and energy consumption.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application discloses a Braille printing method based on laser thermosensitivity, and the method includes:

[0006] S101, obtaining Braille dot matrix data;

[0007] S102, mapping the position coordinates of the corresponding raised dot positions in the Braille dot matrix data into laser dot matrix coordinates; generating laser dot control instructions according to the laser dot matrix coordinates;

[0008] S103, activating the corresponding laser according to the laser dot control instructions; the laser emits short-pulse laser;

[0009] S104, the short-pulse laser energy is concentrated at the target position of the Braille paper to form Braille raised dots, completing the printing.

[0010] In some embodiments, between S103 and S104, the method further includes: detecting whether the pulse width and power of each laser dot meet a first preset value, if meeting the first preset value, executing S104, if not meeting the first preset value, adjusting the pulse width and power in the laser dot control instructions; the first preset value is determined according to the thickness and humidity of the Braille paper.

[0011] In some embodiments, the method further includes: measuring the thickness of the paper using a laser interferometric ranging sensor during the printing process, and dynamically adjusting the laser focal length to ensure that the focal point is always located on the optimal focal plane of the braille paper.

[0012] In some embodiments, between S103 and S104, the method further includes: detecting whether the height of the braille bumps meets a second preset value. If the second preset value is met, execute S104; if the second preset value is not met, adjust the pulse width and power in the laser point control instruction; the second preset value is determined according to the height of the braille bumps.

[0013] In some embodiments, between S103 and S104, the method further includes: detecting the focal position of each laser beam in real time, and automatically compensating and adjusting if an offset is found.

[0014] In some embodiments, the method further includes: when the focal position is detected to be offset, automatically adjusting the light beam back to the correct position using a microlens.

[0015] In some embodiments, the braille dot matrix data includes an image or voice; an image is obtained through a camera, and a voice is obtained through a microphone.

[0016] A second aspect of the present application discloses a computer device, which includes: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the above method.

[0017] A third aspect of the present application discloses a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above method are implemented.

[0018] A fourth aspect of the present application discloses a computer program product, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above method are implemented.

[0019] The present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application discloses a laser thermal-based braille printing method, which innovatively introduces a laser quality control link. By setting standards for real-time feedback and adjustment of the pulse width and power in the laser dot matrix according to the bump height, paper thickness and humidity, focal position, etc., the height of the braille bumps is moderate and meets the standard, and the focal point is always located in the correct position, ensuring printing accuracy, printing speed and printing efficiency, achieving high-speed printing, and meeting the braille printing requirements for large-scale materials such as textbooks and books.

[0020] 2. Using a miniaturized laser array, the thermosensitive material with a pre-coated thermal expansion layer is irradiated with infrared laser for a short time and low energy, so that the microcapsules of the coating are locally heated and expanded, thereby forming bumps. Each laser point works independently, and the array control system selectively activates the laser points according to the input data to form the target braille.

[0021] 3. Leap in efficiency. It can print large volumes at high speed, completing 864 Braille prints in one go, with a significant speed increase compared to mechanical needles.

[0022] 4. Zero mechanical wear. Completely eliminates mechanical wear problems, with contactless printing, significantly extending the equipment lifespan.

[0023] 5. High precision and consistency. Ultra-high precision, high laser positioning accuracy, and closed-loop control of laser energy ensure low bump height error.

[0024] 6. Low cost. Miniature lasers and standard thermal materials reduce the overall cost.

[0025] 7. Environmentally friendly. No noise, low energy consumption, suitable for various scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for description in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of the method provided in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a Braille printing system based on laser thermal provided in the second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a computer device provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an exemplary computing device provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a storage medium provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 is a layout diagram of a laser array provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 is a diagram of the arrangement pattern of a laser array provided in the embodiments of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] In some of the processes described in the specification, claims, and the above-mentioned drawings of the present invention, there are multiple operations that appear in a specific order. However, it should be clearly understood that these operations can be executed not in the order in which they appear herein or in parallel. The serial numbers of the operations, such as 101, 102, etc., are only used to distinguish different operations, and the serial numbers themselves do not represent any execution order. Additionally, these processes can include more or fewer operations, and these operations can be executed in sequence or in parallel. It should be noted that the descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. in this article are used to distinguish different messages, devices, modules, etc., do not represent a sequence, and do not limit that "first" and "second" are of different types.

[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a Braille printing method based on laser thermosensitivity provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the method includes the following steps: S101, obtaining Braille dot matrix data;

[0038] In some embodiments, the Braille dot matrix data includes images or voices; images are obtained through a camera, and voices are obtained through a microphone.

[0039] S102, mapping the position coordinates of the corresponding raised dot positions in the Braille dot matrix data into laser dot matrix coordinates; according to the laser dot matrix coordinates, a control system connected to a laser engraving machine generates laser dot control instructions;

[0040] In some embodiments, the Braille characters in the Braille dot matrix data are converted into dot matrix coordinates required for corresponding laser engraving, and then docked with the control system of the laser engraving machine to convert the dot matrix data into control instructions (such as G code). Among them, the working principle of the laser engraving machine is: the laser engraving machine generates a high-energy laser beam through a laser generator, which is focused and guided by an optical system and irradiates the surface of the processing material. The high energy of the laser beam causes the material to rapidly heat up locally, reaching the melting or vaporization point, thereby achieving engraving or cutting effects. The engraving process is usually completed by controlling the movement path and energy density of the laser beam.

[0041] S103, activating the corresponding laser according to the laser dot control instructions; the laser emits short-pulse laser;

[0042] In some embodiments, the laser is mainly composed of N*M (N rows and M columns) lasers, each of which can be independently controlled and is used to emit a laser beam to selectively heat a thermosensitive material (i.e., Braille paper); both N and M are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1; the Braille paper is located below the laser array module and contains a thermosensitive material that can respond to laser heating, and is used to receive the laser beam and produce corresponding physical or chemical changes. Among them, the laser is a laser diode or a vertical cavity surface emitting laser to ensure that in a high-density laser array, the position error of each laser is extremely small. The laser array is a laser formed by arranging multiple laser emission points, and its core is a laser made of semiconductor materials (such as gallium arsenide), and laser output is achieved through current injection. The VCSEL (vertical cavity surface emitting laser) array is a monolithic array composed of multiple VCSEL units, which can be a linear or two-dimensional structure. Each VCSEL unit outputs a circular beam through a vertical cavity structure and supports high-speed modulation, and is suitable for short-distance high-speed data communication and optical sensors.

[0043] Among them, the VCSEL array consists of the following core parts: VCSEL unit: Each unit is a vertical cavity surface emitting laser with the following characteristics: Vertical cavity structure: It consists of two distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) on the top and bottom and an active layer in the middle, forming an optical resonator. Circular beam output: Compared with edge-emitting lasers, the output beam of VCSEL is more symmetrical and is convenient for coupling. High-speed modulation ability: It supports gigabit-level data transmission. Array form: Multiple VCSEL units are integrated on a single substrate to form a one-dimensional or two-dimensional array, which is convenient for realizing high-density light emission. Material: Usually semiconductor materials such as gallium arsenide (GaAs) are used to ensure efficient photoelectric conversion and stability. The function of the laser diode array module is: The laser diode is used as the core energy source and can emit a laser beam with a high energy density for precisely heating the special Braille material. The characteristics of the laser diode array module are: The laser diode has high directivity, monochromaticity, and energy concentration, and can achieve precise temperature control, thereby forming a tiny high-temperature area on the special Braille material. The function of the thermosensitive material module: The thermosensitive material is the carrier for Braille printing, usually a special coating material, which will undergo physical or chemical changes after laser heating to form raised Braille dots. The characteristics of the thermosensitive material module: The thermosensitive material needs to have high sensitivity and durability to ensure the clarity and persistence of the Braille dots.

[0044] In some more specific embodiments, the number of laser array modules is any one or several of 1 - 864; N is any one or several of 1 - 27, and M is any one or several of 1 - 32.

[0045] In some more specific embodiments, a single laser array module includes 6 laser points arranged in 3 rows * 2 columns; each laser point is independently controlled by a driving circuit and is used to form bump dots. The arrangement of the laser points within a single laser array module includes: the dot pitch is 2.2 - 2.8 mm, preferably 2.5 mm.

[0046] In some more specific embodiments, when M is greater than 1, the square pitch between adjacent laser array modules on the left and right is 3.5 - 4 mm, preferably 4 mm; when N is greater than 1, the row pitch between adjacent laser array modules above and below is ≥5 mm, preferably 5 mm; In some more specific embodiments, when N is 1 and M is 1, the number of laser array modules is 1 * 1 = 1, and the corresponding number of laser points is 6; when N is 1 and M is 32, the number of laser array modules is 1 * 32 = 32, and the corresponding number of laser points is 192; when N is 2 and M is 32, the number of laser array modules is 2 * 32 = 64, and the corresponding number of laser points is 384; when N is 27 and M is 32, the number of laser array modules is 27 * 32 = 864, and the corresponding number of laser points is 5184. As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown.

[0047] In some embodiments, between S103 and S104, the method further includes: detecting whether the pulse width and power of each laser point meet a first preset value. If they meet the first preset value, execute S104. If they do not meet the first preset value, adjust the pulse width and power in the laser point control instruction; the first preset value is determined according to the thickness and humidity of the Braille paper. Papers with different thicknesses require different laser powers; thicker papers require higher powers or longer pulse widths to achieve sufficient bump dot heights; papers with different humidities affect the absorption of laser energy, and high humidity reduces engraving accuracy.

[0048] In some embodiments, between S103 and S104, the method further includes: detecting whether the height of the Braille bump dots meets a second preset value. If it meets the second preset value, execute S104. If it does not meet the second preset value, adjust the pulse width and power in the laser point control instruction; the second preset value is determined according to the height of the Braille bump dots; the height of the Braille bump dots is between 0.2 - 0.5 mm.

[0049] In some embodiments, between S103 and S104, the method further includes: real - time detecting the focal position of each laser beam through a CMOS imaging sensor. If an offset is found, automatically perform compensation adjustment.

[0050] In some embodiments, the method further includes: when it is detected that the focus position is shifted, an adaptive microlens array based on MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) technology is used to automatically adjust the light beam back to the correct position, thereby significantly improving the printing accuracy. Optionally, the microlens and the laser chip are integrally packaged to reduce the assembly error. Among them, the main function of the microlens is to correct the divergence angle of the light beam, convert the divergent light beam into a parallel light beam (collimated light beam), which helps to improve the directivity and focusing performance of the light beam, thereby improving the printing accuracy and efficiency. The diode is the emission source of the light beam. Usually, the divergence angles of the diode in the fast axis (perpendicular to the light-emitting surface) and slow axis (parallel to the light-emitting surface) directions are very different. Therefore, compensation is required through the microlens. The positional relationship between the microlens and the diode: Relative position: The microlens is usually installed in front of the light-emitting hole of the laser, and is bonded by optical glue or fixed by precision machinery to ensure that the light beam can directly pass through the microlens after emitting from the diode. The optical axis of the microlens needs to be precisely aligned with the light-emitting center of the laser to ensure that the light beam can pass through the microlens for collimation in the best state. Key parameters: Focal length: The focal length of the microlens needs to be selected according to the divergence angle of the diode. For the fast axis direction (with a larger divergence angle), the focal length of the microlens is shorter; for the slow axis direction (with a smaller divergence angle), the focal length of the microlens is longer. Numerical aperture (NA): The numerical aperture of the microlens needs to match the characteristics of the diode light beam to ensure that the light beam can be effectively collimated. Lens shape: The shape of the microlens (such as a cylindrical microlens or a spherical microlens) also affects the collimation effect of the light beam. Usually, a cylindrical microlens is used to compensate for the divergence angle difference between the fast axis and the slow axis.

[0051] S104. The short-pulse laser energy is concentrated at the target position on the braille paper to form braille bumps, completing the printing. The braille paper is a braille paper pre-coated with a thermal expansion layer, and the microcapsules in the coating are locally heated and expanded to form bumps; at least one row of braille (864 braille dot matrices) dot matrices (target braille) is generated at one time;

[0052] In some embodiments, the method further includes: during the printing process, a laser interferometric ranging sensor is used to measure the paper thickness, and the laser focal length is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the focus is always located on the optimal focal plane of the braille paper.

[0053] Among them, the effects of paper thickness, paper humidity, and focal position: Paper thickness affects the absorption of laser energy. Thicker paper requires higher energy to form appropriate bumps. If thickness is not considered, it may result in too low bumps or burning through the paper. Paper humidity affects the laser evaporation characteristics. When the humidity is high, the moisture in the material will absorb part of the laser energy, reducing the engraving efficiency and may also cause paper deformation, thus affecting the engraving accuracy. The laser focal position affects the bump height and edge clarity. If the focus deviates from the target position, it may lead to irregular bump shapes or uneven heights, affecting the Braille reading experience. Quality control the laser focus; the laser irradiates the material to form bumps; the optical sensor detects the bump height, the laser rangefinder measures the material thickness, and the humidity sensor measures the material humidity. Through the detection of the laser focus quality control module, the pulse width, power, and focal position of each laser point are adjusted in real-time feedback to ensure printing accuracy. If the bump height, paper thickness, and paper humidity are all qualified, start printing. If not, readjust the laser dot matrix (pulse width and power).

[0054] In some embodiments, the method further includes: after completing the current Braille array, the system enters the next step of work to support continuous printing.

[0055] In some embodiments, the Braille printing device corresponding to the present Braille printing method should have modules that a conventional printer has, such as a mechanical transmission module responsible for the movement and positioning of the material to ensure that the laser beam can be heated at the correct position. The mechanical transmission module generally consists of a stepper motor, a guide rail, a transmission belt, etc., and can achieve high-precision positioning and movement. A camera for acquiring image information and / or a microphone for acquiring voice information, etc.

[0056] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, the device 2000 may include: one or more processors 2010, and one or more memories 2020; wherein, computer-readable code is stored in the memory, and when the computer-readable code is run by one or more processors, the above method can be executed.

[0057] The processor in this embodiment may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. The above processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the various methods, operations, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc., and may be of the X86 architecture or the ARM architecture.

[0058] In general, the various example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or a dedicated circuit, software, firmware, logic, or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software that can be executed by a controller, a microprocessor, or other computing devices. When aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated or described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other graphical representation, it will be understood that the blocks, devices, systems, techniques, or methods described herein may be implemented as non-limiting examples in hardware, software, firmware, a dedicated circuit or logic, general hardware or a controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

[0059] For example, the method or apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may also be implemented by means of Figure 4 the architecture of the computing device 3000 shown. As Figure 4 shown, the computing device 3000 may include a bus 3010, one or more CPUs 3020, a read-only memory (ROM) 3030, a random access memory (RAM) 3040, a communication port 3050 connected to a network, an input / output component 3060, a hard disk 3070, etc. The storage device in the computing device 3000, such as the ROM 3030 or the hard disk 3070, may store various data or files used for the processing and / or communication of the method provided by the present disclosure and the program instructions executed by the CPU. The computing device 3000 may also include a user interface 3080. Of course, Figure 4 the architecture shown is only exemplary, and when implementing different devices, one or more components shown in the Figure 4 computing device may be omitted according to actual needs.

[0060] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, such as Figure 5As shown, it is a schematic diagram of a storage medium 4000 provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Computer-readable instructions 4010 are stored on a computer storage medium 4020. When the computer-readable instructions 4010 are run by a processor, the methods according to the embodiments of the present disclosure described with reference to the above figures can be executed. The computer-readable storage medium in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. The non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus random access memory (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memories for the methods described herein are intended to include but are not limited to these and any other suitable types of memories. It should be noted that the memories for the methods described herein are intended to include but are not limited to these and any other suitable types of memories.

[0061] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer program product or system, including a computer program, which implements the steps of the above method when executed by a processor.

[0062] In some embodiments, this embodiment also discloses a braille printing system based on laser thermosensitivity, as Figure 2 shown. The system includes:

[0063] A braille dot matrix data acquisition module 201, configured to obtain braille dot matrix data.

[0064] A laser dot control instruction generation module 202, configured to map the position coordinates of the corresponding raised dot positions in the braille dot matrix data into laser dot matrix coordinates; and generate laser dot control instructions according to the laser dot matrix coordinates.

[0065] A laser activation module 203, configured to activate the corresponding laser according to the laser dot control instructions; and the laser emits short-pulse laser.

[0066] A braille raised dot formation module 204, configured to form braille raised dots at the target position of the braille paper by concentrating the energy of the short-pulse laser, thereby completing the printing.

[0067] In some embodiments, the system further includes a quality control module located between the laser activation module and the braille bump forming module: configured to detect whether the pulse width and power of each laser spot meet a first preset value, and if they meet the first preset value, execute the braille bump forming module; if they do not meet the first preset value, adjust the pulse width and power in the laser spot control instruction; detect whether the height of the braille bumps meets a second preset value, and if it meets the second preset value, execute the braille bump forming module; if it does not meet the second preset value, adjust the pulse width and power in the laser spot control instruction; detect the focal position of each laser beam in real time, and if an offset is found, automatically perform compensation adjustment; when the focal position is detected to have an offset, use a microlens to automatically adjust the beam back to the correct position. Specific embodiments

[0069] 1. Multi-beam laser array design. As Figure 6 shown, a miniaturized laser array (81×64 matrix, 27 rows × 32 squares, a total of 5184 laser spots) is adopted, and each laser spot is independently controllable and used to form bumps, and an 864-square braille array can be formed at one time. The laser wavelength is selected in the infrared band to match the thermosensitive coating material (microcapsule thermal expansion layer), and only short-time low-energy irradiation is required to trigger local expansion to form bumps.

[0070] (1) Arrangement method: Arranged in an 81×64 matrix. The array contains 64 columns, with 81 lasers in each column, for a total of 5184 laser spots. Since the size parameters of the braille characters require a dot pitch of 2.2 - 2.8 mm, a square pitch of 3.5 - 4 mm, and a line pitch of ≥5 mm, the spacing design between the lasers is as Figure 7 shown, with a dot pitch of 2.5 mm, a square pitch of 4 mm, and a line pitch of 5 mm.

[0071] Each square laser array is a module (6 laser spots form a module), and the laser spots within each module have independent control and drive circuits. VCSEL (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser) is used as the laser light source because it has advantages such as planarization, easy arraying, low power consumption, and low heat. The VCSEL array can be directly integrated on the chip, making the arrangement more compact.

[0072] (2) Difficulties overcome during miniaturization ① When manufacturing a high-density laser array, it is necessary to ensure that the position error of each laser is extremely small; semiconductor lithography and MEMS processes are used to manufacture the VCSEL array to ensure the high precision of the array.

[0073] ② High-density arrangement is prone to beam scattering or overlap. A silicon-based microlens array is used to achieve beam collimation and ensure that the focus of each laser beam accurately falls on the target position. The microlens corresponds to the laser one by one and is integrally packaged with the laser chip to reduce the assembly error.

[0074] ③ High-density lasers generate heat when working, and heat dissipation becomes more difficult in miniaturized designs. Use high thermal conductivity materials (aluminum nitride substrates) as the substrate of the laser array. Design a micro heat sink or micro thermoelectric cooling module (TEC) on the back of the array, combining active and passive heat dissipation technologies.

[0075] ④ Laser focus offset affects printing accuracy and requires real-time detection and correction. The beam of a high-density VCSEL array may have manufacturing errors, microlens assembly errors, and focus drift caused by thermal expansion, resulting in uneven Braille dot matrix.

[0076] (3) Working principle and process Working principle: The system uses a miniaturized laser array to irradiate the thermosensitive material of the pre-coated thermal expansion layer with infrared laser for a short time and low energy, so that the microcapsules of the coating are locally heated and expanded, thereby forming convex points. Each laser point works independently, and the array control system selectively activates the laser point according to the input data to form the target Braille.

[0077] Working process: ① Data input. The user inputs the Braille dot pattern through the calculator. The control system interprets the Braille data into the switching instructions of the laser dots.

[0078] ② Array drive. According to the laser point switch command, the control system activates the corresponding laser. The laser emits short pulse laser, and the energy is concentrated at the target position.

[0079] ③ Braille formation. The laser irradiates the thermosensitive material pre-coated with a thermal expansion layer, and the microcapsules in the coating are locally heated up and expand to form convex dots. The generation of 864 Braille dot arrays is completed at one time.

[0080] ④ System cycle: After completing the current Braille array, the system enters the next step and supports continuous printing.

[0081] 2. Dynamic energy control mechanism. The software maps the Braille data into laser dot matrix, detects the height of the convex dots through optical sensors, measures the material thickness through laser rangefinders, measures the material humidity through humidity sensors, and is tested by the laser focus quality control module to adjust the pulse width, power and focus position of each laser dot in real time to ensure printing accuracy.

[0082] (1) Possible mapping software implementations convert Braille characters into the dot coordinates required for laser engraving. Then, the software interfaces with the control system of the laser engraver to convert the dot data into control instructions (such as G-code).

[0083] (2) Standards for controlling pulse width and power in laser dot matrix ① Braille dot height standard Braille dot height is generally between 0.2-0.5mm.

[0084] ② Material characteristics Paper with different thicknesses requires different laser powers. Thicker paper requires higher power or longer pulse widths to achieve sufficient bump height. Paper with different humidities affects the absorption of laser energy, and high humidity may reduce the engraving accuracy.

[0085] ③ Laser focus quality control The laser focus quality control system uses a CMOS imaging sensor to detect the focus position of each laser beam in real time. If any deviation is detected, the software will automatically perform compensation and adjustment. At the same time, the system uses a laser interferometric ranging sensor to measure the paper thickness and dynamically adjusts the laser focus to ensure that the focus is always located on the optimal focal plane of the thermosensitive material. In addition, the system is equipped with an adaptive microlens array based on MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) technology. When the focus deviation is detected, the angle of the microlens will be automatically adjusted to return the light beam to the correct position, thus significantly improving the printing accuracy.

[0086] (3) Effects of paper thickness, paper humidity, and focus position Paper thickness affects the absorption of laser energy. Thicker paper requires higher energy to form appropriate bumps. If the thickness is not considered, it may also result in too low bumps or burning through the paper.

[0087] Paper humidity affects the laser evaporation characteristics. When the humidity is high, the moisture in the material will absorb part of the laser energy, reducing the engraving efficiency and may also cause paper deformation, thus affecting the engraving accuracy.

[0088] The laser focus position affects the bump height and edge clarity. If the focus deviates from the target position, it may result in irregular bump shapes or uneven heights, affecting the Braille reading experience.

[0089] It should be noted that the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architectures, functions, and operations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a program segment, or a part of code that contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks shown may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system for performing the specified functions or operations, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0090] In general, the various example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented in hardware or dedicated circuits, software, firmware, logic, or any combination thereof. Certain aspects can be implemented in hardware, while other aspects can be implemented in firmware or software that can be executed by a controller, microprocessor, or other computing device. When aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated or described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other graphical representation, it will be understood that the blocks, devices, systems, techniques, or methods described herein can be implemented as non-limiting examples in hardware, software, firmware, dedicated circuits or logic, general hardware or a controller or other computing device, or some combination thereof.

[0091] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0092] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there can be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections shown or discussed between each other can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices, or units, and can be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0093] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or can be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0094] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0095] The example embodiments of the present disclosure described in detail above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications and combinations can be made to these embodiments or their features without departing from the principles and spirit of the present disclosure, and such modifications should fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A laser thermal Braille printing method, characterized in that: The method comprises: S101, obtaining Braille dot matrix data; S102, mapping the corresponding convex dot position coordinates in the Braille dot matrix data into laser dot matrix coordinates; generating laser dot control instructions according to the laser dot matrix coordinates; S103, activating the corresponding laser according to the laser point control instruction; the laser emits a short pulse laser; S104, short pulse laser energy is concentrated on the target position of the Braille paper to form Braille convex dots, completing printing.

2. The laser thermal Braille printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Between S103 and S104, the method further includes: detecting whether the pulse width and power of each laser point meet a first preset value, executing S104 if the first preset value is met, and adjusting the pulse width and power in the laser point control instruction if the first preset value is not met; the first preset value is determined according to the thickness and humidity of the Braille paper.

3. The laser thermal Braille printing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: using a laser interference distance measuring sensor to measure the thickness of the paper during the printing process, and dynamically adjusting the laser focal length to ensure that the focus is always located at the optimal focal plane of the Braille paper.

4. The laser thermal Braille printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Between S103 and S104, the method further includes: detecting whether the height of the Braille dot meets a second preset value, executing S104 if it meets the second preset value, and adjusting the pulse width and power in the laser point control instruction if it does not meet the second preset value; the second preset value is determined according to the height of the Braille dot.

5. The laser thermal Braille printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Between S103 and S104, the method further includes: detecting the focus position of each laser beam in real time, and automatically performing compensation adjustment if a deviation is found.

6. The laser thermal Braille printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: when it is detected that the focus position is offset, automatically adjusting the light beam to return to the correct position by using the microlens.

7. The laser thermal Braille printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Braille dot matrix data includes images or voices; the images are acquired through a camera, and the voices are acquired through a microphone.

8. A computer device, characterized in that: The device comprises: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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