Single-motor, single-planetary gearbox with multiple operating modes

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of hybrid transmissions, and in particular, is a hybrid transmission with a single motor and a single planetary gear set and multiple working modes, comprising two power sources, a coaxially arranged engine and a drive motor, a three-shaft gear-clutch transmission system, and a hydraulic and electronic control system for controlling the operation of the clutch and brake. One shaft is composed of a set of planetary gears, two sets of brakes, a set of clutches, and a transmission gear arranged coaxially with the engine and the drive motor; the second shaft is the output shaft, composed of a set of clutches and a transmission gear; and the third shaft is the differential. On the one hand, the present invention controls the opening and closing of the clutch and brake to allow the drive motor to switch back and forth between the two functions and roles of driving and generating electricity, thereby meeting the driving needs of the entire vehicle while improving the fuel efficiency of the engine. On the other hand, the functional advantage of the engine's multi-speed drive can significantly reduce the production cost of the transmission compared to the traditional dual-motor multi-speed hybrid transmission with a complex structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hybrid power transmissions, and in particular to a hybrid power transmission with a single motor, a single planetary gear, and multiple working modes. Background Art

[0002] As a core component of the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV, PHEV) powertrain, the hybrid transmission improves fuel economy and optimizes vehicle dynamics across multiple operating conditions by controlling the power coupling between the engine and electric motor in real time. With the rapid growth of global vehicle ownership, increasing pressure from energy, environmental, and safety factors is driving a global shift toward energy conservation and electrification. The development of hybrid vehicles in the domestic automotive market has entered a fast-paced phase. Due to the rapid development of pure electric vehicles in China and the gradual improvement of charging infrastructure, the domestic hybrid market will be dominated by plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), supplemented by non-plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). However, in overseas markets, due to the lack of supporting charging infrastructure, non-plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) will dominate the hybrid market. Compared to plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), which typically have larger battery packs, pure electric drive accounts for a larger proportion of vehicle time and mileage.

[0003] The dual-motor hybrid transmissions currently in mass production are well-suited to the propulsion needs of these vehicles. However, the battery packs of non-plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are typically power-type, with limited capacity. These vehicles are primarily driven by the engine, supplemented by electric propulsion. The dual-motor hybrid transmissions used in these vehicles present certain design redundancies, and competition in the hybrid market is increasingly fierce. Single-motor hybrid transmissions, which meet these requirements and offer significant cost advantages, will emerge as the mainstream market. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology that the non-plug-in hybrid powertrain has a small battery, is mainly driven by the engine, and has redundant design of the dual-motor gearbox, a hybrid powertrain gearbox with a single motor and a single planetary gearbox and multiple working modes is provided.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a hybrid power transmission with a single motor, a single planetary gear and multiple working modes, comprising:

[0006] Two power sources: coaxially arranged engine with shock absorber and drive motor,

[0007] The gear clutch transmission system consists of the following three shafts:

[0008] A first shaft is coaxially arranged with the engine and the drive motor, and includes a planetary gear, a first brake, a second brake, a first clutch and associated gears;

[0009] The second shaft is composed of the output shaft and the second clutch and gear transmission parts contained therein;

[0010] The third shaft consists of the differential and the main reducer driven gear;

[0011] Wherein, the first brake and the second brake are controlled by an electronically controlled worm gear brake controller; the first clutch and the second clutch are controlled by a hydraulic system;

[0012] By controlling the opening and closing combination of the clutch and brake, the engine-driven motor power generation mode, the motor pure electric drive mode and the engine multi-speed drive mode can be realized.

[0013] Furthermore, the planetary gear is composed of a planetary gear ring, an inner gear of the planetary gear ring, a planetary gear carrier, planetary gears of the planetary gear, and a planetary gear sun gear; the planetary gear ring is also provided with an engine drive driving gear; the planetary gear carrier is welded to the input shaft; the input shaft is splined to the shock absorber on the engine; the planetary gears of the planetary gear simultaneously engage with the inner gear of the planetary gear ring and the planetary gear sun gear.

[0014] Furthermore, the first brake is composed of a first brake inner hub, a first brake outer hub, and a brake friction assembly; the first brake inner hub is welded, riveted, or bolted to the planetary gear carrier; the first brake outer hub is fixed to the transmission housing; the second brake is composed of a second brake outer hub, a clutch intermediate hub, and a brake friction assembly; the clutch intermediate hub is the inner hub of the second brake and the outer hub of the first clutch; the clutch intermediate hub is welded or splined to the planetary gear sun gear; the second brake outer hub is fixed to the transmission housing; the brake friction assemblies of the first and second brakes have the same components; and both brake friction assemblies include a camshaft;

[0015] The electronically controlled worm gear brake controller consists of a micro motor, a worm, and a worm gear with cam grooves on both end surfaces. The rotation angle of the worm gear is controlled by the number of revolutions of the micro motor, and the cam grooves on both sides of the worm gear drive the camshaft on the brake friction assembly to move axially, thereby tightening the brake friction assembly and closing the first brake or the second brake. The worm gear has three working states:

[0016] State a is the worm gear's forward rotation limit position, with the first brake closed and the second brake open;

[0017] State b is the worm gear reverse limit position, the second brake is closed and the first brake is open;

[0018] State c is the middle position of the worm gear rotation, and both the first brake and the second brake are open.

[0019] Furthermore, the first clutch is composed of a clutch intermediate hub, a first clutch inner hub and a first clutch friction assembly, the clutch intermediate hub is the outer hub of the first clutch and the inner hub of the second brake, the clutch intermediate hub is welded or splined to the planetary sun gear, and the first clutch inner hub is welded or splined to the rotor shaft of the drive motor.

[0020] Furthermore, an electric drive driving gear is provided on the rotor shaft of the drive motor.

[0021] Furthermore, the second clutch is arranged on the output shaft and consists of a second clutch outer hub, a second clutch inner hub and a second clutch friction assembly; the second clutch outer hub is spline-connected to the output shaft; and the second clutch inner hub is welded to the electric drive driven gear.

[0022] Furthermore, the output shaft is also provided with an engine driven driven gear, an electric driven driven gear and a main reduction driving gear; the engine driven driven gear is meshed with the engine driven driving gear on the planetary gear ring; the electric driven driven gear is meshed with the electric driven driving gear on the drive motor rotor shaft.

[0023] Furthermore, the differential is provided with a main reducer driven gear, and the main reducer driven gear is meshed with the main reducer driving gear on the output shaft.

[0024] Furthermore, the first clutch and the second clutch are controlled by a hydraulic system and a solenoid valve, the clutch is closed when high pressure is applied, and the clutch is opened when low pressure is applied.

[0025] Furthermore, in the engine-driven drive motor power generation mode, when the first brake and the second brake are both open and the first clutch is closed, the power of the engine drives the drive motor to generate electricity through the shock absorber, input shaft, planetary gear carrier, planetary gear, planetary gear sun gear, first clutch, and drive motor rotor shaft.

[0026] Furthermore, in the pure electric drive mode of the drive motor, when the first clutch and the second brake are both open and the first brake and the second clutch are both closed, the engine is not working and is in the braking state of the first brake, and the power of the drive motor drives the vehicle through the drive motor rotor shaft, the electric drive driving gear, the electric drive driven gear, the second clutch, the output shaft, the main reduction driving gear, the main reduction driven gear, and the differential.

[0027] Furthermore, in the multi-speed engine drive mode, the engine power passes through the shock absorber, input shaft, and planetary gear carrier, and then through the opening and closing control of two brakes and two clutches to achieve the engine power transmission path and drive speed ratio change, thus realizing the multi-speed engine drive mode. The multi-speed engine drive mode includes: engine low-speed drive, engine high-speed drive, power split drive, and overdrive drive. Due to the structural characteristics of the planetary gear, the opening and closing control of the two brakes and two clutches can vary the engine drive speed ratio, forming the multi-speed engine drive mode.

[0028] Furthermore, the engine low-speed gear drive is controlled as follows: the first brake and the second brake are both released, and the first clutch and the second clutch are both closed. At this time, the engine power is transmitted to the output shaft through the planetary gears of the planetary gear set, the inner gear of the planetary gear outer ring gear, the planetary gear outer ring gear, the engine drive gear, and the engine drive driven gear. It is also transmitted to the output shaft through the planetary gears of the planetary gear set, the planetary gear sun gear, the first clutch, the drive motor rotor shaft, the electric drive drive gear, the electric drive driven gear, and the second clutch. The two powers converge at the output shaft and simultaneously drive the vehicle through the main reduction drive gear, the main reduction driven gear, and the differential. The speed ratio of the electric drive master and slave gears is greater than the speed ratio of the engine drive master and slave gears. The speed of the planetary gear sun gear connected to the drive motor rotor shaft through the first clutch is greater than the speed of the engine drive gear and the planetary gear outer ring gear. The speed of the engine and the planetary gear carrier is between the speeds of the planetary gear sun gear and the planetary gear outer ring gear, and greater than the speed of the planetary gear outer ring gear. This speed operating condition achieves efficient engine drive at a relatively low vehicle speed, constituting an engine low-speed gear drive mode. When the engine is driven in low gear, the drive motor can idle or participate in vehicle auxiliary drive through the conversion of positive and negative torque, allowing the engine to always operate in a high fuel efficiency range while implementing brake energy recovery.

[0029] Furthermore, the high-speed gear drive is controlled as follows: the first brake is opened, the first clutch is opened, the second brake is closed, and the second clutch has two states: closed and opened. At this time, the power of the engine drives the vehicle through the shock absorber, the input shaft, the planetary gear carrier of the planetary gear row, the planetary gear of the planetary gear row, the inner gear of the planetary gear ring, the outer gear ring of the planetary gear row, the engine drive gear, the engine drive driven gear, the output shaft, the main reducer drive gear, the main reducer driven gear, and the differential;

[0030] The sun gear of the planetary gear set is stopped by the second brake and the rotation speed of the outer ring gear of the planetary gear set is higher than the rotation speed of the planetary gear set carrier and the engine, thus meeting the high-speed drive requirement of the engine and forming a high-speed drive mode of the engine;

[0031] In the engine high-speed drive mode, when the second clutch is closed, the drive motor is either in an idling state or participates in the vehicle auxiliary drive through the conversion of positive and negative torque, and implements brake energy recovery at the same time; when the second clutch is open, the drive motor is in an inoperative state and has no brake energy recovery function. The vehicle drive is completely controlled by the engine. When brake energy recovery is required, the second clutch needs to be closed and the drive motor switches to a power generation state to implement brake energy recovery.

[0032] Furthermore, the power split drive is implemented under the conditions where the vehicle battery is low in power and the vehicle is traveling at a relatively low speed, and the drive motor cannot be driven purely by electric power, and the engine cannot be driven at low speed.

[0033] In the pure electric drive mode of the drive motor, the first brake is opened, the first clutch is closed, and the inertia of the vehicle and the torque and speed of the drive motor are used to drive the engine to rotate and start. At the same time, the second clutch is opened, and the drive motor enters the power generation state, relying on the power generation torque to provide torque support to the engine. The power of the engine passes through the shock absorber, input shaft, planetary gear rack, planetary gear ring, engine drive gear, engine drive driven gear, output shaft, main reduction drive gear, main reduction driven gear, and differential to drive the vehicle. Part of the power passes through the planetary gears of the planetary gear rack, planetary gear sun gear, first clutch, and drive motor rotor shaft to drive the drive motor to generate electricity;

[0034] When the engine is driven at low speed, the second clutch is opened and the drive motor is placed in the power generation state to enter the power split driving mode. Since the generator is always in the power generation state in the power split mode, it continuously charges the vehicle battery pack without any other power consumption. When the vehicle battery pack reaches a certain level of power or is fully charged, this driving mode is exited and the subsequent vehicle driving mode is determined according to the vehicle speed:

[0035] At lower speeds, the engine cuts off fuel, opens the first clutch, closes the second clutch, and engages the first brake, switching to pure electric drive mode.

[0036] At higher vehicle speeds, close the second clutch and switch to low-speed engine drive, or open the first clutch and close the second brake to enter high-speed engine drive.

[0037] Furthermore, the overdrive mode is when the vehicle speed is very high, the battery pack has a high charge and the vehicle requires a high acceleration power, the drive motor and the engine simultaneously drive the vehicle;

[0038] When driving in high gear, the second brake is opened and the first clutch is closed at the same time, and the drive motor enters the reverse drive mode. The engine overspeed drive is a power split drive that will continuously charge the battery pack. On the contrary, the engine overspeed drive will continuously consume electricity. When the battery pack power of the vehicle is lower than a certain power, the overspeed driving condition is left, the first clutch is opened and the second brake is closed, and the high gear drive mode is entered.

[0039] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0040] 1. On the one hand, the drive motor of the present invention has both driving and power generation functions. Compared with the dual-motor hybrid solution, it saves one motor and its controller, greatly reducing the production cost of the transmission.

[0041] On the other hand, the engine's multi-speed drive function can fully utilize the engine's high fuel efficiency over a wider range of vehicle speeds compared to the dual-motor hybrid solution with a single-speed engine drive, thereby improving the vehicle's fuel economy and meeting emission regulations.

[0042] At the same time, when the engine is driving in multiple gears, the drive motor can participate in vehicle driving in a driving state to improve vehicle power, and can also implement brake energy recovery in a power generation state. When the engine is driving, the torque can also be adjusted to allow the engine to always run stably in an efficient driving condition, thereby improving the vehicle's fuel economy.

[0043] The coordinated control of the motor drive unit, transmission control unit, and hybrid system control unit integrated in the present invention realizes functions such as engine start and stop, parking power generation, pure electric drive, engine multi-gear drive, reversing, and brake energy recovery, ultimately achieving improved vehicle fuel economy and meeting emission regulations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the hybrid transmission with a single motor, a single planetary gear and multiple working modes according to the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the brake controller in the hybrid transmission with a single motor, a single planetary gear and multiple working modes according to the present invention.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the brake controller in the hybrid transmission with a single motor, a single planetary gear and multiple working modes according to the present invention.

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a hybrid transmission brake controller with a single motor, single planetary gear and multiple working modes according to the present invention.

[0049] In the figure: 1. shock absorber; 2. input shaft; 3. planetary gear ring; 4. engine drive driving gear; 5. planetary gear ring inner gear; 6. planetary gear carrier; 7. planetary gears; 8. planetary gear sun gear; 9. first brake inner hub; 10. first brake outer hub; 11. second brake outer hub; 12. clutch intermediate hub; 13. first clutch inner hub; 14. drive motor rotor shaft; 15. electric drive driving gear; 16. output shaft; 17. engine drive driven gear; 18. main reduction driving gear; 19. electric drive driven gear; 2 0. Second clutch outer hub; 21. Second clutch inner hub; 22. Differential; 23. Main reducer driven gear; 24. Micro control motor; 25. Worm; 26. Worm wheel; 261. Cam groove; 27. Brake friction assembly; 28. First clutch friction assembly; 29. ​​Second clutch friction assembly; 30. Camshaft; 100. Engine; 200. Drive motor; 300. Planetary gear; 400. First brake; 500. Second brake; 600. First clutch; 700. Second clutch; 800. Electronically controlled worm and worm gear brake controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are simplified schematic diagrams that illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, a hybrid transmission with a single motor, a single planetary gear and multiple working modes includes two power sources, an engine 100 with a shock absorber 1 and a drive motor 200, which are coaxially arranged, and a gear clutch transmission system with a three-axis structure:

[0052] The first shaft of the three-shaft gear clutch transmission system is coaxially arranged with the engine 100 and the drive motor 200, and is composed of a planetary gear 300, a first brake 400, a second brake 500, a first clutch 600 and gear transmission parts; the second shaft of the three-shaft gear clutch transmission system is composed of an output shaft 16 and a second clutch 700 and gear transmission parts contained thereon; the third shaft of the three-shaft gear clutch transmission system is composed of a differential 22 and a main reduction driven gear 23; the first brake 400 and the second brake 500 are controlled by an electronically controlled worm gear brake controller 800; the first clutch 600 and the second clutch 700 are controlled by a hydraulic system; by controlling the opening and closing combination of the clutch and the brake, the engine-driven generator power generation mode, the drive motor pure electric drive mode and the engine multi-speed drive mode are realized, and the engine multi-speed drive mode includes low-speed drive, high-speed drive, power split drive and overdrive drive.

[0053] In the embodiment, the planetary gear 300 is composed of a planetary gear outer ring 3, a planetary gear outer ring internal gear 5, a planetary gear carrier 6, a planetary gear 7, and a planetary gear sun gear 8; the planetary gear outer ring 3 is also provided with an engine drive driving gear 4; the planetary gear carrier 6 is welded to the input shaft 2; the input shaft 2 is splined to the shock absorber 1 on the engine 100; the planetary gear 7 of the planetary gear simultaneously engages with the planetary gear outer ring internal gear 5 and the planetary gear sun gear 8.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first brake 400 and the second brake 500 are controlled by an electronically controlled worm gear brake controller 800. The first brake 400 comprises a first brake inner hub 9, a first brake outer hub 10, and a brake friction assembly 27. The first brake inner hub 9 is welded, riveted, or bolted to the planetary gear carrier 6. The first brake outer hub 10 is fixed to the transmission housing. The second brake 500 comprises a second brake outer hub 11, a clutch intermediate hub 12, and a brake friction assembly 27. The clutch intermediate hub 12 serves as both the inner hub of the second brake 500 and the outer hub of the first clutch 600. The clutch intermediate hub 12 is welded or splined to the planetary gear sun gear 8. The second brake outer hub 11 is fixed to the transmission housing.

[0055] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the electronically controlled worm gear brake controller 800 consists of a micro-control motor 24, a worm 25 and a worm gear 26 with an end face cam groove. The worm gear 26 is located between the first brake outer hub 10 and the second brake outer hub 11. Limiting grooves 261 (i.e., cam grooves) are provided on both sides of the worm gear 26. A camshaft 30 is provided on the pressure plate in the friction element of the first brake 400 and the second brake 500. The pressure plate is spline-connected to the brake outer hub. The brake outer hub is fixed to the gearbox housing. The position of the camshaft 30 is fixed, and the position of the limiting groove 261 moves with the rotation of the worm gear 26.

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, the rotation angle of the worm gear 26 is controlled by the number of revolutions of the micro-control motor 24. The worm gear 26 rotates forward to the limit position, thereby closing the first brake 400 and opening the second brake 500. Figure 4 (a); the reverse limit position realizes the closing of the second brake 500 and the opening of the first brake 400, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 (b); the intermediate position first brake 400 and the second brake 500 are both open, as shown Figure 4 (c) shown.

[0057] In this embodiment, the first clutch 600 comprises a clutch intermediate hub 12, a first clutch inner hub 13, and a first clutch friction assembly 28. The clutch intermediate hub 12 serves as the outer hub of the first clutch 600 and also as the inner hub of the second brake 500. The clutch intermediate hub 12 is welded or splined to the planetary gear sun gear 8. The first clutch inner hub 13 is welded or splined to the drive motor rotor shaft 14. The drive motor rotor shaft 14 is provided with an electric drive driving gear 15.

[0058] In this embodiment, the second clutch 700 is arranged on the output shaft 16 and is composed of a second clutch outer hub 20, a second clutch inner hub 21 and a second clutch friction assembly 29; the second clutch outer hub 20 is spline-connected to the output shaft 16; the second clutch inner hub 21 is welded to the electric drive driven gear 19.

[0059] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, an engine-driven driven gear 17, an electric-driven driven gear 19 and a main reduction driving gear 18 are also provided on the output shaft 16; the engine-driven driven gear 17 is engaged with the engine-driven driving gear 4 on the planetary gear ring 3; and the electric-driven driven gear 19 is engaged with the electric-driven driving gear 15 on the drive motor rotor shaft 14.

[0060] In this embodiment, a main reducer driven gear 23 is provided on the differential 22 , and the main reducer driven gear 23 is meshed with the main reducer driving gear 18 on the output shaft 16 .

[0061] In this embodiment, the first clutch 600 and the second clutch 700 are controlled by a hydraulic system and a solenoid valve. The clutch is closed when the pressure is high, and is opened when the pressure is low.

[0062] In this embodiment, the engine drives the drive motor in the power generation mode, the first brake 400 and the second brake 500 are both open, the first clutch 600 is closed, and the power of the engine 100 drives the drive motor 200 to generate electricity through the shock absorber 1, the input shaft 2, the planetary gear carrier 6, the planetary gear 7, the planetary gear sun gear 8, the first clutch 600, and the drive motor rotor shaft 14.

[0063] In this embodiment, the motor is in pure electric drive mode, the first clutch 600 and the second brake 500 are both open, the first brake 400 and the second clutch 700 are both closed, the engine is not working and is in the braking state of the first brake 400, and the power of the drive motor 200 drives the vehicle through the drive motor rotor shaft 14, the electric drive driving gear 15, the electric drive driven gear 19, the second clutch 700, the output shaft 16, the main reduction driving gear 18, the main reduction driven gear 23, and the differential 22.

[0064] In this embodiment, in the engine multi-speed drive mode, the power of the engine 100 passes through the shock absorber 1, the input shaft 2, the planetary gear carrier 6, and then through the opening and closing control of two brakes and two clutches to realize the transformation of the engine power transmission path and the drive speed ratio, thereby realizing the engine multi-speed drive mode. The engine multi-speed drive mode includes: engine low-speed drive, engine high-speed drive, power split drive and overdrive drive.

[0065] In this embodiment, the engine multi-speed drive mode includes low-speed drive, and the control method of low-speed drive is: the first brake 400 and the second brake 500 are both open, and the first clutch 600 and the second clutch 700 are both closed. At this time, the power of the engine is transmitted to the output shaft 16 through the planetary gear 7, the planetary gear ring inner gear 5, the planetary gear ring 3, the engine drive driving gear 4, and the engine drive driven gear 17. At the same time, it is also transmitted to the output shaft 16 through the planetary gear 7, the planetary gear sun gear 8, the first clutch 600, the drive motor rotor shaft 14, the electric drive driving gear 15, the electric drive driven gear 19, and the second clutch 700. 6; The two forces converge at the output shaft 16 and simultaneously drive the vehicle through the main reduction driving gear 18, the main reduction driven gear 23, and the differential 22; the speed ratio of the electrically driven main and driven gears is greater than the speed ratio of the engine-driven main and driven gears, and the rotational speed of the planetary gear sun gear 8, which is connected to the drive motor rotor shaft 14 via the first clutch 600, is greater than the rotational speed of the engine-driven main gear 4 and the planetary gear outer ring 3. The rotational speed of the engine 100 and the planetary gear carrier 6 is between the rotational speeds of the planetary gear sun gear 8 and the planetary gear outer ring 3, and is higher than the rotational speed of the planetary gear outer ring 3. This speed condition is suitable for efficient engine drive at lower vehicle speeds, forming an engine low-speed drive mode. When the engine is driven in low speed, the drive motor 200 can idle or participate in vehicle auxiliary drive by converting positive and negative torque, allowing the engine 100 to always operate in a high fuel efficiency range while implementing brake energy recovery.

[0066] In this embodiment, the engine multi-speed drive mode includes a high-speed drive, and the high-speed drive is controlled as follows: the first brake 400 is open, the second brake 500 is closed, the first clutch 600 is open, and the second clutch 700 has two states: closed and open. The power of the engine 100 drives the vehicle through the planetary gear 7, the planetary gear ring inner gear 5, the planetary gear ring 3, the engine drive gear 4, the engine drive driven gear 17, the output shaft 16, the main reducer drive gear 18, the main reducer driven gear 23, and the differential 22.

[0067] In this working condition, since the planetary gear sun gear 8 is in the braking state of the second brake 500, the rotation speed of the planetary gear outer ring 3 is higher than the rotation speeds of the planetary gear carrier 6 and the engine 100, which meets the demand for high-speed driving of the engine and constitutes the engine high-speed driving mode;

[0068] In the engine high-speed drive mode, when the second clutch 700 is closed, the drive motor 200 is either in an idling state or participates in vehicle auxiliary drive through the conversion of positive and negative torque, and implements brake energy recovery at the same time; when the second clutch 700 is open, the drive motor 200 is in an inoperative state and has no brake energy recovery function. The vehicle drive is completely controlled by the engine 100. When brake energy recovery is required, the second clutch 700 needs to be closed and the drive motor 200 is switched to a power generation state to implement brake energy recovery.

[0069] In this embodiment, the engine multi-speed drive system includes a power split drive system. The power split drive is the basic functional feature of the planetary gear transmission mechanism. It is a driving condition that can be implemented when the vehicle battery is insufficient and the vehicle is traveling at a relatively low speed, and the drive motor cannot be driven purely by electric power and the engine cannot be driven directly at low speed.

[0070] In the pure electric drive mode of the drive motor, after the first brake 400 is released, the first clutch 600 is closed, and the vehicle's inertia and the torque and speed of the drive motor 200 are used to rotate and start the engine 100. At the same time, the second clutch 700 is released, and the drive motor 200 enters the power generation state, relying on the generated torque to provide torque support to the engine 100. After the power of the engine 100 passes through the shock absorber 1, the input shaft 2, and the planetary gear carrier 6, a portion of the power is transmitted through the planetary gear 7, the planetary gear outer ring 3, the engine drive gear 4, the engine drive driven gear 17, the output shaft 16, the main reduction drive gear 18, the main reduction driven gear 23, and the differential 22 to drive the vehicle. A portion of the power is transmitted through the planetary gear 7, the planetary gear sun gear 8, the first clutch 600, and the drive motor rotor shaft 14 to drive the drive motor 200 to generate electricity. When the engine is driving in a low gear, the second clutch 700 is released and the drive motor 200 is placed in the power generation state to enter the power split drive mode. Since the speed of the engine 100 in the power-split operating condition has no direct correlation with the vehicle speed, it can basically cover all vehicle speed conditions. However, the drive motor 200 is always in a power generation state, and there is no other motor consuming electricity. After the vehicle battery pack reaches a certain power level or is fully charged, this drive condition must be left, and the subsequent vehicle drive condition is determined according to the vehicle speed. The first clutch 600 may be opened, the second clutch 700 may be closed, and the first brake 400 may be closed to switch to the pure electric drive mode of the drive motor; or the second clutch 700 may be closed to switch to the low-speed gear drive of the engine; or the first clutch 600 may be opened, and the second brake 500 may be closed to enter the high-speed gear drive of the engine.

[0071] In this embodiment, the engine multi-speed drive system includes an overdrive system, which is actually another form of a power split system. This system allows the engine 100 to operate stably under a certain high-efficiency driving condition when the vehicle is traveling at high speeds and the vehicle battery pack has a high charge. In high-speed driving, the second brake 500 is engaged, and the drive motor 200 enters a reverse drive mode. In this state, the engine 100 and the drive motor 200 are actually driving the vehicle simultaneously, allowing the engine to operate efficiently within a certain speed range even when the vehicle is traveling at high speeds. In contrast to power split driving, which continuously charges the battery pack, engine overdrive driving continuously consumes power. When the vehicle battery pack charge drops below a certain level, the overdrive condition must be exited, the first clutch 600 is engaged, and the second brake 500 is engaged, thereby entering a high-speed driving condition.

[0072] The operating modes of the hybrid transmission with a single motor, single planetary gear and multiple operating modes in this embodiment are as follows:

[0073] Parking power generation: When the vehicle is stopped, the first clutch 600 is closed, the first brake 400, the second brake 500, and the second clutch 700 are all open. After the engine 100 is started using the power of the drive motor 200, the drive motor 200 switches to the power generation state. The power of the engine 100 passes through the shock absorber 1, the input shaft 2, the planetary gear carrier 6, the planetary gear 7, the planetary gear sun gear 8, the first clutch 600, and the drive motor rotor shaft 14, driving the drive motor 200 to generate electricity and charge the vehicle battery pack.

[0074] Purely electric drive by the drive motor: Vehicle startup and driving at lower speeds are generally accomplished by pure electric drive from the drive motor. With the first clutch 600 and second brake 500 both open, and the first brake 400 and second clutch 700 both closed, the power of the drive motor 200 propels the vehicle through the drive motor rotor shaft 14, electric drive driving gear 15, electric drive driven gear 19, second clutch 700, output shaft 16, main reduction driving gear 18, main reduction driven gear 23, and differential 22. The power used by the drive motor 200 comes from the vehicle's battery pack.

[0075] Engine start and stop: The start and stop of the engine 100 in the parking state is controlled by the drive motor 200, while the start and stop of the engine in the driving state is controlled by the drive motor 200, two clutches, and two brakes.

[0076] Reversing: The vehicle reverses when the drive motor is in pure electric driving mode and is driven in reverse by the drive motor 200 .

[0077] Braking energy recovery: Braking energy recovery during vehicle driving is implemented by converting the driving motor 200 into a power generation state.

[0078] Engine multi-gear drive: controlled according to the vehicle's speed, the engine low-speed drive is executed when the vehicle is traveling at a medium speed (e.g. 50-80km / h), and the engine high-speed drive is executed when the vehicle is traveling at a high speed (e.g. >80km / h); the engine overspeed drive can be implemented when the vehicle speed is very high (e.g. >140km / h) and the vehicle battery pack has a high power; the power split drive is executed when the vehicle speed is low (e.g. <50km / h) and the vehicle battery is low.

[0079] With the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention as a guide, and with reference to the above description, relevant personnel are fully capable of making various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hybrid transmission with a single motor, single planetary gear and multiple working modes, characterized in that: include: Two power sources: an engine (100) with a shock absorber (1) and a drive motor (200) arranged coaxially, The gear clutch transmission system consists of the following three shafts: A first shaft is coaxially arranged with the engine (100) and the drive motor (200), and includes a planetary gear (300), a first brake (400), a second brake (500), a first clutch (600), and associated gears; The second shaft is composed of an output shaft (16) and a second clutch (700) and gear transmission parts contained thereon; The third shaft is composed of a differential (22) and a main reduction driven gear (23); The first brake (400) and the second brake (500) are controlled by an electronically controlled worm gear brake controller (800); the first clutch (600) and the second clutch (700) are controlled by a hydraulic system; By controlling the opening and closing combination of the clutch and brake, the engine drives the drive motor to generate electricity, the drive motor is driven in pure electric mode, and the engine has multiple gears. The planetary gear (300) is composed of a planetary gear outer ring (3), an inner gear of the planetary gear outer ring (5), a planetary gear carrier (6), a planetary gear (7), and a planetary gear sun gear (8); an engine driving gear (4) is also provided on the planetary gear outer ring (3); the planetary gear carrier (6) is welded to the input shaft (2); the input shaft (2) is spline-connected to the shock absorber (1) on the engine (100); the planetary gear (7) is meshed with the inner gear of the planetary gear outer ring (5) and the planetary gear sun gear (8) at the same time; The first brake (400) is composed of a first brake inner hub (9), a first brake outer hub (10) and a brake friction assembly (27); the first brake inner hub (9) is connected to the planetary gear carrier (6); the first brake outer hub (10) is fixed to the transmission housing; the second brake (500) is composed of a second brake outer hub (11), a clutch intermediate hub (12) and a brake friction assembly (27); the clutch intermediate hub (12) is the inner hub of the second brake (500) and the outer hub of the first clutch (600); the clutch intermediate hub (12) is welded or spline-connected to the planetary gear sun gear (8); the second brake outer hub (11) is fixed to the transmission housing; the components of the brake friction assemblies (27) of the first brake (400) and the second brake (500) are the same; both brake friction assemblies (27) include a camshaft (30); The electronically controlled worm gear brake controller (800) is composed of a micro-control motor (24), a worm (25), and a worm wheel (26) with cam grooves (261) on both end surfaces. The rotation angle of the worm wheel (26) is controlled by the number of rotations of the micro-control motor (24) and the worm (25). The cam grooves (261) on both sides of the worm wheel (26) are used to push the cam shaft (30) on the brake friction component (27) to move axially, thereby achieving the pressing of the brake friction component (27) and the closing of the first brake (400) or the second brake (500). The worm wheel (26) has three working states: State a is the forward rotation limit position of the worm gear (26), the first brake (400) is closed, and the second brake (500) is opened; State b is the reverse limit position of the worm gear (26), the second brake (500) is closed, and the first brake (400) is opened; State c is the middle position of the rotation of the worm wheel (26), and both the first brake (400) and the second brake (500) are open.

2. The single-motor, single-planetary gearbox with multiple operating modes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first clutch (600) is composed of a clutch intermediate hub (12), a first clutch inner hub (13) and a first clutch friction assembly (28), wherein the clutch intermediate hub (12) is the outer hub of the first clutch (600) and the inner hub of the second brake (500), the clutch intermediate hub (12) is welded or spline-connected to the planetary sun gear (8), and the first clutch inner hub (13) is welded or spline-connected to the drive motor rotor shaft (14).

3. The single-motor, single-planetary gearbox with multiple operating modes according to claim 2, characterized in that: An electric drive driving gear (15) is provided on the drive motor rotor shaft (14).

4. The single-motor, single-planetary gearbox with multiple operating modes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second clutch (700) is arranged on the output shaft (16) and is composed of a second clutch outer hub (20), a second clutch inner hub (21) and a second clutch friction assembly (29); the second clutch outer hub (20) is spline-connected to the output shaft (16); and the second clutch inner hub (21) is welded to the electric drive driven gear (19).

5. The single-motor, single-planetary gearbox with multiple working modes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The output shaft (16) is also provided with an engine driven driven gear (17), an electric driven driven gear (19) and a main reduction driving gear (18); the engine driven driven gear (17) is meshed with the engine driven driving gear (4) on the planetary gear ring (3); and the electric driven driven gear (19) is meshed with the electric driven driving gear (15) on the drive motor rotor shaft (14).

6. The single-motor, single-planetary gearbox with multiple operating modes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The differential (22) is provided with a main reduction driven gear (23), and the main reduction driven gear (23) is meshed with the main reduction driving gear (18) on the output shaft (16).

7. The single-motor, single-planetary gearbox with multiple working modes according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The first clutch (600) and the second clutch (700) are controlled by a hydraulic system and a solenoid valve, the clutch is closed when high pressure is applied, and the clutch is opened when low pressure is applied.

8. The single-motor, single-planetary gearbox with multiple operating modes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the engine-driven drive motor power generation mode, the first brake (400) and the second brake (500) are both opened, the first clutch (600) is closed, and the power of the engine (100) drives the drive motor (200) to generate electricity through the shock absorber (1), the input shaft (2), the planetary gear (6), the planetary gear (7), the planetary gear sun gear (8), the first clutch (600), and the drive motor rotor shaft (14).

9. The single-motor, single-planetary gearbox with multiple operating modes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the pure electric drive mode of the drive motor, the first clutch (600) and the second brake (500) are both open, the first brake (400) and the second clutch (700) are both closed, the engine (100) is not working and is in the braking state of the first brake (400), and the power of the drive motor (200) drives the vehicle to travel through the drive motor rotor shaft (14), the electric drive driving gear (15), the electric drive driven gear (19), the second clutch (700), the output shaft (16), the main reduction driving gear (18), the main reduction driven gear (23), and the differential (22).

10. The single-motor, single-planetary gearbox with multiple working modes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the engine multi-speed drive mode, the power of the engine (100) passes through the shock absorber (1), the input shaft (2), the planetary gear carrier (6), and then through the opening and closing control of two brakes and two clutches to achieve the conversion of the engine power transmission path and the drive speed ratio, thereby realizing the engine multi-speed drive mode; The engine multi-speed driving modes include: engine low-speed gear driving, engine high-speed gear driving, power split driving and overdrive driving.

11. The single-motor, single-planetary gearbox with multiple working modes according to claim 10, characterized in that: The control method of the engine low-speed gear drive is as follows: the first brake (400) and the second brake (500) are both opened, and the first clutch (600) and the second clutch (700) are both closed. At this time, the power of the engine is transmitted to the output shaft (16) through the planetary gear (7), the planetary gear ring inner gear (5), the planetary gear ring (3), the engine drive driving gear (4), and the engine drive driven gear (17). At the same time, the power of the engine is also transmitted to the output shaft (16) through the planetary gear (7), the planetary gear sun gear (8), the first clutch (600), the drive motor rotor shaft (14), the electric drive driving gear (15), the electric drive driven gear (19), and the second clutch (700); the two gears are connected. The power is gathered at the output shaft (16) and simultaneously drives the vehicle through the main reduction driving gear (18), the main reduction driven gear (23), and the differential (22); the speed ratio of the electric drive main and driven gears is greater than the speed ratio of the engine drive main and driven gears, and the rotational speed of the planetary gear sun gear (8) connected to the drive motor rotor shaft (14) through the first clutch (600) will be greater than the rotational speed of the engine drive driving gear (4) and the planetary gear outer ring (3). The rotational speed of the engine (100) and the planetary gear carrier (6) is between the rotational speeds of the planetary gear sun gear (8) and the planetary gear outer ring (3), and is higher than the rotational speed of the planetary gear outer ring (3). This speed condition performs efficient engine driving at a lower vehicle speed, forming an engine low-speed gear driving mode.

12. The single-motor, single-planetary gearbox with multiple working modes according to claim 10, characterized in that: The high-speed gear drive is controlled in the following manner: the first brake (400) is opened, the first clutch (600) is opened, the second brake (500) is closed, and the second clutch (700) has two states: closed and opened. At this time, the power of the engine (100) drives the vehicle to travel through the planetary gear (7), the planetary gear ring inner gear (5), the planetary gear ring (3), the engine drive driving gear (4), the engine drive driven gear (17), the output shaft (16), the main reduction driving gear (18), the main reduction driven gear (23), and the differential (22); The planetary gear sun gear (8) is braked by the second brake (500) and does not rotate, and the rotation speed of the planetary gear outer ring (3) is higher than the rotation speed of the planetary gear carrier (6) and the engine (100), meeting the demand for high-speed gear driving of the engine, thereby forming an engine high-speed gear driving mode; In the engine high-speed drive mode, when the second clutch (700) is closed, the drive motor (200) is either in an idling state or participates in the vehicle auxiliary drive through the conversion of positive and negative torques, while implementing brake energy recovery; when the second clutch (700) is open, the drive motor (200) is in an inoperative state and has no brake energy recovery function. The vehicle drive is completely controlled by the engine (100). When brake energy recovery is required, the second clutch (700) needs to be closed, and the drive motor (200) is switched to a power generation state to implement brake energy recovery.

13. The single-motor, single-planetary gearbox with multiple working modes according to claim 10, characterized in that: The power split drive is a driving condition implemented when the vehicle battery is low in power and the vehicle is traveling at a relatively low speed, making it impossible to execute pure electric drive by the drive motor and unable to execute low-speed drive by the engine. In the pure electric drive mode of the drive motor, after the first brake (400) is opened, the first clutch (600) is closed, and the inertia of the vehicle and the torque and speed of the drive motor (200) are used to drive the engine (100) to rotate and start, and at the same time, the second clutch (700) is opened, and the drive motor (200) enters the power generation state, and provides torque support to the engine (100) by relying on the power generation torque. The power of the engine (100) passes through the shock absorber (1), the input shaft (2), and the planetary gear (6). A part of the power passes through the planetary gear (7), the planetary gear outer ring (3), the engine drive driving gear (4), the engine drive driven gear (17), the output shaft (16), the main reduction driving gear (18), the main reduction driven gear (23), and the differential (22) to drive the vehicle to travel, and a part of the power passes through the planetary gear (7), the planetary gear sun gear (8), the first clutch (600), and the drive motor rotor shaft (14) to drive the drive motor (200) to generate electricity; When the engine is driven at low speed, the second clutch (700) is opened and the drive motor is placed in a power generation state to enter the power split driving state. When the vehicle battery pack reaches a certain power level or is fully charged, this driving state is exited, and the subsequent driving mode of the vehicle is determined according to the vehicle driving condition: At a lower vehicle speed, the engine cuts off fuel and opens the first clutch (600), closes the second clutch (700) and closes the first brake (400), and switches to a pure electric drive mode of the drive motor. At higher vehicle speeds, the second clutch (700) is closed to switch to low-speed engine driving, or the first clutch (600) is opened and the second brake (500) is closed to switch to high-speed engine driving.

14. The single-motor, single-planetary gearbox with multiple working modes according to claim 10, characterized in that: The overdrive is when the vehicle speed is very high, the battery pack has a high level of power, and the vehicle requires a high acceleration power, the drive motor (200) and the engine (100) simultaneously drive the vehicle to travel; In high-speed gear driving, the second brake (500) is opened and the first clutch (600) is closed, and the drive motor (200) enters a reverse driving mode. The engine overspeed gear driving is another form of power split driving. In contrast to the power split driving which continuously charges the battery pack, the engine overspeed gear driving continuously consumes power. When the battery pack power of the vehicle is lower than a certain power level, the vehicle leaves the overspeed gear, opens the first clutch (600) and closes the second brake (500), and enters a high-speed gear driving mode.

Images