High performance concrete waterproofing agent and method of making same

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a high-performance concrete waterproof agent and a preparation method thereof. The waterproof agent is composed of the following components in proportion by mass fraction: 6-12% of waterproof polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent mother liquor, 2-6% of micro-expansion repair components, 1.5-3% of hydrophobic and air-permeable composite components, 0.08-0.15% of biological air entraining components, 0.8-2.5% of nano self-repairing reinforcing particle components, and the rest is water. The high-performance concrete waterproof agent and the preparation method thereof: different types of waterproof agents among the waterproof polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, the micro-expansion repair components, the hydrophobic and air-permeable composite components, the biological air entraining components and the nano self-repairing reinforcing particle components are complemented with each other to form a high-performance concrete waterproof agent. The waterproof agent can not only improve the waterproof performance of the concrete, but also improve the strength of the concrete.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a high-performance concrete waterproofing agent and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Concrete waterproofing and impermeability has always been a major problem in concrete engineering construction. The damage of concrete leakage not only affects the appearance of the building, but also accelerates the damage of concrete, causes steel corrosion, and causes damage to the overall structure. With the rapid development of urban construction, the use of underground space resources is becoming more and more common, and the requirements for the waterproofing and impermeability performance of concrete structures are also becoming higher and higher. Although waterproofing technology and materials are used in underground structures such as basements, subways, and tunnels in current practical engineering.

[0003] However, this cannot completely prevent leakage, because there are many and complex factors that cause leakage, and the main factors that cause leakage of concrete structures include external factors and internal factors. The external factors mainly refer to the influence of the external environment on the concrete, such as cracks in the concrete caused by load, which leads to leakage of the concrete structure. On the other hand, the internal factors mainly refer to the close relationship between the permeability of the concrete and its internal structure, such as the porosity, pore size distribution, and internal microcracks of the concrete.

[0004] At present, most concrete waterproofing agents can reduce the internal pores of concrete and block the capillary channels to a certain extent, but it is difficult to completely prevent cracks in concrete caused by factors such as drying shrinkage and temperature changes, and waterproofing failure occurs. In addition, under the action of long-term water erosion, chemical corrosion, and freeze-thaw cycles in harsh environments, cracks and pore leakage occur in the concrete layer, resulting in a decrease in waterproofing performance. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a high-performance concrete waterproofing agent and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first part of the present application provides the following technical solution: a high-performance concrete waterproofing agent, the raw materials of the waterproofing agent are composed of the following proportions by mass fraction: 6% to 12% of a waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, 2% to 6% of a micro-expansion repair component, 1.5% to 3% of a hydrophobic and breathable composite component, 0.08% to 0.15% of a bio-based air entraining component, 0.8% to 2.5% of a nano self-repairing reinforcing particle component, and the rest is water.

[0007] In a further embodiment, the waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor is made from the following raw materials:

[0008] The mother liquor raw material of the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent is obtained by polymerizing the following raw materials in parts by mass: 200-400 parts of butanediol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether, 5-15 parts of succinic anhydride, and 10-20 parts of acrylic acid and its derivatives. The general formula of the butanediol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether is as follows:

[0009]

[0010] wherein n=10-100, preferably n=40-60;

[0011] The acrylic acid and its derivatives are one or more of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and butyl acrylate;

[0012] The preparation method of the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother solution comprises the following steps:

[0013] A1: First, add butanediol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether and succinic anhydride into a container and heat until the butanediol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether and succinic anhydride are melted at 120-130°C, followed by esterification reaction for 5-10 hours to obtain an esterified monomer;

[0014] A2: Mix the esterified monomer, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, butyl acrylate and water, and stir evenly to prepare a base liquid.

[0015] A3: Then, an oxidant, a reducing agent, a catalyst and a phase transfer agent are added to the base liquid to carry out polymerization reaction at room temperature. The oxidant and the phase transfer agent are directly added to the base liquid, and the reducing agent and the catalyst are prepared into a dropping liquid. The oxidant, the reducing agent, the catalyst and the phase transfer agent are added dropwise within 0.5-3 hours. Then, the mixture is aged for 1 hour and then water is added to about 40% by mass to obtain a waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquid.

[0016] The general formula of the esterification monomer is shown below:

[0017] OH.

[0018] In a further embodiment, the initiator is hydrogen peroxide or ammonium persulfate, the reducing agent is L-ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite, the catalyst is ferrous sulfate, and the phase transfer agent is tetrabutylammonium iodide.

[0019] In a further embodiment, the micro-expansion repair component comprises triethanolamine, aluminum sulfate, ettringite-type expansion agent and shape memory alloy fiber, and the micro-expansion repair component is made by compounding one or more of triethanolamine, aluminum sulfate, ettringite-type expansion agent and shape memory alloy fiber.

[0020] In a further embodiment, the hydrophobic and breathable composite component includes: the hydrophobic and breathable composite component includes: sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, potassium methyl silicate, silicone hydrophobic agent and porous ceramic microspheres, and the hydrophobic and breathable composite component is made by compounding one or more of sodium methyl silicate, potassium methyl silicate, silicone hydrophobic agent and porous ceramic microspheres.

[0021] In a further embodiment, the bio-based air-entraining component is a surfactant obtained from plant extracts, wherein the surfactant is a compound of saponins and a corresponding amount of microbial polysaccharides.

[0022] In a further embodiment, the nano self-repairing reinforcing particle component comprises: calcium sulfoaluminate expander, nanoparticles and nano-carbon fibers, and the nano self-repairing reinforcing particle component is made of a composite of one or more of the calcium sulfoaluminate expander, nanoparticles and nano-carbon fibers.

[0023] The second part of the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing a high-performance concrete waterproofing agent is applied to a high-performance concrete waterproofing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0024] B1: Prepare a flask, stirrer, and heater. Add an appropriate amount of water to the flask, then stir and heat at a speed of 200-300 rpm / min. Then add the micro-swelling repair component to the flask and continue heating and stirring until it is completely dissolved.

[0025] B2: Then add the prepared hydrophobic and breathable composite component into the beaker and continue stirring at a speed of 300-400 rpm / min until it is completely dissolved;

[0026] B3: Then prepare a dropper, extract a corresponding amount of waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor, and add the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor to the solution in the beaker by dropwise addition. After the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor is added dropwise, add the bio-based air-entraining component to the solution in the beaker and stir at a stirring speed of 250-300 rpm / min until the solution in the beaker forms uniform and stable tiny bubbles, forming a foaming solution;

[0027] B4: Finally, add the nano self-repairing enhanced particle component to the foaming solution and continue stirring at a stirring speed of 250-350 rpm / min. After the addition of the nano self-repairing enhanced particle component is completed, add the mixed solution to an ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation, dispersion and dissolution to obtain a concrete waterproofing agent with a mass concentration of 10% ± 0.5%.

[0028] In a further embodiment, the stirring duration of the micro-expansion repair component and water is 5-10 minutes, the stirring duration of the hydrophobic breathable composite component is 10-15 minutes, the dripping duration of the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother solution is 5-8 minutes, and the dripping acceleration rate is 0.5-1 mL / s, the stirring duration of the bio-based air-entraining component is 8-12 minutes, the stirring and dispersion duration of the nano self-repairing enhancing particle component is 20-30 minutes, and the heating temperature for the preparation of the concrete waterproofing agent is 40-50°C ± 5°C.

[0029] In a further embodiment, the pH value of the concrete waterproofing agent is preferably 7-9, and the viscosity of the concrete waterproofing agent is preferably 20-50 mPa / s.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The present invention combines different types of waterproofing agents, including a waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent, a micro-expansion repair component, a hydrophobic breathable composite component, a bio-based air-entraining component, and a nano self-repairing reinforcing particle component, to form a high-performance concrete waterproofing agent. This waterproofing agent can not only improve the waterproof performance of concrete, but also increase the strength of concrete.

[0032] 2. The present invention, through the addition of micro-expansion repair components and nano self-repairing reinforcement particles, can compensate for shrinkage during concrete mixing. After the concrete is loaded and micro-cracks are generated, the micro-expansion repair components can restore to their original state by virtue of their own memory properties at a suitable temperature. At the same time, the nano self-repairing reinforcement particles automatically sense and repair, reducing maintenance costs and extending the service life of the structure. At the appropriate temperature, they decompose and enter the cracks to carry out waterproof repair. When slight cracks appear in the concrete layer, they are repaired to prevent further expansion of the cracks, thereby ensuring that the concrete layer will not fail to waterproof due to continued crack expansion.

[0033] 3. In the present invention, the bio-based air-entraining component introduces fine bubbles to optimize the pore structure of concrete, and microorganisms form a biofilm in the concrete pores, which synergistically blocks water penetration. At the same time, it is biodegradable, which is in line with the concept of environmental protection. It is combined with the hydrophobic and breathable composite component to balance the internal and external humidity, which not only meets environmental protection requirements but also prevents the waterproof layer from failing and ensures the stability of the concrete layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the preparation process of the high performance concrete waterproofing agent of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 The figure is a flowchart of the preparation process of the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Comparative Example

[0038] 10g of 40% sodium silicate is used as the main inorganic active ingredient, 40g of 15% fatty acid emulsion is added, which has a hydrophobic effect, supplemented with 100g of 10% water reducer, which is a common polycarboxylate water reducer, and 800g of 35% deionized water is added as a solvent.

[0039] Preparation method:

[0040] B1: Slowly add sodium silicate into deionized water and stir at 300 r / min in a constant temperature water bath at 60°C for 30 minutes to fully dissolve it.

[0041] B2: Then slowly add the fatty acid emulsion dropwise and continue stirring for 20 minutes. Adjust the speed to 400r / min to ensure that the emulsion is evenly dispersed.

[0042] B3: Finally, add ordinary polycarboxylate water reducer and stir for 15 minutes, keeping the speed at 400r / min to obtain the finished waterproofing agent.

[0043] Synthesis Example of Waterproof Polycarboxylate Water-Reducing Agent Mother Solution

[0044] A1: First, add 300g of 3000 molecular weight butanediol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether and 10g of succinic anhydride into the prepared container, then add water, mix and heat to 125°C, and then esterify for 6 hours;

[0045] A2: After the esterification reaction is completed, add 300g water, 5g acrylic acid, 5g methacrylic acid, 5g butyl acrylate, 1g hydrogen peroxide, and 0.5g tetrabutylammonium iodide to a container and stir to dissolve;

[0046] A3: Dissolve 0.01g ferrous sulfate and 0.5g L-ascorbic acid in 50g water as the dropwise solution. Once the solution is completely dissolved, begin adding the solution dropwise to the container within 1 hour.

[0047] A4: After the addition is completed, the reaction is continued for 1 hour, and water is added to about 40% by mass concentration to obtain a waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother solution.

[0048] Preparation of high performance concrete waterproofing agent

[0049] Example 1

[0050] B1: Prepare a flask, a stirrer, and a heater, add 870 g of water to the flask, then turn on the stirring and heating, then add sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, potassium methyl silicate, silicone hydrophobic agent, and porous ceramic microsphere compound 40 g to the flask, and wait for complete dissolution;

[0051] B2: Then prepare a dropper, draw 100 g of waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, add the waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor to the solution in the beaker by dripping, after the completion of the waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor dripping, add 10 g of active agent to the solution in the beaker, and stir, stir until the solution in the beaker forms uniform, stable microbubbles, forming a foaming solution;

[0052] B3: Finally, add calcium sulphoaluminate expansive agent, nano-particle and nano-carbon fiber compound 6 g to the foaming solution, and continue to stir, add the mixed solution to the ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation dispersion and dissolution, to obtain a concrete waterproofing agent with a mass concentration of 10% ± 0.5%.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] B1: Prepare a flask, a stirrer, and a heater, add 870 g of water to the flask, then turn on the stirring and heating, then add triethanolamine, aluminum sulfate, calcium aluminate expansive agent, and shape memory alloy fiber compound 40 g to the flask, and wait for complete dissolution;

[0055] B2: Then prepare a dropper, draw 100 g of waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, add the waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor to the solution in the beaker by dripping, after the completion of the waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor dripping, add 10 g of active agent to the solution in the beaker, and stir, stir until the solution in the beaker forms uniform, stable microbubbles, forming a foaming solution;

[0056] B3: Finally, add calcium sulphoaluminate expansive agent, nano-particle and nano-carbon fiber compound 6 g to the foaming solution, and continue to stir, add the mixed solution to the ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation dispersion and dissolution, to obtain a concrete waterproofing agent with a mass concentration of 10% ± 0.5%.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] B1: Prepare a flask, a stirrer, and a heater, add 930 g of water to the flask, then turn on the stirring and heating, then add triethanolamine, aluminum sulfate, calcium aluminate expansive agent, and shape memory alloy fiber compound 40 g to the flask, and wait for complete dissolution;

[0059] B2: Then add the prepared sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, potassium methyl silicate, organic silicon hydrophobic agent and porous ceramic microsphere compound 40g into the beaker and continue to stir until completely dissolved;

[0060] B3: Then prepare a dropper, draw 100g of waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, and add the waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor to the solution in the beaker by dripping, complete the dripping of the waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor;

[0061] B4: Finally, add the calcium sulfoaluminate expansive agent, nano-particle and nano-carbon fiber compound 6g to the foaming solution and continue to stir. Add the mixed solution to the ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation dispersion and dissolution to obtain a concrete waterproofing agent with a mass concentration of 10%±0.5%.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] B1: Prepare a flask, stirrer and heater, add 750g of water to the flask, then start stirring and heating, then add triethanolamine, aluminum sulfate, calcium aluminate type expansive agent and shape memory alloy fiber compound 40g to the flask, and wait for complete dissolution;

[0064] B2: Then add the prepared sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, potassium methyl silicate, organic silicon hydrophobic agent and porous ceramic microsphere compound 40g into the beaker and continue to stir until completely dissolved;

[0065] B3: Add 10g of active agent to the solution in the beaker and stir until the solution in the beaker forms uniform and stable microbubbles to form a foaming solution;

[0066] B4: Finally, add the calcium sulfoaluminate expansive agent, nano-particle and nano-carbon fiber compound 6g to the foaming solution and continue to stir. Add the mixed solution to the ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation dispersion and dissolution to obtain a concrete waterproofing agent with a mass concentration of 10%±0.5%.

[0067] Example 5

[0068] B1: Prepare a flask, stirrer and heater, add 830g of water to the flask, then start stirring and heating, then add triethanolamine, aluminum sulfate, calcium aluminate type expansive agent and shape memory alloy fiber compound 40g to the flask, and wait for complete dissolution;

[0069] B2: Then add the prepared sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, potassium methyl silicate, organic silicon hydrophobic agent and porous ceramic microsphere compound 40g into the beaker and continue to stir until completely dissolved

[0070] B3: Then prepare a dropper, extract 100g of the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor, and add the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor to the solution in the beaker by dropwise addition. After the completion of the dropwise addition of the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor, add 10g of the active agent to the solution in the beaker and stir until the solution in the beaker forms uniform and stable tiny bubbles to form a foaming solution to obtain a concrete waterproofing agent with a mass concentration of 10% ± 0.5%.

[0071] Example 6

[0072] B1: Prepare a flask, a stirrer, and a heater, add 1000 g of water to the flask, then start stirring and heating, then add 40 g of triethanolamine, aluminum sulfate, ettringite expansion agent, and shape memory alloy fiber composite to the flask and wait until they are completely dissolved;

[0073] B2: Then, 40 g of the prepared sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, potassium methyl silicate, organosilicon water repellent, and porous ceramic microsphere composite was added to the beaker and stirred until completely dissolved;

[0074] B3: Then prepare a dropper, extract 100g of the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor, and add the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor to the solution in the beaker by dropwise addition. After the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor is added dropwise, 10g of the active agent is added to the solution in the beaker and stirred until the solution in the beaker forms uniform and stable tiny bubbles to form a foaming solution;

[0075] B4: Finally, add 6 g of calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent, nanoparticles and nanocarbon fiber composite to the foaming solution and continue stirring. Add the mixed solution to an ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation, dispersion and dissolution to obtain a concrete waterproofing agent with a mass concentration of 10% ± 0.5%.

[0076] The specific differences between the above embodiments 1-6 are as follows:

[0077] Example 1 is a waterproofing agent prepared without adding micro-expansion repair components;

[0078] Example 2 is a waterproofing agent prepared without adding a hydrophobic and breathable composite component;

[0079] Example 3 is a waterproofing agent prepared without adding bio-based air-entraining components;

[0080] Example 4 is a waterproofing agent prepared without adding waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor;

[0081] Example 5 is a waterproofing agent prepared without adding the nano self-repairing reinforcing particle component;

[0082] Example 6 is a waterproofing agent prepared by adding all the above materials.

[0083] Application Example 1

[0084] The prepared concrete waterproofing agents of Examples 1-6 were added at a 2% dosage according to the test method in JC / T474-2008 "Mortar and Concrete Waterproofing Agents". Concrete performance tests were conducted on these six samples, including 28-day strength ratio, penetration height, shrinkage ratio, and water absorption ratio tests. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0085] Table 1 shows the performance test results of concrete waterproofing agent

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] Sodium silicate and potassium methyl silicate (hydrophobic and breathable composite components): Comparing Example 1 with Example 2, Example 1 contains this component, and its permeability height is relatively low, indicating that sodium silicate and potassium methyl silicate help to reduce the permeability height of concrete, improve the anti-permeability performance, and make the permeability height ratio more ideal; they also have a positive effect on the water absorption ratio, can reduce the water absorption of concrete, and reduce the water absorption ratio.

[0089] Triethanolamine and aluminum sulfate (micro-expansion repair component): Comparing Example 1 and Example 2, Example 2 contains this component, and the 28-day strength ratio reaches 130%, which is higher than Example 1 which does not contain this component, indicating that it has a promoting effect on the strength of concrete and is beneficial to improving the 28-day strength ratio. In terms of shrinkage ratio, Example 2 is 102%, which is lower than 125% of Example 1, indicating that it can reduce the shrinkage rate to a certain extent, improve volume stability, and reduce the shrinkage ratio value.

[0090] Waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor: Example 4 did not add the waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, and the 28-day strength ratio was only 106%, far lower than the other examples containing the waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor. This shows that the waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor has a significant effect on improving the strength of concrete and is the key to ensuring a high 28-day strength ratio. At the same time, the penetration height ratio is as high as 40 when it is not added, while the penetration height ratio of the examples with the addition is relatively low, demonstrating that the waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer can optimize the internal structure of concrete, significantly improve the impermeability, and reduce the penetration height ratio.

[0091] Surfactant (bio-based air-entraining component): Comparison of Example 5 with the other examples and comparative examples reveals that when the steps for forming the foaming solution differ, i.e., when the activator is added at different stages, the water absorption ratio fluctuates, such as 78% in Example 5. This suggests that the activator has an effect on the formation of the bubble structure within the concrete, thereby affecting the water absorption. A reasonable bubble structure can reduce the water absorption ratio.

[0092] Calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent and nano-carbon fiber (nano self-healing reinforcing particle component): Example 6 contains all components. Compared with other examples and comparative examples, it has the best comprehensive performance, with a 28-day strength ratio of 135%, a penetration height ratio of 20%, a shrinkage ratio of 95%, and a water absorption ratio of 60%. This shows that these components work synergistically to not only improve the strength to ensure the 28-day strength ratio, but also enhance anti-seepage, control shrinkage, reduce water absorption, and optimize various performance indicators.

[0093] The penetration height ratio in the table is calculated using the following formula:

[0094]

[0095] Wherein, x is the penetration height (unit: mm) measured under the test conditions of the concrete with the waterproofing agent content (unit: %), l is the reference penetration height (referring to the penetration height obtained under the same test conditions of the reference concrete without the waterproofing agent), and is 10 mm for Examples 1-6;

[0096] As can be seen from Table 1, the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor, the micro-expansion repair component, the hydrophobic breathable composite component, the bio-based air-entraining component and the nano self-repairing reinforcing particle component all have certain effects on the waterproof performance of concrete. Among them, the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor has the most obvious effect. The bio-based air-entraining component has a certain influence on the strength of concrete, so its dosage needs to be controlled and cannot be too much. The micro-expansion repair component can reduce the shrinkage of concrete, and the hydrophobic breathable composite component can reduce the water absorption of concrete. By comparing Example 4 with Examples 1-3, 5 and 6 in Table 1, it can be seen that adding a waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent has a better waterproofing effect than not adding it. At the same time, when comparing Examples 1-6 with the comparative example, in the comparison of the 28-day strength ratio, penetration height, shrinkage ratio and water absorption ratio tested, the high-performance concrete waterproofing agent with the addition of the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor, the micro-expansion repair component, the hydrophobic breathable composite component, the bio-based air-entraining component and the nano self-repairing reinforcing particle component has a significant performance improvement;

[0097] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clear explanation and are not limited to these examples. Different forms of changes made in this field are not enumerated here, so the derived changes are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0098] Example 7

[0099] Refer to the attached Figure 1-2A high-performance concrete waterproofing agent, the raw materials of the waterproofing agent are composed of the following proportions by mass: 6% to 12% of waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor, 2% to 6% of micro-expansion repair component, 1.5% to 3% of hydrophobic and breathable composite component, 0.08% to 0.15% of bio-based air-entraining component, 0.8% to 2.5% of nano self-repairing enhancing particle component, and the rest is water.

[0100] Waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor is made from the following raw materials;

[0101] The mother liquor raw material of the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent is obtained by polymerizing the following raw materials in parts by mass: 200-400 parts of butanediol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether, 5-15 parts of succinic anhydride, and 10-20 parts of acrylic acid and its derivatives. The general formula of butanediol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether is as follows:

[0102]

[0103] wherein n=10-100, preferably n=40-60;

[0104] Acrylic acid and its derivatives are one or more of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and butyl acrylate;

[0105] The preparation method of waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother solution comprises the following steps:

[0106] A1: First, add butanediol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether and succinic anhydride into a container and heat until the butanediol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether and succinic anhydride are melted at 120-130°C, followed by esterification reaction for 5-10 hours to obtain an esterified monomer;

[0107] A2: Mix the esterified monomer, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, butyl acrylate and water, and stir evenly to prepare a base liquid.

[0108] A3: Then add oxidant, reducing agent, catalyst and phase transfer agent into the base liquid to carry out polymerization reaction at room temperature. The oxidant and phase transfer agent are directly added to the base liquid, and the reducing agent and catalyst should be prepared into a dropping liquid. The oxidant, reducing agent, catalyst and phase transfer agent are added dropwise within 0.5-3 hours. Then continue aging for 1 hour and then add water to about 40% mass concentration to obtain a waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquid.

[0109] The general formula of the esterification monomer is shown below:

[0110]

[0111] A variety of functional small monomers are added to the synthesis of the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor, and a mother liquor with a suitable HLB value is obtained through graft copolymerization. A key raw material phase transfer agent is added during the polymerization to better enable the graft polymerization of the monomer with oily function, butyl acrylate. The waterproofing agent is then compounded with additives with different functions to improve its waterproof performance.

[0112] The initiator is hydrogen peroxide or ammonium persulfate, the reducing agent is L-ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite, the catalyst is ferrous sulfate, and the phase transfer agent is tetrabutylammonium iodide.

[0113] The micro-expansion repair component includes: triethanolamine, aluminum sulfate, ettringite expansion agent and shape memory alloy fiber. The micro-expansion repair component is made by compounding one or more of triethanolamine, aluminum sulfate, ettringite expansion agent and shape memory alloy fiber. Triethanolamine and aluminum sulfate produce moderate expansion during the concrete hardening process, compensate for microcracks caused by shrinkage of concrete, block possible water seepage channels, and further enhance the waterproof effect. At the same time, it helps to improve the bond strength between concrete and steel bars and ensure the integrity of the structure. The addition of ettringite expansion agent provides stable expansion in the early stage of concrete hardening to compensate for shrinkage. After the concrete is loaded and microcracks are generated, the shape memory alloy fiber, relying on its own memory characteristics, returns to its original state at a suitable temperature, expands the cracks, promotes the penetration of subsequent repair materials, realizes self-repair of cracks, and strengthens the waterproof barrier.

[0114] The hydrophobic and breathable composite component includes: sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, potassium methyl silicate, silicone hydrophobic agent and porous ceramic microspheres. The hydrophobic and breathable composite component is made by compounding one or more of sodium methyl silicate, potassium methyl silicate, silicone hydrophobic agent and porous ceramic microspheres. The sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, potassium methyl silicate, silicone hydrophobic agent and porous ceramic microspheres are mixed and used to construct a waterproof membrane in concrete. The porous ceramic microspheres allow the water vapor inside the concrete to be discharged moderately while ensuring the hydrophobic effect, avoiding the pressure accumulation caused by the humidity difference between the inside and the outside, effectively preventing the waterproof layer from bulging and cracking, and extending the waterproof life.

[0115] The bio-based air-entraining component is composed of surfactants obtained from plant extracts. The active agent is a compound of saponins and a corresponding amount of microbial polysaccharides. Surfactants obtained from plant extracts, such as saponins, are combined with a corresponding amount of microbial polysaccharides. The saponins have a mild and stable air-entraining effect, and introduce fine bubbles to optimize the pore structure. The microbial polysaccharides form a biofilm in the pores of the concrete, synergistically blocking water penetration. At the same time, it is biodegradable, which is in line with the concept of environmental protection.

[0116] The components of the nano self-repairing enhanced particle component include: calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent, nanoparticles and nanocarbon fibers. The nano self-repairing enhanced particle component is made of a composite of one or more of the calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent, nanoparticles and nanocarbon fibers. The calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent, nanoparticles and nanocarbon fibers loaded with a repair agent are selected to be composited. When the concrete cracks, it breaks and releases the repair agent to fill the cracks. It not only enhances the mechanical properties of the concrete, but the high conductivity of the material can also accelerate the migration of the repair agent to the cracks under the action of the electric field, accelerate the self-repair process, and improve waterproof reliability.

[0117] A method for preparing a high-performance concrete waterproofing agent is applied to a high-performance concrete waterproofing agent, comprising the following steps:

[0118] B1: Prepare a flask, stirrer, and heater. Add an appropriate amount of water to the flask, then stir and heat at a speed of 200-300 rpm / min. Then add the micro-swelling repair component to the flask and continue heating and stirring until it is completely dissolved.

[0119] B2: Then add the prepared hydrophobic and breathable composite component to the beaker and continue stirring at a speed of 300-400 rpm / min until it is completely dissolved;

[0120] B3: Then prepare a dropper, draw the corresponding amount of waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor, and add the waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor to the solution in the beaker by dropwise addition. After the waterproof polycarboxylate superplasticizer mother liquor is added, add the bio-based air-entraining component to the solution in the beaker and stir at a stirring speed of 250-300 rpm / min until the solution in the beaker forms uniform and stable tiny bubbles, forming a foaming solution;

[0121] B4: Finally, add the nano self-repairing enhanced particle component to the foaming solution and continue stirring at a stirring speed of 250-350 rpm / min. After the nano self-repairing enhanced particle component is added, add the mixed solution to an ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation, dispersion and dissolution to obtain a concrete waterproofing agent with a mass concentration of 10% ± 0.5%.

[0122] The stirring duration of the mixture of the micro-expansion repair component and water is 5-10 minutes, the stirring duration of the hydrophobic and breathable composite component is 10-15 minutes, the dripping duration of the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor is 5-8 minutes, and the dripping acceleration rate is 0.5-1 mL / s, the stirring duration of the bio-based air-entraining component is 8-12 minutes, the stirring and dispersion duration of the nano self-repairing enhancing particle component is 20-30 minutes, and the preparation heating temperature of the concrete waterproofing agent is 40-50℃±5℃.

[0123] The pH value of the concrete waterproofing agent is preferably 7-9. By adjusting the pH value of the waterproofing agent, the stability of the product and its adaptability to the concrete performance are guaranteed. The viscosity of the concrete waterproofing agent is preferably 20-50mPa / s. It is measured using a rotational viscometer at a specific temperature (such as 25°C). The viscosity value is controlled at 20-50mPa / s to ensure that the product has good construction performance and facilitates subsequent concrete construction at different temperatures.

[0124] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high performance concrete waterproofing agent, characterized in that: The raw materials of the waterproofing agent are composed of the following proportions by mass: 6% to 12% of waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor, 2% to 6% of micro-expansion repair component, 1.5% to 3% of hydrophobic breathable composite component, 0.08% to 0.15% of bio-based air entraining component, 0.8% to 2.5% of nano self-repairing reinforcing particle component, and the rest is water; The mother liquor of the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 200-400 parts of butanediol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether, 5-15 parts of succinic anhydride, and 10-20 parts of acrylic acid and its derivatives. The general formula of the butanediol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether is as follows: ； Where n = 10-100; The acrylic acid and its derivatives are one or more of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and butyl acrylate; The micro-expansion repair component is prepared by compounding shape memory alloy fiber and one or more expansion agents such as triethanolamine, aluminum sulfate and ettringite.

2. A high performance concrete waterproofing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother solution comprises the following steps: A1: First, add butanediol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether and succinic anhydride into a container and heat until the butanediol monovinyl polyethylene glycol ether and succinic anhydride are melted at 120-130°C, followed by esterification reaction for 5-10 hours to obtain an esterified monomer; A2: Mix the esterified monomer, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, butyl acrylate and water, and stir evenly to prepare a base liquid; A3: Then, an oxidant, a reducing agent, a catalyst and a phase transfer agent are added to the base liquid to carry out a polymerization reaction at room temperature. The oxidant and the phase transfer agent are directly added to the base liquid, and the reducing agent and the catalyst are prepared as a dropwise solution. The oxidant, the reducing agent, the catalyst and the phase transfer agent are added dropwise within 0.5-3 hours. Then, the aging is continued for 1 hour and water is added to a mass concentration of 40% to obtain a waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother solution. The general formula of the esterification monomer is shown below: 。 3. A high performance concrete waterproofing agent according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oxidant is hydrogen peroxide or ammonium persulfate, the reducing agent is L-ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite, the catalyst is ferrous sulfate, and the phase transfer agent is tetrabutylammonium iodide.

4. A high performance concrete waterproofing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrophobic and breathable composite component is prepared by compounding one or more of sodium methyl silicate, potassium methyl silicate, an organic silicon hydrophobic agent and porous ceramic microspheres.

5. A high performance concrete waterproofing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bio-based air-entraining component includes a surfactant obtained from a plant extract, and the surfactant is a compound of saponins and a corresponding amount of microbial polysaccharides.

6. A high performance concrete waterproofing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano self-repairing reinforcement particle component is prepared by compounding one or more of a calcium sulphoaluminate expansion agent, nanoparticles and nano-carbon fibers.

7. A method for preparing a high-performance concrete waterproofing agent, using a high-performance concrete waterproofing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: B1: Prepare a flask, stirrer, and heater. Add an appropriate amount of water to the flask, then stir and heat at a speed of 200-300 rpm / min. Then add the micro-swelling repair component to the flask and continue heating and stirring until it is completely dissolved. B2: Then add the prepared hydrophobic and breathable composite component to the beaker and continue stirring at a speed of 300-400 rpm / min until it is completely dissolved; B3: Then prepare a dropper, extract a corresponding amount of waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor, and add the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor to the solution in the beaker by dropwise addition. After the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor is added dropwise, add the bio-based air-entraining component to the solution in the beaker and stir at a stirring speed of 250-300 rpm / min until the solution in the beaker forms uniform and stable tiny bubbles, forming a foaming solution; B4: Finally, add the nano self-repairing enhanced particle component to the foaming solution and continue stirring at a stirring speed of 250-350 rpm / min. After the addition of the nano self-repairing enhanced particle component is completed, add the mixed solution to an ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation, dispersion and dissolution to obtain a concrete waterproofing agent with a mass concentration of 10%±0.5%.

8. The method for preparing a high performance concrete waterproofing agent according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stirring duration of the mixture of the micro-expansion repair component and water is 5-10 minutes, the stirring duration of the hydrophobic breathable composite component is 10-15 minutes, the dripping duration of the waterproof polycarboxylate water-reducing agent mother liquor is 5-8 minutes, and the dripping acceleration rate is 0.5-1 mL / s, the stirring duration of the bio-based air-entraining component is 8-12 minutes, the stirring and dispersion duration of the nano self-repairing enhancing particle component is 20-30 minutes, and the heating temperature for the preparation of the concrete waterproofing agent is 40-50°C.

9. The method for preparing a high performance concrete waterproofing agent according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pH value of the concrete waterproofing agent is 7-9, and the viscosity of the concrete waterproofing agent is 20-50 mPa / s.

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