Wireless transmission type plunger shaft temperature and pressure testing device and technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a wireless transmission type plunger shaft temperature and pressure testing device and technology, and belongs to the technical field of plunger shaft parameter dynamic monitoring, the wireless transmission type plunger shaft temperature and pressure testing device comprises a plunger gas lift controller and a plunger pressure gauge assembly, the plunger gas lift controller is connected with a ground control instrument, and the plunger pressure gauge assembly reciprocates in the plunger gas lift controller. According to the plunger gas lift liquid drainage reciprocating motion process, the pressure, temperature, position and other data of a whole shaft are monitored, a reasonable plunger drainage and mining system is intelligently compiled, stable production of a gas well is ensured, and the gas production period is prolonged; the plunger pressure gauge is different from a conventional pressure gauge, the problems of wireless data transmission and wireless charging in an oil pipe are solved, and the functions of testing underground real-time pressure, temperature and position while water drainage and gas production of the plunger are achieved; according to the invention, the high-frequency and accurate recording of the temperature and pressure data of the shaft is of great significance to the effect evaluation of the gas well measure production process, and the problem that the temperature and pressure data of the shaft cannot be continuously acquired for a long time in the current pressure gauge actual measurement method is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dynamic monitoring of plunger wellbore parameters, and in particular relates to a wireless transmission type plunger wellbore temperature and pressure testing device and process. Background Art

[0002] The wellbore temperature and pressure data during the gas well production process are important parameters for evaluating and analyzing the dynamic situation of gas well production, assisting the optimization of gas well measures and evaluating the effect of drainage measures. At present, there are two main means to obtain wellbore temperature and pressure parameters. One is the pressure gauge actual measurement method. This method tests the data accurately, but requires operation, the frequency of data acquisition is low, and the cost is high; the other is the theoretical calculation method, which uses the real-time pressure and temperature data acquired at the wellhead to calculate the temperature and pressure parameters of the entire wellbore by selecting theoretical formulas. This method can calculate the temperature and pressure data of the wellbore downhole based on the high-frequency data acquired at the wellhead. However, after the gas wellbore is filled with liquid, the data calculated by this method has errors due to the influence of the liquid level of the wellbore. Therefore, high-frequency and accurate acquisition of wellbore temperature and pressure data is of great significance to the effect evaluation of the gas well production process. This invention proposes a process testing method to solve the problem that the current pressure gauge actual measurement method cannot obtain wellbore temperature and pressure data continuously for a long time. The plunger lifting monitoring technology has the characteristics of easy installation and maintenance, high level of intelligence, wide range of application, and significant economic benefits. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes: a wireless transmission type plunger wellbore temperature and pressure testing device, including a plunger gas lift controller and a plunger pressure gauge assembly, the plunger gas lift controller is connected to a ground control instrument, and the plunger pressure gauge assembly reciprocates in the plunger gas lift controller.

[0004] Furthermore, the plunger gas lift controller is used to collect downhole pressure, temperature, acceleration, oil, casing pressure, plunger arrival status, and well opening and closing status.

[0005] Furthermore, the upper end of the plunger gas lift controller is connected to a gas well solenoid valve switch to achieve periodic control of opening and closing of the gas well.

[0006] Furthermore, the lower end of the plunger gas lift controller is connected to a remote monitoring platform server of a ground controller via a data communication system.

[0007] Furthermore, the gas well solenoid valve switch is connected to the wellhead blowout preventer, and the lower end of the wellhead blowout preventer is connected in sequence to the blowout preventer connector, the transmission antenna shell, the sealing ring, the transmission antenna inner tube, the transmission antenna female winding, the transmission antenna female core, and the plunger, thereby realizing data transmission and wireless charging after the plunger reaches the wellhead.

[0008] Further, the lower end of the wellhead blowout preventer pipe is connected to a plunger catcher to capture the plunger after it reaches the wellhead.

[0009] Further, the external part of the plunger pressure gauge assembly consists of a plunger upper joint, a plunger housing, and a plug. Inside the plunger pressure gauge assembly, there are successively connected from top to bottom: a shock-absorbing spring, a buffer assembly, a pressure sensor, a damping rubber ring, a central tube, a male core of a transmission antenna and a winding of the male transmission antenna, a circuit board assembly, and a battery pack.

[0010] A wireless transmission type plunger wellbore temperature and pressure testing process includes the following steps:

[0011] S1. Modify the surface blowout preventer pipe and lay the female transmission antenna at a suitable position on the blowout preventer pipe;

[0012] S2. Insert the plunger and close the well. The plunger descends: The plunger records the changes in environmental physical properties during the descending movement with the well depth, and automatically generates and stores the profiles of pressure and temperature changing with the well depth;

[0013] S3. The plunger falls into the liquid level in the wellbore, automatically generates and stores the profile of acceleration changing with the well depth, effectively reflecting the liquid accumulation condition in the downhole pipe string;

[0014] S4. The plunger reaches the limiter, energy is restored and it waits for the well to be opened: The bottom hole pressure and temperature data are recorded in real time;

[0015] S5. Open the well and the plunger ascends: The plunger records the changes in environmental physical properties during the ascending movement with the well depth, and automatically generates and stores the profiles of pressure and temperature changing with the well depth;

[0016] S6. The plunger leaves the liquid level in the wellbore, automatically generates and stores the profile of acceleration changing with the well depth, effectively reflecting the liquid accumulation condition in the downhole pipe string;

[0017] S7. After the plunger reaches the wellhead and hovers in the blowout preventer pipe, the female transmission antenna automatically senses the position of the plunger arrival, and is wirelessly connected to the integrated male transmission antenna to achieve wireless charging with adjustable power;

[0018] S8. While the plunger is being wirelessly charged at the wellhead, the integrated transmission antenna conducts high-frequency wireless carrier communication, receives the control instructions from the surface control instrument and transmits the stored information of the plunger received to the surface control instrument, and finally the monitoring information is uploaded by the surface control instrument to the data server.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Through the reciprocating movement process of plunger gas lift for liquid drainage, the present invention monitors data such as the pressure, temperature, and position of the entire wellbore, and intelligently formulates a reasonable plunger production system to ensure the stable production of gas wells and extend the gas production cycle. Different from conventional pressure gauges, the plunger pressure gauge has overcome the problems of wireless data transmission and wireless charging inside the tubing, and realized the functions of simultaneously testing the downhole real-time pressure, temperature, and position during plunger drainage and gas production. High-frequency and accurate acquisition of the temperature and pressure data of the wellbore is of great significance for the effect evaluation of the production process of gas well measures. The process test method proposed in this invention aims to solve the problem that the currently measured method of pressure gauges cannot continuously obtain the temperature and pressure data of the wellbore for a long time. After installing this system, the intelligent level of the plunger lift monitoring system will be greatly improved, the applicable range will be further expanded, the lift optimization degree will be effectively improved, and the recovery rate and economic benefits will be further increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the surface equipment and plunger of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plunger pressure gauge assembly of the present invention;

[0022] Among them, the reference numerals are 111 - surface control instrument, 21 - wellhead blowout preventer pipe, 31 - blowout preventer pipe connector, 41 - transmission antenna housing, 51 - sealing ring, 61 - inner cylinder of transmission antenna, 71 - winding of female head of transmission antenna, 81 - iron core of female head of transmission antenna, 91 - plunger, 1 - upper joint of plunger, 2 - shock-absorbing spring, 3 - buffer assembly, 4 - pressure sensor, 5 - damping rubber ring, 6 - central tube, 7 - iron core of male head of transmission antenna, 8 - winding of male head of transmission antenna, 9 - plunger housing, 10 - circuit board assembly, 11 - battery pack, 12 - plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] To make the technical means and the achieved purpose of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments. A wireless transmission type plunger wellbore temperature and pressure testing device includes a plunger gas lift controller and a plunger pressure gauge assembly. The plunger gas lift controller is connected to the surface control instrument 111, and the plunger pressure gauge assembly reciprocates in the plunger gas lift controller.

[0024] Among them, the plunger gas lift controller is used to collect downhole pressure, temperature, acceleration, oil, casing pressure, plunger arrival state, and well opening and closing states.

[0025] Among them, the upper end of the plunger gas lift controller is connected to the gas well solenoid valve switch to realize periodic control of the gas well opening and closing.

[0026] Among them, the lower end of the plunger gas lift controller is connected to the remote monitoring platform server of the surface control instrument 111 through a data communication system.

[0027] Among them, the gas well solenoid valve switch is connected to the wellhead blowout preventer pipe 21. The lower end of the wellhead blowout preventer pipe 21 is successively connected to the blowout preventer connector 31, the transmission antenna outer shell 41, the sealing ring 51, the transmission antenna inner cylinder 61, the transmission antenna female head winding 71, the transmission antenna female head iron core 81, and the plunger 91, so as to realize the transmission of data and wireless charging after the plunger reaches the wellhead.

[0028] Among them, the lower end of the wellhead blowout preventer pipe 21 is connected to the plunger catcher, and the plunger can be captured after it reaches the wellhead.

[0029] Among them, the outside of the plunger pressure gauge assembly is composed of the plunger upper joint 1, the plunger outer shell 9, and the plug 12. Inside the plunger pressure gauge assembly, from top to bottom, there are successively connected: a shock-absorbing spring 2, a buffer assembly 3, a pressure sensor 4, a damping rubber ring 5, a central tube 6, a transmission antenna male head iron core 7 and a transmission antenna male head winding 8, a circuit board assembly 10, and a battery pack 11.

[0030] As Figure 1 shown, the main functions of the plunger gas lift controller are to collect information such as downhole pressure, temperature, and acceleration; collect casing pressure and tubing pressure; collect the plunger arrival status; collect the well opening and closing status. One end is connected to the gas well solenoid valve switch to realize the periodic control of the gas well opening and closing. The other end is connected to the remote monitoring platform server through a data communication system. The gas well solenoid valve switch is connected to the wellhead blowout preventer pipe 21, and the lower end of the blowout preventer pipe is connected to the blowout preventer connector 31, the transmission antenna outer shell 41, the sealing ring 51, the transmission antenna inner cylinder 61, the transmission antenna female head winding 71, and the transmission antenna female head iron core 81, so as to realize the transmission of data and wireless charging after the plunger reaches the wellhead. The lower end of the blowout preventer pipe is connected to the plunger catcher, and the plunger can be captured after it reaches the wellhead.

[0031] For details of the plunger pressure gauge assembly, see Figure 2 , the outside of the plunger pressure gauge assembly is composed of the plunger upper joint 1, the plunger outer shell 9, and the plug 12. Inside the plunger pressure gauge assembly, from top to bottom, it is first connected by the shock-absorbing spring 2 and the buffer assembly 3 to realize that after the plunger touches the blowout preventer pipe, the internal structural parts play a buffering role, and then it is connected to the pressure sensor 4 and the gravity sensor to record the downhole pressure, temperature, and acceleration. The damping rubber ring 5 is connected to the central tube 6, and the outside of the central tube 6 is connected to the transmission antenna male head iron core 7 and the transmission antenna male head winding 8. After the plunger reaches the wellhead, data transmission is realized. The lower end of the central tube 6 is connected to the circuit board assembly 10 and the battery pack 11 to realize wireless charging after the plunger reaches the wellhead.

[0032] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown in the figure, the plunger drainage gas production system of the present invention mainly includes: a plunger gas lift controller, a plunger pressure acquisition system, a plunger capture control system, a data communication system, a remote monitoring platform server, etc.

[0033] The plunger gas lift controller is the core device of the plunger gas lift drainage gas production control system. Its main functions include: collecting information such as the downhole pressure, temperature, and acceleration of the plunger pressure gauge; collecting the tubing and casing pressures; collecting the plunger arrival status; collecting the well opening and closing status.

[0034] The plunger pressure acquisition system is the core device of the plunger gas lift control system, including a wellhead pressure sensor and a plunger pressure gauge assembly. The wellhead pressure sensor is used to collect the tubing and casing pressures. The plunger pressure gauge has the same external dimensions as an ordinary solid plunger and contains a test circuit. It can collect and store in real time information such as the wellbore pressure, temperature, plunger position, and liquid level position in the downhole string during the normal drainage gas production process.

[0035] The plunger capture control system includes a gas well solenoid valve switch and a wellhead capture system. The solenoid valve is a pneumatic diaphragm valve drive mechanism that controls the opening and closing actions of the pneumatic diaphragm valve. The wellhead capture system includes a wellhead blowout preventer and a plunger catcher. After the plunger reaches the blowout preventer, the plunger position can be fixed by the catcher for the removal of the plunger.

[0036] The data communication system is a communication terminal device for remote control and is the bridge for communication between the remote monitoring platform and the plunger controller. It not only ensures the timely upload of on-site production data to the data server but also ensures the reliable execution of remote commands.

[0037] The remote monitoring platform server realizes the remote access of on-site equipment, timed data acquisition, database storage, and the issuance of control commands and parameters; the client realizes the human-computer interaction with users, including the current operating status of the gas well, production report and historical curve query, plunger operation parameter setting, drainage production operation system configuration, and gas well management.

[0038] A wireless transmission type plunger wellbore temperature and pressure testing process includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. Modify the surface blowout preventer and lay the female head of the transmission antenna at a suitable position on the blowout preventer.

[0040] S2. Insert the plunger and close the well. The plunger records the change of environmental physical properties with well depth during the falling motion and automatically generates and stores the profiles of pressure and temperature changing with well depth.

[0041] S3. When the plunger falls into the liquid level in the wellbore, it automatically generates and stores the profile of acceleration changing with well depth, effectively reflecting the liquid accumulation condition in the downhole string.

[0042] S4. The plunger reaches the stopper, and energy recovery awaits well opening: Record the bottom hole pressure and temperature data in real time;

[0043] S5. Open the well, and the plunger moves upward: The plunger records the variation of environmental physical properties with well depth during the upward movement, and automatically generates and stores the profiles of pressure and temperature varying with well depth;

[0044] S6. When the plunger leaves the liquid level in the wellbore, it automatically generates and stores the profile of acceleration varying with well depth, effectively reflecting the liquid accumulation condition in the downhole string;

[0045] S7. After the plunger reaches the wellhead and hovers in the blowout preventer pipe, the female head of the transmission antenna automatically senses the position of the plunger arrival, connects wirelessly with the male head of the integrated transmission antenna, and realizes wireless charging with adjustable power;

[0046] S8. While the plunger is being wirelessly charged at the wellhead, the integrated transmission antenna conducts high-frequency wireless carrier communication, receives the control instructions from the surface control instrument and transmits the stored information of the plunger to the surface control instrument, and finally the monitoring information is uploaded by the surface control instrument to the data server.

[0047] The main content and features of the present invention include:

[0048] Based on the traditional mechanical plunger, while integrating pressure and temperature sensors inside it, an acceleration sensor is designed and added. On the one hand, it monitors the variation of environmental physical properties with well depth during the movement of the plunger, and automatically generates and stores the profiles of pressure and temperature varying with well depth; at the same time, it can monitor the acceleration change of the plunger passing through different gas-liquid media, and automatically generates and stores the profile of acceleration varying with well depth, so as to effectively reflect the liquid accumulation condition in the downhole string. In addition, a control circuit is added to interpret and store the sensor results; a secondary battery is added to supply power to the internal circuit and can be charged.

[0049] A male head of an integrated transmission antenna that realizes wireless charging and wireless communication by using the electromagnetic coupling principle is added inside the plunger. Through the integrated module design, the two functions of wireless charging and wireless communication are realized while reducing the equipment occupied space. This antenna can wirelessly connect with the female head of the transmission antenna arranged inside the blowout preventer pipe after the plunger enters the blowout preventer pipe, realizing controllable charging of the secondary battery inside the plunger and real-time transmission of the information of sensors such as pressure, temperature, and depth inside the plunger.

[0050] The surface blowout preventer pipe is modified, and the female head of the transmission antenna is arranged at a suitable position on the blowout preventer pipe. After the plunger enters the blowout preventer pipe and hovers, the female head of the transmission antenna can automatically sense the position of the plunger reaching, and complete wireless connection with the male head of the integrated transmission antenna to achieve wireless charging with adjustable power. While the wireless charging function is realized, the integrated transmission antenna can perform high-frequency wireless carrier communication. The female head of the transmission antenna is connected to the surface control instrument, receives the control instructions of the surface control instrument, and transmits the stored information of the plunger received to the surface control instrument, and finally the monitoring information is uploaded by the surface control instrument to the data server.

[0051] As described above, only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wireless transmission type plunger wellbore temperature and pressure testing device, characterized in that, it includes a plunger gas lift controller and a plunger pressure gauge assembly. The plunger gas lift controller is connected to a ground control instrument (111), and the plunger pressure gauge assembly reciprocates in the plunger gas lift controller.

2. The wireless transmission type plunger wellbore temperature and pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the plunger gas lift controller is used to collect downhole pressure, temperature, acceleration, oil, casing pressure, plunger arrival status, and well opening and closing status.

3. The wireless transmission type plunger wellbore temperature and pressure testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the upper end of the plunger gas lift controller is connected to a gas well solenoid valve switch to achieve periodic control of gas well opening and closing.

4. The wireless transmission type plunger wellbore temperature and pressure testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the lower end of the plunger gas lift controller is connected to the remote monitoring platform server of the ground control instrument (111) through a data communication system.

5. The wireless transmission type plunger wellbore temperature and pressure testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, the gas well solenoid valve switch is connected to the wellhead blowout preventer pipe (21). The lower end of the wellhead blowout preventer pipe (21) is sequentially connected to a blowout preventer connector (31), a transmission antenna outer shell (41), a sealing ring (51), a transmission antenna inner cylinder (61), a transmission antenna female head winding (71), a transmission antenna female head iron core (81), and a plunger (91) to achieve data transmission and wireless charging after the plunger reaches the wellhead.

6. The wireless transmission type plunger wellbore temperature and pressure testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, the lower end of the wellhead blowout preventer pipe (21) is connected to a plunger catcher to capture the plunger after the plunger reaches the wellhead.

7. The wireless transmission type plunger wellbore temperature and pressure testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, the outside of the plunger pressure gauge assembly is composed of a plunger upper joint (1), a plunger outer shell (9), and a plug (12). Inside the plunger pressure gauge assembly, there are sequentially connected from top to bottom: a shock absorption spring (2), a buffer assembly (3), a pressure sensor (4), a damping rubber ring (5), a central tube (6), a transmission antenna male head iron core (7) and a transmission antenna male head winding (8), a circuit board assembly (10), and a battery pack (11).

8. A wireless transmission type plunger wellbore temperature and pressure testing process, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: S1. Modify the ground blowout preventer pipe and lay the transmission antenna female head at a suitable position on the blowout preventer pipe; S2. Insert the plunger and close the well. The plunger drops: The plunger records the change of environmental physical properties with well depth during the dropping movement and automatically generates and stores the profiles of pressure and temperature changing with well depth; S3. The plunger falls into the liquid level in the wellbore and automatically generates and stores the profile of acceleration changing with well depth, effectively reflecting the liquid accumulation condition in the downhole pipe string; S4. The plunger reaches the stopper and waits for the well to open after energy recovery: Real-time record the bottom hole pressure and temperature data; S5. Open the well and the plunger ascends: The plunger records the change of environmental physical properties with well depth during the ascending movement and automatically generates and stores the profiles of pressure and temperature changing with well depth; S6. The plunger leaves the liquid level in the wellbore, automatically generates and stores the profile of acceleration varying with well depth, effectively reflecting the liquid accumulation condition in the downhole string; S7. After the plunger reaches the wellhead and hovers in the blowout preventer pipe, the female head of the transmission antenna automatically senses the position of the plunger reaching, is connected with the male head of the integrated transmission antenna and completes the wireless connection, realizing wireless charging with adjustable power; S8. While the plunger reaches the wellhead for wireless charging, the integrated transmission antenna conducts high-frequency wireless carrier communication, receives the control instructions from the surface control instrument and transmits the stored information of the plunger received to the surface control instrument, and finally the monitoring information is uploaded by the surface control instrument to the data server.

Images