Method and system for optimizing anti-slip performance of slip skateboard

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-slip performance optimization method and system for a slip skateboard, and relates to the technical field of anti-slip detection, and the method comprises the steps: forming an inclined groove in an upper contact surface of a test slip skateboard; coarse sand is laid in the inclined groove, the lower contact surface of the test sliding plate is fixed to the ground, and a heavy object is placed on the test sliding plate; applying traction force, and recording critical traction force; determining a friction coefficient function according to the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sand, the included angle of the inclined groove and the weight of the heavy object; determining an optimized included angle and an optimized particle size according to the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, the first preset friction coefficient and the second preset friction coefficient; and processing the sliding plate according to the optimized included angle and the optimized particle size. According to the method and the device, the friction coefficient function representing the relationship between the processing mode and the antiskid performance can be determined, the optimized processing mode can be determined based on the friction coefficient function in combination with actual transportation requirements, and the risk of slippage of transported objects in the transportation process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of anti-slip detection, and particularly to a method and system for optimizing the anti-slip performance of a sliding skateboard. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, CN116380779A discloses a method and device for detecting the anti-slip performance of precast concrete slopes, which relates to the technical field of detecting the anti-slip performance of precast slopes, and includes a bottom plate, a normal loading mechanism, rubber, and a shear loading mechanism. The precast block to be tested is placed on the bottom plate, the rubber is placed on the top of the precast block to be tested, the normal loading mechanism is used to provide normal loading to the rubber, and the shear loading mechanism is used to provide shear loading to the rubber. This solution uses rubber material as the anti-slip pattern contact surface to conduct a shear performance test between concrete and rubber, and can measure the anti-slip friction stress of the contact surface under different normal stresses and different rubber materials through the shear performance test, and then analyze the anti-slip performance of the precast concrete slope, so as to achieve the purpose of saving materials, improving the test efficiency, and reducing the test cost, and can be widely used in the test of the anti-slip performance of precast concrete slopes.

[0003] CN111982802B discloses a portable anti-slip performance testing device and a testing method for soft ground materials. The method includes the following steps: testing through a portable anti-slip performance testing device, which includes a testing unit and a traction unit; the testing unit includes a pressing block and a testing panel, and the pressing block is detachably connected to the testing panel; the traction unit includes a frame, a traction rope, a power mechanism, and a detection mechanism. One end of the traction rope is connected to the testing panel, and the other end is connected to the power mechanism; the power mechanism can drive the testing panel to move relative to the frame along the set friction coefficient detection direction. This solution can meet the requirements of laboratory and on-site testing, is applicable to dry, clean, and wet ground, and has a wide range of application scenarios.

[0004] CN110987688A discloses a surface property detection device for the research and development of a new material that is convenient for avoiding slippage, including a detection box. A hydraulic rod is fixed inside the detection box. A first drive motor is fixedly installed inside the left side of the detection surface block. A knocking detection mechanism is connected to the middle of the first lead screw. A second drive motor is fixed to the front side of the bottom of the hydraulic rod. A second lead screw is fixed to the top of the connecting piece. An adjustment panel is bolted to the outside of the mounting piece. A mounting panel is fixed to the inner end of the adjustment panel. A fixing piece is fixed to the upper right of the adjustment panel surface. A tightening block is arranged on the left side of the anti-slip block. A sliding rod is arranged below the threaded rod. This surface property detection device for the research and development of a new material that is convenient for avoiding slippage is convenient for avoiding slippage, can effectively detect the hardness of the new material surface from multiple angles, is convenient for detecting empty packages inside the new material, and is convenient for storage without wasting space.

[0005] Therefore, in the related art, the anti-slip performance of the material surface can be tested, but for the sliding skateboard that needs to carry objects for movement, the friction and anti-slip performance of the contact surface of the sliding skateboard cannot be detected, nor can the optimized processing method of the sliding skateboard be determined based on the actual movement and transportation requirements.

[0006] The information disclosed in the background art section of the present application is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background art of the present application, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of implication that this information constitutes the prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides a method and system for optimizing the anti-slip performance of a sliding skateboard, which can solve the technical problems that the related art cannot detect the friction and anti-slip performance of the contact surface of the sliding skateboard, nor can it determine the optimized processing method of the sliding skateboard based on the actual movement and transportation requirements.

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for optimizing the anti-slip performance of a sliding skateboard, including: providing a plurality of test sliding skateboards with a plurality of oblique grooves provided on the upper contact surface thereof; laying coarse sand of various particle sizes in the oblique grooves of the plurality of test sliding skateboards, fixing the lower contact surface of the test sliding skateboards to the ground, and placing heavy objects on the test sliding skateboards; applying a continuously increasing traction force to the heavy objects along the longitudinal direction of the test sliding skateboards by a traction device until the moment when the heavy objects start to slide relative to the upper contact surface of the test sliding skateboards, and recording the critical traction force applied by the traction device; determining a friction coefficient function according to the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sand, the included angle between the orientation of the oblique grooves and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboards, and the weight of the heavy objects; determining an optimized included angle between the orientation of the oblique grooves on the sliding skateboard for carrying the transported object and the transverse direction of the sliding skateboard, and an optimized particle size of the coarse sand laid in the oblique grooves on the sliding skateboard according to the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, and a first preset friction coefficient of the sliding road surface and a second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position; processing the sliding skateboard according to the optimized included angle and the optimized particle size.

[0009] According to the present invention, determining a friction coefficient function according to the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sand, the included angle between the orientation of the oblique grooves and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboards, and the weight of the heavy objects includes: setting fitting coefficients for the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sand, the included angle between the orientation of the oblique grooves and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboards, and the weight of the heavy objects, to obtain a fitting coefficient equation of the friction coefficient function; solving the fitting coefficients in the fitting coefficient equation according to the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sand, the included angle between the orientation of the oblique grooves and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboards corresponding to a plurality of test sliding skateboards, and the weight of the heavy objects, to obtain the solved values of the fitting coefficients; and obtaining the friction coefficient function according to the solved values of the fitting coefficients and the fitting coefficient equation.

[0010] According to the present invention, setting fitting coefficients for the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sand, the included angle between the orientation of the oblique grooves and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboards, and the weight of the heavy objects, to obtain a fitting coefficient equation of the friction coefficient function includes: according to the formula , obtaining a fitting coefficient equation of the friction coefficient function, where is the critical traction force corresponding to the i-th test sliding skateboard, is the included angle between the orientation of the oblique grooves of the i-th test sliding skateboard and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboard, L is the transverse length of the sliding skateboard, is the particle size of the coarse sand corresponding to the i-th test sliding skateboard, is the weight of the heavy object, , , , and are fitting coefficients.

[0011] According to the present invention, based on the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, the first preset friction coefficient of the sliding road surface, and the second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position, to determine the optimized angle between the orientation of the diagonal groove on the sliding skateboard for carrying the transported object and the transverse direction of the sliding skateboard, and the optimized particle size of the coarse sand laid in the diagonal groove on the sliding skateboard, including: determining the constraint conditions of the parameter optimization model according to the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, the first preset friction coefficient of the sliding road surface, the second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position, and the size data of the test sliding skateboard; determining the objective function of the parameter optimization model according to the size data of the test sliding skateboard; solving the parameter optimization model according to the constraint conditions and the objective function to obtain the optimized angle and the optimized particle size.

[0012] According to the present invention, based on the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, the first preset friction coefficient of the sliding road surface, and the second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position, to determine the constraint conditions of the parameter optimization model, including: according to the formula , , , , to determine the constraint conditions of the parameter optimization model, where, is the weight of the transported object, is the undetermined value of the optimized angle, is the undetermined value of the optimized particle size, is the weight of the sliding skateboard, is the first preset friction coefficient of the sliding road surface, is a preset coefficient greater than 1, is the second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position, is a preset coefficient less than 1, is the maximum value of the angles corresponding to multiple test sliding skateboards, is the minimum value of the angles corresponding to multiple test sliding skateboards, is the particle size of the coarse sand corresponding to the first test sliding skateboard, is the particle size of the coarse sand corresponding to the second test sliding skateboard, is the particle size of the coarse sand corresponding to the nth test sliding skateboard, where n is the number of test sliding skateboards, is the solution value of, is the solution value of, is the solution value of, is the solution value of, is The solved value, where i ≤ n, and both i and n are positive integers.

[0013] According to the present invention, determining the objective function of the parameter optimization model based on the friction coefficient function includes: according to the formula , determining the objective function of the parameter optimization model, where is a minimization function.

[0014] According to the present invention, the spacing distances of adjacent diagonal grooves on the same test sliding skateboard in the longitudinal direction of the test sliding skateboard are equal, the orientations of the diagonal grooves on the same test sliding skateboard form the same angle with the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboard, and the orientations of the diagonal grooves on different test sliding skateboards form different angles with the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboard.

[0015] According to the present invention, the area of the lower surface of the heavy object is greater than or equal to the area of the upper contact surface of the test sliding skateboard, and the lower surface of the heavy object completely covers the upper contact surface of the test sliding skateboard.

[0016] According to the present invention, the front end in the sliding direction of the sliding skateboard is set to be ramp-shaped, so that the area of the upper contact surface of the sliding skateboard is greater than the area of the lower contact surface, and the transported object is fixed to the sliding skateboard through a connecting member. When the area of the lower surface of the transported object is smaller than the area of the upper contact surface of the sliding skateboard, a limiting structure is arranged around the upper contact surface of the sliding skateboard.

[0017] According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for optimizing the anti-slip-off performance of a sliding skateboard, including: a groove module for arranging a plurality of diagonal grooves on the upper contact surfaces of a plurality of test sliding skateboards; a coarse sand module for laying coarse sands of various particle sizes in the diagonal grooves of the plurality of test sliding skateboards, fixing the lower contact surfaces of the test sliding skateboards to the ground, and placing a heavy object on the test sliding skateboards; a critical traction force module for applying a continuously increasing traction force to the heavy object along the longitudinal direction of the test sliding skateboard through a traction device until the moment when the heavy object starts to slide relative to the upper contact surface of the test sliding skateboard, and recording the critical traction force applied by the traction device; a friction coefficient function module for determining a friction coefficient function according to the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sand, the angle between the orientation of the diagonal groove and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboard, and the weight of the heavy object; an optimization module for determining an optimized angle between the orientation of the diagonal groove on the sliding skateboard for carrying the transported object and the transverse direction of the sliding skateboard, and an optimized particle size of the coarse sand laid in the diagonal groove on the sliding skateboard according to the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, and the first preset friction coefficient of the sliding road surface and the second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position; and a processing module for processing the sliding skateboard according to the optimized angle and the optimized particle size.

[0018] Technical effects: According to the present invention, the anti-slip performance of a test sliding skateboard obtained by various processing methods can be detected through a heavy object and a traction device, so as to determine a friction coefficient function that can represent the relationship between the processing method and the anti-slip performance. Furthermore, based on the friction coefficient function and combined with the actual transportation requirements, an optimized processing method can be determined, so that the processing method can meet the actual transportation requirements, reduce the risk of the transported object slipping during transportation, and improve the transportation efficiency. When determining the friction coefficient function, the influence of the angle between the oblique groove and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboard on the roughness of the upper contact surface of the test sliding skateboard can be comprehensively considered. Combining the total length of the oblique groove and the hindering effect on relative movement, the influence of the angle on the roughness can be comprehensively expressed, and the variation relationship between the coarse sand particle size and the friction coefficient can be accurately expressed. Thus, the influence of the setting method of the test sliding skateboard on the frictional force can be accurately and objectively expressed, and the accuracy of the friction coefficient function can be improved. When determining the constraint conditions, the friction coefficient of the upper contact surface of the sliding skateboard can be determined through the friction coefficient function, and then the critical frictional force of the relative movement between the sliding skateboard and the transported object can be determined. Also, the critical frictional forces of the relative movement between the sliding skateboard and the sliding road surface and the unloading position can be determined. Furthermore, the value range of the critical frictional force of the relative movement between the sliding skateboard and the transported object can be determined. When moving the transported object, relative movement between the transported object and the sliding skateboard can be prevented, and relative movement between the sliding skateboard and the sliding road surface can be allowed. When unloading the transported object, relative movement between the transported object and the sliding skateboard can be allowed, and relative movement between the sliding skateboard and the road surface at the unloading position can be prevented. Moreover, in order to still complete the transportation process when there is a certain error in the calculation of the friction coefficient, a preset coefficient is also set, so that the transportation process can be successfully completed. When determining the objective function, when determining the optimized angle, while enabling the transportation process to be successfully completed, the length of the oblique groove can be minimized to improve the processing yield rate, reduce the processing difficulty and processing cost, and reduce the loss during transportation.

[0019] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and do not limit the present invention. Other features and aspects of the present invention will become clearer from the following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts. Figure 1 Exemplarily shows a flowchart of a method for optimizing the anti-slip performance of a sliding skateboard according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram exemplarily showing the diagonal grooves of a test sliding skateboard according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Block diagram exemplarily showing an anti-slip performance optimization system of a sliding skateboard according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 Flowchart exemplarily showing an anti-slip performance optimization method of a sliding skateboard according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes: Step S101, providing a plurality of diagonal grooves on the upper contact surface of a plurality of test sliding skateboards; Step S102, laying coarse sands of various particle sizes in the diagonal grooves of the plurality of test sliding skateboards, fixing the lower contact surface of the test sliding skateboards to the ground, and placing heavy objects on the test sliding skateboards; Step S103, applying a continuously increasing traction force to the heavy objects along the longitudinal direction of the test sliding skateboards through a traction device until the moment when the heavy objects start to slide relative to the upper contact surface of the test sliding skateboards, and recording the critical traction force applied by the traction device; Step S104, determining a friction coefficient function according to the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sands, the included angle between the orientation of the diagonal grooves and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboards, and the weight of the heavy objects; Step S105, determining an optimized included angle between the orientation of the diagonal grooves on the sliding skateboard for carrying the transported object and the transverse direction of the sliding skateboard, and an optimized particle size of the coarse sands laid in the diagonal grooves on the sliding skateboard according to the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, a first preset friction coefficient of the sliding road surface, and a second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position; Step S106, processing the sliding skateboard according to the optimized included angle and the optimized particle size.

[0024] The anti-slip performance optimization method of the sliding skate according to the embodiment of the present invention can detect the anti-slip performance of the test sliding skate obtained by various processing methods through heavy objects and traction equipment, so as to determine the friction coefficient function that can represent the relationship between the processing method and the anti-slip performance. Furthermore, based on the friction coefficient function, combined with the actual transportation requirements, an optimized processing method can be determined, so that this processing method can meet the actual transportation requirements, reduce the risk of the transported object slipping during transportation, and improve the transportation efficiency.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S101, the upper contact surface of the sliding skate contacts the transported object to be transported, and the lower contact surface contacts the ground. In order to reduce the possibility of the transported object slipping, grooves can be provided on the sliding skate, and coarse sand can also be laid in the grooves to increase the friction force. The setting method of the grooves and the coarse sand can be determined through testing. Oblique grooves can be provided on the upper contact surfaces of multiple test sliding skates. The spacing distances between adjacent oblique grooves on the same test sliding skate in the longitudinal direction of the test sliding skate are equal. The orientation of the oblique grooves on the same test sliding skate forms the same angle with the transverse direction of the test sliding skate. The orientations of the oblique grooves on different test sliding skates form different angles with the transverse direction of the test sliding skate.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S102, coarse sand of various particle sizes can be laid in the oblique grooves. The coarse sand particle sizes in multiple oblique grooves on the same test sliding skate are the same. Coarse sand of various particle sizes can be screened out by a gravel particle size screening device and then laid. During the test, only the friction performance of the upper contact surface of the test sliding skate (i.e., the contact surface in contact with the transported object) is tested. Therefore, the lower contact surface can be fixed to the ground, and only the friction performance of the upper contact surface is tested. The weight of the heavy object used during the test can be equal to the average weight of the transported object. And in order to comprehensively test the friction performance of the upper contact surface of the test sliding skate, the area of the lower surface of the heavy object is greater than or equal to the area of the upper contact surface of the test sliding skate, and the lower surface of the heavy object completely covers the upper contact surface of the test sliding skate, that is, the lower surface of the heavy object is in full contact with the upper contact surface of the test sliding skate, so as to test the overall friction performance of the upper contact surface of the test sliding skate.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S103, the traction device is connected to the heavy object and applies a continuously increasing traction force until the moment when the heavy object starts to slide relative to the upper contact surface of the test sliding skate, and record the critical traction force applied by the traction device. This critical traction force is equal to the critical value at which the static friction is converted into dynamic friction. When the traction force is greater than or equal to this critical value, the heavy object will slide relative to the upper contact surface of the test sliding skate. When the traction force is less than or equal to this critical value, the heavy object will be relatively stationary with the upper contact surface of the test sliding skate.

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S104, the relationship between the friction performance of the upper contact surface of the test sliding skateboard and the setting method can be determined by the critical traction force when towing the heavy objects placed on multiple test sliding skateboards, and the setting methods of the oblique grooves and the coarse sand particle sizes of the multiple test sliding skateboards. During the test, there is only one setting method for the oblique grooves on the same test sliding skateboard, but the same test sliding skateboard can be used for multiple tests. Each time during the test, the gravel particle sizes laid in the oblique grooves are different from each other, so that multiple tests can be carried out using a limited number of test sliding skateboards to obtain more test data.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, based on the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sand, the included angle between the orientation of the oblique groove and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboard, and the weight of the heavy object, a friction coefficient function is determined, including: setting the fitting coefficients of the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sand, the included angle between the orientation of the oblique groove and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboard, and the weight of the heavy object, to obtain a fitting coefficient equation of the friction coefficient function; according to the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sand, the included angle between the orientation of the oblique groove and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboard corresponding to multiple test sliding skateboards, and the weight of the heavy object, solving the fitting coefficients in the fitting coefficient equation of the friction coefficient function to obtain the solution values of the fitting coefficients; and obtaining the friction coefficient function according to the solution values of the fitting coefficients and the fitting coefficient equation.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, setting the fitting coefficients of the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sand, the included angle between the orientation of the oblique groove and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboard, and the weight of the heavy object, to obtain a fitting coefficient equation of the friction coefficient function, includes: obtaining the fitting coefficient equation of the friction coefficient function according to formula (1). (1), where, is the critical traction force corresponding to the i-th test sliding skateboard, is the included angle between the orientation of the oblique groove of the i-th test sliding skateboard and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboard, L is the transverse length of the sliding skateboard, is the particle size of the coarse sand corresponding to the i-th test sliding skateboard, is the weight of the heavy object, , , , and are the fitting coefficients.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the purpose of laying coarse sand in the inclined groove is to increase the roughness of the upper contact surface of the test sliding skateboard, thereby increasing the frictional force. The longer the length of the groove, the larger the contact area between the coarse sand in the inclined groove and the heavy object, and the greater the increase in the frictional force. However, the length of the inclined groove and the orientation of the inclined groove are related to the angle between the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboard. The larger the angle, the longer the length of the inclined groove. However, the larger the angle, the smaller the hindrance effect of the obstacle formed by the edge of the groove on the relative movement of the heavy object and the test sliding skateboard, which will instead reduce the roughness and frictional force of the upper contact surface of the test sliding skateboard. Therefore, the effect of the size of this angle on the frictional force is not single, and a comprehensive analysis needs to be carried out by combining the above two aspects.

[0032] Figure 2 Exemplarily, a schematic diagram of the inclined groove of the test sliding skateboard according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Taking Figure 2 the longest inclined groove (the longest inclined groove represented by the solid line) as an example, the length of this inclined groove is , and although the length of the shorter inclined groove above this longest inclined groove is less than , the sum of the length of the extension line of this inclined groove (i.e., the inclined groove represented by the dotted line) and the length of this inclined groove is still , and the length of the extension line of this inclined groove is equal to the length of the lowermost inclined groove (the lowermost inclined groove represented by the solid line). Therefore, it can be considered that the uppermost inclined groove and the lowermost inclined groove can be combined into a complete inclined groove, and its total length is . Based on this, k starting points of inclined grooves can be set at the left longitudinal edge of the test sliding skateboard, and the total number of inclined grooves with a length of on the test sliding skateboard is k (including the combined inclined grooves). Therefore, the total length of the inclined grooves on the test sliding skateboard is , so the larger the angle , the larger the total length of the inclined grooves, the larger the contact area between the coarse sand in the inclined grooves and the heavy object, and the greater the increase in the friction coefficient. On the other hand, the larger the angle, the smaller the hindrance effect of the obstacle formed by the edge of the groove on the relative movement of the heavy object and the test sliding skateboard. When the angle is 0°, this hindrance effect is the largest, and when the angle is 90°, this hindrance effect is the smallest. Combining this property, can be used to describe the coefficient of this hindrance effect, so that when the angle is 0°, the coefficient of this hindrance effect is 1, and when the angle is 90°, the coefficient of this hindrance effect is , where is a fitting coefficient to be determined, which is less than 1 and greater than 0. Therefore, when the hindrance effect is minimized, the action coefficient is still greater than 0. Thus, the friction coefficient of the upper contact surface of the test sliding plate is related to the above two items, that is, related to the length of the diagonal groove and the action coefficient of the hindrance effect of the diagonal groove . Therefore, a fitting coefficient is set for the product of the two .

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the coarse sand also affects the roughness of the upper contact surface of the test sliding plate. Moreover, when the particle size is small, the coarse sand may roll, instead reducing the frictional force. When the particle size is large, there may be a risk of gravel crushing, thus reducing the frictional force. Therefore, medium-sized gravel is most likely to increase the friction coefficient of the upper contact surface of the test sliding plate. Based on the above analysis, the friction coefficient does not always increase with the increase of the particle size of the coarse sand, but after increasing to a certain extent, there is a risk of decrease. Therefore, a quadratic function term is set for the particle size to describe the relationship between the friction coefficient and the particle size of the coarse sand.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above items regarding the setting of the diagonal groove and the items

[0035] regarding the setting of the coarse sand particle size are summed up to obtain the friction coefficient of the upper contact surface of the test sliding plate. The product of this friction coefficient and the weight of the heavy object is equal to the critical traction force. Thus, the fitting coefficient equation is obtained. 、 、 、 and . After solving, the solution value of is 0.347, the solution value of is 0.243, the solution value of is -0.062, the solution value of is 0.395, the solution value of is 0.083. After obtaining the solutions, they can be substituted into the fitting coefficient equation to obtain the friction coefficient function.

[0036] In this way, the influence of the angle between the oblique groove and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboard on the roughness of the upper contact surface of the test sliding skateboard can be comprehensively considered. Combining the total length of the oblique groove and the hindering effect on relative movement, the influence of the angle on the roughness can be comprehensively expressed, and the variation relationship between the coarse sand particle size and the friction coefficient can be accurately expressed. Thus, the influence of the setting method of the test sliding skateboard on the frictional force can be accurately and objectively expressed, improving the accuracy of the friction coefficient function.

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S105, when actually sliding while carrying a transported object by a sliding skateboard, based on the determined friction coefficient function above and the limitations of the actual transportation conditions, an optimized setting method for the oblique groove of the sliding skateboard and the particle size of the laid coarse sand can be determined.

[0038] According to an embodiment of the present invention, based on the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, the first preset friction coefficient of the sliding road surface, and the second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position, to determine the optimized angle between the direction of the oblique groove on the sliding skateboard for carrying the transported object and the transverse direction of the sliding skateboard, and the optimized particle size of the coarse sand laid in the oblique groove of the sliding skateboard, includes: determining the constraint conditions of the parameter optimization model according to the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, the first preset friction coefficient of the sliding road surface, the second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position, and the size data of the test sliding skateboard; determining the objective function of the parameter optimization model according to the size data of the test sliding skateboard; solving the parameter optimization model according to the constraint conditions and the objective function to obtain the optimized angle and the optimized particle size.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the parameter optimization model can be an optimization model such as a genetic algorithm model or a nonlinear programming model. The constraint conditions and the objective function of the optimization model can be set, and the constraint conditions and the objective function are related to the angle between the direction of the oblique groove on the sliding skateboard and the transverse direction of the sliding skateboard and the particle size of the coarse sand. After setting, it can be solved to determine the optimal solution that can maximize the realization of the objective described by the objective function under the constraints of the constraint conditions. The angle and particle size corresponding to this optimal solution are the optimized angle and the optimized particle size.

[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining the constraint conditions of the parameter optimization model according to the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, the first preset friction coefficient of the sliding road surface, and the second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position includes: determining the constraint conditions of the parameter optimization model according to formula (2), formula (3), formula (4), and formula (5). (2), (3), (4), (5), Wherein, is the weight of the transported object, is the undetermined value of the optimized angle, is the undetermined value of the optimized particle size, is the weight of the sliding skateboard, is the first preset friction coefficient of the sliding road surface, is a preset coefficient greater than 1, is the second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position, is a preset coefficient less than 1, is the maximum value of the angles corresponding to multiple test sliding skateboards, is the minimum value of the angles corresponding to multiple test sliding skateboards, is the particle size of the coarse sand corresponding to the first test sliding skateboard, is the particle size of the coarse sand corresponding to the second test sliding skateboard, is the particle size of the coarse sand corresponding to the nth test sliding skateboard, where n is the number of test sliding skateboards, is the solution value of, is the solution value of, is the solution value of, is the solution value of, is the solution value of, where i ≤ n, and both i and n are positive integers.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, both the first preset friction coefficient and the second preset friction coefficient can be measured actually. For example, a heavy object can be placed on the sliding road surface, and the heavy object can be pulled forward uniformly by a traction device, and the ratio of the traction force to the weight of the heavy object can be used as the first preset friction coefficient. Similarly, a heavy object can be placed at the unloading position, and the heavy object can be pulled forward uniformly by a traction device, and the ratio of the traction force to the weight of the heavy object can be used as the second preset friction coefficient. During the sliding process on the sliding road surface, it is necessary to make sure that there is no relative displacement between the transported object and the sliding skateboard, while there is relative displacement between the sliding road surface and the sliding skateboard, so as to transport the transported object through the sliding skateboard. And at the unloading position, it is necessary to make sure that there is relative displacement between the transported object and the sliding skateboard, while there is no relative displacement between the sliding road surface and the sliding skateboard, so that the transported object can leave the sliding skateboard. Therefore, the second preset friction coefficient is greater than the first preset friction coefficient. For example, a rough road surface can be laid at the unloading position, while a relatively smooth road surface can be laid on the sliding road surface.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, is the friction coefficient of the upper contact surface of the sliding skateboard when the included angle of the inclined groove is a specific included angle (i.e., the undetermined value of the optimized included angle) and the coarse sand particle size is a specific particle size (i.e., the undetermined value of the optimized particle size). is the critical frictional force for the transported object to move relative to the upper contact surface of the sliding skateboard. If the critical frictional force is exceeded, the transported object will move relative to the upper contact surface of the sliding skateboard; otherwise, the transported object and the upper contact surface of the sliding skateboard are relatively stationary. In formula (2), is the total weight of the transported object and the sliding skateboard, is the critical frictional force when the sliding skateboard moves relative to the sliding road surface. Therefore, when is greater than , when a traction force is applied to the transported object, relative movement between the transported object and the sliding skateboard can be prevented, and relative movement between the sliding skateboard and the sliding road surface can be caused, so that the sliding skateboard can carry the moving object to move. Moreover, to leave a certain margin to still achieve the above movement when there is a certain error in the calculation of the friction coefficient, can be set, is a preset coefficient greater than 1. For example, .

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in formula (3), after reaching the unloading position, is the critical frictional force for the sliding skateboard to move relative to the road surface at the unloading position. When , when a traction force is applied to the transported object, relative movement between the transported object and the sliding skateboard can be caused, and relative movement between the sliding skateboard and the road surface at the unloading position can be prevented, so that the transported object can leave the sliding skateboard. Moreover, to leave a certain margin to still achieve the above movement when there is a certain error in the calculation of the friction coefficient, can be set, is a preset coefficient less than 1. For example, .

[0044] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in formulas (4) and (5), the value ranges of the included angle of the inclined groove on the sliding skateboard and the particle size of the coarse sand are respectively limited. Moreover, the particle size of the coarse sand is a set of discrete numbers, and the particle sizes in this set are the particle sizes of various coarse sands during testing.

[0045] In this way, the friction coefficient of the upper contact surface of the sliding skateboard can be determined through the friction coefficient function, and then the critical frictional force of the relative movement between the sliding skateboard and the transported object can be determined. Also, the critical frictional force of the relative movement between the sliding skateboard and the sliding road surface and the unloading position can be determined, and then the value range of the critical frictional force of the relative movement between the sliding skateboard and the transported object can be determined. When moving the transported object, relative movement between the transported object and the sliding skateboard can be prevented, and relative movement between the sliding skateboard and the sliding road surface can be allowed. When unloading the transported object, relative movement between the transported object and the sliding skateboard can be allowed, and relative movement between the sliding skateboard and the road surface at the unloading position can be prevented. Moreover, to enable the transportation process to be completed even when there are certain errors in the calculation of the friction coefficient, a preset coefficient is set, so that the transportation process can be successfully completed.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the objective function of the parameter optimization model is determined according to the friction coefficient function, including: determining the objective function of the parameter optimization model according to formula (6), (6) wherein, is a minimization function.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present invention, When the included angle of the diagonal groove of the sliding skateboard is a specific included angle (i.e., the undetermined value of the optimized included angle), the length of the diagonal groove is such that the larger the specific included angle, the longer the length of the diagonal groove, the greater the processing difficulty, the higher the processing cost, and the lower the finished product rate (there is a risk of breaking the sliding skateboard, etc.). Therefore, when selecting the optimized included angle, the length of the diagonal groove is minimized to reduce the processing difficulty and improve the processing finished product rate.

[0048] In the example, during the process of moving the steel truss beam of a bridge, the transported object is the steel truss beam with a weight of 1492 tons, and the self-weight of the sliding skateboard is about 1 ton. The sliding process is that the skateboard contacts the steel plate on the bridge body. In the case of using a lubricant, the first preset friction coefficient is about 0.2. After reaching the unloading position, the lower surface of the sliding skateboard can be made to contact the concrete road surface, and the second preset friction coefficient is about 0.5. The optimal solution obtained by solving is 35.8°, the optimal solution of is 1.8 mm. Considering the processing accuracy, is made to be between 35° - 36°, is between 1.5 mm - 2.0 mm.

[0049] ​In this way, when determining the optimized angle, while enabling the transportation process to be successfully completed, the length of the diagonal groove can be minimized, so as to improve the processing yield, reduce the processing difficulty and cost, and reduce the loss during the transportation process.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present invention, after determining the objective function and the constraint conditions, under the constraints of the constraint conditions, the optimal solution that maximally realizes the objective described by the objective function can be solved, and the angle and particle size corresponding to the optimal solution are the optimized angle and the optimized particle size.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S106, the sliding skateboard can be processed according to the optimized angle and the optimized particle size, so that the angle between the running direction of the diagonal groove of the sliding skateboard and the transverse direction of the sliding skateboard is the optimized angle, and coarse sand with the optimized particle size is laid in the diagonal groove to successfully complete the transportation process.

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present invention, to further reduce the difficulty of the transportation process, the front end of the sliding skateboard in the sliding direction can be set to be ramp-shaped, so that the area of the upper contact surface of the sliding skateboard is larger than the area of the lower contact surface, and the transported object is fixed to the sliding skateboard through a connecting member. When the area of the lower surface of the transported object is smaller than the area of the upper contact surface of the sliding skateboard, a limiting structure is arranged around the upper contact surface of the sliding skateboard.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the front end of the sliding skateboard in the sliding direction is set to be ramp-shaped, it is easier to pass some obstacles. During the transportation process, the transported object can be fixed to the sliding skateboard through a connecting member (such as a bolt, etc.), and a limiting structure (such as a limiting block or a baffle) is arranged around the upper contact surface of the sliding skateboard, so that the transported object is less likely to fall. When reaching the unloading position, the connecting member and the limiting structure can be removed, and the transported object can leave the sliding skateboard smoothly.

[0054] The anti-slip performance optimization method of the sliding skate according to the embodiment of the present invention can detect the anti-slip performance of the test sliding skate obtained by various processing methods through heavy objects and traction equipment, so as to determine the friction coefficient function that can represent the relationship between the processing method and the anti-slip performance. Furthermore, based on the friction coefficient function, the optimized processing method can be determined in combination with the actual transportation requirements, so that the processing method can meet the actual transportation requirements, reduce the risk of the transported object slipping during transportation, and improve the transportation efficiency. When determining the friction coefficient function, the influence of the angle between the oblique groove and the transverse direction of the test sliding skate on the roughness of the upper contact surface of the test sliding skate can be comprehensively considered. Combining the total length of the oblique groove and the hindering effect on relative movement, the influence of the angle on the roughness can be comprehensively expressed, and the variation relationship between the coarse sand particle size and the friction coefficient can be accurately expressed, so as to accurately and objectively express the influence of the setting method of the test sliding skate on the frictional force and improve the accuracy of the friction coefficient function. When determining the constraint conditions, the friction coefficient of the upper contact surface of the sliding skate can be determined through the friction coefficient function, and then the critical frictional force of the relative movement between the sliding skate and the transported object can be determined. The critical frictional force of the relative movement between the sliding skate and the sliding road surface and the unloading position can be determined, and then the value range of the critical frictional force of the relative movement between the sliding skate and the transported object can be determined. When moving the transported object, relative movement between the transported object and the sliding skate can be prevented, and relative movement between the sliding skate and the sliding road surface can occur. When unloading the transported object, relative movement between the transported object and the sliding skate can occur, and relative movement between the sliding skate and the road surface at the unloading position can be prevented. Moreover, in order to still complete the transportation process when there is a certain error in the calculation of the friction coefficient, a preset coefficient is also set, so that the transportation process can be successfully completed. When determining the objective function, when determining the optimized angle, while enabling the transportation process to be successfully completed, the length of the oblique groove can be minimized to improve the processing yield, reduce the processing difficulty and processing cost, and reduce the loss during transportation.

[0055] Figure 3A block diagram of a system for optimizing the anti-slip performance of a sliding skateboard according to an embodiment of the present invention is exemplarily shown. The system includes: a groove module for providing a plurality of diagonal grooves on the upper contact surface of a plurality of test sliding skateboards; a coarse sand module for laying coarse sand of various particle sizes in the diagonal grooves of the plurality of test sliding skateboards, fixing the lower contact surface of the test sliding skateboards to the ground, and placing heavy objects on the test sliding skateboards; a critical traction force module for applying a continuously increasing traction force to the heavy objects along the longitudinal direction of the test sliding skateboards through a traction device until the moment when the heavy objects start to slide relative to the upper contact surface of the test sliding skateboards, and recording the critical traction force applied by the traction device; a friction coefficient function module for determining a friction coefficient function according to the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sand, the included angle between the direction of the diagonal grooves and the transverse direction of the test sliding skateboards, and the weight of the heavy objects; an optimization module for determining an optimized included angle between the direction of the diagonal grooves on the sliding skateboard for carrying the transported object and the transverse direction of the sliding skateboard, and an optimized particle size of the coarse sand laid in the diagonal grooves on the sliding skateboard according to the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, and a first preset friction coefficient of the sliding road surface and a second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position; a processing module for processing the sliding skateboard according to the optimized included angle and the optimized particle size.

[0056] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are only examples and do not limit the present invention. The object of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been demonstrated and explained in the embodiments. Without departing from the above principles, the embodiments of the present invention can have any deformation or modification.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the anti-skid performance of a sliding plate, characterized in that: include: A plurality of oblique grooves are provided on the upper contact surfaces of a plurality of test sliding slides; coarse sand of various particle sizes is laid in the oblique grooves of the plurality of test sliding slides, the lower contact surface of the test sliding slide is fixed to the ground, and a heavy object is placed on the test sliding slide; a continuously increasing traction force is applied to the heavy object along the longitudinal direction of the test sliding slide by a traction device until the moment when the heavy object starts to slide relative to the upper contact surface of the test sliding slide, and a critical traction force applied by the traction device is recorded; a friction coefficient function is determined according to the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sand, the angle between the direction of the oblique grooves and the transverse direction of the test sliding slide, and the weight of the heavy object; an optimized angle between the direction of the oblique grooves on the sliding slide for carrying the transported object and the transverse direction of the sliding slide, and an optimized particle size of the coarse sand laid in the oblique grooves on the sliding slide, are determined according to the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, the first preset friction coefficient of the sliding road surface, and the second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position; The sliding plate is processed according to the optimized angle and the optimized particle size.

2. The method for optimizing the anti-skid performance of a sliding plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the critical traction force, the particle size of coarse sand, the angle between the direction of the oblique groove and the lateral direction of the test sliding plate, and the weight of the heavy object, the friction coefficient function is determined, including: setting the coefficients to be fitted of the critical traction force, the particle size of coarse sand, the angle between the direction of the oblique groove and the lateral direction of the test sliding plate, and the weight of the heavy object, and obtaining the coefficient equation to be fitted of the friction coefficient function; according to the critical traction force, the particle size of coarse sand, the angle between the direction of the oblique groove and the lateral direction of the test sliding plate, and the weight of the heavy object corresponding to multiple test sliding plates, the coefficients to be fitted in the coefficient equation to be fitted are solved to obtain the solved values ​​of the coefficients to be fitted; according to the solved values ​​of the coefficients to be fitted and the coefficient equation to be fitted, the friction coefficient function is obtained.

3. The method for optimizing the anti-skid performance of a sliding plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: Set the coefficients to be fitted of the critical traction force, the particle size of the coarse sand, the angle between the direction of the oblique groove and the lateral direction of the test sliding plate, and the weight of the heavy object, and obtain the coefficient equation to be fitted of the friction coefficient function, including: according to the formula , obtain the coefficient equation to be fitted of the friction coefficient function, where, is the critical traction force corresponding to the i-th test sliding plate, is the angle between the direction of the oblique groove of the i-th test sliding plate and the lateral direction of the test sliding plate, L is the lateral length of the sliding plate, is the particle size of the coarse sand corresponding to the i-th test sliding plate, is the weight of the object, , , , and are the coefficients to be fitted.

4. The method for optimizing the anti-skid performance of a sliding plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: According to the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, the first preset friction coefficient of the slip road surface, and the second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position, the optimal angle between the direction of the oblique groove on the slip board for carrying the transported object and the lateral direction of the slip board, as well as the optimal particle size of the coarse sand laid in the oblique groove on the slip board, are determined, including: according to the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, the first preset friction coefficient of the slip road surface, the second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position, and the size data of the test slip board, the constraints of the parameter optimization model are determined; according to the size data of the test slip board, the objective function of the parameter optimization model is determined; according to the constraints and the objective function, the parameter optimization model is solved to obtain the optimized angle and the optimized particle size.

5. The method for optimizing the anti-skid performance of a sliding plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: According to the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, the first preset friction coefficient of the slippery road surface and the second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position, the constraint conditions of the parameter optimization model are determined, including: according to the formula , , , , determine the constraints of the parameter optimization model, where is the weight of the transported object, To optimize the unknown value of the angle, To optimize the particle size to be determined, is the weight of the sliding plate, is a first preset friction coefficient of the slippery road surface, is a preset coefficient greater than 1, is a second preset friction coefficient at the unloading position, is a preset coefficient less than 1, is the maximum value of the angles corresponding to multiple test sliding plates, is the minimum value of the angles corresponding to multiple test sliding plates, is the particle size of the coarse sand corresponding to the first test sliding plate, is the particle size of the coarse sand corresponding to the second test slide plate, is the particle size of the coarse sand corresponding to the nth test sliding plate, n is the number of test sliding plates, for The solution value of for The solution value of for The solution value of for The solution value of for The solution value of , i≤n, and i and n are both positive integers.

6. The method for optimizing the anti-skid performance of a sliding plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: According to the friction coefficient function, determining the objective function of the parameter optimization model includes: according to the formula , determine the objective function of the parameter optimization model, where is the minimization function.

7. The method for optimizing the anti-skid performance of a sliding plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjacent oblique grooves on the same test sliding slide are spaced at equal distances in the longitudinal direction of the test sliding slide, the directions of the oblique grooves on the same test sliding slide are at the same angle to the lateral direction of the test sliding slide, and the directions of the oblique grooves on different test sliding slides are at different angles to the lateral direction of the test sliding slide.

8. The method for optimizing the anti-skid performance of a sliding plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area of ​​the lower surface of the weight is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the upper contact surface of the test sliding plate, and the lower surface of the weight completely covers the upper contact surface of the test sliding plate.

9. The method for optimizing the anti-skid performance of a sliding plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the sliding direction of the sliding slide is set to a slope shape, so that the area of ​​the upper contact surface of the sliding slide is larger than the area of ​​the lower contact surface, and the transported object is fixed to the sliding slide through a connecting piece. When the lower surface area of ​​the transported object is smaller than the area of ​​the upper contact surface of the sliding slide, a limiting structure is set around the upper contact surface of the sliding slide.

10. A system for optimizing the anti-skid performance of a sliding plate, characterized in that: include: The groove module is used to set a plurality of oblique grooves on the upper contact surfaces of the plurality of test sliding slides; the coarse sand module is used to lay coarse sand of various particle sizes in the oblique grooves of the plurality of test sliding slides, fix the lower contact surface of the test sliding slide to the ground, and place a heavy object on the test sliding slide; the critical traction force module is used to apply a continuously increasing traction force to the heavy object along the longitudinal direction of the test sliding slide by a traction device until the moment when the heavy object starts to slide relative to the upper contact surface of the test sliding slide, and record the critical traction force applied by the traction device; the friction coefficient function module is used to calculate the critical traction force according to the critical traction force. The friction coefficient function is determined based on gravity, the particle size of coarse sand, the angle between the direction of the oblique groove and the lateral direction of the test sliding plate, and the weight of the heavy object; an optimization module is used to determine the optimal angle between the direction of the oblique groove on the sliding plate used to carry the transported object and the lateral direction of the sliding plate, as well as the optimal particle size of the coarse sand laid in the oblique groove on the sliding plate according to the friction coefficient function, the weight of the transported object, and the first preset friction coefficient of the sliding road surface and the second preset friction coefficient of the unloading position; a processing module is used to process the sliding plate according to the optimized angle and the optimized particle size.

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