Broadband filtering antenna integrating metasurface and AMC structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband filtering antenna fusing a metasurface and an AMC structure, specifically, an upper layer metal patch comprises a rectangular metal patch, two L-shaped metal patches and two T-shaped metal patches, and two rectangular gaps are etched in one side of the rectangular metal patch; the two L-shaped metal patches realize filtering performance, and the two T-shaped metal patches and the two rectangular gaps are used for adjusting impedance matching; the middle layer metal patch comprises a triangular metal patch and a trapezoidal metal patch, and the triangular metal patch is penetrated by the first metal through hole; the lower-layer metal patch is flatly laid on the lower-layer dielectric substrate and is etched with seventy-eight circular gaps, a large circular gap and a rectangular gap; the lowermost metal patch is composed of a microstrip line and an artificial magnetic conductor, and the artificial magnetic conductor is composed of eighty rectangular metal sheets and eighty metal through holes formed in the lower dielectric substrate, so that the antenna obtains wider impedance bandwidth. The filtering antenna has the advantages of being wide in frequency band and good in filtering characteristic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of filtering antennas, and in particular to a broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure. Background Art

[0002] In order to meet the increasing complexity and diversification requirements of modern wireless communication systems, it is particularly important to design antennas with wideband characteristics in the low frequency band and good filtering functions. Such antennas can effectively overcome the problem of narrow bandwidth faced by traditional filtering antennas in practical applications and significantly improve the overall performance of wireless communication systems. The integrated design method that integrates the functions of a filter and an antenna conducts an integrated design of the filter and the antenna without introducing a filter circuit structure, reduces the complexity and cost of the system, has good frequency selectivity and out-of-band rejection characteristics, and can effectively filter out interference signals.

[0003] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the complexity of the system and the demand for spectrum resources are increasing day by day. Especially in low-frequency band applications, traditional antennas face problems such as narrow bandwidth and complex structure, while wideband antennas with filtering characteristics can effectively improve these problems. In low-frequency band applications, using the design method of overlapping multiple metal sheets as an innovative antenna design method can improve the bandwidth of the antenna through a delicate stacked structure and achieve high-efficiency frequency selectivity at the same time. By utilizing the electromagnetic isolation and coupling effects of the stacked structure, interference signals can be effectively suppressed while ensuring the antenna gain, and the filtering performance can be optimized by adjusting the electromagnetic characteristics between layers. In addition, combining the filtering function with the antenna design not only improves the spectrum utilization efficiency but also makes the radiation characteristics of the antenna in different frequency bands more in line with the actual communication requirements. Therefore, the low-frequency band broadband filtering antenna designed with the overlapping structure of multiple metal patches can provide a more flexible and efficient solution for future communication systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure, which has a simple structure and is easy to implement. The antenna has a wide communication frequency band, good filtering performance, and stable gain.

[0005] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is: a broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure, including a topmost metal patch, a topmost dielectric substrate, an upper metal patch, an upper dielectric substrate, a middle metal patch, a middle three-layer dielectric substrate, a lower metal patch, a lower dielectric substrate, and a bottommost metal patch arranged from top to bottom. The dielectric substrate is rectangular, and the two long sides are defined as the upper side and the lower side respectively, and the two short sides are defined as the left side and the right side respectively:

[0006] The top - layer metal patch includes ten antenna elements, realizing the broadband characteristic of the antenna;

[0007] The top - layer dielectric substrate connects the top - layer metal patch and the upper - layer metal patch;

[0008] The upper - layer metal patch includes a rectangular metal patch, two L - shaped metal patches and two T - shaped metal patches, and two rectangular slits are etched on one side of the rectangular metal patch; the two L - shaped metal patches realize the filtering performance, and the two T - shaped metal patches and the two rectangular slits are used to adjust the impedance matching;

[0009] The upper - layer dielectric substrate connects the upper - layer metal patch and the middle - layer metal patch;

[0010] The middle - layer metal patch includes a triangular metal patch and a trapezoidal metal patch. The triangular metal patch is penetrated by a first metal via hole, and the first metal via hole penetrates the upper - layer dielectric substrate, the middle three - layer dielectric substrate and the lower - layer dielectric substrate;

[0011] The middle three - layer dielectric substrate connects the middle - layer metal patch and the lower - layer metal patch;

[0012] The lower - layer metal patch covers the upper surface of the entire lower - layer dielectric substrate, and seventy - eight circular slits of the same size, a large circular slit and a rectangular slit are etched;

[0013] The lower - layer dielectric substrate connects the lower - layer metal patch and the bottom - layer metal patch;

[0014] The bottom - layer metal patch is composed of a microstrip line and an artificial magnetic conductor. The artificial magnetic conductor is composed of eighty rectangular metal sheets of the same size and eighty metal via holes of the same size opened on the lower - layer dielectric substrate, enabling the antenna to obtain a wider impedance bandwidth.

[0015] Further, each antenna element in the top - layer metal patch is composed of a metal patch, and the ten antenna elements correspond to the first to tenth metal sheets in sequence; the first to tenth metal sheets are ten identical rectangular metal sheets. The first to fifth metal sheets are evenly spaced along the upper edge of the top - layer dielectric substrate, the sixth to tenth metal sheets are evenly spaced along the lower edge of the upper - layer dielectric substrate, and the first to fifth metal sheets and the sixth to tenth metal sheets are symmetrically arranged up and down with respect to the horizontal central axis.

[0016] Further, the upper - layer metal patch includes a rectangular metal patch, a first L - shaped metal patch, a second L - shaped metal patch, a first T - shaped metal patch and a second T - shaped metal patch;

[0017] The left side of the rectangular metal patch is etched with a first rectangular slot and a second rectangular slot; the first L-shaped metal patch, the first T-shaped metal patch, the first rectangular slot are symmetrically arranged with the second L-shaped metal patch, the second T-shaped metal patch, and the second rectangular slot about the horizontal central axis up and down.

[0018] Further, both the triangular metal patch and the trapezoidal metal patch of the intermediate layer metal patch are symmetric structures up and down, and the triangular metal patch near the center position is penetrated by a first metal through-hole.

[0019] Further, the lower layer metal patch is etched with seventy-eight first circular slots of the same size, and the seventy-eight first circular slots etched are of equal size and symmetrically distributed about the horizontal midline of the lower layer dielectric substrate up and down;

[0020] The first metal through-hole penetrates the lower layer metal patch to form a circular slot, and a second circular slot with a larger diameter is opened at the position of the orthographic projection of the first metal through-hole, and a third rectangular slot is etched on one side of the second circular slot to be connected to the second circular slot to form a key-shaped slot, and the key-shaped slot is symmetric about the horizontal midline of the lower layer dielectric substrate up and down.

[0021] Further, the lowermost layer metal patch includes a rectangular microstrip line and eighty rectangular metal sheets, and second metal through-holes with the same diameter are opened at the centers of the orthographic projection positions of each rectangular metal sheet on the lower layer dielectric substrate.

[0022] Further, energy is input through the feeding port, transmitted through the rectangular microstrip line, and coupled to the intermediate layer metal patch and the upper layer metal patch through the key-shaped slot and the first metal through-hole, and the lower layer metal patch is the ground of the antenna.

[0023] Further, the thickness of the uppermost layer dielectric substrate is 0.254 mm, the thickness of the upper layer dielectric substrate is 3 mm, the thickness of each of the intermediate three-layer dielectric substrates is 5 mm, the thickness of the lower layer dielectric substrate is 1 mm, and the overall height of the antenna is 19.254 mm.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the remarkable advantages of the present invention are: (1) The low-frequency filtering performance of the antenna is realized by introducing L-shaped metal patches on both sides of the rectangular metal patch; (2) The high-frequency filtering performance of the antenna is realized by using the method of stacking two layers of patches; (3) A wider impedance bandwidth is obtained by adopting the method of feeding through metal through-holes and circular slot vias; (4) Two columns of metasurface units are introduced on the uppermost layer by the method of laminating metal patches, so that the low-frequency resonance point of the antenna moves towards the low-frequency direction, expanding the bandwidth of the antenna; (5) An artificial magnetic conductor structure is formed by introducing metallized vias on the substrate and adding rectangular metal patches on the lowermost layer, so that the high-frequency resonance point of the antenna moves towards the high-frequency direction, further expanding the bandwidth of the antenna on the basis of ensuring the unchanged antenna gain. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1a It is a side view of a broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure.

[0026] Figure 1b It is a circuit diagram of the top metal patch of a broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure.

[0027] Figure 1c It is a top view of the top dielectric substrate of a broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure.

[0028] Figure 1d It is a circuit diagram of the upper metal patch of a broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure.

[0029] Figure 1e It is a top view of the upper dielectric substrate of a broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure.

[0030] Figure 1f It is a circuit diagram of the middle metal patch of a broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure.

[0031] Figure 1g It is a top view of the middle three-layer dielectric substrate of a broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure.

[0032] Figure 1h It is a circuit diagram of the lower metal patch of a broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure.

[0033] Figure 1i It is a top view of the lower dielectric substrate of a broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure.

[0034] Figure 1j It is a circuit diagram of the bottom metal patch of a broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure.

[0035] Figure 2 It is an S11 curve graph of the broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a gain curve graph of the broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 It is the E-plane radiation pattern of the broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure of the present invention at 1.66 GHz.

[0038] Figure 5The H-plane radiation pattern of the broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure at 1.66 GHz.

[0039] Figure 6 The E-plane radiation pattern of the broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure at 1.85 GHz.

[0040] Figure 7 The H-plane radiation pattern of the broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure at 1.85 GHz. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] A broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure according to the present invention has the characteristics of wide frequency band, stable gain and good filtering characteristics. To reduce the influence of the microstrip line on the antenna performance, it is used as the bottom metal patch to make the antenna performance more stable. The low-frequency filtering performance of the antenna is realized by introducing L-shaped metal patches on both sides of the rectangular metal patch; the high-frequency filtering performance of the antenna is realized by using the method of stacking two layers of patches; two columns of metasurface units are introduced on the top layer by the method of laminating metal patches to expand the bandwidth of the antenna; an artificial magnetic conductor structure is formed by introducing metallized vias on the substrate and adding a rectangular metal patch on the bottom layer, and the bandwidth of the antenna is further expanded while ensuring the antenna gain.

[0042] Combined with Figures 1a to 1j , a broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure according to the present invention includes a topmost metal patch 1, a topmost dielectric substrate 2, an upper metal patch 3, an upper dielectric substrate 4, an intermediate metal patch 5, an intermediate three-layer dielectric substrate 6, a lower metal patch 7, a lower dielectric substrate 8, and a bottommost metal patch 9 arranged from top to bottom. The dielectric substrate is rectangular, and two long sides are defined as the upper side and the lower side respectively, and two short sides are defined as the left side and the right side respectively:

[0043] The topmost metal patch 1 includes ten antenna units to realize the wide-bandwidth characteristic of the antenna;

[0044] The topmost dielectric substrate 2 connects the topmost metal patch 1 and the upper metal patch 3;

[0045] The upper metal patch 3 includes a rectangular metal patch, two L-shaped metal patches and two T-shaped metal patches, and two rectangular slots are etched on one side of the rectangular metal patch; the two L-shaped metal patches realize the filtering performance, and the two T-shaped metal patches and the two rectangular slots are used to adjust the impedance matching;

[0046] The upper dielectric substrate 4 connects the upper metal patch 3 and the intermediate metal patch 5;

[0047] The intermediate layer metal patch 5 includes a triangular metal patch 51 and a trapezoidal metal patch 52. The triangular metal patch 51 is penetrated by a first metal through-hole 41, and the first metal through-hole 41 penetrates the upper layer dielectric substrate 4, the intermediate three-layer dielectric substrate 6, and the lower layer dielectric substrate 8.

[0048] The intermediate three-layer dielectric substrate 6 connects the intermediate layer metal patch 5 and the lower layer metal patch 7.

[0049] The lower layer metal patch 7 covers the upper surface of the entire lower layer dielectric substrate 8, and etches seventy-eight circular slots of the same size, a large circular slot, and a rectangular slot.

[0050] The lower layer dielectric substrate 8 connects the lower layer metal patch 7 and the lowermost layer metal patch 9.

[0051] The lowermost layer metal patch 9 is composed of a microstrip line and an artificial magnetic conductor. The artificial magnetic conductor is composed of eighty rectangular metal sheets of the same size and eighty metal through-holes of the same size opened on the lower layer dielectric substrate 8, so that the antenna obtains a wider impedance bandwidth.

[0052] As a specific example, each antenna unit in the uppermost layer metal patch 1 is composed of a metal patch. Ten antenna units correspond to the first to tenth metal sheets 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 110 in sequence. The first to tenth metal sheets 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 110 are ten identical rectangular metal sheets. The first to fifth metal sheets 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 are evenly spaced along the upper edge of the uppermost layer dielectric substrate 2, and the sixth to tenth metal sheets 16, 17, 18, 19, 110 are evenly spaced along the lower edge of the upper layer dielectric substrate 2. The first to fifth metal sheets 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and the sixth to tenth metal sheets 16, 17, 18, 19, 110 are symmetrically arranged up and down with respect to the horizontal central axis.

[0053] As a specific example, the upper layer metal patch 3 includes a rectangular metal patch 31, a first L-shaped metal patch 321, a second L-shaped metal patch 322, a first T-shaped metal patch 341, and a second T-shaped metal patch 342.

[0054] A first rectangular slot 331 and a second rectangular slot 332 are etched on the left side of the rectangular metal patch 31. The first L-shaped metal patch 321, the first T-shaped metal patch 341, the first rectangular slot 331 and the second L-shaped metal patch 322, the second T-shaped metal patch 342, the second rectangular slot 332 are symmetrically arranged up and down with respect to the horizontal central axis.

[0055] As a specific example, both the triangular metal patch 51 and the trapezoidal metal patch 52 of the middle layer metal patch 5 are vertically symmetric structures, and the triangular metal patch 51 near the center position is penetrated by the first metal through-hole 41.

[0056] As a specific example, the lower layer metal patch 7 is etched with seventy-eight first circular slots 73 of the same size, and the seventy-eight first circular slots 73 etched are of equal size and symmetrically distributed above and below the horizontal center line of the lower layer dielectric substrate 8;

[0057] The first metal through-hole 41 penetrates the lower layer metal patch 7 to form a circular slot, and a second circular slot 71 with a larger diameter is opened at the position of the orthographic projection of the first metal through-hole 41. A third rectangular slot 72 is etched on one side of the second circular slot 71 and connected to the second circular slot 71 to form a key-shaped slot 74, and the key-shaped slot 74 is symmetrically distributed above and below the horizontal center line of the lower layer dielectric substrate 8.

[0058] As a specific example, the lowermost layer metal patch 9 includes a rectangular microstrip line 92 and eighty rectangular metal sheets 91, and second metal through-holes 81 with the same diameter are opened at the centers of the orthographic projection positions of each rectangular metal sheet 91 on the lower layer dielectric substrate 8.

[0059] As a specific example, energy is input through the feeding port 93, transmitted through the rectangular microstrip line 92, and coupled to the middle layer metal patch 5 and the upper layer metal patch 3 through the key-shaped slot 74 and the first metal through-hole 41. The lower layer metal patch 7 is the ground of the antenna.

[0060] As a specific example, the thickness of the uppermost layer dielectric substrate 2 is 0.254 mm, the thickness of the upper layer dielectric substrate 4 is 3 mm, the thickness of each of the middle three dielectric substrates 6 is 5 mm, and the thickness of the lower layer dielectric substrate 8 is 1 mm. The overall height of the antenna is 19.254 mm.

[0061] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0062] Embodiment

[0063] Combined with FIG. 1, the broadband filtering antenna of the present invention integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure includes an uppermost metal patch 1, an uppermost dielectric substrate 2, an upper metal patch 3, an upper dielectric substrate 4, an intermediate metal patch 5, an intermediate three-layer dielectric substrate 6, a lower metal patch 7, a lower dielectric substrate 8, and a lowermost metal patch 9. The uppermost metal patch is composed of ten identical first to tenth metal sheets 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 110. The metal sheets are divided into two columns, each column is closely attached to the edge of the uppermost dielectric substrate 2, and is symmetric about the midline of the uppermost dielectric substrate 2. The upper metal patch 3 is composed of a rectangular metal patch 31, two L-shaped metal patches 321, 322, and two T-shaped metal patches 341, 342. And two rectangular slits 331, 332 are etched on one side of the rectangular metal patch 31. The two L-shaped metal patches 321, 322, the two T-shaped metal patches 341, 342, and the etched first rectangular slit 331 and second rectangular slit 332 are all symmetric about the midline of the upper dielectric substrate 4. The intermediate metal patch 5 is composed of a triangular metal patch 51 and a trapezoidal metal patch 52. The adjacent sides of the triangular metal patch 51 and the trapezoidal metal patch 52 are of equal length and coincide. The triangular metal patch 51 and the trapezoidal metal patch 52 are both symmetric about the midline of the upper dielectric substrate 4. The triangular metal patch 51 is penetrated by a first metal via 41 near the center position. The first metal via 41 penetrates the upper dielectric substrate 4, the intermediate three-layer dielectric substrate 6, and the lower dielectric substrate 8. The lower metal patch 7 covers the upper surface of the entire lower dielectric substrate 8, and seventy-eight first circular slits 73 of the same size and a "key"-shaped slit 74 composed of a second circular slit 71 and a rectangular slit 72 are etched, which is equivalent to the ground of the antenna. The seventy-eight first circular slits 73 and the "key"-shaped slit 74 etched are all symmetric about the midline of the lower dielectric substrate 8. The lowermost metal patch 9 is composed of a rectangular microstrip line 92 and eighty metal patches 91. One end of the rectangular microstrip line 92 is connected to the feeding port 93, and the other end is connected to the first metal via 41. The eighty metal patches 91 are of the same size and are equidistant front and back and equidistant left and right, and are symmetric about the midline of the lower dielectric substrate 8.

[0064] The design process of the present invention is as follows:

[0065] (1) The thickness of the uppermost dielectric substrate 2 is 0.254 mm and the dielectric constant is 2.2. The thickness of the upper dielectric substrate 4 is 3 mm and the dielectric constant is 2.2. The total thickness of the intermediate three-layer dielectric substrate 6 is 15 mm and the dielectric constant is 2.2. The thickness of each layer of the dielectric substrate is 5 mm and the dielectric constant is 2.2. The thickness of the lower dielectric substrate 8 is 1 mm and the dielectric constant is 2.2.

[0066] (2) By introducing two columns of metasurface units of the top-layer metal patch through the method of metal sheet lamination, the low-frequency resonance point of the antenna is shifted towards the low-frequency direction, expanding the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0067] (3) The L-shaped metal patches 321 and 322 on both sides of the upper-layer metal patch 3 realize the low-frequency filtering performance of the antenna.

[0068] (4) By using the method of two-layer patch lamination, the upper-layer metal patch 3 and the middle-layer metal patch 5 are laminated to realize the high-frequency filtering performance of the antenna.

[0069] (5) By introducing the second metal vias 81 in the lower-layer dielectric substrate 8 and adding a rectangular metal patch 91 at the bottom layer to form an artificial magnetic conductor structure, the high-frequency resonance point of the antenna is shifted towards the high-frequency direction, further expanding the bandwidth of the antenna while ensuring the antenna gain.

[0070] Combined with Figures 1a to 1j , the broadband filtering antenna of the present invention integrating the metasurface and AMC structures, the material of the top-layer dielectric substrate 2 is Roger RT 5880, the dielectric constant = 2.2, the thickness is 0.254 mm, the size is 60 mm 97 mm 0.254 mm, the material of the upper-layer dielectric substrate 4 is F 4 BM, the dielectric constant = 2.2, the thickness is 3 mm, the size is 60 mm 97 mm 3 mm, the materials of the middle three-layer dielectric substrates 6 are all F 4 BM, the dielectric constant = 2.2, the thickness of each layer is 5 mm, the total thickness of the three layers is 15 mm, the size of the three layers is 60 mm 97 mm 15 mm, the material of the lower-layer dielectric substrate 8 is F 4 BM, the dielectric constant = 2.2, the thickness is 1 mm, the size is 60 mm 97 mm 1 mm; the diameters of the seventy-eight first circular slots 73 etched on the lower-layer metal patch 7 are 2 mm, the diameter of the second circular slot 71 of the "key"-shaped slot 74 etched is 6.4 mm, one side of the rectangular slot 72 coincides with the diameter of the second circular slot 71, the length of the rectangular slot 72 is 20 mm, and the width is 2 mm; the diameter of the first metal via 41 passing through the upper-layer dielectric substrate 4, the middle three-layer dielectric substrates 6 and the lower-layer dielectric substrate 8 is 3.22 mm, and the diameters of the eighty second metal vias 81 passing through the lower-layer dielectric substrate 8 are 2 mm.

[0071] Figure 2 is the S 11 curve graph of the broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure of the present invention. The operating frequency band of a broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure is 1.37 - 1.87 GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 0.5 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 30.9%. This antenna has a low operating frequency band and a relatively wide operating frequency band.

[0072] Figure 3 is the curve graph of the gain of the broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure of the present invention varying with frequency. Two radiation null points are generated at 1.27 GHz and 1.89 GHz respectively. The gain within the band is stable, the average gain is 6.3 dBi, and the maximum gain is 6.5 dBi.

[0073] Figure 4 and Figure 5 is the normalized radiation pattern of the E-plane and H-plane of the broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure of the present invention at 1.66 GHz. The radiation pattern of the broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure is stable, and the cross-polarization level is low.

[0074] Figure 6 and Figure 7 is the normalized radiation pattern of the E-plane and H-plane of the broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure of the present invention at 1.85 GHz. The radiation pattern of the broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure is stable, and the cross-polarization level is low.

[0075] In summary, the broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure of the present invention has a relatively wide relative bandwidth, a stable gain, a stable radiation pattern, a simple structure, and is easy to be processed and realized.

Claims

1. A broadband filtering antenna integrating a metasurface and an AMC structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises, arranged from top to bottom, a top metal patch (1), a top dielectric substrate (2), an upper metal patch (3), an upper dielectric substrate (4), a middle metal patch (5), a middle three-layer dielectric substrate (6), a lower metal patch (7), a lower dielectric substrate (8), and a bottom metal patch (9), wherein the dielectric substrate is a rectangle, and defines two long sides, namely, an upper side and a lower side, and two short sides, namely, a left side and a right side: The top metal patch (1) includes ten antenna units, realizing the wide bandwidth characteristic of the antenna; The uppermost dielectric substrate (2) is connected to the uppermost metal patch (1) and the upper metal patch (3); The upper metal patch (3) comprises a rectangular metal patch, two L-shaped metal patches and two T-shaped metal patches, and two rectangular slits are etched on one side of the rectangular metal patch; the two L-shaped metal patches realize filtering performance, and the two T-shaped metal patches and the two rectangular slits are used to adjust impedance matching; The upper dielectric substrate (4) is connected to the upper metal patch (3) and the middle metal patch (5); The intermediate metal patch (5) comprises a triangular metal patch (51) and a trapezoidal metal patch (52); the triangular metal patch (51) is penetrated by a first metal through hole (41); and the first metal through hole (41) penetrates the upper dielectric substrate (4), the middle three-layer dielectric substrate (6) and the lower dielectric substrate (8); The middle three-layer dielectric substrate (6) connects the middle metal patch (5) and the lower metal patch (7); The lower metal patch (7) is laid flat on the entire upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate (8), and seventy-eight circular gaps of the same size, one large circular gap and one rectangular gap are etched; The lower dielectric substrate (8) is connected to the lower metal patch (7) and the lowermost metal patch (9); The bottom metal patch (9) is composed of a microstrip line and an artificial magnetic conductor, and the artificial magnetic conductor is composed of eighty rectangular metal sheets of the same size and eighty metal through holes of the same size opened in the bottom dielectric substrate (8), so that the antenna obtains a wider impedance bandwidth.

2. The broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each antenna unit in the uppermost metal patch (1) is composed of a metal patch, and the ten antenna units correspond to the first to tenth metal patches (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 110) in sequence; the first to tenth metal patches (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 110) are ten identical rectangular metal patches, the first to fifth metal patches (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) are evenly spaced along the upper edge of the uppermost dielectric substrate (2), the sixth to tenth metal patches (16, 17, 18, 19, 110) are evenly spaced along the lower edge of the upper dielectric substrate (2), and the first to fifth metal patches (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) and the sixth to tenth metal patches (16, 17, 18, 19, 110) are symmetrically arranged up and down about a transverse central axis.

3. The broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper metal patch (3) comprises a rectangular metal patch (31), a first L-shaped metal patch (321), a second L-shaped metal patch (322), a first T-shaped metal patch (341) and a second T-shaped metal patch (342); A first rectangular slit (331) and a second rectangular slit (332) are etched on the left side of the rectangular metal patch (31); the first L-shaped metal patch (321), the first T-shaped metal patch (341), the first rectangular slit (331) and the second L-shaped metal patch (322), the second T-shaped metal patch (342), and the second rectangular slit (332) are symmetrically arranged up and down about the transverse central axis.

4. The broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The triangular metal patch (51) and the trapezoidal metal patch (52) of the intermediate layer metal patch (5) are both of vertically symmetrical structures, and the triangular metal patch (51) is penetrated by the first metal through hole (41) near the center.

5. The broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower metal patch (7) is etched with seventy-eight first circular slits (73) of the same size, and the etched seventy-eight first circular slits (73) are equal in size and symmetrically distributed up and down about the transverse midline of the lower dielectric substrate (8); The first metal through hole (41) penetrates the lower metal patch (7) to form a circular gap, and a second circular gap (71) with a larger diameter is opened at the positive projection position of the first metal through hole (41), and a third rectangular gap (72) is etched on one side of the second circular gap (71) to connect with the second circular gap (71), so as to form a key-shaped gap (74), wherein the key-shaped gap (74) is symmetrical up and down about the transverse midline of the lower dielectric substrate (8).

6. The broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom metal patch (9) comprises a rectangular microstrip line (92) and eighty rectangular metal sheets (91), and a second metal through hole (81) with the same diameter is provided at the center of the positive projection position of each rectangular metal sheet (91) on the bottom dielectric substrate (8).

7. The broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: Energy is input through a feeding port (93), transmitted through a rectangular microstrip line (92), coupled to a middle metal patch (5) and an upper metal patch (3) through a key-shaped gap (74) and a first metal through hole (41), and the lower metal patch (7) serves as the ground of the antenna.

8. The broadband filtering antenna integrating the metasurface and the AMC structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the top dielectric substrate (2) is 0.254 mm, the thickness of the upper dielectric substrate (4) is 3 mm, the thickness of each of the three intermediate dielectric substrates (6) is 5 mm, the thickness of the lower dielectric substrate (8) is 1 mm, and the overall height of the antenna is 19.254 mm.

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