Active protection control system and method of motor controller and electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an active protection control system and method of a motor controller and an electric vehicle. The active protection control system of the motor controller comprises a three-phase voltage detection module, a voltage conversion module, a driving chip, a control module, a high-voltage alternating current power taking module and a power module. The three-phase voltage detection module is used for detecting a real-time voltage value of a three-phase winding of the motor in real time; the control module is used for storing a voltage limit value generated by the motor at the three-phase winding when the motor is overspeed and outputting a voltage conversion module enable signal according to the real-time voltage value and the voltage limit value; the high-voltage alternating-current power taking module is used for supplying power to the voltage conversion module; and the voltage conversion module is used for receiving the voltage conversion enable signal, converting alternating current into working voltage required by the power module, and outputting the working voltage to a fault pin of the driving chip and a grid electrode of a driving tube of an upper bridge arm or a lower bridge arm in the power module, so that the motor controller enters an active short-circuit mode. Active short-circuit protection is realized, and overvoltage damage of the motor controller is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly to an active protection control system, method and electric vehicle for a motor controller. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of a motor, a phenomenon of "runaway" may occur, that is, the speed of the motor exceeds the normal operating range. When the motor runs away, an active short circuit (ASC) protection technology is required to prevent the power module from being broken down by overvoltage. Active short circuit protection is an important safety measure in the motor control system to protect the safety of the motor and the vehicle when the motor overspeed. However, in the prior art, it is usually necessary to rely on software condition judgment to determine whether to enter the short circuit protection state, and at the same time rely on software control to enter the short circuit protection state. The implementation means is relatively complex, and the protection ability for extreme cases is weak. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides an active protection control system, method and electric vehicle for a motor controller to ensure a quick response to the phenomenon of motor runaway or overspeed, avoid overvoltage damage to the motor controller, and even when the power supply and control of the motor controller are interrupted, ensure that the motor controller enters the short circuit protection state to avoid the system outputting too high a voltage, causing personal injury and secondary damage to the electric drive system.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an active protection control system for a motor controller. The active protection control system for the motor controller includes a three-phase voltage detection module, a voltage conversion module, a drive chip, a control module, a high-voltage AC power extraction module and a power module;

[0005] The control module is respectively connected to the three-phase voltage detection module and the voltage conversion module; the voltage conversion module is connected to the drive chip, the high-voltage AC power extraction module and the power module;

[0006] The three-phase voltage detection module is used to detect the real-time voltage values of the three-phase windings of the motor in real time;

[0007] The control module is used to store the voltage limit values generated by the motor at the three-phase windings when the motor overspeed, and output a voltage conversion module enable signal according to the real-time voltage values and the voltage limit values;

[0008] The high-voltage AC power extraction module is used to obtain at least one phase of alternating current in the three-phase alternating current and supply power to the voltage conversion module;

[0009] The voltage conversion module is used to receive the voltage conversion enable signal and start working, and convert the at least one-phase alternating current into the working voltage required by the power module, and output it to the fault pin of the drive chip and the gate of the drive tube of the upper bridge arm or the lower bridge arm in the power module, so that the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode.

[0010] Optionally, the three-phase voltage detection module includes a voltage conversion unit, and the voltage conversion unit is used to convert the real-time voltage value into the voltage value required by the control module.

[0011] Optionally, the active protection control system of the motor controller further includes a transformer module, a rectification module and a voltage stabilization module. The transformer module is respectively connected to the high-voltage AC power taking module and the rectification module. The rectifier module is connected to the voltage stabilization module, and the voltage stabilization module is connected to the voltage conversion module;

[0012] The transformer module is used to receive the at least one-phase alternating current and output a converted voltage after voltage conversion; the rectification module is used to receive the converted voltage and output a rectified voltage after rectification; the voltage stabilization module is used to receive the rectified voltage and output a stabilized voltage to the voltage conversion module after voltage stabilization.

[0013] Optionally, the voltage conversion module includes a DCDC converter, and the DCDC converter is used to receive the stabilized voltage and convert it into the working voltage required by the power module.

[0014] Optionally, based on the first formula, the real-time voltage values of the three-phase windings of the motor are detected in real time. The first formula is:

[0015] U = IR + Ldi / dt + Eemf;

[0016] Where, U is the real-time voltage value, I is the direct current of the three-phase windings, R is the direct current resistance of the three-phase windings, L is the inductance of the three-phase windings, di / dt is the current change rate with time, and Eemf is the back electromotive force of the motor.

[0017] Optionally, the back electromotive force Eemf of the motor satisfies the second formula, and the second formula is:

[0018] Eemf = Kω;

[0019] Where, K is the motor constant and ω is the motor speed.

[0020] Optionally, the three-phase voltage detection module includes a single-phase voltage sensor, a two-phase voltage sensor or a three-phase voltage sensor.

[0021] Optionally, the control module includes a single-chip microcomputer.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an active protection control method for a motor controller, which is characterized in that it is applied to the active protection control system of the motor controller described in any one of the first aspects. The active protection control method of the motor controller includes:

[0023] The control module acquires the real-time voltage values of the three-phase windings of the motor;

[0024] The control module acquires the voltage limit value generated by the motor at the three-phase windings when the motor is overspeed;

[0025] The control module determines whether the real-time voltage value is greater than or equal to the voltage limit value;

[0026] If so, an enabling signal for the voltage conversion module is output;

[0027] If not, the control module continues to execute the step of determining whether the real-time voltage value is greater than or equal to the voltage limit value;

[0028] The voltage conversion module acquires the enabling signal of the voltage conversion module and starts to work, and acquires at least one-phase alternating current output by the high-voltage AC power-taking module, converts the at least one-phase alternating current into the working voltage required by the power module, and outputs it to the fault pin of the drive chip and the gate of the drive tube of the upper bridge arm or the lower bridge arm in the power module, so that the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode.

[0029] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electric vehicle, which includes the active protection control system of the motor controller described in any one of the first aspects.

[0030] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention provides an active protection control system for a motor controller, which includes a three-phase voltage detection module, a voltage conversion module, a drive chip, a control module, a high-voltage AC power-taking module and a power module; the control module is respectively connected to the three-phase voltage detection module and the voltage conversion module; the voltage conversion module is connected to the drive chip, the high-voltage AC power-taking module and the power module; the three-phase voltage detection module is used to detect the real-time voltage values of the three-phase windings of the motor in real time; the control module is used to store the voltage limit value generated by the motor at the three-phase windings when the motor is overspeed, and output an enabling signal for the voltage conversion module according to the real-time voltage value and the voltage limit value; the high-voltage AC power-taking module is used to acquire at least one-phase alternating current in the three-phase alternating current and supply power to the voltage conversion module; the voltage conversion module is used to receive the voltage conversion enabling signal and start to work, and convert at least one-phase alternating current into the working voltage required by the power module, and output it to the fault pin of the drive chip and the gate of the drive tube of the upper bridge arm or the lower bridge arm in the power module, so that the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode. It realizes the active short-circuit protection for the motor in the runaway or overspeed state, and avoids the overvoltage damage of the motor controller.

[0031] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of an active protection control system for a motor controller provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of another active protection control system for a motor controller provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 FIG. is a flowchart of an active protection control method for a motor controller provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0038] Figure 1The figure is a schematic structural diagram of an active protection control system for a motor controller provided by an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the active protection control of a motor controller. The active protection control system of the motor controller can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software, and the active protection control system of the motor controller can be configured in an electric vehicle. As Figure 1 shown, the active protection control system of the motor controller includes a three-phase voltage detection module 101, a voltage conversion module 102, a drive chip 103, a control module 104, a high-voltage AC power acquisition module 105, and a power module 106; the control module 104 is respectively connected to the three-phase voltage detection module 101 and the voltage conversion module 102; the voltage conversion module 102 is connected to the drive chip 103, the high-voltage AC power acquisition module 105, and the power module 106; the three-phase voltage detection module 101 is used to detect the real-time voltage value of the three-phase windings of the motor in real time; the control module 104 is used to store the voltage limit value generated at the three-phase windings of the motor when the motor overspeed, and output a voltage conversion module 102 enable signal according to the real-time voltage value and the voltage limit value; the high-voltage AC power acquisition module 105 is used to acquire at least one phase of alternating current in the three-phase alternating current and supply power to the voltage conversion module 102; the voltage conversion module 102 is used to receive the voltage conversion enable signal and start working, and convert at least one phase of alternating current into the working voltage required by the power module 106, and output it to the fault pin of the drive chip 103 and the gate of the drive tube of the upper bridge arm or the lower bridge arm in the power module 106, so that the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode.

[0039] Among them, the active protection control system of the motor controller includes a three-phase voltage detection module 101, a voltage conversion module 102, a drive chip 103, a control module 104, a high-voltage AC power acquisition module 105, and a power module 106. The three-phase voltage detection module 101 can detect the voltage condition of the three-phase windings of the motor in real time during the operation of the motor, collect the real-time voltage value of the three-phase windings of the motor, and the three-phase voltage detection unit can use a resistor voltage division circuit or a transformer step-down method to convert the collected real-time voltage value and output it to the control module 104. Exemplarily, six drive chips 103 are provided in the active protection control system of the motor controller.

[0040] The voltage limit value generated at the three-phase windings when the motor overspeed is pre-stored in the control module 104. The voltage limit value can be obtained through calibration method by actually detecting on a test bench to calibrate the voltage value generated at the three-phase windings when the motor overspeed. At this time, the voltage value also includes the motor back electromotive force; or the voltage limit value can also be obtained through calculation method, calculating the voltage value generated at the three-phase windings when the motor overspeed according to information such as the number of pole pairs of the motor. At this time, the voltage value also includes the motor back electromotive force. The control module 104 is used to store and analyze the voltage limit value generated at the three-phase windings when the motor overspeed and the obtained real-time voltage value. When the real-time voltage value is greater than or equal to the voltage limit value, it is considered that the motor is in a runaway or overspeed state, and the enable signal of the voltage conversion module 102 is output correspondingly, so that the voltage conversion module 102 is started.

[0041] The high-voltage AC power acquisition module 105 can adopt the high-voltage power acquisition method to directly obtain electric energy from the high-voltage power supply part of the motor system. The high-voltage AC power acquisition module 105 can obtain single-phase alternating current, two-phase alternating current or three-phase alternating current. The acquisition method can be specifically selected according to actual design requirements. In the embodiment of the present invention, the high-voltage AC power acquisition module 105 obtaining two-phase alternating current is shown exemplarily. The high-voltage AC power acquisition module 105 also has a certain function of storing electric energy. The electric energy output from the high-voltage AC power acquisition module 105 will be converted by the voltage conversion module 102, and the converted voltage can supply power to the control module 104, thereby providing a stable working power supply for the control module 104. At the same time, the design of the high-voltage AC power acquisition module 105 can ensure the independent power supply of the control module 104, making it not affected by the main power fluctuation of the motor system, and ensuring stable operation even when the motor is in a runaway or overspeed state. The active protection control system of the motor controller also includes a high-voltage side protection circuit and a low-voltage side control circuit. Electrical isolation needs to be achieved between the high-voltage AC power acquisition module 105, the high-voltage side protection circuit and the low-voltage side control circuit to ensure that the low-voltage side control circuit is not affected in case of high-voltage abnormality and improve the overall safety of the system. The isolation can be achieved by using devices such as optocouplers, magnetic couplers or digital isolation chips to ensure the reliability of control signal transmission and the safety of personnel and equipment. The independent design of the high- and low-voltage side protection mechanisms enhances the fault isolation ability and overall safety of the system, ensuring that the motor and the power module 106 can be effectively protected from damage in case of abnormality.

[0042] After receiving the voltage conversion enable signal output by the control module 104, the voltage conversion module 102 starts to work, and converts at least one-phase alternating current received into the working voltage required by the power module 106. Exemplarily, the working voltage can be a low level. The voltage conversion module 102 also outputs a signal to the fault pin of the drive chip 103, causing some of the drive chips 103 to enter the fault mode, and the drive chip 103 outputs a low level. When the voltage conversion module 102 outputs a signal to the fault pin of the drive chip 103, at this time, the drive chip 103 is in a failed state such as power-off, and at this time, the drive chip 103 has no output action. Both the voltage conversion module 102 and the drive chip 103 are connected to the power module 106, and the conduction of the drive tube of the upper bridge arm in the power module 106 or the conduction of the drive tube of the lower bridge arm in the power module 106 can be controlled, so that the motor controller enters the active protection mode. Exemplarily, in this application, the conduction of the drive tube of the lower bridge arm in the power module 106 is used as an example for display. The gate of the drive tube of the lower bridge arm in the power module 106 receives a low voltage level, and the lower bridge arm is in a conducting state, so that the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode. After the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode, the motor stator winding and the lower bridge arm of the power module 106 form a closed-loop circuit, and the back electromotive force energy generated by the motor is released through the stator winding, so as to generate a braking torque at the motor output end, effectively suppressing the further increase of the motor speed, realizing the protection of the motor from flying or overspeed, and at the same time releasing the voltage across the power module 106 to realize the protection of the motor controller.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the active protection control system of the motor controller to include a three-phase voltage detection module, a voltage conversion module, a drive chip, a control module, a high-voltage AC power-taking module, and a power module, the rapid response and effective active short-circuit protection of the motor in a flying or overspeed state are realized, and the overvoltage damage of the motor controller is avoided.

[0044] Optionally, Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an active protection control system of a motor controller provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown, the three-phase voltage detection module 101 includes a voltage conversion unit 1011, and the voltage conversion unit 1011 is used to convert the real-time voltage value into the voltage value required by the control module 104.

[0045] Among them, a voltage conversion unit 1011 is further provided in the three-phase voltage detection module 101, which can convert the detected real-time voltage value so that the converted voltage can be received by the control module 104. Furthermore, the control module 104 can receive the real-time voltage value after conversion, and then analyze and process it according to the real-time voltage value and the voltage limit value. When the real-time voltage value is greater than the voltage limit value, a voltage conversion module 102 enable signal is correspondingly output to achieve fast response, so that the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode.

[0046] Optionally, referring to Figure 1 , the active protection control system of the motor controller further includes a transformer module 107, a rectification module 108 and a voltage stabilization module 109. The transformer module 107 is respectively connected to the high-voltage AC power-taking module 105 and the rectification module 108. The rectifier module is connected to the voltage stabilization module 109, and the voltage stabilization module 109 is connected to the voltage conversion module 102; the transformer module 107 is used to receive at least one-phase alternating current and output a converted voltage after voltage conversion; the rectification module 108 is used to receive the converted voltage and output a rectified voltage after rectification; the voltage stabilization module 109 is used to receive the rectified voltage and output a stabilized voltage to the voltage conversion module 102 after voltage stabilization.

[0047] Among them, since the at least one-phase alternating current obtained by the high-voltage AC power-taking unit cannot be directly received by the voltage conversion module 102, it is necessary to set a transformer module 107, a rectification module 108 and a voltage stabilization module 109 between the voltage conversion module 102 and the high-voltage AC power-taking unit. Exemplarily, two-phase alternating currents in the three-phase alternating currents obtained by the high-voltage AC power-taking unit will first pass through the transformer module 107 for conversion, and the converted voltage is output to the rectification module 108. The rectification module 108 rectifies the converted voltage to generate a rectified voltage and then outputs it to the voltage stabilization module 109. After the voltage stabilization module 109 stabilizes it, the stabilized voltage can reach the minimum startup voltage of the voltage conversion module 102. The voltage conversion module 102 will convert the stabilized voltage into the working voltage required by the power module 106, and then output it to the fault pin of the drive chip 103 and the gates of the drive transistors on the upper or lower bridge arms of the power module 106, so that the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode.

[0048] Optionally, the voltage conversion module 102 includes a DCDC converter, and the DCDC converter is used to receive the stabilized voltage and convert it into the working voltage required by the power module 106.

[0049] Among them, a DCDC converter is provided in the voltage conversion module 102. The DCDC converter can convert the received regulated voltage to the operating voltage required by the power module 106, ensuring that after the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode, it can stably maintain the active short-circuit mode for a period of time, guaranteeing the control effect on the motor. This holding time can be designed as the time when the junction temperature of the power module 106 overheats in the active short-circuit mode under normal cooling conditions. The DCDC converter includes a DCDC conversion circuit, and there are various mature circuit topologies for the DCDC conversion circuit, such as the BUCK buck circuit topology, the flyback circuit topology, etc., all of which can achieve the functions of the present invention.

[0050] Optionally, based on the first formula, the real-time voltage values of the three-phase windings of the motor are detected in real time. The first formula is:

[0051] U = IR + Ldi / dt + Eemf;

[0052] Among them, U is the real-time voltage value, I is the direct current of the three-phase windings, R is the direct current resistance of the three-phase windings, L is the inductance of the three-phase windings, di / dt is the rate of change of current with time, and Eemf is the back electromotive force of the motor.

[0053] Among them, the real-time voltage values of the three-phase windings of the motor detected by the three-phase voltage detection module 101 in real time include the back electromotive force of the motor during the operation of the motor. There is a corresponding relationship between the back electromotive force of the motor and the motor speed. According to the real-time voltage values collected in real time, the real-time speed condition of the motor can be reflected, and then it can be judged whether the motor is in a runaway or overspeed state.

[0054] Optionally, the back electromotive force Eemf of the motor satisfies the second formula. The second formula is:

[0055] Eemf = Kω;

[0056] Among them, K is the motor constant, and ω is the motor speed.

[0057] Among them, the motor constant is related to the number of pole pairs, magnetic flux, number of turns, etc. of the motor, and is also related to the control method of the motor controller. The back electromotive force of the motor can be collected by the analog-to-digital conversion unit of the control module 104. The limit value of the back electromotive force of the motor can be calibrated by the calibration method. According to the actual bench test, the back electromotive force of the motor when it is overspeed is calibrated; the limit value of the back electromotive force of the motor can also be calculated by the calculation method. According to information such as the number of pole pairs of the motor, the back electromotive force of the motor when it is overspeed is calculated. There is a certain corresponding relationship between the back electromotive force of the motor and the motor speed. The greater the motor speed, the greater the corresponding back electromotive force generated by the motor. Furthermore, it is possible to reflect the motor speed according to the back electromotive force of the motor, and then determine the operating state of the motor.

[0058] Optionally, the three-phase voltage detection module 101 includes a single-phase voltage sensor, a two-phase voltage sensor, or a three-phase voltage sensor.

[0059] Among them, the three-phase voltage detection module 101 may include a single-phase voltage sensor to obtain the real-time voltage value according to the single-phase voltage. The three-phase voltage detection module 101 may also include a two-phase voltage sensor to obtain the real-time voltage value according to any two-phase voltages, or the three-phase voltage detection module 101 may further include a three-phase voltage sensor to obtain the real-time voltage value according to the three-phase voltages. The specific selection of the three-phase voltage detection module 101 can be made according to the actual design requirements, and the embodiments of the present invention do not make specific limitations.

[0060] Optionally, the control module 104 includes a single-chip microcomputer.

[0061] Among them, the control module 104 can adopt a small single-chip microcomputer. Using the single-chip microcomputer as the processor of the active protection control system of the motor controller can reduce the hardware cost while meeting the functional requirements. Using the single-chip microcomputer to directly trigger the active circuit protection of the motor controller does not require the main control chip to be connected, which can ensure the response speed and can quickly connect when the motor is in a runaway or overspeed state, effectively preventing the excessive increase of the electrode speed and the overvoltage breakdown of the power module 106. It can also simplify the software condition judgment and control process, reduce the overall cost, and improve the cost performance and market competitiveness of the protection of the motor controller. The single-chip microcomputer should have sufficient processing power to process tasks such as the input real-time voltage value, the control of the voltage conversion module 102, and the execution of the motor controller entering the active short-circuit mode in real time, and at the same time have good anti-interference ability and working stability.

[0062] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides an active protection control method for a motor controller, which is applied to the active protection control system of the motor controller described in any one of the above embodiments. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of an active protection control method for a motor controller provided by the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, the active protection control method of the motor controller includes:

[0063] S101, the control module obtains the real-time voltage value of the three-phase windings of the motor.

[0064] Among them, the control module obtains the real-time voltage value of the three-phase windings of the motor output by the three-phase voltage detection module in real time.

[0065] S102, the control module obtains the voltage limit value generated by the motor at the three-phase windings when the motor is overspeed.

[0066] Among them, a voltage limit value generated in the three-phase winding when the motor is overspeed is stored in advance in the control module. The voltage limit value is the voltage limit value generated in the three-phase winding when the motor is overspeed, which is convenient for the subsequent control module to judge the operating state of the motor according to the real-time voltage value and the voltage limit value of the motor's three-phase winding.

[0067] S103, the control module judges whether the real-time voltage value is greater than or equal to the voltage limit value; if so, execute step S104; if not, execute step S103.

[0068] S104, output the enable signal of the voltage conversion module.

[0069] S105, the voltage conversion module obtains the enable signal of the voltage conversion module and starts to work, and obtains at least one-phase alternating current output by the high-voltage AC power-taking module, converts the at least one-phase alternating current into the working voltage required by the power module, and outputs it to the fault pin of the drive chip and the gate of the drive tube of the upper bridge arm or the lower bridge arm in the power module, so that the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode.

[0070] Among them, when the control module judges that the real-time voltage value of the motor's three-phase winding is greater than or equal to the voltage limit value, it is considered that the current motor is in a runaway or overspeed state. Then, the enable signal of the voltage conversion module is output and received by the voltage conversion module. The voltage conversion module starts to work, converts at least one-phase alternating current output by the high-voltage AC power-taking module to provide the required working voltage for the power module, and outputs it to the fault pin of the drive chip, so that the drive chip outputs a low level and outputs it to the gate of the drive tube of the upper bridge arm or the lower bridge arm in the power module, so that the upper bridge arm or the lower bridge arm conducts, so that the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode, avoiding further increase in the motor speed and realizing the protection of the motor controller.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present invention, the control module is used to obtain the real-time voltage value of the motor's three-phase winding; the control module obtains the voltage limit value generated in the three-phase winding of the motor when the motor is overspeed; the control module outputs the enable signal of the voltage conversion module according to the real-time voltage value and the voltage limit value. The voltage conversion module obtains the enable signal of the voltage conversion module and starts to work, and obtains at least one-phase alternating current output by the high-voltage AC power-taking module, converts the at least one-phase alternating current into the working voltage required by the power module, and outputs it to the fault pin of the drive chip and the gate of the drive tube of the lower bridge arm in the power module, so that the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode, so that the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode, realizing the active short-circuit protection of the motor in the runaway or overspeed state and avoiding overvoltage damage to the motor controller.

[0072] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electric vehicle, which includes the technical features of the active protection control system of the motor controller provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and can achieve the beneficial effects of the active protection control system of the motor controller provided in any embodiment of the present invention. For the same parts, reference may be made to the description of the active protection control system of the motor controller provided in the embodiments of the present invention above, and details will not be repeated here.

[0073] The above specific embodiments do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub - combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active protection control system for a motor controller, characterized in that: The active protection control system of the motor controller includes a three-phase voltage detection module, a voltage conversion module, a drive chip, a control module, a high-voltage AC power supply module and a power module; The control module is connected to the three-phase voltage detection module and the voltage conversion module respectively; the voltage conversion module is connected to the driving chip, the high-voltage AC power supply module and the power module; The three-phase voltage detection module is used to detect the real-time voltage value of the three-phase winding of the motor in real time; The control module is used to store the voltage limit value generated by the motor at the three-phase winding when the motor is overspeeding, and output a voltage conversion module enable signal according to the real-time voltage value and the voltage limit value; The high-voltage AC power acquisition module is used to obtain at least one phase of the three-phase AC power and supply power to the voltage conversion module; The voltage conversion module is used to receive the voltage conversion enable signal and start working, and convert the at least one phase of AC power into the working voltage required by the power module, and output it to the fault pin of the driver chip and the gate of the driver tube of the upper bridge arm or the lower bridge arm in the power module, so that the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode.

2. The active protection control system of the motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-phase voltage detection module includes a voltage conversion unit, and the voltage conversion unit is used to convert a real-time voltage value into a voltage value required by the control module.

3. The active protection control system of the motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active protection control system of the motor controller also includes a transformer module, a rectifier module and a voltage stabilizing module, wherein the transformer module is respectively connected to the high-voltage AC power taking module and the rectifier module, the rectifier module is connected to the voltage stabilizing module, and the voltage stabilizing module is connected to the voltage conversion module; The transformer module is used to receive the at least one phase of alternating current, and output the converted voltage after voltage conversion; the rectifier module is used to receive the converted voltage, and output the rectified voltage after rectification; the voltage regulator module is used to receive the rectified voltage, and output the regulated voltage to the voltage conversion module after voltage regulation.

4. The active protection control system of the motor controller according to claim 3, characterized in that: The voltage conversion module includes a DCDC converter, and the DCDC converter is used to receive the regulated voltage and convert it into the operating voltage required by the power module.

5. The active protection control system of the motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the first formula, the real-time voltage value of the three-phase winding of the motor is detected in real time. The first formula is: U=IR+Ldi / dt+Eemf; Among them, U is the real-time voltage value, I is the DC current of the three-phase winding, R is the DC resistance of the three-phase winding, L is the inductance of the three-phase winding, di / dt is the rate of change of current over time, and Eemf is the back electromotive force of the motor.

6. The active protection control system of the motor controller according to claim 5, characterized in that: The motor back electromotive force Eemf satisfies the second formula, which is: Eemf = Kω; Among them, K is the motor constant and ω is the motor speed.

7. The active protection control system of the motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-phase voltage detection module includes a single-phase voltage sensor, a two-phase voltage sensor or a three-phase voltage sensor.

8. The active protection control system of the motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module includes a single chip microcomputer.

9. An active protection control method for a motor controller, characterized in that: An active protection control system for a motor controller according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the active protection control method for the motor controller comprises: The control module obtains the real-time voltage value of the three-phase winding of the motor; The control module obtains the voltage limit value generated by the motor at the three-phase winding when the motor is overspeeding; The control module determines whether the real-time voltage value is greater than or equal to the voltage limit value; If yes, then the output voltage conversion module enables the signal; If not, continue to execute the step of the control module determining whether the real-time voltage value is greater than or equal to the voltage limit value; The voltage conversion module obtains the voltage conversion module enable signal and starts working, and obtains at least one phase of AC power output by the high-voltage AC power taking module, converts the at least one phase of AC power into the working voltage required by the power module, and outputs it to the fault pin of the driver chip and the gate of the driver tube of the lower bridge arm in the power module, so that the motor controller enters the active short-circuit mode.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: The electric vehicle comprises an active protection control system of a motor controller according to any one of claims 1-8.

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