Wild aralia elata in-situ rejuvenation propagation method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of under-forest economic crop population recovery, and particularly relates to a wild aralia elata in-situ rejuvenation and propagation method. In-situ rejuvenation and propagation of wild aralia mandshurica are realized through methods of performing root cutting treatment on wild aralia mandshurica seed trees, controlling seed tree selection, root cutting time, root cutting distance, root cutting depth, root cutting mode, optimal plant selection and the like. According to the method, the good root tiller capacity of the aralia elata is fully utilized, germination of root tiller seedlings is promoted in an artificial assistance mode, asexual rapid propagation of the wild aralia elata is achieved, and the population number of the wild aralia elata is effectively recovered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of wild population restoration of forest economic crops, and specifically relates to an in-situ rejuvenation and propagation method for wild Aralia dasyphylla. Background Art

[0002] Aralia elata, commonly known as prickly old bud, prickly dragon tooth, and Liaodong aralia, is a plant of the genus Aralia in the Araliaceae family. It is a shrub or small tree, a perennial woody plant. Its wild resources are mainly distributed in the three northeastern provinces of my country, and are also distributed in Japan, North Korea, and Russia.

[0003] Aralia aralia is an important plant with both medicinal and edible properties. Its young shoots are a kind of precious wild vegetable, containing protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, trace elements and other nutrients. Its leaves and roots can be used as medicine, containing aralia saponins, oleanolic acid and other ingredients, which have anti-inflammatory, sedative, diuretic, cardiotonic and immune effects. In recent years, with the deepening of people's understanding of the nutritional value and medicinal value of Aralia aralia, the amount of wild Aralia aralia harvested has also increased year by year with the increase in market demand.

[0004] As an important forest economic crop, Aralia arborescens is currently mainly propagated by seeds for its natural reproduction and production. However, since Aralia arborescens seeds have obvious dormancy characteristics, the germination rate of seeds that have not been de-dormantized is low, resulting in a low field propagation coefficient and difficulty in renewing seedlings. In addition, for a long time, due to the excessive and disorderly use of wild Aralia arborescens, there is a lack of scientific and effective cultivation measures, resulting in a sharp decline in the number of wild Aralia arborescens populations, showing a decline trend, and a decline in wild resource reserves. At the same time, the main part of Aralia arborescens that is picked and utilized is the terminal bud, which causes Aralia arborescens to be unable to form a trunk, thereby forming multiple generations of sprouting plants. After being stubbed for many consecutive years (more than 8 years), the tree body grows weak, the yield decreases, the plant gradually dies, and there is a problem of poor quality of the buds produced. Therefore, how to scientifically and effectively rejuvenate and expand has become the key to restricting the development of wild Aralia arborescens populations. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention is to solve the current problems of poor regeneration of wild Aralia dasyphylla seedlings, population decline, and tree decline after continuous pruning of multiple generations of sprouted plants, and proposes an in-situ rejuvenation and propagation method for wild Aralia dasyphylla. The method is a method of artificially assisting in promoting natural regeneration, promoting asexual reproduction of wild Aralia dasyphylla by root cutting, achieving growth rejuvenation of wild Aralia dasyphylla, and accelerating the recovery of the population of wild Aralia dasyphylla.

[0006] The invention provides an in-situ rejuvenation and propagation method for wild Aralia aralia, which realizes the in-situ rejuvenation and propagation of wild Aralia aralia by cutting roots of wild Aralia aralia mother trees, controlling mother tree selection, root cutting time, root cutting distance, root cutting depth, root cutting method, and selecting and determining the best plants.

[0007] The method comprises the following:

[0008] (1) Mother tree selection: During the growing season, select wild Aralia dasyphylla trees that are more than 8 years old, have a ground diameter of more than 5 cm, and are poorly growing or showing signs of growth decline as mother trees, preferably with a diameter of 5-6 cm.

[0009] (2) Root cutting time: Root cutting technology is used to rejuvenate the Aralia ovata after the soil thaws in spring and before the sap of the Aralia ovata begins to flow (sprout), or after the sap of the Aralia ovata stops flowing and before the soil freezes in autumn.

[0010] (3) Root cutting distance: The distance between the root cutting position and the mother tree is 4 to 6 times the ground diameter of the mother tree, that is: M = (4 to 6) × D, where: M is the distance between the root cutting position and the mother tree (cm), and D is the ground diameter of the mother tree (cm).

[0011] (4) Root cutting depth: Based on the actual ground diameter of the selected mother tree, the root cutting depth is determined to be 5 to 10 cm from the ground surface.

[0012] (5) Root cutting method: With the mother tree as the center and the root cutting distance as the radius, circular root cutting (100%) is performed.

[0013] (6) Select the best plants: After the root tillers that sprout the following year have taken root, remove the weakly growing ones and retain 2 to 4 root tillers that grow well. Remove the surrounding weeds to ensure their normal growth.

[0014] Specifically, in spring, after the soil thaws and before the Aralia dasyphylla sap flows (sprouts) (or in autumn, after the Aralia dasyphylla sap stops flowing and before the soil freezes), select wild Aralia dasyphylla with an age of more than 8 years, a ground diameter of more than 5 cm, and poor growth or declining growth as mother trees for root cutting. With the mother tree as the center and the cutting distance (M) as the radius of the circle (100%), use a sharp transplanting root cutting shovel to vertically cut 5 to 10 cm deep, cut off the Aralia dasyphylla root system at this position, and then tamp the soil at this position to facilitate root tillering. In the autumn of the same year, remove the weak root tiller seedlings, retain 2 to 4 root tiller seedlings with good growth, remove the surrounding weeds, and ensure their normal growth.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. The method of the present invention makes full use of the good root-suckling ability of Aralia dasyphylla, promotes the germination of root-sucking seedlings through artificial assistance, realizes the rapid reproduction of wild Aralia dasyphylla, and effectively restores the population of wild Aralia dasyphylla.

[0017] 2. The method of the present invention can effectively solve the problem of tree decline of multi-generation sprouted plants of Aralia dasyphylla, realize the renewal and rejuvenation of multi-generation sprouted plants of wild Aralia dasyphylla, maintain the genetic characteristics of wild Aralia dasyphylla, restore growth potential, and thus effectively improve the quantity and quality of wild Aralia dasyphylla.

[0018] 3. The method of the present invention not only realizes the rapid propagation of wild Aralia dasyphylla, but also focuses on the selection of superior plants and the elimination of inferior plants.

[0019] 4. The method of the present invention has the characteristics of low investment, simple operation, and little interference to the native habitat of wild Aralia dasyphylla. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the root cutting ratio test setup according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] This example takes the wild Aralia dasyphylla under the forest as an example.

[0022] 1. Select two types of Aralia dasyphylla as the mother trees to be rooted. Among them, four mother trees with a ground diameter range of 3 to 4 cm were selected (their ground diameters were 3.3 cm, 3.9 cm, 4.2 cm, and 4.8 cm, respectively), and four mother trees with a ground diameter range of 5 to 6 cm were selected (their ground diameters were 5.3 cm, 5.8 cm, 6.4 cm, and 6.8 cm, respectively); set four ranges for the root cutting distance, and set different distances according to the relationship with the ground diameter, among which (4 to 6) × D was set to 15 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm, 30 cm, 35 cm, 40 cm, 45 cm, 8 distances were set at 30cm, 35cm, 40cm, 45cm, 50cm, 55cm, 60cm, and 65cm within the range of (8-10)×D; 8 distances were set at 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, 80cm, 90cm, 100cm, 110cm, and 120cm within the range of (14-16)×D; 8 distances were set at 65cm, 75cm, 80cm, 90cm, 100cm, 110cm, 120cm, and 130cm within the range of (18-20)×D. The root cutting ratio was cut at 25%, and a completely random block arrangement was adopted. The selected wild Aralia dasyphylla mother tree to be cut was used as the center point, and the roots were cut with a root cutting shovel according to 25% of the circumference (the root cutting depth was 10cm). The number of root suckers of wild Aralia dasyphylla in different locations (cutting points and non-cutting points) within the same range in the spring of the second year after root cutting is shown in Table 1.

[0023] 2. In the next year, two types of Aralia dasyphylla from different batches were selected as mother trees for root cutting. Four mother trees with a ground diameter range of 3 to 4 cm were selected (their ground diameters were 3.3 cm, 3.9 cm, 4.2 cm, and 4.8 cm, respectively), and four mother trees with a ground diameter range of 5 to 6 cm were selected (their ground diameters were 5.3 cm, 5.8 cm, 6.4 cm, and 6.8 cm, respectively); four ranges of root cutting distance were set, and different distances were set according to the relationship with the ground diameter, among which (4 to 6) × D were set to 15 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm, 30 cm, 35 cm, 40 cm, and 45 cm. 5cm, 50cm, etc.; 8 distances of 30cm, 35cm, 40cm, 45cm, 50cm, 55cm, 60cm, 65cm, etc. were set within the range of (8-10)×D; 8 distances of 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, 80cm, 90cm, 100cm, 110cm, 120cm, etc. were set within the range of (14-16)×D; 8 distances of 65cm, 75cm, 80cm, 90cm, 100cm, 110cm, 120cm, 130cm, etc. were set within the range of (18-20)×D. Three root cutting ratios were set: 25% cutting, 50% cutting, and 100% cutting (circular shape), and completely randomized block arrangement was adopted to compare with the control (CK) without any treatment. The selected wild Aralia dasyphylla mother tree was used as the center point, and the roots were cut with a root cutting shovel according to the circumference (the cutting depth was 10 cm). Figure 1 The number of root suckers of wild Aralia dasyphylla at different locations surveyed in the spring of the second year after root cutting is shown in Table 2.

[0024] Table 1 Effect of root cutting position on the number of root suckers sprouting from different positions of wild Aralia dasyphylla with different ground diameters (plants / plant)

[0025]

[0026] Table 2 Effect of root cutting ratio on the number of root suckers sprouting from different positions of wild Aralia dasyphylla (plants / plant)

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] From the data listed in the above table, we can see that:

[0030] 1) The root cutting position had a significant effect on the number of root suckers of wild Aralia dasyphylla mother trees with different ground diameters, among which the best position was the one with a distance of M = (4-6) × D from the mother tree.

[0031] 2) Different ground diameters had a significant effect on the number of root suckers of wild Aralia dasyphylla mother trees, with the best reproduction effect being achieved when the ground diameter was significantly higher than 5 to 6 cm.

[0032] 3) Different root cutting ratios had a significant effect on the number of root suckers of wild Aralia dasyphylla mother trees with different ground diameters, among which the 100% cutting ratio had the best effect.

[0033] In summary, by adopting the relevant technical indicators described in the present invention, multiple root tiller seedlings can be propagated, and 2 to 4 root tiller seedlings with good growth can be retained to achieve in situ propagation.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The method provided by the present invention also provides a valuable reference for the in-situ rejuvenation and propagation method of wild Aralia dasyphylla in other forest types. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for in-situ rejuvenation and propagation of wild Aralia dasyphylla, Features: By cutting the roots of wild Aralia dasyphylla mother trees, controlling the selection of mother trees, the time of cutting, the distance of cutting, the depth of cutting, the method of cutting, and the method of selecting and fixing the best plants, the in situ rejuvenation and propagation of wild Aralia dasyphylla can be achieved.

2. The in-situ rejuvenation and propagation method of wild Aralia dasyphylla as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The wild Aralia ovata mother trees selected are those that are over 8 years old, have a ground diameter of over 5 cm, and are growing poorly or beginning to decline.

3. The in-situ rejuvenation and propagation method of wild Aralia dasyphylla as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The time for root cutting is: after the soil thaws in spring and before the sap of Aralia ovata flows (sprouts), or after the sap of Aralia ovata stops flowing and before the soil freezes in autumn.

4. The in-situ rejuvenation and propagation method of wild Aralia dasyphylla as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The root cutting distance is 4 to 6 times the ground diameter of the mother tree, that is: M = (4 to 6) × D, where: M is the distance between the root cutting position and the mother tree, and D is the ground diameter of the mother tree.

5. The in-situ rejuvenation and propagation method of wild Aralia dasyphylla as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The root cutting depth is 5 to 10 cm.

6. The in-situ rejuvenation and propagation method of wild Aralia dasyphylla as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The root cutting method is to perform circular root cutting (100%) with the mother tree as the center and the root cutting distance M as the radius.

7. The in-situ rejuvenation and propagation method of wild Aralia dasyphylla as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that After the root tillers that sprout the following year have taken root, remove the weakly growing root tillers and retain 2 to 4 root tillers that grow well. Clear the surrounding weeds to ensure their normal growth.

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