A fluidized bed spray granulator

Abstract

The application discloses a fluidized bed spray granulator, which comprises a tower body, a cyclone aeration assembly, a multi-shaft spray assembly and an exhaust filter box. The cyclone aeration assembly is arranged at the bottom of the tower body and internally provided with a gas guide seat and a cyclone disc, a plurality of tangential air passages and a conical exhaust hole are constructed, so that the input airflow forms a plurality of ascending cyclones for uniformly stirring the powder; the multi-shaft spray assembly comprises two independent driving motors which respectively drive the spray heads to realize deflection and reciprocating sliding spraying, so that the powder is dynamically atomized in a large range; the tower body top is provided with the exhaust filter box which is internally provided with a spiral cyclone sheet and a multi-stage filtering structure for reducing the kinetic energy of the cyclone gas, inhibiting the powder from escaping and purifying the exhaust gas. Through the synergistic effect of the cyclone dispersion, dynamic spraying and cyclone deceleration filtering structure, the application realizes efficient fluidization and uniform granulation of the powder, significantly improves the granulation quality and the powder recovery efficiency, and is suitable for fine chemical industry, medicine, food and other fields.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fluidized bed, in particular to a fluidized bed spray granulator. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for particle quality in fine chemical industry, pharmaceutical industry, biological material industry and other industries, the fluidized bed spray granulation technology is widely used because it can realize uniform mixing, balling and drying of powder. In traditional spray granulation equipment, a single central airflow is usually used to lift the powder from bottom to top, and a fixed-point nozzle is used for liquid atomization spraying. The powder material in the equipment is accumulated at the bottom of the tower body, and the vertical airflow provided by the lower air distribution chamber lifts the powder. The nozzle is installed at the upper center position of the tower body and sprays the atomized liquid against the center area. In some improved schemes, the nozzle is also tried to be deflected and sprayed by simple mechanical swinging.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned prior art has the following obvious defects:

[0004] Since the existing technology relies on central vertical airflow to lift the material, the airflow coverage is small and the disturbance is weak, it is difficult to fully break up the powder agglomeration phenomenon, which leads to insufficient combination of atomized droplets and powder, affecting the uniformity of particles and forming efficiency. Secondly, the fixed or single-axis swinging nozzle has limited spraying angle, and the spraying area is concentrated, which can easily cause liquid droplets to accumulate into clusters. Most of the existing nozzles are fixed or simply mechanically swung, and their spraying trajectories are limited, which cannot dynamically cover the entire powder fluidization area, resulting in concentrated liquid spraying in local areas, causing agglomeration or uneven particle structure.

[0005] The traditional exhaust method is mostly straight-through or single-layer filtering structure, which cannot effectively slow down and guide the high-speed rotational flow gas. Fine particles overflow with the gas, not only causing raw material loss, but also possibly causing dust pollution, which cannot meet the high-cleanliness working condition requirements.

[0006] Therefore, the existing problems are studied and improved, and a fluidized bed spray granulator is provided to solve the existing problems, and through the technology, the problems are solved and the practical value is improved. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application provides a fluidized bed spray granulator with novel structure and high efficiency, which is suitable for spray granulation process of powder materials, and aims to solve the problems of uneven spraying, material clustering and low recovery rate in existing granulation equipment.

[0008] A fluidized bed spray granulator, comprising: a tower body, a rotational flow aeration assembly, a multi-axis spray assembly and an exhaust filter box fixed to the inner side of the tower body, the top surface of the tower body is provided with a top cover, and the rotational flow aeration assembly is fixed to the bottom end of the tower body, and the exhaust filter box is used for filtering and discharging the gas in the tower body.

[0009] The cyclone aeration assembly comprises a gas distribution box, a gas distribution seat and a gas guide seat fixed to the inner side of the gas distribution box, the surface of the gas distribution box is provided with tangential air inlets, the gas guide seat comprises a fixing seat, a cyclone disc and exhaust holes fixed to the top end of the cyclone disc, the top end of the exhaust holes penetrates through the top surface of the gas distribution box and is located on the inner side of the gas distribution seat, the surface of the gas distribution seat is provided with a gas permeable grid, the gas distribution seat is detachably arranged on the top surface of the gas distribution box, the surface of the cyclone disc is provided with a plurality of cyclone holes connected with the exhaust holes one by one, and the surface of the exhaust holes is provided with a plurality of air channels tangentially communicated with the cyclone holes.

[0010] The multi-shaft spray assembly comprises a support frame, a driving seat, a shaft seat, a sliding sleeve and a spray head, the surface of the support frame is provided with an inspection plate for connecting with the surface of the tower body, the surface of the driving seat is provided with a first driving motor and a second driving motor, the output end of the second driving motor is fixedly connected with one end of the shaft seat, the spray head is rotatably installed on one end of the shaft seat, the surface of the sliding sleeve is movably connected with a linkage lug movably connected with one side of the spray head, the output end of the first driving motor is provided with a crank wheel, the surface of the sliding sleeve is provided with a sliding groove, and the surface of the crank wheel is provided with a sliding pin sleeved in the inner side of the sliding groove. The cyclone structure with spiral air channels is arranged to form a plurality of upward cyclones in the tower body, so as to promote the dispersion and floating of the powder. The spray head controlled by the multi-shaft can be deflected and slid in different directions to realize dynamic and uniform droplet spraying, improve the uniformity of particle formation and prevent material aggregation.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the exhaust filter box comprises a filter cylinder and a filter disc fixed to the inner side of the top cover, the top surface of the filter cylinder is connected with the bottom surface of the filter disc, the surface of the filter cylinder is provided with cyclone fins, and the surface of the support frame is provided with a filter screen.

[0012] The filter box design in the structure can effectively filter the residual powder in the exhaust gas. The cyclone fins form a counter-rotating airflow deceleration area, which helps the particles to settle and return to the tower body for regranulation, thereby improving the granulation efficiency and recovery rate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the air channels on the surface of the cyclone disc are all communicated with the inner cavity of the gas distribution box, the air channels are tangentially communicated with the cyclone holes, and the exhaust holes are conical for guiding the airflow column to be discharged. The tangentially communicated air channels and the conical exhaust holes enhance the rotational kinetic energy of the airflow, so that the gas forms a columnar strong cyclone to convey the powder upward, which is beneficial to the stable suspension and dispersion fluidization of the powder.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the gas permeable grid is used for guiding the columnar airflow to pass through the top end of the gas guide seat, the diameter of the mesh holes of the gas permeable grid is 0.5mm-1.0mm, so as to avoid the downward passage of the material through the gas permeable grid.

[0015] The grid disc mesh is arranged for precisely controlling the air flow permeability, ensuring the smooth rising of the cyclone gas and preventing the powder from sinking, and improving the consistency of the powder distribution height.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the tower body is a conical cylinder, the first driving motor and the second driving motor on the surface of the driving seat are used to drive the double-axis movement of the nozzle to perform the deflection movement of the gas distribution seat surface. The nozzle can realize complex movement under the control of the double motors, accurately control the spraying area, effectively cover the gas distribution seat area, and reduce the local lump problem caused by concentrated spraying of liquid droplets.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the branch pipe frame is provided with a flexible liquid pipe for connecting with the nozzle, and the driving seat is fixed to one end of the branch pipe frame.

[0018] Through the flexible liquid pipe connection design, it is ensured that the spraying process can still maintain stable liquid supply when deflected greatly, avoiding the problems of flow interruption and liquid droplet deviation.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the crank wheel and the sliding pin at the output end of the first driving motor are used to drive the sliding sleeve to reciprocate on the shaft seat surface, and the two ends of the connecting ear are respectively rotationally connected to the sliding sleeve and the surface of the nozzle. The crank wheel cooperates with the sliding pin mechanism to make the nozzle produce axial reciprocating motion while deflection, significantly improve the spray coverage, and ensure uniformity in the granulation process.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the cyclone sheet is in the shape of a spiral strip, and a plurality of cyclone sheets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the filter cylinder and abut against the inner side of the tower body. The spiral cyclone sheet design forms a counter-rotating air field, which can slow down the air flow speed and promote the settlement of fine particles, thereby improving the recovery rate of the powder and reducing the emission pollution.

[0021] The beneficial effects obtained by the present application are:

[0022] 1. In the present application, the gas guide seat and the exhaust hole structure in the cyclone aeration assembly are designed to form a plurality of rotating air flows rising in a tangential direction, which significantly improves the dispersion efficiency of the powder material in the tower body. The multi-cyclone gas distribution method can effectively disperse the accumulated powder to form a uniform and controllable suspended state, which not only improves the contact probability of the material and the liquid droplets, but also creates an ideal particle distribution environment for subsequent atomization spraying, avoiding the problem of poor particle formation caused by uneven material.

[0023] 2. In the present application, the double driving motors cooperate with the sliding sleeve and the connecting structure to realize the multi-axis deflection and reciprocating movement of the nozzle, complete the large-range and dynamic uniform liquid spraying process. The spraying angle and rhythm can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs, which improves the atomization uniformity, effectively prevents the local agglomeration or wet sticking phenomenon caused by the concentrated spraying of the nozzle in the fixed area, thereby obtaining particles with uniform particle size and full shape, improving the granulation quality and efficiency.

[0024] 3. In the present application, an exhaust filter box is arranged at the top of the tower body, and a cyclone vane and a multi-stage filtering device are arranged in the exhaust filter box, so that the kinetic energy of the airflow can be effectively reduced, the powder overflow can be controlled, and the gas purification and dust recovery can be realized. The cyclone vane generates a counter-rotating disturbance area, so that the upward airflow speed is slowed down and the direction is deflected, which is beneficial to the settlement and backflow of the unformed particles and reduces the loss of raw materials. The filter screen and the filter disc further filter fine particles, improve the environmental protection performance, and meet the requirements of high cleanliness industry on emission control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a tower body of an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exhaust filter box of an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a cyclone aeration assembly of an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas guide seat of an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom surface of a gas guide seat of an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-shaft spray assembly of an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the surface structure of a driving seat of an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Reference signs:

[0034] 100, tower body; 110, top cover; 111, exhaust port;

[0035] 200, cyclone aeration assembly; 210, air distribution box; 220, air distribution seat; 230, gas guide seat; 211, air inlet; 221, air-permeable grid disc; 231, fixed seat; 232, cyclone disc; 233, exhaust hole;

[0036] 300, multi-shaft spray assembly; 310, branch pipe support; 320, driving seat; 330, shaft seat; 340, sliding sleeve assembly; 350, spray head; 311, maintenance plate; 321, first driving motor; 322, second driving motor; 341, sliding groove; 342, linkage lug;

[0037] 400, exhaust filter box; 410, filter cartridge; 420, filter disc; 411, filter screen; 412, cyclone vane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be explained that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0039] It is to be understood that the above description is only exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0040] The accompanying drawings are referred to in the description of the present application. Figures 1-8 Some embodiments of the present application provide a fluidized bed spray granulator. Embodiment one:

[0041] As shown in the drawings, the fluidized bed spray granulator comprises a tower body 100, a cyclone aeration assembly 200, a multi-shaft spraying assembly 300 and an exhaust filter box 400, which are structurally coordinated and run efficiently. Figures 1-8 Tower body structure: The tower body 100 is a conical cylinder, and a top cover 110 is arranged at the top of the tower body. An exhaust port 111 is formed in the top cover. The internal space of the tower body is used for powder fluidization and spray granulation.

[0042] Cyclone aeration assembly 200: The cyclone aeration assembly 200 is fixed at the bottom of the tower body and comprises a gas distribution box 210, a gas distribution seat 220 and a gas guide seat 230. A plurality of tangential gas inlets 211 are formed on the outer surface of the gas distribution box 210. The gas guide seat 230 is fixed in the gas distribution box and is provided with a fixing seat 231, a cyclone disc 232 and exhaust holes 233. The surface of the cyclone disc 232 is provided with cyclone holes corresponding to the exhaust holes 233. Each cyclone hole is in communication with a tangential gas channel to form stable cyclone. The exhaust holes 233 penetrate through the gas distribution box and are located inside the gas distribution seat 220 to guide the rotating gas flow. The surface of the gas distribution seat 220 is provided with a gas permeable grid disc 221, which is detachably arranged at the top of the gas distribution box. The mesh diameter of the grid disc is a specific size (such as 0.8 mm), which is used to support the powder material and prevent it from descending and penetrating, but allows the gas flow to rise.

[0043]

[0044] ​Multi-axis spray assembly 300: installed on the upper part of the tower body, including support frame 310, drive seat 320, shaft seat 330, sliding sleeve assembly 340 and spray head 350: the surface of support frame 310 is provided with maintenance plate 311 for easy maintenance; drive seat 320 is provided with first drive motor 321 and second drive motor 322 for controlling the deflection movement of shaft seat 330 and the reciprocating sliding of sliding sleeve assembly 340; spray head 350 is installed at the front end of shaft seat 330, and sliding sleeve assembly 340 is connected with crank wheel through sliding groove 341 and sliding pin to realize reciprocating movement; connecting ear 342 connects sliding sleeve assembly with spray head to realize synchronous deflection and sliding, and the spray angle is dynamically adjustable.

[0045] Exhaust filter box 400: fixed on the inner top end of the tower body, including filter cartridge 410 and filter disc 420 connected to the upper end thereof. Filter cartridge 410 is provided with spiral flow vanes 412 arranged in a spiral, the outer periphery of which abuts against the inner wall of the tower body to guide the spiral deceleration of the ascending airflow and promote the settlement of the powder-carrying gas to participate in the regranulation; the surface of the filter cartridge is provided with filter screen 411 for blocking fine powder from escaping; the gas filtered through the filter cartridge and filter disc is discharged through exhaust port 111.

[0046] Brief working process: gas enters gas distribution box 210 through gas inlet 211, forms multiple spiral flows through the tangential air duct inside the gas guide seat, passes through the gas distribution seat upwards and blows the powder; at the same time, liquid is sprayed on the surface of the powder by the driven spray head, the powder and liquid droplets are mixed to form particles, and the unformed particles fall back during the upward process due to the blocking of the spiral flow vanes, realizing particle size screening and cyclic granulation. Example two:

[0047] In order to adapt to the granulation needs of higher precision or various powder characteristics, the spiral flow aeration structure and spray control mode are optimized in this embodiment.

[0048] Optimization of gas guide seat structure: the end of exhaust hole 233 is designed in a conical shape to enhance the columnar guiding effect; the number and arrangement of cyclone holes can be adjusted, combined with PLC programmed control of gas flow and angle to realize dynamic controllability of cyclone speed; the material of gas guide seat 230 is selected from corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant alloy materials, which is suitable for granulation scenes of corrosive or high-temperature powders.

[0049] Multi-axis spray assembly enhancement: flexible connecting pipe is arranged at the connection between spray head 350 and liquid pipe to adapt to various viscosity liquids; drive seat 320 is provided with liquid pipe channel for closed liquid supply; different working tempos can be set through control program to realize intermittent spraying and variable frequency movement, improving the consistency of granulation particle size.

[0050] Variable structure of exhaust system: filter screen 411 is a replaceable module structure, different filtration precision is selected according to the particle size recovery needs after granulation; the angle of spiral flow vane 412 in filter cartridge 410 can be finely adjusted for fine control of the strength of backflow rotation direction, adapting to different powder density and particle size.

[0051] The working principle and use process of the present application are as follows:

[0052] The fluidized bed spray granulator provided by the present application is designed based on the synergistic principle of "cyclone granulation + multi-axis spraying", fully utilizes the dispersion and driving effect of cyclone gas flow on powder materials and the dynamic spraying effect of multi-axis nozzles, and realizes the uniformity and controllability of particle formation.

[0053] Cyclone granulation principle: the air pump or external air source is connected to the air inlet 211 of the air distribution box 210; the airflow enters the cyclone hole along the tangential air duct arranged on the inner surface of the air guide seat 230, forming a rotating airflow; the cyclone gas is further constricted in the conical exhaust hole 233 and forms an upward rotating airflow; the upward airflow passes out from the air grille disc 221, enters the middle part of the tower body, and contacts the powder material and promotes it to be suspended, jump and dispersed; multiple cyclones form non-interfering upward paths from multiple exhaust holes, improving the flowability and uniformity of the powder.

[0054] Spray granulation principle: the spray liquid is sent into the spray assembly through the pipeline, and is driven by the first driving motor 321 and the second driving motor 322 controlled by the driving seat 320: one shaft controls the swing angle of the shaft seat 330; the other shaft controls the reciprocating sliding of the sliding sleeve assembly 340 in the sliding groove 341; the nozzle 350 is rotated to spray the material distribution area in the middle part of the tower body, realizing fine mist coverage in different directions and multiple angles; the front end of the nozzle is provided with a linkage ear 342 to ensure smooth synchronous movement during spraying; the sprayed droplets and the jumping powder are fully mixed and bonded in space, gradually forming balls and particles.

[0055] Air flow control and powder sedimentation mechanism: the upward cyclone gas contacts the exhaust filter box 400 at the top of the tower body; after the filtering action of the filter cylinder 410 and the filter disc 420, the fine dust is separated and discharged from the exhaust port 111; the cyclone sheet 412 arranged outside the filter cylinder has a reverse rotation direction, which guides the main airflow to slow down and rotate, promotes the airflow carrying unformed particles to flow back, enhances the granulation efficiency, and reduces the powder loss.

[0056] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "a specific embodiment" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0057] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made thereto without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed spray granulator, characterized in that, include: The tower body (100), the swirl aeration assembly (200), the multi-axis spray assembly (300), and the exhaust filter box (400) fixed inside the tower body (100) are provided with a top cover (110) on the top surface of the tower body (100), and the swirl aeration assembly (200) is fixed to the bottom end of the tower body (100). The exhaust filter box (400) is used to filter and discharge the gas inside the tower body (100). The swirl aeration assembly (200) includes an air distribution box (210), an air distribution seat (220), and an air guide seat (230) fixed inside the air distribution box (210). The surface of the air distribution box (210) is provided with a tangentially arranged air inlet (211). The air guide seat (230) includes a fixing seat (231), an air swirl plate (232), and an exhaust hole (233) fixed to the top of the air swirl plate (232). The top of the exhaust hole (233) extends through... The air distribution plate (220) extends through the top surface of the air distribution box (210) and is located inside the air distribution seat (220). The surface of the air distribution seat (220) is provided with a breathable grid plate (221). The air distribution seat (220) is detachably arranged on the top surface of the air distribution box (210). The surface of the air cyclone plate (232) is provided with a plurality of air cyclone holes that correspond one-to-one with each of the exhaust holes (233). The surface of the exhaust hole (233) is provided with a plurality of air passages that are tangentially connected to each of the air cyclone holes. The multi-axis spray assembly (300) includes a support frame (310), a drive base (320), a shaft seat (330), a sliding assembly (340), and a nozzle (350). The surface of the support frame (310) is provided with a maintenance plate (311) for connection with the surface of the tower body (100). The surface of the drive base (320) is provided with a first drive motor (321) and a second drive motor (322). The output end of the second drive motor (322) is fixedly connected to one end of the shaft seat (330). The nozzle (350) is rotatably mounted on one end of the shaft seat (330). The surface of the sliding assembly (340) is movably connected with a connecting lug (342) that is movably connected to one side of the nozzle (350). The output end of the first drive motor (321) is provided with a crank wheel. The surface of the sliding assembly (340) is provided with a sliding groove (341). The surface of the crank wheel is provided with a sliding pin that fits into the inner side of the sliding groove (341).

2. The fluidized bed spray granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust filter box (400) includes a filter cylinder (410) and a filter disc (420) fixed inside the top cover (110). The top surface of the filter cylinder (410) is connected to the bottom surface of the filter disc (420). The surface of the filter cylinder (410) is provided with a swirl vane (412), and the surface of the branch pipe frame (310) is provided with a filter screen (411).

3. The fluidized bed spray granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air channels on the surface of the cyclone disk (232) are all connected to the inner cavity of the air distribution box (210), and the air channels are tangentially connected to the cyclone hole. The exhaust hole (233) is conical in shape for the columnar discharge of airflow.

4. The fluidized bed spray granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permeable grid (221) is used for the columnar airflow at the top of the air guide seat (230). The mesh diameter of the permeable grid (221) is 0.5mm-1.0mm to prevent the material from flowing downward through the permeable grid (221).

5. The fluidized bed spray granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tower body (100) is a conical cylinder. The first drive motor (321) and the second drive motor (322) on the surface of the drive seat (320) are used to drive the nozzle (350) to move in a dual-axis manner and spray it towards the surface of the air distribution seat (220).

6. The fluidized bed spray granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the support frame (310) is provided with a flexible liquid tube for connecting to the nozzle (350), and the drive seat (320) is fixed to one end of the support frame (310).

7. The fluidized bed spray granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crank wheel and sliding pin at the output end of the first drive motor (321) are used to drive the sliding assembly (340) to slide back and forth on the surface of the bearing (330), and the two ends of the connecting ear (342) are rotatably connected to the surfaces of the sliding assembly (340) and the nozzle (350) respectively.

8. The fluidized bed spray granulator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The swirl vanes (412) are spiral strips, and a number of the swirl vanes (412) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the filter cylinder (410), and the outer periphery of the swirl vanes (412) abuts against the inner side of the tower body (100).

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