High-temperature anti-explosion clustered cyclone dust collector and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature anti-explosion clustered cyclone dust collector and a system, which are mainly suitable for dust removal and purification of high-temperature furnace gas and explosive furnace gas after a waste heat boiler is additionally arranged on a submerged arc furnace such as a calcium carbide furnace, and are preposed equipment of a heat pipe waste heat boiler and a tube nest waste heat boiler in waste heat utilization engineering of hazardous waste furnace gas of the submerged arc furnace such as the calcium carbide furnace. The device is characterized in that the device is of a cluster type structure, functions of all units are combined to enhance the overall energy efficiency, and dust particles in furnace gas are separated through centrifugal force generated by downward rotation airflow and upward rotation airflow formed by the Archimedes spiral and then fall into a dust collection tank. Collected dust is pneumatically conveyed to an ash silo under the control of a PCL, and high-temperature purified gas is discharged from a gas outlet box and enters a waste heat boiler through a horizontal heat insulation flue. After the system is used, secondary pollution formed by an existing system is eliminated, the smoke dust concentration is reduced from the source, safe operation of the waste heat boiler is ensured, the furnace gas heat value is polymerized, the steam yield is increased, and meanwhile the construction investment and the operation cost of the system are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dust removal equipment and discloses a high-temperature explosion-proof clustered cyclone remover and a system. Background Art

[0002] The "Conditions for Access to the Calcium Carbide Industry" revised by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in 2014 stipulates that calcium carbide furnace gas must be 100% recycled and comprehensively utilized, and it is encouraged to be used to produce high value-added chemical products; when the technology is mature, new construction and expansion of calcium carbide production equipment must recycle sensible heat and waste heat.

[0003] In recent years, some ore-fired furnaces, mainly calcium carbide furnaces, have recovered waste heat from the high-temperature furnace gas discharged, and some tube-type waste heat boilers and heat pipe waste heat boilers have appeared. Although these waste heat boilers have been put into operation, the results are quite limited, the boilers are seriously blocked, and the boiler output is very different from the design. For example, a heat pipe waste heat boiler needs to be dismantled and transported back to the original factory for cleaning every year due to blockage, and a tube-type waste heat boiler was installed but the owner refused to debug the boiler because dust reduction was not carried out in front of the furnace.

[0004] Before the waste heat of the calcium carbide furnace is utilized, the discharged furnace gas is cooled by a water-cooled flue, and then enters four large vertical tubes arranged in series through a herringbone flue for gravity sedimentation, and finally enters a bag filter to be discharged to the downstream device. The industry knows that the water-cooled flue can only reduce the temperature, consumes a lot of energy, and a large amount of water mist forms secondary pollution; while the efficiency of gravity dust removal is low.

[0005] After the waste heat of the calcium carbide furnace is utilized, the discharged gas is cooled by a water-cooled flue and directly enters the waste heat boiler through the herringbone flue. The dust content of the gas is very high, causing blockage inside the boiler; the cooling of the water-cooled flue and the large amount of heat dissipation in the herringbone flue at high altitude cause the gas temperature to drop significantly; the waste heat boiler only absorbs a small amount of waste heat, which cannot reach the rated evaporation capacity, and the production capacity is low.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the present invention replaces the water-cooled flue currently used in calcium carbide furnaces with an insulated flue; and replaces the towering herringbone flue emission system that has been used in calcium carbide furnaces since their inception with high-temperature dust removal, eliminating secondary pollution and improving the practical value of waste heat utilization. With the advancement of science and technology and the mandatory regulations of the state on the utilization of waste heat from calcium carbide furnace gas, new technologies will inevitably replace existing technologies.

[0007] Therefore, it is imperative and urgent to explore and develop waste heat boiler pre-equipment and systems, reduce the smoke concentration before the furnace gas enters the furnace and maximize the furnace gas temperature in order to truly achieve energy conservation and emission reduction. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the current status of waste heat utilization of furnace gas from calcium carbide furnaces in China, the research and development purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated furnace gas dust removal and ash conveying processing device and system that ensures the safe operation of waste heat boilers, increases steam production, is resistant to high temperatures and explosion-proof, has high dust removal efficiency, high functional integration, small footprint, low operating costs and strong adaptability.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a high-temperature explosion-proof cluster cyclone dust collector, which is a vertically arranged tower-type cylinder, including an explosion relief valve, an air outlet box, an air inlet box, a separation cylinder, an ash falling pipe, and a dust collecting tank; characterized in that two explosion relief valves are arranged on the top of the air outlet box, and an integrally connected air outlet pipe seat is arranged on the left side of the air outlet box; The lower part of the air outlet box is connected to the air inlet box, a cyclone cluster group is coaxially arranged in the shell of the air inlet box, the lower end of each cyclone in the cyclone cluster group is respectively connected to a dust falling pipe, and the lower end of the dust falling pipe is connected to the dust collecting tank; The right side of the air intake box is an air intake pipe seat, the lower part of the air intake box is connected to the separation cylinder, and the lower part of the separation cylinder is connected to the ash collecting tank; During operation, the high-temperature furnace gas discharged from the calcium carbide furnace enters the air inlet box to form a downward spiral airflow and moves downward in a spiral. Under the action of centrifugal force, large particles of dust in the furnace gas are thrown to the cylinder wall and fall into the ash collecting tank under the action of gravity; the downward spiral airflow returns at the bottom of the separation cylinder to form an upward spiral airflow, and the fine dust in the furnace gas moves upward in a spiral with the upward spiral airflow and enters the corresponding cyclone tangentially for separation again, and the fine dust falls into the dust collecting tank through the ash falling pipe.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the separation cylinder is a conical cylinder.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the air outlet box has a teardrop shape, is connected to the air inlet box at the bottom, and the circumferential center of the air outlet box coincides with the axis of the air inlet box.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the air intake box is a volute designed according to the Archimedean spiral.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the dust dropping pipe passes through the conical separation cylinder and is connected to the dust collecting tank.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the dust collecting tank is a hyperbolic ash hopper, and the ash outlet is doubly sealed by the ash layer thickness and the air locking device.

[0015] The present invention also provides a high-temperature explosion-proof clustered cyclone dust removal system, including the above-mentioned high-temperature explosion-proof clustered cyclone dust collector, the air inlet pipe seat of the air inlet box is connected to the high-temperature furnace gas outlet of the calcium carbide furnace through a high-temperature resistant insulated flue; the air outlet pipe seat of the air outlet box is connected to the waste heat boiler through a horizontal insulated flue; the lower outlet of the ash collecting tank is connected to an air lock and a silo pump, and the dust particles are transported to the ash bin by pneumatic conveying.

[0016] All relevant parts of the present invention are made of high-temperature resistant metal materials, and the whole product is wrapped with thermal insulation materials. The flue from the exhaust port of the calcium carbide furnace to the high-temperature explosion-proof clustered cyclone collector and the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler in the system is insulated to achieve the design temperature of the calcium carbide furnace gas entering the waste heat boiler, so that the waste heat boiler can operate up to the standard. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the product of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0019] Figure 3 It is a system schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure numerals: 1—explosion relief valve, 2—air outlet box, 3—air inlet box, 4—cyclone cluster group, 5—separation cylinder, 6—ash falling pipe, 7—ash collecting tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the present invention is a high-temperature explosion-proof cluster cyclone dust collector, which has a vertical tower-type cylinder body, including an explosion relief valve 1, an air outlet box 2, an air inlet box 3, a cyclone cluster group 4, a separation cylinder 5, an ash falling pipe 6 and an ash collecting tank 7.

[0023] Two explosion relief valves 1 are arranged on the top of the air outlet box 2, and an integrally connected air outlet pipe seat is arranged on the left side of the air outlet box 2; the lower part of the air outlet box 2 is connected to the air inlet box 3, and a cyclone cluster group 4 is coaxially arranged in the shell of the air inlet box 3, and the lower end of each cyclone in the cyclone cluster group 4 is respectively connected to a dust collection pipe 6, and the lower end of the ash collection pipe 6 is connected to the dust collecting tank 7; the right side of the air inlet box 3 is the air inlet pipe seat, and the lower part of the air inlet box 3 is connected to the separation cylinder 5. In specific practice, the air inlet box 3 is welded and connected to the separation cylinder 5, and the inner cavity of the air inlet box 3 is axially connected to the inner cavity of the separation cylinder 5, and the lower part of the separation cylinder 5 is connected to the ash collecting tank 7.

[0024] Preferably, the air outlet box 2 is in a water drop shape, and is connected to the air inlet box 3 at the bottom, and the circumferential center of the air outlet box 2 coincides with the axis of the air inlet box 3. The water drop-shaped air outlet box 2 can effectively reduce the flow field resistance and ensure that there is no dead corner of the air outlet box 2 where dust accumulates.

[0025] Preferably, the explosion relief valve 1 adopts a heavy hammer type. When the system pressure exceeds the design pressure, the bursting disc ruptures automatically to prevent the system from exploding. After the pressure is released, the valve cover automatically closes due to the action of the heavy hammer to avoid casualties caused by the leakage of CO gas, eliminate potential accidents, and ensure safe operation of the system.

[0026] Preferably, the air inlet box 3 is a volute designed with an Archimedean spiral, and the cyclone cluster group 4 arranged coaxially with the volute has a gathering effect, a uniform flow field, and separation of coarse and fine dust particles is completed respectively according to the moving lines of the outer and inner vortices. The dust particles fall into the dust collecting tank respectively, and the clean furnace gas enters the air outlet box 2 from the exhaust pipe.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the dust collecting tank 7 is designed as a hyperbolic ash hopper, which uses the principle of equal cross-section contraction to eliminate the poor fluidity and bridging blockage of conventional conical ash hoppers. The existing technology only considers the influence of gravity and tends to increase the cone angle of the cone, which not only greatly increases the cost but also has little effect on improving the fluidity of dust particles. The ash output is controlled by PCL, and the ash hopper outlet is double-sealed by ash seal thickness and air lock device to avoid casualties caused by CO gas leakage.

[0028] The preferred method is to install sensors at relevant parts of the whole system to detect CO and O in the furnace gas. 2 and H 2 Instruments are used to monitor gases and feed the monitoring data back to the control center. When the monitoring data exceeds the set threshold, the system automatically alarms and automatically closes the relevant valves to stop operation, ensuring the safe operation of the entire system.

[0029] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, the process flow of the high-temperature explosion-proof cluster cyclone dust collector is as follows: the high-temperature furnace gas enters the air inlet box 3 tangentially from the air inlet pipe seat, and makes a spiral motion from top to bottom along the inner wall of the air inlet box 3 and the separation cylinder 5. Due to the action of centrifugal force, the large dust particles in the furnace gas are thrown to the cylinder wall to achieve the separation of gas and solid. The large dust particles rotate along the cylinder wall under the action of gravity and fall into the dust collecting tank 7. The rotation radius of this external vortex from top to bottom along the cylinder wall in the cone-shaped separation cylinder 5 is continuously reduced, so that the tangential speed of the downward cyclone airflow is continuously increased. When the airflow reaches the bottom position of the cone, an internal vortex from bottom to top is formed at the bottom of the separation cylinder 5, and enters each cyclone of the cyclone cluster group 4 tangentially. The furnace gas containing fine dust particles is subjected to another cyclone separation in the cyclone cluster group 4, and the fine dust particles fall into the dust collecting tank 7 through the ash falling pipe 6.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also proposes a high-temperature explosion-proof cluster cyclone dust removal system, including the above-mentioned high-temperature explosion-proof cluster cyclone dust collector, the air inlet pipe seat of the air inlet box 3 is connected to the high-temperature furnace gas outlet of the calcium carbide furnace through a high-temperature resistant insulated flue. The air outlet pipe seat of the air outlet box 2 is connected to the waste heat boiler through a horizontal insulated flue. The lower outlet of the ash collecting tank 7 is connected to the air lock and the silo pump, and the dust particles are transported to the ash bin by pneumatic conveying.

[0031] The high-temperature explosion-proof cluster cyclone dust removal system is characterized in that a high-temperature resistant insulated flue is used to replace the water-cooled flue, and a high-temperature resistant horizontal insulated flue is used to replace the herringbone flue, and the present invention replaces the existing process system for utilizing the waste heat of the furnace gas of the calcium carbide furnace.

[0032] The process flow of high temperature explosion-proof cluster cyclone dust removal system: Figure 3 As shown, the high-temperature furnace gas discharged from the top cover of the calcium carbide furnace enters the air inlet pipe seat of the air inlet box 3 through the high-temperature resistant insulated flue. After the smoke and dust separation is completed in the equipment, the dust particles enter the silo pump through the double sealing device arranged at the lower part of the ash collecting tank 7, and the collected dust is sent to the ash bin through pneumatic conveying; the clean furnace gas, under the action of the system gravity, enters the waste heat boiler from the outlet pipe seat of the air outlet box 2 through the horizontal insulated flue.

[0033] The above description is only a partial embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention can still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature explosion-proof cluster cyclone dust collector, which is a vertically arranged tower-shaped cylinder, comprising an explosion relief valve (1), an air outlet box (2), an air inlet box (3), a separation cylinder (5), an ash falling pipe (6), and a dust collecting tank (7); characterized in that: Two explosion relief valves (1) are arranged on the top of the air outlet box (2), and an integrally connected air outlet pipe seat is arranged on the left side of the air outlet box (2); The lower part of the air outlet box (2) is connected to the air inlet box (3), a cyclone cluster group (4) is coaxially arranged in the shell of the air inlet box (3), the lower end of each cyclone in the cyclone cluster group (4) is respectively connected to a dust dropping pipe (6), and the lower end of the dust dropping pipe (6) is connected to the dust collecting tank (7); The right side of the air intake box (3) is an air intake pipe seat, the lower part of the air intake box (3) is connected to the separation cylinder (5), and the lower part of the separation cylinder (5) is connected to the ash collecting tank (7); During operation, the high-temperature furnace gas discharged from the calcium carbide furnace enters the air inlet box (3) and forms a downward swirling airflow that moves spirally downward. Under the action of centrifugal force, large dust particles in the furnace gas are thrown toward the cylinder wall and fall into the dust collecting tank (7) under the action of gravity; the downward swirling airflow returns at the bottom of the separation cylinder (5) to form an upward swirling airflow, and the fine dust in the furnace gas moves spirally upward with the upward swirling airflow and enters the corresponding cyclone tangentially to be separated again. The fine dust falls into the dust collecting tank (7) through the ash falling pipe (6).

2. The high-temperature explosion-proof cluster cyclone dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet box (2) has a teardrop-shaped appearance and is connected to the air inlet box (3) at its lower portion; the circumferential center of the air outlet box (2) coincides with the axis of the air inlet box (3).

3. The high-temperature explosion-proof cluster cyclone dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet box (3) is a volute designed according to the Archimedean spiral.

4. The high-temperature explosion-proof cluster cyclone dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust dropping pipe (6) passes through the conical separation cylinder (5) and is connected to the dust collecting tank (7).

5. The high-temperature explosion-proof cluster cyclone dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collecting tank (7) is a hyperbolic ash hopper, and the ash outlet is double-sealed by the ash layer thickness and the air locking device.

6. A high-temperature explosion-proof cluster cyclone dust removal system, comprising a high-temperature explosion-proof cluster cyclone dust collector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the air inlet pipe seat of the air inlet box (3) is connected to the high-temperature furnace gas outlet of the calcium carbide furnace through a high-temperature resistant insulated flue; the air outlet pipe seat of the air outlet box (2) is connected to the waste heat boiler through a horizontal insulated flue; the lower outlet of the ash collecting tank (7) is connected to an air lock and a silo pump, and the dust particles are transported to the ash bin by pneumatic conveying.

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