Ultrasonic activation method and application of hydroxamic acid collecting agent for rare earth ore flotation
By sonicating the hydroxamic acid collectors used in rare earth flotation, the problems of poor solubility and weak capture ability are solved, and efficient recycling of rare earth flotation is achieved, reducing resource waste and environmental pollution.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510334105.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-06
AI Technical Summary
Among the existing rare earth flotation technology, the hydroxamic acid collector has poor solubility and weak capture ability, resulting in large amount of collector usage, high flotation temperature, low rare earth concentrate grade and recovery rate, resulting in waste of rare earth resources and ecological environment pollution.
By sonicating the hydroxamic acid collector solution, the cavitation effect and radiation effect of ultrasonic waves can be used to promote the dissolution and dissociation of the collector and improve its adsorption ability on the surface of rare earth minerals.
It significantly improves the harvesting capacity of rare earth flotation, reduces the collector usage and flotation temperature, improves the grade and recovery rate of rare earth concentrates, and reduces production costs and carbon emissions.
Smart Images
Figure CN120094747A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rare earth ore dressing, and more specifically relates to a method and application of ultrasonic activation of hydroxamic acid collectors for rare earth ore flotation. Background Art
[0002] Rare earths are widely used in various aspects of national economy and people's livelihood, such as chemical industry, new materials, aerospace, national defense and military industry, and their efficient development and utilization are of vital importance. The rare earth resource reserves of Bayan Obo Mine rank first in the world. Its main rare earth minerals include fluorocarbon cerium ore and monazite, which are often associated with calcium-containing gangue minerals such as fluorite and barite. Flotation is a common method for their separation. Hydroxamic acid collectors are commonly used collectors for the flotation of rare earths in Bayan Obo Mine, mainly including o-hydroxynaphthohydroxamic acid, C 5-9 Alkyl hydroxamic acid and salicylic hydroxamic acid, etc., such collectors are easy to selectively adsorb on the surface of rare earth minerals, thus playing a collecting role. However, due to the poor solubility and weak collecting ability of hydroxamic acid collectors, the amount of collectors used in the rare earth flotation production process is large, and the flotation index at room temperature is not good. Flotation at room temperature of about 25°C can only obtain the separation index of less than 40% of the rare earth concentrate grade and less than 50% of the recovery rate. For this reason, the rare earth flotation production site often adopts the method of high-temperature flotation above 70°C to increase the solubility of hydroxamic acid collectors and improve the effective components of the reagent, thereby activating the hydroxamic acid collector and improving the rare earth flotation index. At present, rare earth high-temperature flotation can only produce rare earth concentrates with a rare earth grade of 55% and a recovery rate of about 58%. The rare earth high-temperature flotation process has limited collector activation capacity, which restricts the further improvement of rare earth flotation indicators and causes serious waste of rare earth resources. It also has high energy consumption, poor on-site flotation production environment, and serious ecological environmental pollution.
[0003] In summary, an efficient activation method for hydroxamic acid collector is needed to improve its rare earth collection ability, so as to reduce the collector dosage and flotation temperature, improve the rare earth separation index, and promote the efficient recycling and utilization of rare earth resources in the Bayan Obo mine and the protection of the ecological environment. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and application of ultrasonic activation of hydroxamic acid collectors for rare earth ore flotation to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is to provide an activated collector, wherein the activated collector is obtained by ultrasonically treating a collector solution.
[0007] Furthermore, the frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 20KHz to 40KHz, the power is 50W to 800W, and the time is 0.5min to 30min.
[0008] The device that can be used for ultrasonic treatment in the present invention is an ultrasonic generator equipped with a horn-type or flat-plate-type ultrasonic transducer.
[0009] The cavitation effect of ultrasound can produce strong mechanical and thermal effects, and produce emulsification and fragmentation effects inside the solution medium. The vibration and shock wave generated when the cavitation bubbles burst can improve the emulsification and ionization degree of the oily agent, thereby activating the agent. The present invention introduces ultrasound into the dissolution and activation process of hydroxamic acid, a rare earth flotation collector, to promote the adsorption of the activated collector on the surface of the rare earth mineral, strengthen the rare earth collection ability, and help improve the flotation recovery rate of the rare earth mineral.
[0010] Furthermore, the collector solution is a hydroxamic acid collector solution.
[0011] Optionally, the main components of the hydroxamic acid collector solution include o-hydroxynaphthohydroxamic acid, C 5-9 At least one of alkyl hydroxamic acid and salicylic hydroxamic acid.
[0012] Furthermore, the concentration of the collector solution is 2wt.% to 10wt.%.
[0013] The invention promotes the dissolution and dissociation of hydroxamic acid collectors through ultrasonic cavitation effect, generates more hydroxamic acid anions, strengthens the adsorption of collectors on the surface of rare earth minerals, and improves rare earth flotation indexes.
[0014] The second technical solution of the present invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned activated collector in the flotation of rare earth ores.
[0015] The activated collector prepared by the invention can improve the activity of the collector solution, reduce the amount of the collector, and reduce the temperature of the rare earth flotation slurry, thereby reducing the rare earth flotation production cost, with significant energy-saving and carbon-reducing effects, and solves the current problems of large amount of collector used in rare earth ore flotation, high flotation temperature, and poor flotation index.
[0016] The third technical solution of the present invention is to provide a flotation method for rare earth ore, comprising the following steps:
[0017] The rare earth ore is prepared into slurry, the pH is adjusted to 7.5-8.5, the inhibitor, the above-mentioned activated collector and the frother are added in sequence, aeration flotation is performed, and after the closed-circuit flotation process of roughing, primary cleaning and secondary cleaning, rare earth concentrate and rare earth tailings are obtained.
[0018] In the present invention, hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide is used to adjust the pH.
[0019] Furthermore, the portion of the rare earth ore with a particle size less than 0.074 mm accounts for 85 wt.% to 95 wt.%.
[0020] Furthermore, the concentration of the slurry is 50wt.% to 60wt.%.
[0021] Furthermore, the temperature of the aeration flotation is 35°C to 55°C.
[0022] Furthermore, in the roughing, primary cleaning and secondary cleaning, the dosage of the inhibitor is 1-5 kg / t, the dosage of the foaming agent is 18-96 g / t, and the dosage of the activated collector is 0.5-3 kg / t.
[0023] Generally speaking, the amount of chemicals used in roughing, primary cleaning and secondary cleaning is gradually reduced.
[0024] Optionally, the inhibitor is water glass with a concentration of 5wt.% to 20wt.%; the foaming agent is pine oil; and the concentration of the activated collector is 2wt.% to 10wt.%.
[0025] Furthermore, the roughing step includes: adjusting the slurry concentration to 50wt.% to 60wt.%, adjusting the temperature to 35°C to 55°C, dispersing and stirring for 2 to 5 minutes, adjusting the pH to 7.5 to 8.5 and stirring for 2 to 5 minutes, adding an inhibitor and stirring for 2 to 5 minutes, adding an activated collector and stirring for 2 to 5 minutes, adding a frother and stirring for 2 to 5 minutes, and aerating flotation for 5 to 10 minutes to obtain a flotation rough concentrate (foam) and a flotation tailings (sand in the tank).
[0026] Furthermore, the first concentration step includes: adjusting the concentration of the flotation rough concentrate to 35wt.%~50wt.%, adjusting the slurry temperature to 35℃~55℃, dispersing and stirring for 2~5min, adjusting the pH to 7.5~8.5 and stirring for 2~5min, adding an inhibitor and stirring for 2~5min, adding an activated collector and stirring for 2~5min, adding a frother and stirring for 2~5min, and aerating flotation for 3~8min to obtain a primary concentrated concentrate (foam) and a primary concentrated tailings (sand in the tank, medium ore 1).
[0027] Furthermore, the secondary concentration step includes: adjusting the concentration of the flotation primary concentration concentrate to 35wt.%-45wt.%, adjusting the slurry temperature to 35°C-55°C, dispersing and stirring for 2-5min, adjusting the pH to 7.5-8.5 and stirring for 2-5min, adding an inhibitor and stirring for 2-5min, adding an activated collector and stirring for 2-5min, adding a frother and stirring for 2-5min, and aerating and flotating for 3-8min to obtain a flotation secondary concentration concentrate (foam) and a flotation secondary concentration tailings (sand in the tank, middling 2).
[0028] Furthermore, it also includes that the primary concentrated tailings (i.e., middling ore 1) and the secondary concentrated tailings (i.e., middling ore 2) are combined and then returned to roughing, and the steps of roughing, primary concentration and secondary concentration are repeated until the yield and rare earth grade value of the combined product of the primary concentrated tailings (i.e., middling ore 1) and the secondary concentrated tailings (i.e., middling ore 2) do not change by more than 5%.
[0029] Among them, the above-mentioned flotation secondary concentrated concentrate is the final rare earth concentrate, and the flotation tailings are the final tailings.
[0030] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:
[0031] The invention utilizes the cavitation effect and the ultrasonic radiation effect of ultrasound to treat the rare earth flotation hydroxamic acid collector. The cavitation effect of ultrasound forms micro-nano bubbles in the collector solution. These bubbles collapse rapidly under the action of local liquid pressure, release a large amount of energy, destroy the -OH covalent bond in the hydroxamic acid molecule R-CO-NH-OH, promote its dissociation, and generate more active hydroxamic acid anions R-CO-NH-OH. - and hydrogen ions H + The test found that after ultrasonic treatment of the collector, the conductivity of the collector solution increased from 259μS / cm to 623μS / cm, indicating that the ion concentration in the collector solution was significantly increased, which activated the hydroxamic acid collector, thereby enhancing the recovery efficiency of rare earths in the rare earth flotation process.
[0032] The present invention adopts an ultrasonically treated activated hydroxamic acid collector for rare earth flotation. Through this method, the amount of collector used can be significantly reduced, and the temperature of the flotation pulp can be reduced, thereby effectively reducing production costs and carbon emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0033] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:
[0034] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the preparation of activated collector, wherein (a) is a horn-type ultrasonic device and (b) is a flat-plate ultrasonic device.
[0035] Figure 2 This is the flotation process flow chart. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.
[0037] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.
[0038] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.
[0039] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.
[0040] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.
[0041] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the preparation of activated collector, wherein (a) is a horn-type ultrasonic device and (b) is a flat-plate ultrasonic device.
[0042] Figure 2 This is the flotation process flow chart.
[0043] Unless otherwise specified, "normal temperature" and "room temperature" in the specific embodiments of the present invention refer to 20-30°C.
[0044] The experimental methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
[0045] Example 1
[0046] The flotation of rare earth ores includes the following steps:
[0047] The rare earth ore sample used in this example is the Baiyunebo tailings, the rare earth oxide (REO) grade is 6.8%, and the collector is o-hydroxynaphthohydroxamic acid, C 5-9Alkyl hydroxamic acid and salicylic hydroxamic acid are prepared in a mass ratio of 8:1:1, and the ultrasonic treatment device is a horn-type ultrasonic generator;
[0048] S1, add water to the above collector to prepare 100mL of collector solution with a mass concentration of 10%, and use a horn-type ultrasonic processor to perform ultrasonic treatment (frequency 25KHz, power 200W, time 10min) to obtain an activated collector solution;
[0049] S2, grinding the above-mentioned Bayan Obo tailings to less than 200 meshes accounting for 92.50wt%, preparing a slurry with a mass concentration of 60%, heating the slurry to 40°C, and stirring and dispersing for 3min;
[0050] S3, adding 1% mass concentration of sodium hydroxide solution to the pulp, adjusting the pH to 8.5, stirring for 3 minutes, continuing to add 10% mass fraction of water glass solution (2000g / t) to inhibit gangue minerals, stirring for 3 minutes, then adding the activated collector solution (1500g / t) in step S1 to capture rare earth minerals, stirring for 3 minutes, and then adding a foaming agent pinene alcohol (54g / t) and stirring for 3 minutes to form mineralized bubbles in the pulp, then turning on the flotation machine aeration device, and flotation for 6 minutes. The obtained foam product is a rare earth flotation roughing concentrate, and the sediment is a rare earth flotation tailings; wherein, the pulp temperature is maintained at about 40°C during the roughing process;
[0051] S4, adjusting the rare earth flotation roughing concentrate in step S3 to a pulp with a mass concentration of 45%, adding a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 1%, adjusting the pH to 8.5, stirring for 3 minutes, continuing to add a water glass solution (1000 g / t) with a mass fraction of 10% to inhibit gangue minerals, stirring for 3 minutes, then adding the activated collector solution (750 g / t) in step S1 to capture rare earth minerals, stirring for 3 minutes, and then adding a foaming agent pinene alcohol (36 g / t) to form mineralized bubbles in the pulp, stirring for 3 minutes, then turning on the flotation machine aeration device, and flotation for 4 minutes, the obtained foam product is the rare earth flotation primary concentrated concentrate, and the sedimentation is the primary concentrated tailings; wherein, the pulp temperature is maintained at about 40°C during the first concentration process;
[0052] S5, adjusting the rare earth flotation primary concentrate in step S4 to a slurry with a mass concentration of 40%, adding a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 1%, adjusting the pH to 8.5, stirring for 3 minutes, continuing to add a water glass solution (500 g / t) with a mass fraction of 10% to inhibit gangue minerals, stirring for 3 minutes, then adding the activated collector solution (375 g / t) in step S1 to capture rare earth minerals, stirring for 3 minutes, and then adding a foaming agent pinene alcohol (36 g / t) to form mineralized bubbles in the slurry, stirring for 3 minutes, then turning on the flotation machine aeration device, and performing aeration and stirring flotation for 3 minutes. The obtained foam product is the rare earth flotation secondary concentrate, and the sediment is the secondary tailings; wherein, the slurry temperature is maintained at about 40°C during the second concentration process;
[0053] S6. The tailings in steps S4 to S5 (primary concentrated tailings and secondary concentrated tailings) are combined and returned to the roughing, and the processes of steps S3 to S5 are repeated until the yield and rare earth grade value of the combined product of the flotation primary concentrated tailings (i.e., middling ore 1) and the flotation secondary concentrated tailings (i.e., middling ore 2) do not exceed 5%, and the obtained flotation secondary concentrated concentrate is the final concentrate, and the flotation tailings are the final tailings.
[0054] Comparative Example 1
[0055] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the collector solution is not subjected to ultrasonic treatment.
[0056] After filtering and drying the rare earth concentrate and rare earth tailings obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the REO grade of the rare earth concentrate was detected and the REO recovery rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1. The data in Table 1 show that the grade and recovery rate of the rare earth concentrate flotation using the collector after ultrasonic activation are 4.30% and 7.42% higher than those of the collector without ultrasonic treatment. The results show that the ultrasonic activated collector has the effect of improving the separation index when flotation recovers rare earth from the Bayan Obo tailings.
[0057] Table 1 Comparison of rare earth flotation indexes of Bayan Obo tailings
[0058]
[0059] On the basis of Example 1, the flotation temperature, ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time were adjusted to explore their effects on the flotation effect (rare earth concentrate yield, grade and recovery rate), and the results are shown in Tables 2 to 4. The results in Table 2 show that under different flotation temperature conditions, the ultrasonic activated collector has the effect of improving the indicators for the flotation recovery of rare earths from the Bayan Obo tailings.
[0060] Table 2 Effect of flotation temperature on flotation effect
[0061]
[0062] The results in Table 3 show that with the increase of ultrasonic treatment collector power, the rare earth separation index in the flotation of Bayan Obo tailings with ultrasonic activated collector gradually increases. When the ultrasonic power reaches 400W, the rare earth flotation index is REO grade of 51.30% and the recovery rate of 62.01%. Continuing to increase the ultrasonic power, the rare earth separation index does not improve much, indicating that within a certain range of ultrasonic power, ultrasonic treatment has a significant activation effect on the collector, strengthens its collection effect on rare earth minerals, and improves the flotation index.
[0063] Table 3 Effect of ultrasonic power on collector flotation effect
[0064] Ultrasonic power / W product Yield / % REO grade / % REO recovery rate / % No ultrasound Rare earth concentrate 7.6 46.50 51.97 50 Rare earth concentrate 7.45 48.60 53.25 100 Rare earth concentrate 7.81 50.10 57.54 200 Rare earth concentrate 7.95 50.80 59.39 400 Rare earth concentrate 8.22 51.30 62.01 600 Rare earth concentrate 8.14 52.15 62.43
[0065] Table 4 Effect of ultrasonic time on flotation effect
[0066] Ultrasonic time / min product Yield / % REO grade / % REO recovery rate / % 0.5 Rare earth concentrate 7.50 47.10 51.95 5 Rare earth concentrate 7.86 48.85 56.46 10 Rare earth concentrate 7.95 50.80 59.39 20 Rare earth concentrate 8.25 50.25 60.97 30 Rare earth concentrate 7.80 49.05 56.26
[0067] Example 2
[0068] The flotation of rare earth ores includes the following steps:
[0069] The rare earth ore sample used in this example is the Bayan Obo strong magnetic medium ore, the rare earth oxide (REO) grade is 9.2%, and the collector is o-hydroxynaphthohydroxamic acid, C 5-9 Alkyl hydroxamic acid and salicylic hydroxamic acid are prepared in a mass ratio of 6:3:1, and the ultrasonic treatment device is a flat ultrasonic generator;
[0070] S1, adding water to the above collector to prepare 100 mL of a collector solution with a mass concentration of 10%, and using a flat ultrasonic processor for ultrasonic treatment (frequency 40 KHz, power 200 W, time 20 min) to obtain an activated collector solution;
[0071] S2, the above-mentioned Bayan Obo strong magnetic ore is finely ground to less than 200 meshes accounting for 90.50wt%, and the slurry is prepared with a mass concentration of 60%, the slurry is heated to 50°C, and stirred and dispersed for 3min;
[0072] S3, adding 1% mass concentration of sodium hydroxide solution to the pulp, adjusting the pH to 8.5, stirring for 3 minutes, continuing to add 10% mass fraction of water glass solution (1600g / t) to inhibit gangue minerals, stirring for 3 minutes, then adding the activated collector solution (1200g / t) in step S1 to capture rare earth minerals, stirring for 3 minutes, and then adding a foaming agent pinene alcohol (54g / t) to form mineralized bubbles in the pulp, stirring for 3 minutes, and then aerating flotation for 5 minutes, the obtained foam product is rare earth flotation roughing concentrate, and the sediment is rare earth flotation tailings; wherein, the pulp temperature is kept at about 50°C during the roughing process;
[0073] S4, adjusting the rare earth flotation roughing concentrate in step S3 to a pulp with a mass concentration of 45%, adding a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 1%, adjusting the pH to 8.5, stirring for 3 minutes, continuing to add a water glass solution (800 g / t) with a mass fraction of 10% to inhibit gangue minerals, stirring for 3 minutes, then adding the activated collector solution (600 g / t) in step S1 to capture rare earth minerals, stirring for 3 minutes, and then adding a foaming agent pinene alcohol (36 g / t) to form mineralized bubbles in the pulp, stirring for 3 minutes, then turning on the flotation machine aeration device, and performing aeration flotation for 4 minutes. The obtained foam product is the rare earth flotation primary concentrated concentrate, and the sedimentation is the primary concentrated tailings; wherein, the pulp temperature is maintained at about 50°C during the primary concentration process;
[0074] S5, adjusting the rare earth flotation primary concentrate in step S4 to a slurry with a mass concentration of 40%, adding a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 1%, adjusting the pH to 8.5, stirring for 3 minutes, continuing to add a water glass solution (400 g / t) with a mass fraction of 10% to inhibit gangue minerals, stirring for 3 minutes, then adding the activated collector solution (300 g / t) in step S1 to capture rare earth minerals, stirring for 3 minutes, then adding a foaming agent pinene alcohol (18 g / t) to form mineralized bubbles in the slurry, stirring for 3 minutes, and performing aeration flotation for 3 minutes. The obtained foam product is the rare earth flotation secondary concentrate, and the sediment is the secondary tailings; wherein, the slurry temperature is maintained at about 50°C during the second concentration process;
[0075] S6. After combining the tailings in steps S3 to S5 (primary concentrated tailings and secondary concentrated tailings), the steps S3 to S5 are repeated until the yield and rare earth grade value of the combined product of the flotation primary concentrated tailings (i.e., middling 1) and the flotation secondary concentrated tailings (i.e., middling 2) do not exceed 5%, and the final rare earth flotation secondary concentrated concentrate is the rare earth concentrate, and the combined tailings are the rare earth tailings.
[0076] Comparative Example 2
[0077] Compared with Example 2, the only difference is that the collector solution is not subjected to ultrasonic treatment.
[0078] After filtering and drying the rare earth concentrate and rare earth tailings obtained in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, the REO grade of the rare earth concentrate was detected and the REO recovery rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 5. The data in Table 5 show that the grade and recovery rate of the rare earth concentrate flotation using the collector after ultrasonic activation are 3.40 percentage points and 4.38 percentage points higher than those of the collector without ultrasonic treatment, respectively, reaching the separation index of "double 60" for the grade and recovery rate of the rare earth flotation concentrate. The results show that the ultrasonic activation collector has the effect of improving the separation index when flotating rare earths in the Bayan Obo strong magnetic ore.
[0079] Table 5 Comparison of rare earth flotation indexes of Bayan Obo strong magnetic ore
[0080]
[0081] Based on the difference in the physical and chemical properties of the surfaces of rare earth and gangue mineral particles, the present invention uses an inhibitor to adsorb and inhibit the gangue mineral, so that non-target minerals are not easy to adhere to bubbles, thereby inhibiting the floating of the gangue mineral; uses a collector to adsorb the rare earth mineral, so that the target mineral is more easily adsorbed on the bubbles, and as the bubbles float to the liquid surface, the target mineral is separated from the gangue; and uses ultrasonic treatment to activate the collector, thereby increasing the adsorption of the collector on the surface of the rare earth mineral, strengthening the bubble mineralization process, and improving the rare earth flotation index.
[0082] Comparative Example 3
[0083] Compared with Example 2, the difference is that the collector solution is not ultrasonically treated, and the flotation temperature of the roughing, primary cleaning and secondary cleaning is 70°C. After filtering and drying, the rare earth concentrate and rare earth tailings obtained in Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 were tested for the REO grade of the rare earth concentrate and calculated for the REO recovery rate. The results are shown in Table 6. The data in Table 6 show that the flotation rare earth concentrate index obtained by using the ultrasonically activated collector at a relatively low flotation temperature of 50°C is 0.95 percentage points higher than the flotation rare earth concentrate index obtained by the unultrasonicated collector at 70°C, and the recovery rate is increased by 0.34 percentage points. The results show that the activation of the collector can achieve better technical effects of higher temperature flotation.
[0084] Table 6 Comparison of rare earth flotation indexes of Bayan Obo strong magnetic ore
[0085]
[0086] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.
[0087] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. An activated collector, characterized in that: The activated collector is obtained by ultrasonically treating a collector solution; The collector solution is a hydroxamic acid collector solution.
2. The activated collector according to claim 1, characterized in that The frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 20KHz to 40KHz, the power is 50W to 800W, and the time is 0.5min to 30min; and / or, The main components of the hydroxamic acid collector solution include o-hydroxynaphthohydroxamic acid, C 5-9 at least one of an alkyl hydroxamic acid and a salicylic hydroxamic acid; The concentration of the collector solution is 2 wt.% to 10 wt.%.
3. Use of the activated collector as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in the flotation of rare earth ores.
4. A flotation method for rare earth ore, characterized in that the steps include: The rare earth ore is prepared into a slurry, the pH value is adjusted to 7.5-8.5, an inhibitor, an activated collector and a frother are added in sequence, aeration flotation is performed, and a rare earth concentrate and rare earth tailings are obtained after a closed-circuit flotation process of roughing, primary cleaning and secondary cleaning.
5. The flotation method of rare earth ore according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rare earth ore has a particle size of less than 0.074 mm accounting for 85 wt.% to 95 wt.%; and / or, The concentration of the slurry is 50wt.% to 60wt.%; and / or, The temperature of the aeration flotation is 35°C to 55°C.
6. The flotation method of rare earth ore according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the roughing, first cleaning and second cleaning, the dosage of the inhibitor is 1-5 kg / t, the dosage of the foaming agent is 18-96 g / t, and the dosage of the activated collector is 0.5-3 kg / t; and / or, The inhibitor is water glass with a concentration of 5wt.% to 20wt.%; and / or, The foaming agent is pine oil; and / or, The concentration of the activated collector is 2 wt.% to 10 wt.%.
7. The flotation method of rare earth ore according to claim 4, characterized in that: The roughing step comprises: adjusting the pulp concentration to 50wt.%-60wt.%, adjusting the pulp temperature to 35°C-55°C, dispersing and stirring for 2-5min, adjusting the pH to 7.5-8.5 and stirring for 2-5min, adding an inhibitor and stirring for 2-5min, adding an activated collector and stirring for 2-5min, adding a frother and stirring for 2-5min, and aerating and flotating for 5-10min to obtain a flotation rough concentrate and a flotation tailing.
8. The flotation method of rare earth ore according to claim 7, characterized in that: The primary concentration step comprises: adjusting the concentration of the flotation coarse concentrate to 45wt.%-50wt.%, adjusting the pulp temperature to 35°C-55°C, dispersing and stirring for 2-5min, adjusting the pH to 7.5-8.5 and stirring for 2-5min, adding an inhibitor and stirring for 2-5min, adding an activated collector and stirring for 2-5min, adding a frother and stirring for 2-5min, and aerating and flotating for 3-8min to obtain a primary concentrated concentrate and a primary concentrated tailings.
9. The flotation method of rare earth ore according to claim 8, characterized in that: The secondary concentration step comprises: adjusting the concentration of the primary concentrated concentrate to 35wt.%-45wt.%, adjusting the slurry temperature to 35°C-55°C, dispersing and stirring for 2-5min, adjusting the pH to 7.5-8.5 and stirring for 2-5min, adding an inhibitor and stirring for 2-5min, adding an activated collector and stirring for 2-5min, adding a frother and stirring for 2-5min, and aerating and flotating for 3-8min to obtain a secondary concentrated concentrate and a secondary concentrated tailings.
10. The flotation method of rare earth ore according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes that the first concentrated tailings and the second concentrated tailings are combined and returned to the roughing selection, and the steps of roughing selection, first concentration and second concentration are repeated.