High-precision forging die for copper casting

Abstract

The invention discloses a copper casting high-precision forging die, which relates to the technical field of mechanical part manufacturing, and comprises a top plate and a bottom bracket fixedly mounted below the top plate through a support rod, and further comprises a top die fixedly mounted at the lower part of the top plate and a bottom die fixedly mounted at the upper part of the bottom bracket; the top die is matched with the bottom die, a copper casting is placed in the bottom die, and then the top die is pressed, so that the copper casting is formed in the bottom die. The forging die has the beneficial effects that when the forging die is used for copper ring forging, multiple times of pressing forging under different pressures can be conducted, the side edge clamping die can be opened during forging to conduct exhaust operation on the interior of the die, reciprocating pressing forging is not needed, the forging efficiency is effectively improved, meanwhile, the influence of air in the die on forging can be effectively reduced, and the forging quality is improved. The method has the advantage of higher forging quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical parts manufacturing, in particular to a high-precision forging die for copper castings. Background Art

[0002] High-precision forging is the process of forging copper materials into specific shapes at high temperatures through a forging process. Since copper castings are widely used in many industries, most mechanical parts of copper castings are made using a forging process and have high strength. The forging process requires the use of a forging die.

[0003] The existing forging die presses the red-hot metal blank into the forming die core inside the forging die to forge a forged piece. After forging, the forging piece may be bonded to the die, which is inconvenient to remove. Secondly, the forging piece cannot be cooled quickly. Therefore, the publication number CN108838312B discloses a forging die, which includes an upper die, on which a punch head is provided; and a lower die, on which a die cavity opposite to the punch head is provided, and a plurality of nozzles are provided on the side wall of the die cavity. A jet is provided in the lower die, the jet is opposite to the nozzle, and a baffle groove is provided between the jet and the nozzle, the baffle groove passes through one end of the upper die, an elastic member and a baffle are provided in the baffle groove, and the elastic member is used to support the baffle. When the baffle is not subjected to force, the baffle portion is located outside the baffle groove, and one end of the baffle located in the baffle groove is located between the jet and the upper die.

[0004] The above-mentioned forging dies and existing forging dies are all press forging. Since some copper castings have sharp edges and corners, the upper die size of the die is smaller than the bottom die size during forging. Therefore, during press forging, the gas in the corners of the bottom die will remain in the bottom die, which will cause the copper casting to be unable to be pressed to the corners of the die, resulting in missing corners of the copper casting and failure to achieve standard part quality.

[0005] Therefore, a novel high-precision forging die for copper castings can be used to solve the deficiencies of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that the air in the mold is not discharged in time, resulting in quality defects of copper castings, and to propose a high-precision forging mold for copper castings.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A high-precision forging die for copper castings, comprising a top plate and a bottom bracket fixedly mounted below the top plate through a support rod, and further comprising a top die fixedly mounted below the top plate and a bottom die fixedly mounted above the bottom bracket; The top mold cooperates with the bottom mold, the copper casting is placed in the bottom mold, and then the top mold is pressed to form the copper casting in the bottom mold. The top mold is composed of a driving module and an upper die. The driving module drives the upper die to move, and a limit position assembly is installed between the driving module and the upper die. The bottom die includes a lower fixed plate fixedly mounted on a bottom bracket, an upper movable plate is slidably mounted on the lower fixed plate, the bottom die also includes a plurality of side clamps and a bottom support assembly, the bottom support assembly is fixedly connected to the upper movable plate, each of the side clamps is slidably connected to the upper movable plate via a column, a force unloading assembly is installed between the upper movable plate and the lower fixed plate, for segmenting the forging pressing force to achieve the effect of multiple pressings, an opening and closing assembly cooperating with the plurality of side clamps is installed on the bottom bracket, for opening and closing the side clamps to discharge the air inside the die.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting assembly includes a connecting column fixedly installed on the driving end of the driving module, a pressing cylinder is fixedly installed on the end of the connecting column away from the driving module, the upper pressing mold is fixedly installed on the lower end of the pressing cylinder, a screw rod is fixedly installed on the top of the inside of the pressing cylinder, a nut is threadedly rotatably installed on the screw rod, a gear disk is fixedly installed on the nut, a ring is fixedly installed on the gear disk, a counter plate is fixedly installed on the ring through a plurality of pillars, and a gear cylinder group meshing with the gear disk is rotatably installed on the pressing cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the thickness of the gear cylinder group is greater than the thickness of the toothed disc, and the thickness of the gear cylinder group is less than the length of the screw rod, a hole is provided on the pressing cylinder, and one side of the gear cylinder group extends from the hole to the outside of the pressing cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom support assembly comprises a bottom support mold fixedly mounted on the upper movable plate, the bottom support mold is provided with a through hole, a slide column is slidably mounted in the through hole, a tray matched with the abutment plate is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the slide column, a disc is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the slide column, a plurality of support rods are fixedly mounted on the disc, and a ball is rotatably mounted on the end of each support rod away from the disc; A convex plate that cooperates with the ball bearing is rotatably installed in the through hole of the bottom support mold, a telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the convex plate, the lower end of the telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the bottom bracket, a motor is fixedly installed on the bottom bracket, and the motor drive shaft and the telescopic rod are transmitted through a gear set.

[0011] Preferably, the unloading assembly comprises two hydraulic cylinders fixedly mounted between a lower fixed plate and an upper movable plate, and a voltage transformer regulator is fixedly mounted between the two hydraulic cylinders for adjusting the amount of hydraulic oil in the two hydraulic cylinders.

[0012] Preferably, the opening and closing assembly includes a plurality of first gears rotatably mounted on a bottom bracket, a plurality of first racks and a second rack are slidably mounted on the bottom bracket, the plurality of first racks and second racks cooperate with each other in pairs, the first racks and the second racks that cooperate with each other are meshed with the corresponding first gears, and are respectively located on both sides of the first gears, two adjacent first gears are connected by a universal flexible shaft, one of the first gears is also connected to the motor driving end by a universal flexible shaft, and each of the first racks cooperates with the corresponding column; A plurality of wedge blocks cooperating with corresponding columns are slidably mounted on the bottom bracket, a stop block cooperating with corresponding wedge blocks is fixedly mounted on each of the second racks, and a locking mechanism cooperating with the plurality of wedge blocks is mounted on the bottom bracket.

[0013] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a motor fixedly mounted on the lower fixing plate, a limit frame matched with a plurality of wedge blocks is rotatably mounted on the bottom bracket, and the motor driving end is fixedly connected to the limit frame.

[0014] Preferably, the ends of the column and the block are both arc-shaped, and round balls are rotatably mounted on the ends of the column and the block.

[0015] Preferably, each of the side clamps is L-shaped, and after a plurality of the side clamps are combined, the inner side fits against the side wall of the bottom support mold, and an arc groove is opened under each of the side clamps, and a plurality of the arc grooves form a circular hole for the passage of the telescopic rod.

[0016] Preferably, two heating modules are fixedly mounted on the upper movable plate, the heating sections of the two heating modules extend into the interior of the upper movable plate, and a protective shell is fixedly mounted on the bottom bracket.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. When forging copper rings, this forging die changes the amount of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder by setting a voltage regulator. It can not only perform multiple presses and is easy to operate, but also keep the force on the copper ring on the bottom support die disappear when the side clamp is opened, avoiding the over-pressure deformation of the copper ring due to the loss of side clamp restriction, and has higher protection performance.

[0018] 2. When forging a copper ring, the forging die drives the side clamp to expand by setting a stop block, a wedge block and a column, and then cooperates with the first gear, the first rack and the second rack to drive the side clamp to reset. During the pressing and forging process, the air in the corners of the die is automatically discharged, and there is no need for multiple reciprocating die castings. The probability of missing corners of the copper ring after die casting can be effectively reduced, and the die casting quality can be improved to a certain extent.

[0019] 3. When the forging die is forging the copper ring, the bottom of the wedge block is supported by setting a motor and a limit frame, so that the pressure generated during the press forging is transmitted to the bottom bracket through the limit frame to avoid the motor drive end being subjected to force. This makes the press forging support more stable and also protects the motor to avoid damage to the motor caused by the motor load.

[0020] 4. When the forging die is used for forging copper rings, the cooperation between the back plate and the tray can support the upper die after the side clamp is unfolded to avoid leakage of the hydraulic cylinder, which makes it impossible to eliminate the pressure on the copper ring. It is used to eliminate the pressure on the copper ring. At the same time, the position of the back plate can be changed with the use of the screw rod and the nut, so as to be suitable for forging copper rings of different thicknesses.

[0021] In summary, when the forging die is used to forge copper rings, the present invention can not only perform multiple press forgings with different pressures, but also open the side clamps to vent the inside of the die during forging. There is no need for reciprocating press forging, which effectively improves the forging efficiency. At the same time, it can also effectively reduce the influence of air in the die on forging, and has the advantage of higher forging quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-precision forging die for copper castings proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic detailed view of the plan structure along one of the angles; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A detailed diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle top plate and the top mold after they are rotated to a certain angle; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic detailed view of the planar structure of the middle pressing cylinder and the upper pressing die along one of the angles; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Detailed schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure along the AA section; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A detailed schematic diagram of the structure after removing the pressing cylinder, the upper pressing die and the connecting column and rotating them at a certain angle; Figure 7 for Figure 1 An enlarged structural schematic diagram of the middle and bottom brackets and the bottom mold; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Detailed schematic diagram of the structure after removing the protective shell and rotating it to a certain angle; Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Detailed schematic diagram of the structure after removing the bottom bracket and rotating it to a certain angle; Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Detailed structural diagram of the drive module, motor, gear set and other components; Fig.11 for Fig.10 Detailed schematic diagram of the structure after being rotated to a certain angle; Fig.12 for Fig.11 The motor and gear set are removed and the structural schematic diagram after the side clamp is unfolded; Fig.13 for Fig.11 A schematic detailed view of the planar structure of the middle and bottom support assembly along one of the angles; Fig.14 for Fig.13 Detailed schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure along the BB section; Fig.15 for Fig.14 Detailed diagram of the enlarged structure after removing the bottom support mold.

[0023] In the figure: 1 top plate, 2 bottom bracket, 3 support rod, 4 top mold, 5 bottom mold, 6 motor, 7 drive module, 8 upper die, 9 pressing cylinder, 10 plate, 11 gear cylinder group, 12 gear plate, 13 screw rod, 14 nut, 15 connecting column, 16 protective shell, 17 upper movable plate, 18 lower fixed plate, 19 side clamping mold, 20 bottom support assembly, 21 limit frame, 22 first gear, 23 first rack, 24 second rack, 25 universal flexible shaft, 26 block, 27 wedge, 28 heating module, 29 column, 30 gear group, 31 telescopic rod, 32 hydraulic cylinder, 33 voltage regulator, 34 bottom support mold, 35 tray, 36 convex disk, 37 disk, 38 support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 , a high-precision forging die for copper castings, comprising a top plate 1 and a bottom bracket 2 fixedly mounted below the top plate 1 through a support rod 3, and also comprising a top die 4 fixedly mounted on the lower part of the top plate 1 and a bottom die 5 fixedly mounted on the upper part of the bottom bracket 2; The top mold 4 cooperates with the bottom mold 5, the copper casting is placed in the bottom mold 5, and then the top mold 4 is pressed to form the copper casting in the bottom mold 5. The top mold 4 is composed of a driving module 7 and an upper die 8. The driving module 7 drives the upper die 8 to move, and a limiting component is installed between the driving module 7 and the upper die 8.

[0026] When the top mold 4 is pressed, the copper ring will be squeezed in the bottom mold 5. In order to control the thickness of the copper ring, a limiter assembly is needed to limit the top mold 4 to prevent the copper ring from being deformed due to excessive pressing. The specific operation is as follows: The limiting assembly includes a connecting column 15 fixedly installed on the driving end of the driving module 7, a pressing cylinder 9 is fixedly installed on the end of the connecting column 15 away from the driving module 7, an upper pressing mold 8 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the pressing cylinder 9, a screw rod 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the inside of the pressing cylinder 9, a nut 14 is threadedly rotatably installed on the screw rod 13, a toothed disc 12 is fixedly installed on the nut 14, a circular ring is fixedly installed on the toothed disc 12, a counter plate 10 is fixedly installed on the circular ring through a plurality of pillars, and a gear cylinder group 11 meshing with the toothed disc 12 is rotatably installed on the pressing cylinder 9.

[0027] The gear cylinder group 11 is rotated to drive the gear disc 12 to rotate. The rotation of the gear disc 12 drives the nut 14 fixedly connected thereto to rotate, so that the nut 14 moves on the screw rod 13, and then the abutment plate 10 is driven to move through the ring and the support to make the abutment plate 10 cooperate with the bottom mold 5. The abutment plate 10 and the bottom mold 5 are abutted against each other. At this time, the low pressure applied by the driving module 7 will be directly transmitted to the bottom mold 5 through the abutment plate 10 instead of being applied to the copper ring. In this way, the pressure on the copper ring disappears, preventing the copper ring from being deformed due to excessive pressing.

[0028] The thickness of the gear cylinder set 11 is greater than that of the toothed disc 12 , and is smaller than the length of the screw rod 13 . A hole is provided on the pressing cylinder 9 , and one side of the gear cylinder set 11 extends from the hole to the outside of the pressing cylinder 9 .

[0029] The purpose of the thickness design here is to ensure that when the nut 14 moves, the toothed disc 12 is always engaged with the gear cylinder set 11 . The purpose of extending the gear cylinder set 11 out of the pressing cylinder 9 is to facilitate the rotation of the gear cylinder set 11 .

[0030] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is different from the embodiment 1 in that: Figure 1-Figure 2 , Figure 7-Figure 8 , Figure 11-Figure 15 The bottom mold 5 includes a lower fixed plate 18 fixedly mounted on the bottom bracket 2, an upper movable plate 17 is slidably mounted on the lower fixed plate 18, and the bottom mold 5 also includes a plurality of side clamping molds 19 and a bottom supporting assembly 20.

[0031] A circular hole is provided on the upper movable plate 17, and a sliding rod matching the circular hole is fixedly installed on the lower fixed plate 18. When the upper movable plate 17 moves, the sliding rod slides in the circular hole to limit the upper movable plate 17 and prevent the upper movable plate 17 from deflecting.

[0032] The bottom support assembly 20 includes a bottom support mold 34 fixedly mounted on the upper movable plate 17, a through hole is formed on the bottom support mold 34, a slide column is slidably mounted in the through hole, a tray 35 matched with the abutment plate 10 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the slide column, a disc 37 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the slide column, a plurality of support rods 38 are fixedly mounted on the disc 37, and a ball is rotatably mounted on the end of each support rod 38 away from the disc 37; A lug plate 36 cooperating with the ball bearing is rotatably installed in the through hole of the bottom support mold 34, a telescopic rod 31 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lug plate 36, the lower end of the telescopic rod 31 is rotatably connected to the bottom bracket 2, a motor 6 is fixedly installed on the bottom bracket 2, and the drive shaft of the motor 6 and the telescopic rod 31 are transmitted through a gear set 30.

[0033] The rotation of the driving end of the motor 6 will drive the telescopic rod 31 to rotate through the gear set 30. The rotation of the telescopic rod 31 will drive the convex plate 36 to rotate. The convex plate 36 will abut against the support rod 38, which will drive the support rod 38 to move upward, thereby driving the disc 37, the sliding column and the tray 35 to move upward. The upward movement of the tray 35 will abut against the above-mentioned abutment plate 10 to limit the pressing cylinder 9. At this time, the driving force of the driving module 7 will be directly transmitted to the bottom support mold 34, and will not directly act on the copper ring.

[0034] The purpose of the ball bearing design is to reduce friction, so that the lug plate 36 can more easily push the support rod 38 to move.

[0035] Since the upper movable plate 17 moves up and down, the lug plate 36 also moves with the upper movable plate 17 , while the bottom bracket 2 does not move, so a telescopic rod 31 is needed to connect the lug plate 36 .

[0036] Two heating modules 28 are fixedly mounted on the upper movable plate 17 , and heating ends of the two heating modules 28 extend into the interior of the upper movable plate 17 . A protective shell 16 is fixedly mounted on the bottom bracket 2 .

[0037] The heating module 28 is an existing heating device, which is used to heat the upper movable plate 17 to ensure that the temperature inside the mold is the optimal forging temperature, and has the function of improving the forging quality. The specific routing, specific structure and specific operation mode of the heating module 28 are not elaborated in detail here.

[0038] The protective shell 16 is used to cover some components, which not only has the function of preventing dust, but also can avoid potential safety hazards caused by exposed components.

[0039] Embodiment 3: This embodiment is different from the technical solution of Embodiment 2 in that: Figure 1-Figure 2 , Figure 8-Figure 10 The bottom support assembly 20 is fixedly connected to the upper movable plate 17, each side clamp 19 is slidably connected to the upper movable plate 17 through a column 29, and a force unloading assembly is installed between the upper movable plate 17 and the lower fixed plate 18, which is used to segment the forging pressure to achieve the effect of multiple pressing.

[0040] The force unloading assembly includes two hydraulic cylinders 32 fixedly installed between the lower fixed plate 18 and the upper movable plate 17 , and a voltage transformer regulator 33 is fixedly installed between the two hydraulic cylinders 32 for adjusting the amount of hydraulic oil in the two hydraulic cylinders 32 .

[0041] When the copper ring is pressed and forged, the amount of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 32 is kept unchanged. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 32 is equivalent to a fixed block, supporting the upper movable plate 17 to perform preliminary pressing and forging; After pressing and forging for a certain period of time, the amount of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 32 is gradually reduced through the variable pressure regulator 33. At this time, the upper movable plate 17 will descend together with the top die 4. During this process, the variable rate of the hydraulic oil can be controlled. If the variable rate is greater than the descending speed of the top die 4, the pressure on the copper ring will gradually decrease, otherwise it will increase; if the rate is the same, the pressure on the copper ring will be constant, and variable pressure and constant pressure forging can be performed.

[0042] Embodiment 4: This embodiment is different from the technical solution of embodiment 3 in that: Figure 1-Figure 2 , Figure 7-Figure 12 An opening and closing assembly that matches with a plurality of side clamps 19 is installed on the bottom bracket 2 and is used for opening and closing the side clamps 19 to discharge the air inside the mold.

[0043] The opening and closing assembly includes a plurality of first gears 22 rotatably mounted on the bottom bracket 2, a plurality of first racks 23 and a second rack 24 are slidably mounted on the bottom bracket 2, the plurality of first racks 23 and the second racks 24 cooperate with each other in pairs, the first racks 23 and the second racks 24 that cooperate with each other are meshed with the corresponding first gears 22, and are respectively located on both sides of the first gears 22, two adjacent first gears 22 are connected by a universal flexible shaft 25, one of the first gears 22 is also connected to the driving end of the motor 6 by a universal flexible shaft 25, and each first rack 23 cooperates with the corresponding column 29; A plurality of wedge blocks 27 cooperating with corresponding columns 29 are slidably mounted on the bottom bracket 2 , a stop block 26 cooperating with corresponding wedge blocks 27 is fixedly mounted on each second rack 24 , and a locking mechanism cooperating with the plurality of wedge blocks 27 is mounted on the bottom bracket 2 .

[0044] As the upper movable plate 17 moves downward, the column 29 also moves downward with the upper movable plate 17. Under the action of the wedge block 27, the column 29 not only moves downward, but also moves outward along the upper inclined surface of the wedge block 27, so that the side clamping mold 19 is unfolded. At this time, the side of the copper ring opens to discharge the air in the mold (because the wedge block 27 needs to withstand the pressure of the column 29, the wedge block 27 needs to be locked using a locking mechanism to transmit the pressure on the wedge block 27 to the bottom bracket 2); Then, the top mold 4 is moved upward through the driving module 7, and then the motor 6 is started. The driving end of the motor 6 drives all the first gears 22 to rotate through the universal flexible shaft 25. The rotation of the first gear 22 drives the first rack 23 and the second rack 24 to move. The movement of the first rack 23 presses the column 29 toward the middle, and the movement of the second rack 24 drives the stop block 26 to move in the opposite direction of the column 29, so that the stop block 26 is separated from the lower inclined surface of the wedge block 27, but the column 29 and the upper inclined surface of the wedge block 27 are against each other. The movement of the column 29 drives the wedge block 27 to move downward, so the stop block 26 moves horizontally along the lower inclined surface of the wedge block 27, and the wedge block 27 moves downward. As the column 29 moves toward the middle, the side clamping die 19 will continue to wrap the copper ring and perform secondary pressing forging. At this time, the air in the die is discharged, which can effectively reduce the probability of missing corners.

[0045] The locking mechanism includes a motor fixedly mounted on the lower fixing plate 18 , a limit frame 21 matched with a plurality of wedge blocks 27 is rotatably mounted on the bottom bracket 2 , and a driving end of the motor is fixedly connected to the limit frame 21 .

[0046] When press forging is performed, in order to make the column 29 press the wedge block 27, the wedge block 27 has a tendency to move. This tendency needs to be offset by the locking of the first gear 22. The locking of the first gear 22 needs to be offset by the driving end of the motor 6. Therefore, the pressing force exerted on the wedge block 27 will be directly transmitted to the driving end of the motor 6 through the first gear 22. The pressing force is large and the torque requirement of the motor 6 is high, which cannot be met by most motors 6. Therefore, during press forging, it is necessary to lock the bottom of the wedge block 27 so that the wedge block 27 cannot move. The limit frame 21 is driven by the motor to rotate so that the limit frame 21 is pressed against the bottom of the wedge block 27. At this time, the wedge block 27 is restricted by the limit frame 21 and will not move. The low pressure on the wedge block 27 will be directly transmitted to the limit frame 21, and then transmitted to the bottom bracket 2 through the limit frame 21, and will not be transmitted to the driving end of the motor 6. Therefore, damage to the motor 6 can be avoided, and an ordinary motor 6 can be used.

[0047] The ends of the column 29 and the block 26 are both arc-shaped, and balls are rotatably installed on the ends of the column 29 and the block 26. The purpose of this design is to reduce friction and make the sliding between the column 29 and the wedge block 27 smoother.

[0048] Each side clamp 19 is L-shaped. After multiple side clamps 19 are combined, the inner side fits against the side wall of the bottom support mold 34. An arc groove is opened under each side clamp 19. Multiple arc grooves form a circular hole for the telescopic rod 31 to pass through. This design can effectively improve the airtightness between the side clamp 19 and the bottom support mold 34.

[0049] The specific operation steps of this device are as follows: The calcined copper ring is placed between the bottom support mold 34 and the side clamp mold 19, and then the pressing cylinder 9 is driven downward by the driving module 7, and the pressing cylinder 9 drives the upper pressing mold 8 to move downward, and the upper pressing mold 8 will extend into the space between the bottom support mold 34 and the side clamp mold 19 and abut against the copper ring; Continue to move the pressing cylinder 9 downward, and the upper pressing die 8 will press the copper ring between the bottom supporting die 34 and the side clamping die 19 to forge the copper ring; When the copper ring is pressed and forged, the amount of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 32 is kept unchanged. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 32 is equivalent to a fixed block, supporting the upper movable plate 17 to perform preliminary pressing and forging; After forging for a certain period of time, the amount of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 32 is gradually reduced through the variable pressure regulator 33. At this time, the upper movable plate 17 will descend together with the top die 4. During this process, the variable rate of the hydraulic oil can be controlled. If the variable rate is greater than the descending speed of the top die 4, the pressure on the copper ring will gradually decrease, otherwise it will increase; if the rate is the same, the pressure on the copper ring will be constant, and variable pressure and constant pressure forging can be performed; As the upper movable plate 17 moves downward, the column 29 also moves downward with the upper movable plate 17. Under the action of the wedge block 27, the column 29 not only moves downward, but also moves outward along the upper inclined surface of the wedge block 27, so that the side clamping mold 19 is unfolded. At this time, the side of the copper ring opens to discharge the air in the mold. Then, the top mold 4 is moved upward through the driving module 7, and then the motor 6 is started. The driving end of the motor 6 drives all the first gears 22 to rotate through the universal flexible shaft 25. The rotation of the first gear 22 drives the first rack 23 and the second rack 24 to move. The movement of the first rack 23 presses the column 29 toward the middle, and the movement of the second rack 24 drives the stop block 26 to move in the opposite direction of the column 29, so that the stop block 26 is separated from the lower inclined surface of the wedge block 27, but the column 29 and the upper inclined surface of the wedge block 27 are against each other. The movement of the column 29 drives the wedge block 27 to move downward, so the stop block 26 moves horizontally along the lower inclined surface of the wedge block 27, and the wedge block 27 moves downward. As the column 29 moves toward the center, the side clamping die 19 will continue to wrap the copper ring for secondary pressing and forging.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision forging die for copper castings, comprising a top plate and a bottom bracket fixedly mounted below the top plate by a support rod, characterized in that: It also includes a top mold fixedly installed at the lower part of the top plate and a bottom mold fixedly installed at the upper part of the bottom bracket; The top mold cooperates with the bottom mold, the copper casting is placed in the bottom mold, and then the top mold is pressed to form the copper casting in the bottom mold. The top mold is composed of a driving module and an upper die. The driving module drives the upper die to move, and a limit position assembly is installed between the driving module and the upper die. The bottom die includes a lower fixed plate fixedly mounted on the bottom bracket, an upper movable plate is slidably mounted on the lower fixed plate, the bottom die also includes multiple side clamps and a bottom support assembly, the bottom support assembly is fixedly connected to the upper movable plate, each side clamp is slidably connected to the upper movable plate through a column, a force unloading assembly is installed between the upper movable plate and the lower fixed plate, which is used to segment the forging pressure to achieve the effect of multiple pressings, and an opening and closing assembly that cooperates with multiple side clamps is installed on the bottom bracket, which is used for opening and closing the side clamps to discharge the air inside the mold.

2. The high-precision forging die for copper castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting assembly includes a connecting column fixedly installed at the driving end of the driving module, a pressing cylinder is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting column away from the driving module, an upper pressing mold is fixedly installed at the lower end of the pressing cylinder, a screw rod is fixedly installed on the top of the inside of the pressing cylinder, a nut is rotatably installed on the screw rod, a gear disk is fixedly installed on the nut, a circular ring is fixedly installed on the gear disk, a resist plate is fixedly installed on the circular ring through multiple pillars, and a gear cylinder group meshing with the gear disk is rotatably installed on the pressing cylinder.

3. The high-precision forging die for copper castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the gear cylinder group is greater than that of the toothed disc, and is less than the length of the screw rod. A hole is provided on the pressing cylinder, and one side of the gear cylinder group extends from the hole to the outside of the pressing cylinder.

4. The high-precision forging die for copper castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom support assembly includes a bottom support mold fixedly mounted on the upper movable plate, a through hole is opened on the bottom support mold, a sliding column is slidably mounted in the through hole, a tray matched with the abutment plate is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the sliding column, a disc is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the sliding column, a plurality of support rods are fixedly mounted on the disc, and a ball is rotatably mounted on the end of each support rod away from the disc; A convex plate matching with the ball bearing is rotatably installed in the through hole of the bottom support mold, a telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the convex plate, the lower end of the telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the bottom bracket, a motor is fixedly installed on the bottom bracket, and the motor drive shaft and the telescopic rod are transmitted through a gear set.

5. The high-precision forging die for copper castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force unloading assembly comprises two hydraulic cylinders fixedly installed between a lower fixed plate and an upper movable plate, and a voltage transformer regulator is fixedly installed between the two hydraulic cylinders for adjusting the amount of hydraulic oil in the two hydraulic cylinders.

6. The high-precision forging die for copper castings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The opening and closing assembly includes a plurality of first gears rotatably mounted on a bottom bracket, a plurality of first racks and a second rack are slidably mounted on the bottom bracket, the plurality of first racks and the second racks cooperate with each other in pairs, the first racks and the second racks that cooperate with each other are meshed with the corresponding first gears, and are respectively located on both sides of the first gears, two adjacent first gears are connected by a universal flexible shaft, one of the first gears is also connected to the motor drive end by a universal flexible shaft, and each first rack cooperates with the corresponding column; A plurality of wedge blocks matched with corresponding columns are slidably mounted on the bottom bracket, a stop block matched with corresponding wedge blocks is fixedly mounted on each second rack, and a locking mechanism matched with multiple wedge blocks is mounted on the bottom bracket.

7. The high-precision forging die for copper castings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking mechanism comprises a motor fixedly mounted on a lower fixed plate, a limiting frame matched with a plurality of wedge blocks is rotatably mounted on a bottom bracket, and a driving end of the motor is fixedly connected to the limiting frame.

8. The high-precision forging die for copper castings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ends of the column and the butt block are both arc-shaped, and round balls are rotatably mounted on the ends of the column and the butt block.

9. The high-precision forging die for copper castings according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each side clamp is L-shaped. After multiple side clamps are combined, the inner side fits the side wall of the bottom support mold. An arc groove is opened under each side clamp, and multiple arc grooves form a circular hole for the passage of the telescopic rod.

10. The high-precision forging die for copper castings according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two heating modules are fixedly installed on the upper movable plate, and the heating sections of the two heating modules extend into the interior of the upper movable plate. A protective shell is fixedly installed on the bottom bracket.

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