Preparation method of high-performance foamed aluminum composite aluminum casting

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-performance foamed aluminum composite aluminum casting. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, foaming; s1.1, melting aluminum to obtain an aluminum melt; s1.2, adding a tackifier into the aluminum melt, wherein the tackifying temperature is 730-750 DEG C; s1.3, the stirring speed for the first time is 1200-1500 r / min, and stirring is conducted for 100-120 s; performing secondary stirring at the speed of 600-900r / min for 60-90s after the stirring is completed; s1.4, after secondary stirring is completed, a foaming agent is added, and the foaming temperature is 660-700 DEG C; s1.5, the aluminum melt is stirred for the third time, the stirring speed ranges from 500 r / min to 800 r / min, and stirring is conducted for 90 s to 120 s; s1.6, the aluminum melt mixed liquid is poured into an aluminum ingot groove, and a precursor is obtained after cooling; s1.7, the precursor is placed in a foamed aluminum mold; s1.8, the foamed aluminum mold is heated, and the heating temperature ranges from 650 DEG C to 700 DEG C; keeping the temperature for 5 to 10 minutes; s2, casting; s2.1, the foamed aluminum special-shaped part is cleaned and aired; s2.2, the foamed aluminum special-shaped part is coated with scaling powder; s2.3, the foamed aluminum special-shaped part is cast; according to the foamed aluminum composite aluminum casting produced through the method, the impact resistance and the shock absorption and energy absorption performance are guaranteed while the requirement for light weight of an automobile is met, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of foam aluminum preparation, and in particular to a method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting. Background Art

[0002] Since the 21st century, against the backdrop of accelerating economic globalization and technological progress, the world's automobile industry, especially my country's automobile industry, has entered a period of rapid development. However, the huge scale of automobile production and consumption has brought about a severe energy security situation and huge environmental protection pressure. This has determined that the automobile industry must take the path of developing new energy vehicles and achieving lightweight vehicles.

[0003] Lightweighting of automobiles is a fast and effective way to deal with the global energy crisis and improve environmental problems. At present, the more practical lightweighting of automobiles is mainly achieved in three ways: lightweighting of materials, using high-strength and lightweight materials such as aluminum-magnesium alloys, composite materials, and carbon fibers. Among them, aluminum alloy materials are sought after by many industries such as automobiles, rail transportation, machinery, aerospace, and military industry due to their low density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, excellent thermal conductivity, easy processing, recyclability, and moderate price; lightweighting of structures, including thin-walling, integration, and hollowing, among which hollowing can effectively improve the overall strength, toughness, and other mechanical properties of parts under the premise of significantly reducing wall thickness; lightweighting of manufacturing processes, including advanced forming processes such as casting and internal high pressure, and advanced connection processes such as laser welding, self-piercing riveting, crimping, and bonding. As a traditional near-net forming process, casting still plays an irreplaceable role in the production of automotive parts.

[0004] Aluminum alloy cavity castings are an effective way to achieve lightweight design requirements while maintaining mechanical properties. In recent years, they have received great attention from OEMs, parts suppliers, and scientific researchers. At present, the production process of aluminum alloy cavity castings is gravity or low-pressure casting with built-in sand cores. Different sand core preparation processes may have one or more disadvantages: long process, complex operation, environmental pollution, large investment, high cost, low timeliness, etc., which will reduce the production efficiency and pass rate of castings, increase production costs, and make the products lose competitiveness.

[0005] Foamed aluminum is made by adding additives to pure aluminum or aluminum alloy and then going through a foaming process. It has the characteristics of both metal and bubbles, and has many advantages such as low density, high impact absorption, high temperature resistance, strong fire resistance, corrosion resistance, sound insulation and noise reduction, low thermal conductivity, high electromagnetic shielding, strong weather resistance and recyclability. It has broad application prospects in today's materials field and is a very promising functional material, especially in the automotive industry, transportation industry, aerospace industry and building structure industry.

[0006] The combination of aluminum alloy cavity castings and foamed aluminum not only meets the requirements of lightweight automobile design in many aspects, but also improves the overall strength, toughness and impact resistance of components.

[0007] Existing methods for preparing foamed aluminum, such as CN105624451A, disclose a high-strength and high-toughness closed-cell foamed aluminum and a preparation method thereof. The density of the foamed aluminum is 0.4-1g / cm3, the average size of the pores is 2-5mm, and the pore walls are composed of an aluminum matrix and reinforcement particles uniformly dispersed therein, and the reinforcement particles and the aluminum matrix form a high-strength metallurgical interface. First, the aluminum matrix powder, reinforcement particles and foaming agent particles are uniformly mixed and cold-pressed into a rough blank, and the rough blank is heat-degassed by vacuum heat and then heat-deformed to form a foamable preform, which is heated and foamed to obtain foamed aluminum. The foamed aluminum composite aluminum castings prepared by the existing technology cannot meet the requirements of lightweighting of automobiles while ensuring impact resistance and shock absorption. In addition, the mixing process of the aluminum matrix powder and the reinforcement particles is long and the production efficiency is low.

[0008] Therefore, those skilled in the art urgently need to provide a method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting that meets the requirements of lightweighting of automobiles while ensuring impact resistance and shock absorption and energy absorption, and improving production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0010] A method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting comprises the following steps:

[0011] S1: Foaming;

[0012] S1.1: heating aluminum to 700-750°C to melt and obtain aluminum melt;

[0013] S1.2: adding a tackifier to the aluminum melt, wherein the amount of the tackifier added is 0.2-5.0% of the mass of the aluminum melt, and the tackifying temperature is 730-750° C.; obtaining an aluminum melt containing the tackifier;

[0014] S1.3: Stir the aluminum melt containing the tackifier twice; the first stirring speed is 1200-1500r / min, and the stirring time is 100-120s; after the first stirring is completed, the second stirring is performed, and the second stirring speed is 600-900r / min, and the stirring time is 60-90s;

[0015] S1.4: adding a foaming agent to the aluminum melt after the second stirring, wherein the amount of the foaming agent added is 0.8-2% of the mass of the aluminum melt, and the foaming temperature is 660-700° C.; obtaining an aluminum melt containing a foaming agent;

[0016] S1.5: stirring the aluminum melt containing the foaming agent for the third time, the stirring speed is 500-800r / min, and the stirring time is 90-120s; after the third stirring is completed, an aluminum melt mixed liquid is obtained;

[0017] S1.6: pouring the aluminum melt mixture into several aluminum ingot tanks in sequence, and obtaining a precursor of a predetermined shape after natural cooling;

[0018] S1.7: Placing a plurality of the precursors in a foam aluminum mold according to the shape and size of the foam aluminum shaped part;

[0019] S1.8: heating the entire foam aluminum mold to a temperature of 650-700°C; the heat preservation time is 5-10 minutes; cooling after the heat preservation is completed to obtain a foam aluminum special-shaped part;

[0020] S2: casting;

[0021] S2.1: Clean the foam aluminum special-shaped parts at least three times and dry them after cleaning;

[0022] S2.2: spraying flux on the surface of the dried foamed aluminum shaped part, wherein the flux is a 1-2% potassium fluorozirconate aqueous solution;

[0023] S2.3: Put the foam aluminum special-shaped part into a casting mold for casting. After the casting is completed, a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting is obtained.

[0024] Preferably, the viscosity enhancer contains Ca; the amount of the Ca-containing viscosity enhancer added is 1.5% of the mass of the aluminum melt, and the viscosity enhancing temperature is 750°C; an aluminum melt containing the Ca-containing viscosity enhancer is obtained; the aluminum melt containing the Ca-containing viscosity enhancer is stirred twice; the first stirring speed is 1500 r / min, and the stirring time is 120 s; after the first stirring is completed, a second stirring is performed, and the second stirring speed is 900 r / min, and the stirring time is 90 s.

[0025] Preferably, the foaming agent is TiH 2 ; After the second stirring, add TiH 2 , the TiH 2 The amount of addition is 1.8% of the mass of the aluminum melt, and the foaming temperature is 690°C; 2 Aluminum melt containing TiH 2 The aluminum melt is stirred for the third time, the stirring speed of the third time is 800r / min, and the stirring time is 120s.

[0026] Preferably, the foamed aluminum shaped part of S2.1 is cleaned with a 10% by mass citric acid solution, a 5-10% by mass NaOH solution and clean water in sequence.

[0027] Preferably, before foaming in S1, the foam aluminum mold is preheated to 600°C-700°C; in S1.8, the foam aluminum mold containing the precursor is heated as a whole, the heating temperature is 660°C-700°C, the insulation time is 6-8 minutes, and after the insulation is completed, it is cooled to room temperature by strong wind to obtain a foam aluminum special-shaped part.

[0028] Preferably, the aluminum is an aluminum alloy or pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy ingot or aluminum waste or aluminum chips or an aluminum pouring riser.

[0029] Preferably, the casting is gravity casting, low pressure casting or differential pressure casting.

[0030] Preferably, the density of the foam aluminum special-shaped part is 0.2-0.5 g / cm3.

[0031] Preferably, the heating temperature of the foam aluminum mold is 660°C.

[0032] Preferably, the insulation time of the foam aluminum mold is 6 minutes.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The foamed aluminum composite aluminum casting produced by the preparation method of the present invention has the advantages of aluminum alloy, cavity structure and foamed aluminum, and the overall strength is greatly improved; while reducing the overall weight, the impact resistance and shock absorption and energy absorption of the casting are also improved.

[0035] 2. Compared with the casting process of traditional aluminum alloy cavity parts, it eliminates the processes of sand vibration, sand falling, sand blowing and sand recovery, which not only realizes a short process, but also reduces the cost of equipment, labor and management, and further improves production efficiency.

[0036] 3. The transformation of casting functionality reduces the noise and vibration of the entire vehicle in the automotive industry, and improves the driving experience; the shortening of the casting process will also significantly reduce costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0038] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control arm of the foamed aluminum composite aluminum casting of the vehicle chassis of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foam aluminum special-shaped part of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the control arm of the foamed aluminum composite aluminum casting of the vehicle chassis of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1: Foaming;

[0046] S1.1: heating aluminum to 700-750°C to melt and obtain aluminum melt;

[0047] S1.2: adding a tackifier to the aluminum melt, wherein the amount of the tackifier added is 0.2-5.0% of the mass of the aluminum melt, and the tackifying temperature is 730-750° C.; obtaining an aluminum melt containing the tackifier;

[0048] S1.3: Stir the aluminum melt containing the tackifier twice; the first stirring speed is 1200-1500r / min, and the stirring time is 100-120s; after the first stirring is completed, the second stirring is performed, and the second stirring speed is 600-900r / min, and the stirring time is 60-90s;

[0049] S1.4: adding a foaming agent to the aluminum melt after the second stirring, wherein the amount of the foaming agent added is 0.8-2% of the mass of the aluminum melt, and the foaming temperature is 660-700° C.; obtaining an aluminum melt containing a foaming agent;

[0050] S1.5: stirring the aluminum melt containing the foaming agent for the third time, the stirring speed is 500-800r / min, and the stirring time is 90-120s; after the third stirring is completed, an aluminum melt mixed liquid is obtained;

[0051] S1.6: pouring the aluminum melt mixture into several aluminum ingot tanks in sequence, and obtaining a precursor of a predetermined shape after natural cooling;

[0052] S1.7: Placing a plurality of the precursors in a foam aluminum mold according to the shape and size of the foam aluminum shaped part;

[0053] S1.8: heating the entire foam aluminum mold to a temperature of 650-700°C; the heat preservation time is 5-10 minutes; cooling after the heat preservation is completed to obtain a foam aluminum special-shaped part;

[0054] S2: casting;

[0055] S2.1: Clean the foam aluminum special-shaped parts at least three times and dry them after cleaning;

[0056] S2.2: spraying flux on the surface of the dried foamed aluminum shaped part, wherein the flux is a 1-2% potassium fluorozirconate aqueous solution;

[0057] S2.3: Put the foam aluminum special-shaped part into a casting mold for casting. After the casting is completed, a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting is obtained.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the thickener contains Ca; the amount of the Ca-containing thickener added is 1.5% of the mass of the aluminum melt, and the thickening temperature is 750°C; an aluminum melt containing the Ca-containing thickener is obtained; the aluminum melt containing the Ca-containing thickener is stirred twice; the first stirring speed is 1500r / min, and the stirring time is 120s; after the first stirring is completed, the second stirring is performed, the second stirring speed is 900r / min, and the stirring time is 90s, and the stirring is uniform after the stirring time is completed; Ca is metallic calcium, and metallic calcium increases the viscosity of the aluminum melt to prevent the escape or combination growth of bubbles during the foaming process, thereby ensuring uniform distribution of bubbles and moderate porosity. Specifically, the addition of metallic calcium can make the pore size uniformity of the foamed aluminum high, the bubble distribution uniform, and the thickening effect obvious; the Ca-containing thickener is a calcium alloy or calcium particles or calcium powder.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the first stirring speed is faster to quickly disperse the thickener, otherwise it will aggregate and react to cause segregation; the second stirring speed is slower to allow the thickener to fully contact with the aluminum liquid, otherwise segregation will occur if the speed is too fast.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the foaming agent is TiH2 ; After the second stirring, add TiH 2 , the TiH 2 The amount of addition is 1.8% of the mass of the aluminum melt, and the foaming temperature is 690°C; 2 Aluminum melt containing TiH 2 The aluminum melt is stirred for the third time, the stirring speed is 800r / min, the stirring time is 120s, and the stirring is uniform after the stirring time is completed; TiH 2 It is titanium hydride.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, before the foaming, the foamed aluminum shaped part of S2.1 is cleaned with a citric acid solution with a mass fraction of 10%, a NaOH solution with a mass fraction of 5-10%, and clean water in sequence.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, before foaming, S1 preheats the aluminum foam mold to 600°C-700°C; S1.8 heats the aluminum foam mold with the precursor placed therein as a whole, the heating temperature is 660°C-700°C, the insulation time is 6-8min, and after the insulation is completed, it is cooled to room temperature by strong wind to obtain an aluminum foam shaped part.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, the aluminum is aluminum alloy or pure aluminum or aluminum alloy ingot or aluminum waste or aluminum chips or aluminum pouring riser; the casting is gravity casting or low pressure casting or differential pressure casting; the density of the foam aluminum special-shaped part is 0.2-0.5g / cm3; the heating temperature of the foam aluminum mold is 660°C; the insulation time of the foam aluminum mold is 6min.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the purpose of the density range is to fully utilize the characteristics of foamed aluminum while maintaining lightweight; in the prior art, too high density corresponds to small bubble diameter and thick wall, and low density corresponds to large bubble diameter and thin wall; too high density will significantly increase the weight of the product, and too low density will easily cause rupture during the foaming process, resulting in foaming failure; the density of foamed aluminum is achieved by controlling the temperature, time, viscosity enhancer and amount of foaming agent added during the preparation process.

[0065] like Figure 2-4As shown, the overall strength of the foam aluminum composite aluminum casting produced by the preparation method of the present invention will be greatly improved; at the same time, the wall thickness of the casting can be appropriately reduced to ensure that the overall weight does not increase, and the impact resistance, shock absorption and energy absorption of the casting will be improved; compared with the casting process of traditional aluminum alloy cavity parts, the processes of sand vibration, sand falling, sand blowing and sand recovery are omitted, which not only realizes a short process, but also reduces the cost of equipment, labor and management, and further improves production efficiency; the functional transformation of castings reduces the noise and vibration of the whole vehicle for the automotive industry, and the driving experience is improved.

[0066] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below; if no specific conditions are specified in the embodiments, the process is carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer; if the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0067] The following is a detailed description of a specific embodiment of a method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting of the present invention.

[0068] Embodiment 1:

[0069] like Figure 1-4 The foam aluminum composite aluminum casting control arm for a certain car chassis has a casting size of 530*490*103mm, the alloy used is A356, the weight is 4.38kg, and the basic wall thickness is 6mm; Figure 1 As shown, the red dotted box in the figure is the foam aluminum filling position; the foam aluminum is filled, the outer dimensions are 300*150*150mm, the material is pure aluminum, the weight is 0.45kg, and the equal volume density is 0.2-0.4g / cm3; Figure 2 As shown, a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting is finally obtained.

[0070] A356 alloy is an aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy, which belongs to cast aluminum alloy; the Si content is 6.5%-7.5%, which can increase the fluidity of aluminum, improve casting performance, and reduce the melting point of the melt; the Mg content is 0.25%-0.45%, which reacts with Si to form Mg 2 Si can improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy; Fe content ≤ 0.20%, too high a content will react with aluminum and silicon to form Al 9 Fe 2 Si 2, which has an adverse effect on the mechanical properties; Ti content ≤0.20%, which can act as a heterogeneous crystal nucleus to promote grain refinement and improve the strength and toughness of the alloy; Mn content ≤0.10%, the main function of Mn is to improve the strength and hardness of the alloy, and at the same time improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy to a certain extent; Zn content ≤0.10%, Zn can play a strengthening role in the alloy, which can improve the strength and hardness of the alloy, and an appropriate amount of zinc helps to improve the casting performance and mechanical properties of the alloy; Cu ≤0.20%, copper can improve the strength, hardness and heat resistance of the alloy, but will reduce the corrosion resistance of the alloy; the rest is Al.

[0071] First, preheat the aluminum foam mold to 650°C;

[0072] S1: Foaming;

[0073] S1.1: heat pure aluminum to 700-750°C to melt and obtain aluminum melt;

[0074] S1.2: Adding a Ca-containing viscosity enhancer to the aluminum melt in an amount of 1.5% of the mass of the aluminum melt and a viscosity enhancing temperature of 750° C. to obtain an aluminum melt containing the Ca-containing viscosity enhancer;

[0075] S1.3: The aluminum melt containing the Ca-containing viscosity enhancer is stirred twice; the first stirring speed is 1500r / min, and the stirring time is 120s; after the first stirring is completed, the second stirring is performed, and the second stirring speed is 900r / min, and the stirring time is 90s;

[0076] S1.4: Add the foaming agent TiH to the aluminum melt after the second stirring. 2 The addition amount is 1.8% of the aluminum melt mass, the foaming temperature is 690℃, and the foaming agent TiH 2 of molten aluminum;

[0077] S1.5: Add the foaming agent TiH 2 The aluminum melt is stirred for the third time, with a stirring speed of 800 r / min and a stirring time of 120 s; after the third stirring is uniform, an aluminum melt mixed liquid is obtained;

[0078] S1.6: pouring the aluminum melt mixture into several aluminum ingot tanks in sequence, and obtaining a precursor of a predetermined shape after natural cooling;

[0079] S1.7: According to the shape and size of the foam aluminum special-shaped parts, place 10 precursors into the foam aluminum mold.

[0080] S1.8: The entire foam aluminum mold is heated to 660° C., the heat preservation time is 6 minutes, and the foam aluminum mold is rapidly cooled to obtain a foam aluminum special-shaped part;

[0081] S2: casting;

[0082] S2.1: The foamed aluminum shaped parts are cleaned with a 10% by mass citric acid solution, a 5-10% by mass NaOH solution and clean water in sequence, and then dried;

[0083] S2.2: spraying flux on the surface of the dried foamed aluminum shaped part, wherein the flux is a 1-2% potassium fluorozirconate aqueous solution;

[0084] S2.3: Put the foam aluminum special-shaped part into a casting mold for casting, and the casting process is low-pressure casting to obtain a foam aluminum composite aluminum casting control arm of a certain vehicle chassis.

[0085] In this embodiment, the volume density of foamed aluminum is 0.2-0.4g / cm3, which is achieved by controlling the temperature, time, amount and order of addition of viscosity enhancer and foaming agent in the above preparation process; the volume density of foamed aluminum produced by the preparation method of foamed aluminum in the prior art is generally 0.4-1g / cm3, and too high density is not conducive to the lightweight requirement of time demand; the foamed aluminum produced by the preparation method of the present invention ensures the impact resistance and shock absorption and energy absorption of the foamed aluminum composite aluminum casting while making the vehicle lightweight.

[0086] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0087] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1: Foaming; S1.1: heating aluminum to 700-750°C to melt and obtain aluminum melt; S1.2: adding a tackifier to the aluminum melt, wherein the amount of the tackifier added is 0.2-5.0% of the mass of the aluminum melt, and the tackifying temperature is 730-750° C.; obtaining an aluminum melt containing the tackifier; S1.3: Stir the aluminum melt containing the tackifier twice; the first stirring speed is 1200-1500r / min, and the stirring time is 100-120s; after the first stirring is completed, the second stirring is performed, and the second stirring speed is 600-900r / min, and the stirring time is 60-90s; S1.4: adding a foaming agent to the aluminum melt after the second stirring; the amount of the foaming agent added is 0.8-2% of the mass of the aluminum melt, and the foaming temperature is 660-700° C.; obtaining an aluminum melt containing a foaming agent; S1.5: stirring the aluminum melt containing the foaming agent for the third time, the stirring speed is 500-800r / min, and the stirring time is 90-120s; after the third stirring is completed, an aluminum melt mixed liquid is obtained; S1.6: pouring the aluminum melt mixture into several aluminum ingot tanks in sequence, and obtaining a precursor of a predetermined shape after natural cooling; S1.7: Placing a plurality of the precursors in a foam aluminum mold according to the shape and size of the foam aluminum shaped part; S1.8: heating the entire foam aluminum mold to a temperature of 650-700°C; the heat preservation time is 5-10 minutes; cooling after the heat preservation is completed to obtain a foam aluminum special-shaped part; S2: casting; S2.1: Clean the foam aluminum special-shaped parts at least three times and dry them after cleaning; S2.2: spraying flux on the surface of the dried foamed aluminum shaped part, wherein the flux is a 1-2% potassium fluorozirconate aqueous solution; S2.3: Put the foam aluminum special-shaped part into a casting mold for casting. After the casting is completed, a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting is obtained.

2. The method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The viscosity enhancer contains Ca; The amount of Ca-containing viscosity enhancer added is 1.5% of the mass of the aluminum melt, and the viscosity enhancement temperature is 750° C.; an aluminum melt containing the Ca-containing viscosity enhancer is obtained; The aluminum melt containing the Ca-containing viscosity enhancer was stirred twice; the first stirring speed was 1500 r / min, and the stirring time was 120 s; after the first stirring was completed, the second stirring was performed, and the second stirring speed was 900 r / min, and the stirring time was 90 s.

3. The method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foaming agent is TiH2; After the second stirring, TiH2 is added to the aluminum melt, wherein the amount of TiH2 added is 1.8% of the mass of the aluminum melt, and the foaming temperature is 690° C.; thereby obtaining an aluminum melt containing TiH2; The aluminum melt containing TiH2 is stirred for the third time, with a stirring speed of 800 r / min and a stirring time of 120 s.

4. The method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foamed aluminum shaped parts of S2.1 are cleaned with a 10% by mass citric acid solution, a 5-10% by mass NaOH solution and clean water in turn.

5. The method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1 Before foaming, preheat the foam aluminum mold to 600℃-700℃; S1.8 Heat the entire aluminum foam mold containing the precursor at 660°C-700°C for 6-8 minutes. After the insulation is completed, cool it to room temperature with strong wind to obtain an aluminum foam special-shaped part.

6. The method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum is aluminum alloy, pure aluminum, aluminum alloy ingot, aluminum waste, aluminum chips, or aluminum pouring riser.

7. The method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The casting is gravity casting, low pressure casting or differential pressure casting.

8. The method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The density of the foam aluminum special-shaped part is 0.2-0.5g / cm3.

9. The method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating temperature of the foam aluminum mold is 660°C.

10. The method for preparing a high-performance foam aluminum composite aluminum casting according to claim 9, characterized in that: The insulation time of the foam aluminum mold is 6 minutes.

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