A silt removal and dredging device for water conservancy projects

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of river channel management, and provides a silt clearing and anti-silt dredging device for water conservancy projects, wherein a travel drive unit is provided with a silt collection box and a silt dry-wet separation device; a front shovel edge is provided at the front end of the bottom wall of the main bucket of the silt shoveling unit; the main reamer of the silt crushing unit includes a plurality of reamer units arranged horizontally above the bottom wall of the main bucket, the cutter bars are arranged longitudinally and the rear ends are rotatably connected to the rear wall, the rear ends of the cutter bars are drive-connected to the rotating mechanism, and a cutter head is provided at the front end near the front shovel edge; the suction end of the silt suction pump of the silt suction unit is connected to the inside of the U-shaped collection structure of the main shovel body, and the discharge end is connected to the silt collection box through a telescopic tube body; the dredging control unit controls the silt shoveling unit to collect bottom silt, and the silt crushing unit crushes the large-volume impurities therein, and then the silt is sucked into the silt dry-wet separation device for separation and treatment through the silt suction unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of river regulation, and in particular to a silt clearing and dredging device for water conservancy projects. Background Art

[0002] After a river flows for a long time, a large amount of silt will accumulate at the bottom. In addition, debris such as weeds, branches, and leaves will fall into the riverbed over time, raising the riverbed height. To restore the normal function of the river, the silt needs to be cleared and dredged.

[0003] Common dredging methods include excavator dredging and suction pump dredging. On the one hand, during dredging with an excavator, the depth of the excavated river channel is relatively shallow. When excavation is required in a deeper river channel area, a certain vessel is required to place the excavator on the vessel. The equipment is large in size and has a small depth adaptability range. In addition, the excavator excavates the river channel, the silt becomes loose in the water, and leaks during the excavation process. The thinner silt cannot be completely excavated, resulting in low efficiency and poor cleaning effect. When the river is an artificial river with a sloping embankment, the existing excavator bucket cannot adapt to the sloping embankment. On the other hand, dredging with a suction pump generally requires filling cofferdams to block the river channel in sections, pumping water, and using a sewage pump to suck the silt. However, large weeds, branches, and leaves mixed in the silt cannot be sucked up with the silt, and entering the silt can easily cause clogging of the sewage pump, making the dredging process impossible.

[0004] Therefore, existing excavator excavation and silt removal and suction pump silt removal are not suitable for the dredging project of the silt containing weeds, branches and leaves. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the present invention provides a silt removal and dredging device for water conservancy projects, which can adapt to river bottoms of different depths and bottom inclination directions, and efficiently remove silt containing debris such as weeds, branches and leaves.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: a silt clearing and anti-silt dredging device for water conservancy projects, including a travel drive unit, a silt shoveling unit, a silt crushing unit, a silt suction unit and a silt clearing control unit.

[0007] The traveling drive unit moves on the construction water surface and is equipped with a silt collection box and a silt dry-wet separation device. The traveling drive unit drives the connected silt shoveling unit, silt crushing unit and silt suction unit to move along the construction range and collects the silt shoveled by the silt shoveling unit and sucked up by the silt suction unit.

[0008] The sludge shoveling unit includes a main shovel bucket movably connected to the front end of the traveling drive unit. The bottom wall, rear wall, and top wall of the main shovel bucket enclose a U-shaped collection structure with an opening facing forward. A front shovel edge is provided at the front end of the bottom wall. The main shovel bucket is driven by the traveling drive unit to move forward along the bottom of the water, and the sludge at the bottom of the water enters the U-shaped collection structure.

[0009] The sludge crushing unit includes a main reamer and a rotating mechanism. The main reamer includes multiple ones that are horizontally arrayed above the bottom wall of the main shovel bucket. The shanks of each main reamer are arranged longitudinally and the rear ends are rotatably connected to the rear wall of the main shovel body. The rear ends of each shank are drivingly connected to the rotating mechanism, and the front ends are provided with cutter heads near the front shovel edge. Under the action of the sludge suction pump, the sludge shoveled by the main shovel bucket remains at the suction end of the suction pump. At the same time, weeds, branches, leaves, etc. in the mixture also flow towards the suction end of the suction pump. During this process, the rotating mechanism drives the main reamer to rotate to crush the weeds, branches, leaves, etc. doped in the sludge, so that the sludge suction pump can suck in the crushed impurities as described above, avoiding the inability to remove the underwater impurities as described above, and also preventing the problem that large-volume weeds, branches, leaves, etc. block the sludge suction pump and cause the dredging operation to be unable to proceed continuously.

[0010] The sludge suction unit includes a sludge suction pump and a telescopic pipe body. The suction end of the sludge suction pump is connected to the inside of the U-shaped collection structure, and the discharge end is connected to the sludge collection tank through the telescopic pipe body. The sludge suction pump can be a centrifugal sewage suction pump or a reciprocating linear pump, etc., and can accommodate the suction of small-volume impurities.

[0011] The dredging control unit is controllably connected to the sludge shoveling unit, the sludge crushing unit, and the sludge suction unit. During the process of the traveling drive unit driving the sludge shoveling unit to move forward along the bottom of the water, the dredging control unit controls the sludge shoveling unit to collect the sludge at the bottom of the water, sucks it into the sludge dry-wet separation device through the sludge suction unit for separation treatment, and crushes the large-volume impurities in it through the sludge crushing unit during the inflow of the sludge.

[0012] Further, the sludge shoveling unit further includes auxiliary shovel buckets arranged on the lateral sides of the main shovel bucket. The auxiliary shovel bucket includes a rear wall and a bottom wall that are vertically connected. The rear wall of the auxiliary shovel bucket is flush with the rear wall of the main shovel bucket, and the bottom wall extends forward and is provided with a front shovel edge that extends the same as the front shovel edge of the main shovel bucket.

[0013] Further, the sludge crushing unit further includes auxiliary reamers arranged on the auxiliary shovel buckets. The auxiliary reamers include multiple ones that are horizontally arrayed above the bottom wall of the auxiliary shovel bucket. The shanks of each auxiliary reamer extend longitudinally and the rear ends are rotatably connected to the rear wall of the shovel body. The rear ends of each shank are drivingly connected to the rotating mechanism, and the front ends are provided with cutter heads near the front shovel edge.

[0014] Furthermore, each of the auxiliary buckets is hinged to the main bucket through an outer hinge arranged longitudinally of the rotating shaft. An adjusting cylinder is provided between the rear wall of the main bucket and the rear wall of the auxiliary bucket. The cylinder body of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the rear wall of the main bucket through an upper hinge, and the movable rod of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the rear wall of the auxiliary bucket through a lower hinge.

[0015] Furthermore, a first side shovel edge is provided on the outer side of the bottom wall of the main bucket, and a second side shovel edge is provided on the inner side of the bottom wall of the auxiliary bucket. The first side shovel edge and the second side shovel edge are arranged opposite to each other and form a mutually cooperating shearing mechanism when combined.

[0016] Furthermore, the main bucket is driven and connected to the auxiliary bucket on the left through a first adjusting cylinder, and is driven and connected to another auxiliary bucket on the right through a second adjusting cylinder. The first adjusting cylinder and the second adjusting cylinder are independently telescopically controlled to independently control the inclination angles of the two auxiliary buckets relative to the main bucket. The dredging control unit is control-connected to the first adjusting cylinder and the second adjusting cylinder to adapt to driving the two auxiliary buckets to tilt and adapt to the different inclination angles of the hard ground at the bottom of the water surface.

[0017] Furthermore, the cutter head includes cutting knives and crushing knives arranged at intervals in the front and rear directions, the cutting knives include multiple rows arranged at intervals along the length direction of the cutter rod at the front end of the cutter rod, and each row of cutting knives has multiple rows of blades evenly distributed along the circumference, and the crushing knives include multiple rows arranged at intervals along the length direction of the cutter rod in the middle part of the cutter rod, and each row of crushing knives has multiple rows of blades evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0018] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a main motor arranged on the upper part of the rear wall of the main bucket, the main motor is driven and connected to the main reamer in the middle of the main bucket through a first transmission belt, and each adjacent main reamer is connected by a second transmission belt; the main reamer arranged on the outermost side of the main bucket is coaxially arranged with the outer hinge, and the outermost main reamer and the adjacent auxiliary reamers, as well as the adjacent auxiliary reamers, are connected by a third transmission belt.

[0019] Furthermore, a lifting cylinder is provided between the travel drive unit and the main bucket, the cylinder body of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the travel drive unit and extends vertically downward, the movable rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the main bucket, the telescopic tube body is arranged parallel to the lifting cylinder and includes a multi-section tube body that is movably plugged in, the sludge suction pump is provided on the top of the main bucket, the lowermost end of the telescopic tube body is connected to the discharge end of the sludge suction pump, and the uppermost tube section is connected to the sludge dry-wet separation device.

[0020] Further, the sludge dry-wet separation device includes a sludge-water separation mechanism. The input end of the sludge collection tank is connected to the upper end of the telescopic pipe body. The sludge-water separation mechanism includes a filter screen and a centrifugal separator. The output end of the sludge collection tank is connected to the input end of the centrifugal separator through a pipeline. The filter screen is arranged at the output end of the sludge collection tank. The solid output end of the centrifugal separator is connected to the solid collection tank arranged on the traveling drive unit, and a discharge pipeline is arranged at the liquid output end.

[0021] Compared with the existing dredging and sludge suction pump dredging of excavators, the technical advantages of a dredging, silt prevention and dredging device for water conservancy projects provided are at least reflected in:

[0022] 1. The traveling drive unit drives the main bucket to move forward along the bottom of the water. When the sludge at the bottom of the water enters the U-shaped collection structure and the sludge shoveled by the main bucket and the weeds, branches, leaves, etc. mixed in it flow towards the suction end of the sludge suction pump, the rotating mechanism drives the main cutter and the auxiliary cutter to rotate at high speed to crush the weeds, branches, leaves, etc. mixed in the sludge, so that the sludge suction pump can suck the crushed impurities, preventing large-volume impurities from blocking the sludge suction pump and enabling the dredging operation to proceed continuously;

[0023] 2. The sludge suction pump sucks the sludge containing crushed weeds, branches, leaves and other impurities into the sludge collection tank. The weeds, branches, leaves and other impurities are filtered and removed through the filter screen. The sludge without the above impurities enters the centrifugal separator for centrifugal separation. The solidified sludge generated enters the solid collection tank through the solid output end, and the clear liquid generated is directly discharged into the construction river through the discharge pipeline, thereby realizing the efficient treatment of sludge, reducing the amount of sludge transported to the land for separation treatment, and realizing the efficient operation of dredging and treating sludge simultaneously.

[0024] 3. The dredging control unit is connected to the first adjusting cylinder and the second adjusting cylinder for control, realizing the independent telescopic control of the first adjusting cylinder and the second adjusting cylinder to independently control the inclination angles of the two auxiliary buckets relative to the main bucket. And no matter what angle the auxiliary buckets are adjusted to, the main motor arranged on the main bucket can transmit the torque to each main cutter and auxiliary cutter, and can adapt to the inclination of the two auxiliary buckets and adapt to different inclined hard ground at the bottom of the water surface. Description of the Drawings

[0025] The drawings forming a part of the specification depict embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Referring to the drawings, the present disclosure can be more clearly understood according to the following detailed description, wherein:

[0026] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a dredging, silt prevention and dredging device for water conservancy projects provided;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a front view of an embodiment of a silt removal and dredging device for water conservancy projects;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a side view of an embodiment of a silt removal and dredging device for water conservancy projects;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the working principle of an embodiment of a silt removal and dredging device for water conservancy projects;

[0030] Figure 5 is a perspective view of a first view of the provided sludge scooping unit and sludge crushing unit;

[0031] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the provided sludge scooping unit and sludge crushing unit from a second perspective;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the disassembled state of the provided sludge shoveling unit and the sludge crushing unit;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the main bucket provided;

[0034] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the main blade embodiment provided;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing a state in which one side of the auxiliary bucket of the provided sludge shoveling unit is flipped over and the other side auxiliary bucket is flush with the main bucket;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the state in which the auxiliary buckets on both sides of the provided sludge shoveling unit are flush with the main bucket.

[0037] Description of the accompanying drawings:

[0038] 1—travel drive unit, 11—sludge collection box, 12—lifting cylinder, 13—mud and water separation mechanism;

[0039] 2 - silt shoveling unit, 21 - main bucket, 22 - auxiliary bucket, 23 - first adjustment cylinder, 24 - second adjustment cylinder, 25 - front shovel edge, 26 - first side shovel edge, 27 - second side shovel edge;

[0040] 3 - sludge crushing unit, 31 - main reamer, 32 - auxiliary reamer, 33 - cutting blade, 34 - crushing blade, 35 - main motor, 36 - first transmission belt, 37 - second transmission belt, 38 - third transmission belt;

[0041] 4—sludge suction unit, 41—sludge suction pump, 42—retractable pipe;

[0042] 5—Dredging control unit.

[0043] It should be understood that the size of each part shown in the accompanying drawings is not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. In addition, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present disclosure, its application, or use. The present disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to make the present disclosure thorough and complete and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of parts and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as being merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0045] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 8As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a dredging, silt prevention and dredging device for water conservancy projects, which includes a traveling drive unit 1, a silt shoveling unit 2, a silt crushing unit 3, a silt suction unit 4 and a dredging control unit 5. The traveling drive unit 1 moves forward on the water surface during dredging construction, and is provided with a silt collection box 11 and a silt dry-wet separation device; the silt shoveling unit 2 includes a main bucket 21 movably connected to the front end of the traveling drive unit 1. The bottom wall, rear wall and top wall of the main bucket 21 enclose a U-shaped collection structure with an opening facing forward. A front shovel edge 25 is provided at the front end of the bottom wall. The silt crushing unit 3 includes a main reamer 31 and a rotating mechanism. The main reamer 31 includes a plurality of them and is horizontally arrayed above the bottom wall of the main bucket 21. The shanks of each main reamer 31 are arranged longitudinally and the rear ends are rotatably connected to the rear wall of the main shovel body. The rear ends of each shank are drivingly connected to the rotating mechanism, and the front ends are provided with cutter heads near the front shovel edge 25; the silt suction unit 4 includes a silt suction pump 41 and a telescopic pipe body 42. The suction end of the silt suction pump 41 is connected to the inside of the U-shaped collection structure, and the discharge end is connected to the silt collection box 11 through the telescopic pipe body 42; the dredging control unit 5 is controllably connected to the silt shoveling unit 2, the silt crushing unit 3 and the silt suction unit 4. During the process of the traveling drive unit 1 driving the silt shoveling unit 2 to move forward along the bottom of the water, the dredging control unit 5 controls the silt shoveling unit 2 to collect the silt at the bottom of the water, sucks it into the silt dry-wet separation device through the silt suction unit 4 for separation treatment, and during the inflow of the silt, the large-volume impurities in it are crushed by the silt crushing unit 3.

[0046] The working process of the provided dredging, silt prevention and dredging device for water conservancy projects: The silt shoveling unit 2, the silt crushing unit 3 and the silt suction unit 4 driven and connected by the traveling drive unit 1 move along the construction range. The main bucket 21 in the silt shoveling unit 2 is driven by the traveling drive unit 1 to move forward along the bottom of the water, and the silt at the bottom of the water enters the U-shaped collection structure to collect the silt shoveled by the silt shoveling unit 2. Under the action of the silt suction pump 41, the silt shoveled by the main bucket 21 flows to the suction end of the silt suction pump 41. At the same time, the weeds, branches, leaves, etc. in the mixture also flow to the suction end of the silt suction pump 41. During this process, the rotating mechanism drives the main reamer 31 to rotate to crush the weeds, branches, leaves, etc. doped in the silt, so that the silt suction pump 41 can suck the crushed impurities, avoiding the failure to remove the above-mentioned underwater impurities and preventing the problem that the large-volume weeds, branches, leaves, etc. block the silt suction pump 41 and cause the dredging operation to be unable to proceed continuously. This dredging, silt prevention and dredging device for water conservancy projects can adapt to rivers and ground with different depths and bottom inclination directions, and can efficiently remove the silt containing sundries such as weeds, branches and leaves. Moreover, by movably connecting the main bucket 21 to the front end of the traveling drive unit 1, it can flexibly adapt to rivers and ground with different depths and bottom inclination directions.

[0047] A lifting cylinder 12 is provided between the travel drive unit 1 and the main bucket 21. The cylinder body of the lifting cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to the travel drive unit 1 and extends vertically downward. The movable rod of the lifting cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to the main bucket 21. The telescopic tube 42 is arranged parallel to the lifting cylinder 12 and includes a multi-section tube body that is movably connected. The sludge suction pump 41 is provided on the top of the main bucket 21. The lowermost end of the telescopic tube 42 is connected to the discharge end of the sludge suction pump 41, and the uppermost tube section is connected to the sludge dry-wet separation device. The lifting cylinder 12 drives the main bucket 21 and the auxiliary bucket 22 to rise and fall to accommodate the shoveling of sludge at different depths. The sludge suction pump 41 is provided on the main bucket 21, which can generate a greater suction force on the sludge in the bottom U-shaped structure, thereby achieving an efficient sludge suction process.

[0048] The sludge dry-wet separation device includes a sludge-water separation mechanism 13. The input end of the sludge collection box 11 is connected to the upper end of the telescopic tube 42. The sludge-water separation mechanism 13 includes a filter screen and a centrifugal separator. The output end of the sludge collection box 11 is connected to the input end of the centrifugal separator via a pipeline. The filter screen is provided at the output end of the sludge collection box 11. The solids output end of the centrifugal separator is connected to the solids collection box provided on the travel drive unit 1, and the liquid output end is provided with a discharge pipeline. A sludge suction pump 41 is used to suck sludge containing impurities such as pulverized weeds, branches, and leaves into the sludge collection box 11. The weeds, branches, and leaves are filtered and removed through the filter screen. The sludge free of these impurities enters the centrifugal separator for centrifugal separation. The solidified sludge is discharged through the solids output end into the solids collection box. The clear liquid is discharged directly into the river being constructed via a discharge pipeline. This achieves efficient sludge treatment, reduces the amount of sludge transported to land for separation and treatment, and enables efficient sludge desilting and simultaneous sludge treatment.

[0049] like Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the sludge shoveling unit 2 further includes auxiliary buckets 22 disposed on both lateral sides of the main bucket 21. The auxiliary buckets 22 include a rear wall and a bottom wall connected vertically. The rear wall of the auxiliary bucket 22 is flush with the rear wall of the main bucket 21, and the bottom wall extends forward and is provided with a front shovel edge 25 extending in the same direction as the front shovel edge 25 of the main bucket 21. The sludge crushing unit 3 further includes auxiliary reamers 32 disposed on the auxiliary bucket 22. The auxiliary reamers 32 include a plurality of auxiliary reamers 32 disposed in a transverse array above the bottom wall of the auxiliary bucket 22. The cutter bar of each auxiliary reamer 32 extends longitudinally and its rear end is rotatably connected to the rear wall of the shovel body. The rear end of each cutter bar is drive-connected to a rotating mechanism, and a cutter head is provided at the front end near the front shovel edge 25.

[0050] Furthermore, during implementation, each of the auxiliary buckets 22 is hinged to the main bucket 21 via an outer hinge arranged longitudinally along the rotating shaft. An adjustment cylinder is provided between the rear wall of the main bucket 21 and the rear wall of the auxiliary bucket 22. The cylinder body of the adjustment cylinder is hinged to the rear wall of the main bucket 21 via an upper hinge, and the movable rod of the adjustment cylinder is hinged to the rear wall of the auxiliary bucket 22 via a lower hinge. The main bucket 21 is driven and connected to the auxiliary bucket 22 on the left side via a first adjustment cylinder 23, and is driven and connected to the other auxiliary bucket 22 on the right side via a second adjustment cylinder 24. The first adjustment cylinder 23 and the second adjustment cylinder 24 are independently controllable to independently control the tilt angles of the two auxiliary buckets 22 relative to the main bucket 21. The dredging control unit 5 is controllably connected to the first adjustment cylinder 23 and the second adjustment cylinder 24 to adapt to driving the two auxiliary buckets 22 to tilt and adapt to different tilt angles of the bottom of the water surface and hard ground.

[0051] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 For example, in one embodiment, the extension of the first and second adjustment cylinders 23 and 24 causes the auxiliary buckets 22 on both sides to be flush with the bottom wall of the main bucket 21, thereby adapting to a flat underwater hard surface. In another embodiment, the adjustment of the first adjustment cylinder 23 causes the auxiliary bucket 22 on the left side of the main bucket 21 to tilt at a certain angle, thereby adapting to a construction site with an upwardly inclined underwater hard surface on the left side. In another embodiment, the contraction of the first and second adjustment cylinders 23 and 24 causes the auxiliary buckets 22 on both sides to be inclined relative to the bottom wall of the main bucket 21, thereby adapting to a construction site with an inclined underwater hard surface on both sides.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, the rotating mechanism includes a main motor 35 disposed on the upper portion of the rear wall of the main bucket 21. The main motor 35 is driven and connected to the main reamer 31 in the middle of the main bucket 21 via a first transmission belt 36. Each adjacent main reamer 31 is connected to each other via a second transmission belt 37. The main reamer 31 disposed on the outermost side of the main bucket 21 is coaxially arranged with the outer hinge. The outermost main reamer 31 is connected to the adjacent secondary reamers 32, and the adjacent secondary reamers 32 are connected to each other via a third transmission belt 38. With the above structure, no matter what angle the secondary bucket 22 is adjusted to, the main motor 35 disposed on the main bucket can transmit torque to each main reamer 31 and secondary reamers 32, thereby avoiding the problem of the main motor 35 torque not being able to be transmitted to each secondary reamer 32 when adjusting the angle of the secondary bucket 22 to adapt to the hard bottom surface underwater.

[0053] like Figure 7As shown, further, in some embodiments, a first side cutting edge 26 is provided on the outer side of the bottom wall of the main bucket 21, and a second side cutting edge 27 is provided on the inner side of the bottom wall of the auxiliary bucket 22. The first side cutting edge 26 and the second side cutting edge 27 are arranged opposite to each other and form a cooperating shearing mechanism when combined. This is to cut off weeds, leaves, branches, etc. in the silt on both sides of the main bucket 21 during the combination process, avoiding the above-mentioned impurities from hindering the suction of the silt and also avoiding the problem that the auxiliary bucket 22 cannot be combined due to the above-mentioned impurities.

[0054] As Figure 5 and 9 As shown, during the implementation process, the cutter head includes a cutting blade 33 and a crushing blade 34 arranged at intervals in the front and rear. The cutting blade 33 includes multiple rows arranged at intervals along the length direction of the tool bar at the front end of the tool bar, and each row of cutting blades 33 is evenly distributed with multiple rows of blades along the circumference. The crushing blade 34 includes multiple rows arranged at intervals along the length direction of the tool bar in the middle of the tool bar, and each row of crushing blades 34 is evenly distributed with multiple rows of blades along the circumference. During the implementation process, the main bucket in the silt scooping unit advances along the bottom of the water, and the silt at the bottom of the water enters the U-shaped collection structure. Under the action of the silt suction pump 41, the silt scooped by the main bucket and the weeds, branches, leaves, etc. in the mixture flow towards the suction end of the pump. The rotating mechanism drives the tool bar to drive the cutting blade 33 and the crushing blade 34 to rotate at high speed to crush the weeds, branches, leaves, etc. in the silt, so that the silt suction pump 41 can suck in the crushed impurities, preventing large-volume weeds, branches, leaves, etc. from blocking the silt suction pump 41 and enabling the dredging operation to proceed continuously.

[0055] So far, the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of the present disclosure, some details well known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed here based on the above description. Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for the purpose of illustration and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A silt removal and dredging device for water conservancy projects, characterized in that: Comprising: A traveling drive unit (1) that moves forward on the water surface during dredging construction, provided with a silt collection box (11) and a silt dry-wet separation device; A silt shoveling unit (2), including a main bucket (21) movably connected to the front end of the traveling drive unit (1), the bottom wall, rear wall and top wall of the main bucket (21) enclose a U-shaped collection structure with an opening facing forward, and a front shovel edge (25) is provided at the front end of the bottom wall; A silt crushing unit (3), including a main reamer (31) and a rotating mechanism, the main reamer (31) includes a plurality of them arranged horizontally above the bottom wall of the main bucket (21), the shanks of each main reamer (31) are arranged longitudinally and the rear ends are rotatably connected to the rear wall of the main shovel body, the rear ends of each shank are drivingly connected to the rotating mechanism, and cutter heads are provided at the front ends near the front shovel edge (25); A silt suction unit (4), including a silt suction pump (41) and a telescopic pipe body (42), the suction end of the silt suction pump (41) is connected to the inside of the U-shaped collection structure, and the discharge end is connected to the silt collection box (11) through the telescopic pipe body (42); and A dredging control unit (5), which is control-connected to the silt shoveling unit (2), the silt crushing unit (3) and the silt suction unit (4); The silt shoveling unit (2) further includes auxiliary buckets (22) arranged on the lateral sides of the main bucket (21), the auxiliary buckets (22) include a rear wall and a bottom wall connected vertically, the rear wall of the auxiliary bucket (22) is flush with the rear wall of the main bucket (21), the bottom wall extends forward and is provided with a front shovel edge (25) that extends the same as the front shovel edge (25) of the main bucket (21); The silt crushing unit (3) further includes auxiliary reamers (32) arranged on the auxiliary buckets (22), the auxiliary reamers (32) include a plurality of them arranged horizontally above the bottom wall of the auxiliary bucket (22), the shanks of each auxiliary reamer (32) extend longitudinally and the rear ends are rotatably connected to the rear wall of the shovel body, the rear ends of each shank are drivingly connected to the rotating mechanism, and cutter heads are provided at the front ends near the front shovel edge (25); Each of the auxiliary buckets (22) is hinged to the main bucket (21) through an outer hinge with a longitudinally arranged rotating shaft, and an adjusting cylinder is provided between the rear wall of the main bucket (21) and the rear wall of the auxiliary bucket (22), the cylinder body of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the rear wall of the main bucket (21) through an upper hinge, and the movable rod of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the rear wall of the auxiliary bucket (22) through a lower hinge.

2. The silt clearing and silt prevention dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first side shovel edge (26) is provided on the outer side of the bottom wall of the main bucket (21), a second side shovel edge (27) is provided on the inner side of the bottom wall of the auxiliary bucket (22), the first side shovel edge (26) and the second side shovel edge (27) are arranged opposite to each other, and a shearing mechanism that cooperates with each other is formed when combined.

3. The silt removal and dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main bucket (21) is connected to the auxiliary bucket (22) on the left side by a first adjusting cylinder (23), and is connected to the other auxiliary bucket (22) on the right side by a second adjusting cylinder (24). The first adjusting cylinder (23) and the second adjusting cylinder (24) are independently controlled to extend and retract, so as to independently control the tilt angles of the two auxiliary buckets (22) relative to the main bucket (21). The dredging control unit (5) is connected to the first adjusting cylinder (23) and the second adjusting cylinder (24) to adapt to driving the two auxiliary buckets (22) to tilt, and to adapt to different tilt angles of the bottom of the water surface and the hard ground.

4. The silt clearing and silt prevention dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tool head of the main reamer (31) or the auxiliary reamer (32) includes cutting knives (33) and crushing knives (34) arranged at intervals in front and back, the cutting knives (33) including multiple rows arranged at intervals along the length direction of the tool rod at the front end of the tool rod, each row of cutting knives (33) having multiple rows of blades evenly distributed along the circumference, and the crushing knives (34) including multiple rows arranged at intervals along the length direction of the tool rod at the middle part of the tool rod, each row of crushing knives (34) having multiple rows of blades evenly distributed along the circumference.

5. The silt clearing and silt prevention dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism includes a main motor (35) arranged on the upper part of the rear wall of the main bucket (21), the main motor (35) is connected to the main reamer (31) in the middle of the main bucket (21) through a first transmission belt (36), and each adjacent main reamer (31) is connected to each other through a second transmission belt (37); the main reamer (31) arranged on the outermost side of the main bucket (21) is coaxially arranged with the outer hinge, and the outermost main reamer (31) and the adjacent auxiliary reamers (32), as well as the adjacent auxiliary reamers (32) are connected to each other through a third transmission belt (38).

6. The silt clearing and silt prevention dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lifting cylinder (12) is provided between the travel drive unit (1) and the main bucket (21), the cylinder body of the lifting cylinder (12) is fixedly connected to the travel drive unit (1) and extends vertically downward, the movable rod of the lifting cylinder (12) is fixedly connected to the main bucket (21), the telescopic tube (42) is arranged in parallel with the lifting cylinder (12) and includes a plurality of movably connected tubes, the sludge suction pump (41) is provided on the top of the main bucket (21), the lowermost tube body of the telescopic tube (42) is connected to the discharge end of the sludge suction pump (41), and the uppermost tube section is connected to the sludge dry-wet separation device.

7. The silt clearing and silt prevention dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sludge dry-wet separation device comprises a mud-water separation mechanism (13), the input end of the sludge collection box (11) is connected to the upper end of the telescopic tube body (42), the mud-water separation mechanism (13) comprises a filter screen and a centrifugal separator, the output end of the sludge collection box (11) is connected to the input end of the centrifugal separator through a pipeline, the filter screen is arranged at the output end of the sludge collection box (11), the solid output end of the centrifugal separator is connected to the solid collection box arranged on the travel drive unit (1), and the liquid output end is provided with a discharge pipeline.

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